WEBVTT

00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:07.139
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

00:00:07.139 --> 00:00:11.740
Written with the pens of longing and the ink of love.

00:00:11.740 --> 00:00:15.869
We pen letters more precious than gold.

00:00:15.869 --> 00:00:20.870
In describing the Master of Creation, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him

00:00:20.870 --> 00:00:30.820
The Prophetic characteristics (Shama'il)

00:00:30.820 --> 00:00:35.820
Chapter on What Has Been Related Regarding the Passing of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

00:00:35.820 --> 00:00:40.679
On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:

00:00:40.679 --> 00:00:47.710
On the day the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) entered Medina,

00:00:47.710 --> 00:00:50.710
through which every single thing was illuminated.

00:00:50.710 --> 00:00:56.869
And on the day he passed away, every part of it grew dark.

00:00:56.869 --> 00:00:59.969
We had not even wiped the dust from our hands

00:00:59.969 --> 00:01:03.969
And indeed, while we were burying him, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

00:01:03.969 --> 00:01:06.969
So much so that we felt our very hearts had changed.

00:01:06.969 --> 00:01:12.090
In this hadith, Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) relates:

00:01:12.090 --> 00:01:17.090
A comparison between the day on which the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, first shone his light upon the world

00:01:17.090 --> 00:01:19.090
with his noble presence.

00:01:19.090 --> 00:01:22.090
... entering the city of Medina.

00:01:22.090 --> 00:01:27.090
And the day his soul was taken, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

00:01:27.090 --> 00:01:29.090
He says,

00:01:29.090 --> 00:01:35.090
When the day arrived on which the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, entered Medina,

00:01:35.090 --> 00:01:38.090
illuminated everything within it

00:01:38.090 --> 00:01:41.090
Meaning that Medina was illuminated by his entry.

00:01:41.090 --> 00:01:45.090
Thus, the light of general guidance radiated throughout Medina.

00:01:45.090 --> 00:01:47.090
Or it is said:

00:01:47.090 --> 00:01:52.090
Here, the illumination is a metaphor for the complete joy felt by the residents of Medina.

00:01:52.090 --> 00:01:54.150
And His saying:

00:01:54.150 --> 00:02:00.150
But on the day he passed away, every part of it was plunged into darkness.

00:02:00.150 --> 00:02:03.150
That is, that light departed with his death, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

00:02:03.150 --> 00:02:05.150
And Medina was plunged into darkness.

00:02:05.150 --> 00:02:08.150
and its inhabitants grieved over his departure.

00:02:08.150 --> 00:02:10.150
And they burst into tears.

00:02:10.150 --> 00:02:13.340
Abu Dhu'ayb al-Hudhali said,

00:02:13.340 --> 00:02:15.340
I arrived in Medina.

00:02:15.340 --> 00:02:17.340
And its people were heard weeping loudly.

00:02:17.340 --> 00:02:21.340
Like the clamor of the pilgrims when they enter the state of ihram, raising their voices in the acclamation of faith.

00:02:21.340 --> 00:02:23.340
So I said, "Halt!"

00:02:23.340 --> 00:02:25.340
They said,

00:02:25.340 --> 00:02:29.340
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) passed away.

00:02:29.340 --> 00:02:30.569
And his saying:

00:02:31.569 --> 00:02:34.569
and we had not even wiped the dust from our hands

00:02:34.569 --> 00:02:36.569
Meaning, from the dust of the grave.

00:02:36.569 --> 00:02:40.569
While we were engaged in burying him, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

00:02:40.569 --> 00:02:42.569
That is, with regard to carrying out his burial.

00:02:42.569 --> 00:02:45.569
So much so that we no longer recognized our own hearts.

00:02:45.569 --> 00:02:51.569
That is to say, they found that their hearts had changed from what they had known during his lifetime.

00:02:51.569 --> 00:02:54.569
Of affection, purity, and tenderness.

00:02:54.569 --> 00:02:58.569
Because of the instruction and moral discipline he used to provide them with.

00:02:58.569 --> 00:03:01.569
And because they lacked the blessings of the Prophet's companionship.

00:03:01.569 --> 00:03:07.599
This does not mean that they found their hearts lacking the conviction they previously held.

00:03:07.599 --> 00:03:13.599
Because their faith did not diminish upon his death, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

00:03:13.599 --> 00:03:18.780
And on the authority of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), she said:

00:03:18.780 --> 00:03:23.780
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away on Monday.

00:03:23.780 --> 00:03:27.849
And on the authority of Ja'far Ibn Muhammad, from his father, he said:

00:03:27.849 --> 00:03:32.849
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away on a Monday.

00:03:32.849 --> 00:03:36.849
So he remained through that day and the eve of Tuesday.

00:03:36.849 --> 00:03:39.979
And he was buried at night.

