WEBVTT 00:00:00.050 --> 00:00:03.549 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.549 --> 00:00:13.039 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. 00:00:13.039 --> 00:00:17.739 A Summary of the Prophetic biography (Seerah). 00:00:17.739 --> 00:00:23.089 Authored by Sheikh Musa bin Rashid al-Azimi. 00:00:23.089 --> 00:00:25.089 May Allah preserve him. 00:00:25.089 --> 00:00:30.210 The Change of the Qibla. 00:00:30.210 --> 00:00:34.710 The Qibla was changed from Bayt al-Maqdis to the Sacred Mosque (al-Masjid al-Haram). 00:00:34.710 --> 00:00:38.710 This occurred in the middle of Rajab in the second year after the Hijrah. 00:00:38.710 --> 00:00:40.710 Allah then revealed: 00:00:40.710 --> 00:00:45.710 “We have seen the turning of thy face to heaven (for guidance, O Muhammad). And now verily We shall make thee turn (in prayer) toward a qiblah which is dear to thee. So turn thy face toward the Inviolable Place of Worship, and ye (O Muslims), wheresoever ye may be, turn your faces (when ye pray) toward it. Lo! Those who have received the Scripture know that (this revelation) is the Truth from their Lord. And Allah is not unaware of what they do.” (2:144) 00:00:45.710 --> 00:00:51.210 "We will surely turn you to a qibla that will please you." 00:00:51.210 --> 00:00:55.710 "So turn your face toward the Sacred Mosque." 00:00:55.710 --> 00:01:01.210 "And wherever you [believers] are, turn your faces toward it." 00:01:01.210 --> 00:01:09.209 “We have seen the turning of thy face to heaven (for guidance, O Muhammad). And now verily We shall make thee turn (in prayer) toward a qiblah which is dear to thee. So turn thy face toward the Inviolable Place of Worship, and ye (O Muslims), wheresoever ye may be, turn your faces (when ye pray) toward it. Lo! Those who have received the Scripture know that (this revelation) is the Truth from their Lord. And Allah is not unaware of what they do.” (2:144) 00:01:09.209 --> 00:01:14.739 "And Allah is not unaware of what they do." 00:01:14.739 --> 00:01:18.739 Imam al-Bukhari and Muslim recorded in their respective Sahih collections: 00:01:18.739 --> 00:01:22.739 On the authority of al-Bara' Ibn 'Azib, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 00:01:22.739 --> 00:01:26.239 "We prayed with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him," 00:01:26.239 --> 00:01:28.239 "facing Bayt al-Maqdis" 00:01:28.239 --> 00:01:32.239 "for sixteen or seventeen months," 00:01:32.239 --> 00:01:35.239 "then we were turned toward the Ka'bah." 00:01:35.239 --> 00:01:38.739 Al-Hakim also recorded in al-Mustadrak with a hasan (sound) chain: 00:01:38.739 --> 00:01:42.239 On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 00:01:42.239 --> 00:01:46.739 "The first thing to be abrogated in the Qur'an, as far as we have been informed," 00:01:46.739 --> 00:01:49.739 "was the matter of the Qibla. Allah said:" 00:01:49.739 --> 00:01:52.739 "To Allah belong the east and the west." 00:01:52.739 --> 00:01:57.739 "So wherever you turn, there is the Face of Allah." 00:01:57.739 --> 00:02:01.739 “Unto Allah belong the East and the West, and whithersoever ye turn, there is Allah's Countenance. Lo! Allah is All-Embracing, All-Knowing.” (2:115) 00:02:01.739 --> 00:02:05.739 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, had been 00:02:05.739 --> 00:02:08.240 praying toward Bayt al-Maqdis, 00:02:08.240 --> 00:02:10.740 and had left the Ancient House (the Ka'bah). 00:02:10.740 --> 00:02:12.240 He said: 00:02:12.240 --> 00:02:16.240 “The foolish of the people will say: What hath turned them from the qiblah which they formerly observed? Say: Unto Allah belong the East and the West. He guideth whom He will unto a straight path.” (2:142) 00:02:16.240 --> 00:02:22.240 “The foolish of the people will say: What hath turned them from the qiblah which they formerly observed? Say: Unto Allah belong the East and the West. He guideth whom He will unto a straight path.” (2:142) 00:02:22.240 --> 00:02:24.740 referring to Bayt al-Maqdis. 00:02:24.740 --> 00:02:28.740 So He abrogated it, and Allah turned him toward the Ancient House. 00:02:28.740 --> 00:02:30.240 He said: 00:02:30.240 --> 00:02:36.240 "And from wherever you go out, turn your face toward the Sacred Mosque." 00:02:36.240 --> 00:02:41.740 "And wherever you are, turn your faces toward it." 00:02:41.740 --> 00:02:45.740 Imam Ibn al-Qayyim said regarding the words of the Almighty: 00:02:45.740 --> 00:02:49.740 "And wherever you are, turn your faces toward it." 00:02:49.740 --> 00:02:51.240 He said: 00:02:51.240 --> 00:02:55.740 "This indicates the command to face it in any place one happens to be." 00:02:55.740 --> 00:02:59.740 "The Almighty did not restrict the departure to a specific destination," 00:02:59.740 --> 00:03:03.240 "but rather made its destination absolute, just as He generalized its starting point." 