00:03:39.979 --> 00:03:42.979
Sufyan said, as did others:

00:03:42.979 --> 00:03:46.979
From the late hours of the night, he could hear the sound of shovels.

00:03:46.979 --> 00:03:51.129
In these two hadiths

00:03:51.129 --> 00:03:55.129
That the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) passed away on a Monday.

00:03:55.129 --> 00:03:58.129
And this is a matter of consensus.

00:03:58.129 --> 00:04:03.129
And his saying, "So he remained that day," refers to Monday.

00:04:03.129 --> 00:04:07.129
...and Tuesday night, and he was buried during the night.

00:04:07.129 --> 00:04:09.129
Meaning, Tuesday night.

00:04:09.129 --> 00:04:13.189
As for the washing and shrouding of his body, these took place on Tuesday.

00:04:13.189 --> 00:04:17.189
And the burial took place on Tuesday night, in the middle of the night.

00:04:17.189 --> 00:04:20.189
Thus, the burial was delayed until this time.

00:04:20.189 --> 00:04:23.189
So that the people may be able to offer the funeral prayer over him.

00:04:23.189 --> 00:04:29.189
So they prayed the funeral prayer over him individually in the room of 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her.

00:04:29.189 --> 00:04:33.189
And it can only accommodate a small amount of prose.

00:04:33.189 --> 00:04:37.420
And his saying, "He hears the sound of the shovels,"

00:04:37.420 --> 00:04:42.420
*Masāḥī* is the plural of *misḥāh*, which is an iron spade.

00:04:42.420 --> 00:04:45.579
And it is related in the Musnad of Imam Ahmad

00:04:45.579 --> 00:04:49.579
On the authority of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), who said:

00:04:49.579 --> 00:04:54.579
We only realized that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was being buried

00:04:54.579 --> 00:04:58.579
until I heard the sound of shovels late in the night.

00:04:58.579 --> 00:05:02.819
Tuesday night

00:05:02.819 --> 00:05:06.819
On the authority of Salim Ibn 'Ubayd, who was a Companion of the Prophet,

00:05:06.819 --> 00:05:12.819
He said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, fell unconscious during his illness.

00:05:12.819 --> 00:05:17.819
When he regained consciousness, he asked, "Has the time for prayer arrived?"

00:05:17.819 --> 00:05:19.819
They replied, "Yes."

00:05:19.819 --> 00:05:23.819
He then said, "Command Bilal to call the adhan."

00:05:23.819 --> 00:05:26.819
And command Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, to lead the people in prayer.

00:05:26.819 --> 00:05:29.819
Or he spoke to the people.

00:05:29.819 --> 00:05:32.819
He said, "Then he fell unconscious."

00:05:32.819 --> 00:05:36.819
Then he regained consciousness and said, "Has the time for prayer arrived?"

00:05:36.819 --> 00:05:38.819
They replied, "Yes."

00:05:38.819 --> 00:05:42.819
Then he said, "Command Bilal to call the adhan."

00:05:42.819 --> 00:05:46.819
And tell Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, to lead the people in prayer.

00:05:46.819 --> 00:05:48.819
Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, said:

00:05:48.819 --> 00:05:51.819
My father is a man of a tender and sensitive heart.

00:05:51.819 --> 00:05:54.819
When he stood in that position, he would weep.

00:05:54.819 --> 00:05:56.819
Thus, he is unable to do so.

00:05:56.819 --> 00:05:58.920
Had I commanded someone other than him

00:05:58.920 --> 00:06:01.920
He said, then he lost consciousness.

00:06:01.920 --> 00:06:03.920
Then he regained consciousness and said:

00:06:03.920 --> 00:06:06.920
Tell Bilal to call the adhan.

00:06:06.920 --> 00:06:10.920
And tell Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, to lead the people in prayer.

00:06:10.920 --> 00:06:14.920
For they were like the companions of Yusuf.

00:06:14.920 --> 00:06:17.920
He then commanded Bilal, may Allah be pleased with him, to call the adhan.

00:06:17.920 --> 00:06:20.920
Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, gave the command and led the people in prayer.

00:06:20.920 --> 00:06:24.920
Then, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

00:06:24.920 --> 00:06:26.920
He felt a sense of lightness.

00:06:26.920 --> 00:06:27.920
He then said

00:06:27.920 --> 00:06:30.920
Look for someone upon whom I may lean.

00:06:30.920 --> 00:06:33.920
Then Barirah came, along with another man.

00:06:33.920 --> 00:06:36.949
He then leaned upon both of them.

00:06:36.949 --> 00:06:38.949
When Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, saw him

00:06:38.949 --> 00:06:40.949
He went to the link.

00:06:40.949 --> 00:06:43.949
He gestured to him to remain in his place.

00:06:43.949 --> 00:06:46.949
Until Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, finished his prayer.

00:06:46.949 --> 00:06:52.079
Then, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away.

00:06:52.079 --> 00:06:54.269
Then ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said:

00:06:54.269 --> 00:06:56.269
By Allah, I will not listen to anyone.

00:06:56.269 --> 00:07:01.269
It is mentioned that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away.

00:07:01.269 --> 00:07:04.269
I would strike him with this sword of mine.

00:07:04.269 --> 00:07:05.269
He said

00:07:05.269 --> 00:07:08.269
The people were unlettered.

00:07:08.269 --> 00:07:11.269
There was no prophet among them before him.

00:07:11.269 --> 00:07:13.269
Then the people refrained.

00:07:13.269 --> 00:07:14.269
They said,

00:07:14.269 --> 00:07:16.269
O Salim.

00:07:16.269 --> 00:07:22.269
Go to the Companion of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and summon him.

00:07:22.269 --> 00:07:25.370
So I came to Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, while he was in the mosque.

00:07:25.370 --> 00:07:28.370
I came to him weeping in astonishment.

00:07:28.370 --> 00:07:31.370
When he saw me, he said:

00:07:31.370 --> 00:07:35.370
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away.

00:07:35.370 --> 00:07:36.370
I said

00:07:36.370 --> 00:07:38.370
'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, says

00:07:39.370 --> 00:07:45.370
I do not hear anyone mentioning that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away.

00:07:45.370 --> 00:07:48.370
I would strike him with this sword of mine.

00:07:48.370 --> 00:07:50.370
He then said to me

00:07:50.370 --> 00:07:51.370
He set out.

00:07:51.370 --> 00:07:53.370
So I set out with him.

00:07:53.370 --> 00:07:59.430
He arrived while the people had already entered upon the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

00:07:59.430 --> 00:08:00.430
He then said

00:08:00.430 --> 00:08:02.430
O people!

00:08:02.430 --> 00:08:04.430
Make space for me.

00:08:04.430 --> 00:08:06.430
So make space for him.

00:08:06.430 --> 00:08:09.430
He then leaned over him and touched him.

00:08:09.430 --> 00:08:11.430
He then said

00:08:11.430 --> 00:08:15.430
“Lo! thou wilt die, and lo! they will die;” (39:30)

00:08:15.430 --> 00:08:17.459
Then they said

00:08:17.459 --> 00:08:19.459
O Companion of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

00:08:19.459 --> 00:08:23.459
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away.

00:08:23.459 --> 00:08:25.459
He said, "Yes."

00:08:25.459 --> 00:08:28.500
So they knew that he had spoken the truth.

00:08:28.500 --> 00:08:29.500
They said

00:08:29.500 --> 00:08:31.500
O Companion of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

00:08:31.500 --> 00:08:35.500
Should blessings be invoked upon the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him?

00:08:35.500 --> 00:08:37.500
He said, "Yes."

00:08:37.500 --> 00:08:39.500
They asked, "And how is that?"

00:08:39.500 --> 00:08:40.500
He said

00:08:40.500 --> 00:08:45.500
A group of people will enter, then they will proclaim the greatness of Allah, perform prayer, and supplicate.

00:08:45.500 --> 00:08:47.500
Then they shall emerge.

00:08:47.500 --> 00:08:52.500
Then a group of people enters, and they proclaim the greatness of Allah, perform prayer, and supplicate.

00:08:52.500 --> 00:08:54.500
Then they will emerge.

00:08:54.500 --> 00:08:56.500
until the people enter.

00:08:56.500 --> 00:08:57.500
They said:

00:08:57.500 --> 00:09:00.500
O Companion of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.

00:09:00.500 --> 00:09:04.500
Is the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, to be buried?

00:09:04.500 --> 00:09:06.500
He said, "Yes."

00:09:06.500 --> 00:09:07.500
They said:

00:09:07.500 --> 00:09:08.500
Where

00:09:08.500 --> 00:09:09.500
He said

00:09:09.500 --> 00:09:13.500
In the very place where Allah took his soul.

00:09:13.500 --> 00:09:18.559
For Allah did not take his soul except in a blessed place.

00:09:18.559 --> 00:09:21.559
So they knew that he had spoken the truth.

00:09:21.559 --> 00:09:25.620
Then he commanded that his paternal cousins should wash him.

00:09:25.620 --> 00:09:28.620
The Muhajirun gathered to consult with one another.

00:09:28.620 --> 00:09:29.620
They said,

00:09:29.620 --> 00:09:33.620
Come with us to our brothers among the Ansar.

00:09:33.620 --> 00:09:36.620
We shall include them with us in this matter.

00:09:36.620 --> 00:09:38.620
The Ansar said

00:09:38.620 --> 00:09:42.620
There shall be a leader from among us and a leader from among you.

00:09:42.620 --> 00:09:44.620
'Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, said:

00:09:44.620 --> 00:09:47.620
Whoever possesses these three qualities...