00:03:03.240 --> 00:03:07.240 "So from wherever one departs, to whatever destination one goes," 00:03:07.240 --> 00:03:11.740 "whether for prayer, military expedition, Hajj, or otherwise," 00:03:11.740 --> 00:03:15.240 "one is commanded to face the Sacred Mosque," 00:03:15.240 --> 00:03:16.740 "both he and the Ummah." 00:03:16.740 --> 00:03:19.240 "And in whatever spot on earth they may be," 00:03:19.240 --> 00:03:22.740 "he and the Ummah are commanded to face it." 00:03:22.740 --> 00:03:26.740 "Thus, the two verses encompass all the states of the Ummah:" 00:03:26.740 --> 00:03:30.240 "in the beginning of their movement from wherever they depart," 00:03:30.240 --> 00:03:33.240 "in its destination to wherever they arrive," 00:03:33.240 --> 00:03:36.740 "and in their state of settlement wherever they may be." 00:03:36.740 --> 00:03:39.240 "This signifies the generality of the command" 00:03:39.240 --> 00:03:44.740 "to face it in the three states from which a servant is never free." 00:03:44.740 --> 00:03:46.740 Imam al-Suhayli said: 00:03:47.240 --> 00:03:49.240 "The Creator, the Almighty, repeated the command" 00:03:49.240 --> 00:03:53.240 "to turn toward the Sacred House in three verses," 00:03:53.240 --> 00:03:55.740 "because those who denied the change of the Qibla" 00:03:55.740 --> 00:03:58.740 "consisted of three categories of people:" 00:03:58.740 --> 00:04:01.240 "First, the Jews," 00:04:01.240 --> 00:04:05.740 "because they do not believe in abrogation as a principle of their creed." 00:04:05.740 --> 00:04:09.240 "Second, the people of doubt and hypocrisy," 00:04:09.240 --> 00:04:11.740 "whose denial of it was intense," 00:04:11.740 --> 00:04:14.810 "because it was the first abrogation to be revealed." 00:04:14.810 --> 00:04:15.810 "Third," 00:04:15.810 --> 00:04:17.810 "the disbelievers of Quraysh," 00:04:17.810 --> 00:04:19.810 "because they said:" 00:04:19.810 --> 00:04:22.810 "'Muhammad has regretted leaving our religion,'" 00:04:22.810 --> 00:04:26.810 "'so he will return to it just as he returned to our Qibla.'" 00:04:33.319 --> 00:04:35.819 The fasting of the month of Ramadan was made obligatory 00:04:35.819 --> 00:04:38.319 in the second year after the Hijrah. 00:04:38.319 --> 00:04:41.819 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, passed away 00:04:41.819 --> 00:04:44.819 having fasted nine Ramadans. 00:04:44.819 --> 00:04:46.819 Allah the Almighty said: 00:04:46.819 --> 00:04:49.819 "O you who have believed," 00:04:49.819 --> 00:04:51.819 "fasting is prescribed for you," 00:04:51.819 --> 00:04:56.819 “O ye who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you, even as it was prescribed for those before you, that ye may ward off (evil);” (2:183) 00:04:56.819 --> 00:04:59.819 “O ye who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you, even as it was prescribed for those before you, that ye may ward off (evil);” (2:183) 00:04:59.819 --> 00:05:02.819 "that you may become righteous." 00:05:02.819 --> 00:05:06.819 It was the guidance of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:05:06.819 --> 00:05:08.819 in the month of Ramadan 00:05:08.819 --> 00:05:11.819 to increase in all types of acts of worship. 00:05:11.819 --> 00:05:15.819 Gabriel used to study the Qur'an with him during Ramadan. 00:05:15.819 --> 00:05:17.819 And when he met Gabriel, 00:05:17.819 --> 00:05:20.819 he was more generous in doing good than a sent wind. 00:05:20.819 --> 00:05:22.819 He was the most generous of people, 00:05:22.819 --> 00:05:25.819 and he was at his most generous during Ramadan, 00:05:25.819 --> 00:05:28.819 increasing his charity, benevolence, 00:05:28.819 --> 00:05:30.819 recitation of the Qur'an, 00:05:30.819 --> 00:05:33.819 prayer, remembrance, and i'tikaf (seclusion in the mosque). 00:05:33.819 --> 00:05:35.819 Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir said: 00:05:35.819 --> 00:05:37.819 "Allah the Almighty says," 00:05:37.819 --> 00:05:40.819 "addressing the believers of this Ummah," 00:05:40.819 --> 00:05:42.819 "and commanding them to fast," 00:05:42.819 --> 00:05:46.819 "which is to abstain from food, drink, and sexual intercourse," 00:05:46.819 --> 00:05:50.819 "with a sincere intention for Allah, the Mighty and Majestic," 00:05:50.819 --> 00:05:54.819 "due to the purification and cleansing of the soul it provides," 00:05:54.819 --> 00:05:57.819 "and its refinement from base traits" 00:05:57.819 --> 00:05:59.819 "and ignoble characteristics." 00:05:59.819 --> 00:06:04.259 A Summary of the Prophetic biography (Seerah). 00:06:04.259 --> 00:06:10.259 If the longing of the worlds for one another grows long, 00:06:11.259 --> 00:06:18.970 the longing for you is of an extent that cannot be encompassed. 00:06:18.970 --> 00:06:24.970 May Allah send blessings upon you as long as the call to prayer is raised, 00:06:24.970 --> 00:06:33.339 and your lips move with the remainder.