00:09:47.620 --> 00:09:50.720
“If ye help him not, still Allah helped him when those who disbelieve drove him forth, the second of two; when they two were in the cave, when he said unto his comrade: Grieve not. Lo! Allah is with us. Then Allah caused His peace of reassurance to descend upon him and supported him with hosts ye cannot see, and made the word of those who disbelieved the nethermost, while Allah's Word it was that became the uppermost. Allah is Mighty, Wise.” (9:40)

00:09:50.720 --> 00:09:55.720
“If ye help him not, still Allah helped him when those who disbelieve drove him forth, the second of two; when they two were in the cave, when he said unto his comrade: Grieve not. Lo! Allah is with us. Then Allah caused His peace of reassurance to descend upon him and supported him with hosts ye cannot see, and made the word of those who disbelieved the nethermost, while Allah's Word it was that became the uppermost. Allah is Mighty, Wise.” (9:40)

00:09:55.720 --> 00:09:57.720
Who are the two of them?

00:09:57.720 --> 00:09:58.750
He said

00:09:58.750 --> 00:10:01.750
Then he extended his hand and pledged allegiance to him.

00:10:01.750 --> 00:10:06.750
The people pledged their allegiance to him in a beautiful and noble manner.

00:10:06.750 --> 00:10:09.940
In this hadith

00:10:09.940 --> 00:10:12.940
Salim Ibn 'Ubayd, may Allah be pleased with him, mentions

00:10:12.940 --> 00:10:15.940
He was a Companion from among the People of the Suffah.

00:10:15.940 --> 00:10:17.940
This lengthy hadith

00:10:17.940 --> 00:10:21.940
Who gathered a collection of matters pertaining to

00:10:21.940 --> 00:10:25.940
Regarding the news of the passing of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

00:10:25.940 --> 00:10:29.000
We pause to reflect upon those aspects of it that remain ambiguous.

00:10:29.000 --> 00:10:30.000
His statement

00:10:30.000 --> 00:10:34.000
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, fell into a state of unconsciousness.

00:10:34.000 --> 00:10:38.000
Fainting is when a person loses consciousness.

00:10:38.000 --> 00:10:40.000
He becomes oblivious to everything around him.

00:10:40.000 --> 00:10:44.059
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, fell unconscious.

00:10:44.059 --> 00:10:47.059
Due to the severity of the illness and the pain.

00:10:47.059 --> 00:10:49.220
Then he regained consciousness.

00:10:49.220 --> 00:10:50.220
He then said

00:10:50.220 --> 00:10:52.220
The time for prayer has arrived.

00:10:52.220 --> 00:10:53.220
They replied, "Yes."

00:10:53.220 --> 00:10:58.220
This illustrates for us the status of prayer within the religion of Allah, the Almighty and Majestic.

00:10:58.220 --> 00:11:02.220
It is among the most important matters to which a person should attend.

00:11:02.220 --> 00:11:05.419
He commanded Bilal to call the adhan.

00:11:05.419 --> 00:11:08.419
And Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer.

00:11:08.419 --> 00:11:09.509
Regarding his statement:

00:11:09.509 --> 00:11:12.509
Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, said:

00:11:12.509 --> 00:11:15.509
"My father is a man of 'asif."

00:11:15.509 --> 00:11:17.509
'Asif is derived from al-asaf.

00:11:17.509 --> 00:11:19.509
Which is intense sorrow.

00:11:19.509 --> 00:11:20.509
The intended meaning is:

00:11:20.509 --> 00:11:22.509
That he is tender-hearted.

00:11:22.509 --> 00:11:25.509
In another narration, she said:

00:11:25.509 --> 00:11:28.509
"If Abu Bakr stands in your place,

00:11:28.509 --> 00:11:31.509
the people will not hear him due to his weeping.

00:11:31.509 --> 00:11:34.509
So command Umar to lead the people in prayer."

00:11:34.509 --> 00:11:37.509
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said,

00:11:37.509 --> 00:11:40.509
after repeating the command three times:

00:11:40.509 --> 00:11:42.509
"Command Abu Bakr

00:11:42.509 --> 00:11:44.509
to lead the people in prayer,

00:11:44.509 --> 00:11:47.509
for you are like the companions of Yusuf."

00:11:48.539 --> 00:11:52.539
The point of comparison between Aisha and the companions of Yusuf

00:11:52.539 --> 00:11:55.539
is that in both cases,

00:11:55.539 --> 00:11:58.539
there was an outward display of one thing while concealing another.

00:11:58.539 --> 00:12:01.669
For Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her,

00:12:01.669 --> 00:12:04.669
showed that her father was tender-hearted,

00:12:04.669 --> 00:12:06.669
while she concealed within herself

00:12:06.669 --> 00:12:09.669
her concern for her father,

00:12:09.669 --> 00:12:11.669
that if he were to stand in that position,

00:12:11.669 --> 00:12:13.669
people might view him as an ill omen.

00:12:13.669 --> 00:12:15.929
Regarding his statement:

00:12:15.929 --> 00:12:16.929
He said:

00:12:16.929 --> 00:12:19.929
"Look for someone I can lean upon."

00:12:19.929 --> 00:12:22.929
Meaning that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

00:12:22.929 --> 00:12:24.929
felt a sense of relief,

00:12:24.929 --> 00:12:27.929
and wished to pray in the mosque.

00:12:27.929 --> 00:12:30.929
So Barirah, the freed slave of Aisha, came,

00:12:30.929 --> 00:12:32.929
and she was Ethiopian,

00:12:32.929 --> 00:12:34.929
along with another man.

00:12:34.929 --> 00:12:37.929
In some narrations, his name is explicitly mentioned,

00:12:37.929 --> 00:12:39.929
and he was Nawbah,

00:12:39.929 --> 00:12:41.929
who was also a slave.

00:12:41.929 --> 00:12:43.929
He leaned upon them both,

00:12:43.929 --> 00:12:45.929
and they proceeded with him to the mosque.

00:12:45.929 --> 00:12:47.929
It is mentioned in the two Sahih collections

00:12:47.929 --> 00:12:49.929
that he leaned upon his uncle al-Abbas

00:12:49.929 --> 00:12:53.929
and upon Ali, may Allah be pleased with them both.

00:12:53.929 --> 00:12:54.929
It has been said

00:12:54.929 --> 00:12:57.929
that he leaned upon Nawbah and Barirah

00:12:57.929 --> 00:12:59.929
until the door of the mosque,

00:12:59.929 --> 00:13:01.929
then al-Abbas and Ali took over

00:13:01.929 --> 00:13:04.929
to his place in the mosque.

00:13:04.929 --> 00:13:05.929
Regarding his statement:

00:13:05.929 --> 00:13:07.929
"When Abu Bakr saw him,"

00:13:07.929 --> 00:13:09.929
he went to step back.

00:13:09.929 --> 00:13:13.929
Meaning, when the Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, caught sight of him,

00:13:13.929 --> 00:13:15.929
he went to retreat,

00:13:15.929 --> 00:13:18.929
and fall back into the row with the people,

00:13:18.929 --> 00:13:22.929
so that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, would be the Imam.

00:13:22.929 --> 00:13:26.929
But he signaled for him to remain in his place,

00:13:26.929 --> 00:13:30.120
until Abu Bakr finished his prayer.

00:13:30.120 --> 00:13:31.120
Regarding his statement:

00:13:31.120 --> 00:13:36.120
"Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away."

00:13:36.120 --> 00:13:39.279
The word "then" (thumma) implies a sequence with a delay.

00:13:39.279 --> 00:13:42.279
Meaning that he, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

00:13:42.279 --> 00:13:44.279
did not pass away at that very moment,

00:13:44.279 --> 00:13:46.279
but was returned to his house,

00:13:46.279 --> 00:13:50.279
and Abu Bakr led the people in some prayers,

00:13:50.279 --> 00:13:53.279
until he, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away

00:13:53.279 --> 00:13:55.379
during the forenoon of Monday.

00:13:55.379 --> 00:13:57.379
The people began to speak

00:13:57.379 --> 00:14:01.379
about the death of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

00:14:01.379 --> 00:14:03.379
Some were certain,

00:14:03.379 --> 00:14:05.379
while others were questioning.

00:14:05.379 --> 00:14:07.379
Umar said:

00:14:07.379 --> 00:14:09.379
"By Allah, I will not hear anyone

00:14:09.379 --> 00:14:11.379
mention that the Messenger of Allah,

00:14:11.379 --> 00:14:13.379
peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, has passed away,

00:14:13.379 --> 00:14:16.379
without striking him with this sword of mine."

00:14:16.379 --> 00:14:19.379
Thinking that he, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

00:14:19.379 --> 00:14:21.379
had merely fainted,

00:14:21.379 --> 00:14:24.379
and that he would recover afterwards.

00:14:24.379 --> 00:14:27.379
This was due to the sheer horror of this tragedy.

00:14:27.379 --> 00:14:28.379
Regarding his statement:

00:14:28.379 --> 00:14:31.379
"And the people were unlettered,"

00:14:31.379 --> 00:14:35.379
meaning there had been no prophet among them before this.

00:14:35.379 --> 00:14:39.379
Thus, they were in a state of extreme confusion.

00:14:39.379 --> 00:14:42.379
A tragedy had befallen them that left them stunned.

00:14:42.379 --> 00:14:45.379
Otherwise, had there been a prophet among them before him,

00:14:45.379 --> 00:14:48.379
whose life had ended in death,

00:14:48.379 --> 00:14:53.570
they would have known that his situation was like that of that prophet.

00:14:53.570 --> 00:14:54.570
Regarding his statement:

00:14:54.570 --> 00:14:56.570
The people said:

00:14:56.570 --> 00:14:57.570
"O Salim,

00:14:57.570 --> 00:15:01.570
go to the companion of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

00:15:01.570 --> 00:15:03.570
and call him."

00:15:03.570 --> 00:15:04.570
And Salim

00:15:04.570 --> 00:15:05.570
is the Companion,

00:15:05.570 --> 00:15:07.570
the narrator of this hadith.

00:15:07.570 --> 00:15:10.570
This is because Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him,

00:15:10.570 --> 00:15:13.570
had sought permission from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

00:15:13.570 --> 00:15:16.570
to go to his family in al-Aliyah,

00:15:16.570 --> 00:15:20.570
and the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had granted him permission.

00:15:20.570 --> 00:15:22.570
So Salim came to him,

00:15:22.570 --> 00:15:25.570
while he was sitting in his mosque in al-Aliyah,

00:15:25.570 --> 00:15:28.570
and entered upon him weeping in shock,

00:15:28.570 --> 00:15:31.570
meaning bewildered and in pain,

00:15:31.570 --> 00:15:34.570
devastated by the magnitude of the calamity.

00:15:34.570 --> 00:15:36.570
When Abu Bakr saw him,

00:15:36.570 --> 00:15:37.570
he said:

00:15:37.570 --> 00:15:41.570
"Has the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed away?"

00:15:41.570 --> 00:15:44.570
He knew this from his state.

00:15:44.570 --> 00:15:45.789
Regarding his statement:

00:15:45.789 --> 00:15:51.789
He came while the people had already entered upon the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

00:15:51.789 --> 00:15:54.789
Meaning they had crowded around his house.

00:15:54.789 --> 00:15:55.789
He said:

00:15:55.789 --> 00:15:58.789
"O people, make way for me."

00:15:58.789 --> 00:16:00.789
Meaning, clear the path for me.

00:16:00.789 --> 00:16:02.789
So they made way for him.

00:16:02.789 --> 00:16:06.789
He came until he leaned over him and touched him,

00:16:06.789 --> 00:16:09.789
meaning he placed his hand on his body.

00:16:09.789 --> 00:16:13.789
As soon as he touched him, he knew that he had passed away.

00:16:13.789 --> 00:16:15.789
So he said:

00:16:15.789 --> 00:16:19.789
“Lo! thou wilt die, and lo! they will die;” (39:30)

00:16:19.789 --> 00:16:24.860
Then the Companions asked Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him,

00:16:24.860 --> 00:16:28.860
about how to wash the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

00:16:28.860 --> 00:16:31.860
and how to pray over him and bury him.

00:16:31.860 --> 00:16:36.269
Then Abu Bakr and Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, went out to the people,

00:16:36.269 --> 00:16:39.269
who were discussing the matter of the Caliphate

00:16:39.269 --> 00:16:42.269
at the Saqifah of Banu Sa'idah.

00:16:42.269 --> 00:16:44.269
Umar said to them:

00:16:44.269 --> 00:16:47.269
"Who possesses these three qualities?"

00:16:47.269 --> 00:16:51.269
Meaning, who has been granted such virtues

00:16:51.269 --> 00:16:53.269
as those granted to Abu Bakr?

00:16:53.269 --> 00:16:57.269
The first virtue

00:16:57.269 --> 00:16:59.269
is the saying of Allah: ﴾The second of two, when they were in the cave﴿.

00:16:59.269 --> 00:17:02.269
“If ye help him not, still Allah helped him when those who disbelieve drove him forth, the second of two; when they two were in the cave, when he said unto his comrade: Grieve not. Lo! Allah is with us. Then Allah caused His peace of reassurance to descend upon him and supported him with hosts ye cannot see, and made the word of those who disbelieved the nethermost, while Allah's Word it was that became the uppermost. Allah is Mighty, Wise.” (9:40)

00:17:02.269 --> 00:17:08.269
Who else endured the hardship with the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, in the cave?

00:17:08.269 --> 00:17:10.369
The second virtue

00:17:10.369 --> 00:17:12.369
is the saying of Allah: ﴾His companion﴿.

00:17:12.369 --> 00:17:15.369
“If ye help him not, still Allah helped him when those who disbelieve drove him forth, the second of two; when they two were in the cave, when he said unto his comrade: Grieve not. Lo! Allah is with us. Then Allah caused His peace of reassurance to descend upon him and supported him with hosts ye cannot see, and made the word of those who disbelieved the nethermost, while Allah's Word it was that became the uppermost. Allah is Mighty, Wise.” (9:40)

00:17:15.369 --> 00:17:20.369
Which of the Companions was explicitly named as his companion in the Qur'an?

00:17:20.369 --> 00:17:22.400
The third virtue

00:17:22.400 --> 00:17:24.400
is the saying of Allah:

00:17:24.400 --> 00:17:26.400
"Indeed, Allah is with us."

00:17:26.400 --> 00:17:32.400
For whom is this special companionship with the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him?

00:17:32.400 --> 00:17:35.559
The establishment of these virtues

00:17:35.559 --> 00:17:38.559
proves his right to the Caliphate.

00:17:38.559 --> 00:17:39.559
He said:

00:17:39.559 --> 00:17:42.559
Then he extended his hand and pledged allegiance to him.

00:17:42.559 --> 00:17:45.559
Meaning, Umar pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him.

00:17:45.559 --> 00:17:49.559
And the people pledged allegiance to him in a good and beautiful manner,

00:17:49.559 --> 00:17:52.559
as it occurred with clarity and consensus

00:17:52.559 --> 00:17:55.559
from the people of authority (ahl al-hall wa al-'aqd),

00:17:55.559 --> 00:17:59.559
with no coercion or compulsion.

00:17:59.559 --> 00:18:04.809
On the authority of Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

00:18:04.809 --> 00:18:07.809
When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

00:18:07.809 --> 00:18:10.809
experienced the agony of death as he did,

00:18:10.809 --> 00:18:13.809
Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:

00:18:13.809 --> 00:18:15.809
"O, what agony!"

00:18:15.809 --> 00:18:19.839
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:

00:18:19.839 --> 00:18:22.839
"There is no agony for your father after today."

00:18:22.839 --> 00:18:25.839
"For there has come upon your father

00:18:25.839 --> 00:18:28.839
that which will not spare anyone:

00:18:28.839 --> 00:18:31.839
the meeting on the Day of Resurrection."

00:18:31.839 --> 00:18:36.019
In this hadith,

00:18:36.019 --> 00:18:39.019
Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, says:

00:18:39.019 --> 00:18:42.019
When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

00:18:42.019 --> 00:18:45.019
experienced the agony of death as he did,

00:18:45.019 --> 00:18:48.019
meaning when the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, suffered

00:18:48.019 --> 00:18:51.019
from the hardships and throes of death,

00:18:51.019 --> 00:18:53.019
as he suffered,

00:18:53.019 --> 00:18:56.019
Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, said:

00:18:56.019 --> 00:18:58.019
"O, what agony!"

00:18:58.019 --> 00:19:01.019
Meaning, this is a great agony

00:19:01.019 --> 00:19:03.019
and a grave horror.

00:19:03.019 --> 00:19:06.019
This is an expression of pain and suffering.

00:19:06.019 --> 00:19:09.019
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said,

00:19:09.019 --> 00:19:11.019
to console her:

00:19:11.019 --> 00:19:14.019
"There is no agony for your father after today."

00:19:14.019 --> 00:19:17.019
"For there has come upon your father

00:19:17.019 --> 00:19:20.019
that which will not spare anyone."

00:19:20.019 --> 00:19:23.019
Meaning, the calamity of death is universal,

00:19:24.019 --> 00:19:27.019
and realizing this alleviates it.

00:19:27.019 --> 00:19:30.019
And his saying, "the meeting on the Day of Resurrection,"

00:19:30.019 --> 00:19:33.019
means that the reunion will be on the Day of Resurrection.

00:19:33.019 --> 00:19:36.019
The meaning is:

00:19:36.019 --> 00:19:39.019
"Be patient until that day."

00:19:39.019 --> 00:19:42.250
It is mentioned in Sahih al-Bukhari

00:19:42.250 --> 00:19:45.250
on the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

00:19:45.250 --> 00:19:48.250
When the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, became heavy,

00:19:48.250 --> 00:19:51.250
he began to be overcome [by the throes of death].

00:19:51.250 --> 00:19:54.250
Fatimah, peace be upon her, said:

00:19:54.250 --> 00:19:57.279
"O, the agony of my father!"

00:19:57.279 --> 00:20:00.279
He said to her: "There is no

00:20:00.279 --> 00:20:03.410
agony for your father after today."

00:20:03.410 --> 00:20:06.410
When he died, she said:

00:20:06.410 --> 00:20:09.500
"O my father, he has answered the Lord who called him.

00:20:09.500 --> 00:20:12.500
O my father, the Garden of

00:20:12.500 --> 00:20:15.500
Firdaws is his abode.

00:20:15.500 --> 00:20:18.500
O my father, to Jibril [we report his death]."

00:20:18.500 --> 00:20:21.630
When he was buried,

00:20:21.630 --> 00:20:24.630
Fatimah, peace be upon her, said:

00:20:24.630 --> 00:20:27.630
"O Anas, are you content

00:20:27.630 --> 00:20:30.630
to cast upon the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

00:20:30.630 --> 00:20:35.680
the dust?"

00:20:35.680 --> 00:20:38.680
It is narrated from Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both,

00:20:38.680 --> 00:20:41.680
that he heard the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

00:20:41.680 --> 00:20:44.710
say:

00:20:44.710 --> 00:20:47.710
"Whoever among my Ummah has two children who pass away before him,

00:20:48.710 --> 00:20:51.740
'A'ishah asked,

00:20:51.740 --> 00:20:54.740
"And what about one who has only one child who passes away before him from your Ummah?"

00:20:54.740 --> 00:20:57.740
He replied, "And whoever has one."

00:20:57.740 --> 00:21:00.869
"O you who are granted success!"

00:21:00.869 --> 00:21:03.869
She asked, "And what about one who has no child

00:21:03.869 --> 00:21:06.869
from your Ummah [who passes away before him]?"

00:21:06.869 --> 00:21:09.869
He said, "I am a forerunner for my Ummah;

00:21:09.869 --> 00:21:14.150
they will never be afflicted with a loss like the loss of me."

00:21:14.150 --> 00:21:17.150
In this hadith,

00:21:17.150 --> 00:21:20.150
the Prophet, peace be upon him, said:

00:21:20.150 --> 00:21:23.150
"Whoever among my Ummah has two children who pass away before him,

00:21:23.150 --> 00:21:26.150
Allah will admit him into Paradise because of them."

00:21:26.150 --> 00:21:29.150
The term *fart* (forerunner) originally

00:21:29.150 --> 00:21:32.150
refers to a man who goes ahead of a group and precedes them

00:21:32.150 --> 00:21:35.150
to find a suitable place for them.

00:21:35.150 --> 00:21:38.150
The intended meaning here

00:21:38.150 --> 00:21:41.150
is a young child.

00:21:41.150 --> 00:21:44.150
The meaning is that whoever loses two children before they reach puberty,

00:21:44.150 --> 00:21:47.150
and remains patient and seeks reward from Allah,

00:21:47.150 --> 00:21:50.150
Allah will admit him into Paradise because of them.

00:21:50.150 --> 00:21:53.150
'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, asked,

00:21:53.150 --> 00:21:56.150
"And what about one who has one child who passes away before him from your Ummah?"

00:21:56.150 --> 00:21:59.150
Meaning, one who has a single child [who passes away].

00:21:59.150 --> 00:22:02.150
Does the reward include him or not?

00:22:02.150 --> 00:22:05.150
The Prophet, peace be upon him, replied,

00:22:05.150 --> 00:22:08.150
"And whoever has one,

00:22:08.150 --> 00:22:11.150
O you who are granted success."

00:22:12.180 --> 00:22:15.180
His statement, peace be upon him,

00:22:15.180 --> 00:22:18.180
to 'A'ishah, "O you who are granted success,"

00:22:18.180 --> 00:22:21.180
means: you are guided to goodness,

00:22:21.180 --> 00:22:24.180
and to such beneficial and useful questions.

00:22:24.180 --> 00:22:27.180
This is one of the virtues of 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her;

00:22:27.180 --> 00:22:30.180
may Allah reward her with goodness.

00:22:30.180 --> 00:22:33.220
Her statement,

00:22:33.220 --> 00:22:36.220
"And what about one who has no child who passes away before him from your Ummah?"

00:22:36.220 --> 00:22:39.220
meaning, what is his status?

00:22:40.220 --> 00:22:43.220
The Prophet, peace be upon him, replied,

00:22:43.220 --> 00:22:46.220
"I am a forerunner for my Ummah;

00:22:46.220 --> 00:22:49.220
they will never be afflicted with a loss like the loss of me."

00:22:49.220 --> 00:22:52.220
This means that the affliction of the Ummah

00:22:52.220 --> 00:22:55.220
upon the loss of the Prophet, peace be upon him,

00:22:55.220 --> 00:22:58.220
is greater than the affliction of any person

00:22:58.220 --> 00:23:01.220
upon the loss of a child or more.

00:23:01.220 --> 00:23:04.220
So, whoever is afflicted with a calamity,

00:23:04.220 --> 00:23:07.220
such as the loss of one of their parents,

00:23:07.220 --> 00:23:10.220
or one of their siblings, or one of their children,

00:23:10.220 --> 00:23:13.220
or others,

00:23:13.220 --> 00:23:16.220
let them remember their affliction with the loss of the Prophet, peace be upon him,

00:23:16.220 --> 00:23:19.220
for it is the greatest of all calamities.

00:23:19.220 --> 00:23:22.220
This applies to everyone, whether they lived

00:23:22.220 --> 00:23:26.690
in his time or did not.

00:23:26.690 --> 00:23:29.690
The hadith has more to follow, if Allah wills.

00:23:29.690 --> 00:23:32.690
And Allah knows best.

00:23:32.690 --> 00:23:35.690
May the peace and blessings of Allah be upon our Prophet Muhammad.

00:23:35.690 --> 00:23:38.690
May the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him and all his companions.