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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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The Ifadah Center

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for Human Studies and Research

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presents:

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A Summary of Sahih al-Bukhari.

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Chapter: Encouraging Archery.

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On the authority of Salamah ibn al-Akwa' (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:

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The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) passed by a group of the Aslam tribe who were competing in target shooting.

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So the Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

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"Shoot, O sons of Ishmael, for your father was an archer!

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Shoot, and I am with such-and-such a team."

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He said: Upon hearing this, one of the two teams stopped shooting.

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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) asked:

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"What is the matter with you? Why are you not shooting?"

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They replied, "How can we shoot when you are with them?"

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The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

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"Shoot! I am with all of you."

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Commentary on the Hadith:

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"Encouraging" means urging and inspiring.

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"Competing in target shooting" means racing against one another in archery.

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"One of the two teams stopped shooting"

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means they refrained and held back from shooting.

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Benefits derived from the hadith:

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Among the lessons drawn from this hadith:

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The term "father" can be applied to a grandfather, no matter how far back the lineage goes.

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It establishes the permissibility of holding archery competitions.

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It highlights the command to learn horsemanship and martial skills and the encouragement toward them,

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especially archery.

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On the authority of Abu Usaid (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:

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The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to us on the day of Badr,

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and in another narration:

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when we lined up against Quraysh and they lined up against us:

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"If they draw near to you—"

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meaning, if they come close to you in large numbers—

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"—then shoot at them,

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but conserve your arrows."

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Commentary on the Hadith:

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"If they draw near to you"

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means if they approach and come close to you.

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"Conserve your arrows"

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means do not shoot at them while they are still far away,

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as that would waste arrows unnecessarily.

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Benefits derived from the hadith:

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Among the lessons drawn from this hadith:

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Guidance on effective tactical planning in warfare.

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The hadith contains an indication that wasting resources is disliked.

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Chapter: Playing with Spears and Similar Weapons.

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On the authority of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:

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While some Abyssinians were playing with their spears in the presence of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him),

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'Umar entered,

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reached down for some pebbles, and threw them at the Abyssinians.

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But the Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

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"Leave them be, O 'Umar!"

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Commentary on the Hadith:

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"Abyssinians" refers to a well-known ethnic group from East Africa.

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"Reached down" means he reached out with the intention of grabbing pebbles.

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"Threw them" means he pelted them with pebbles.

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Benefits derived from the hadith:

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Among the lessons drawn from this hadith:

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The permissibility of weapon play with spears,

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so that it serves as training and preparation for facing the enemy.

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If a person makes an independent judgment based on interpretation and commits an error,

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no blame attaches to him,

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because the Prophet (peace be upon him)

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did not censure 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him),

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since he had acted out of a well-intentioned interpretation.

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The hadith indicates that one should not rush to denounce an action

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until the religious ruling regarding it is clearly known.

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Chapter: The Shield,

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and using a companion's shield for protection.

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On the authority of 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:

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The properties of Banu al-Nadir were

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among the spoils that Allah bestowed upon His Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)

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without the Muslims having to spur horses or riding-camels against them.

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Thus, they belonged exclusively to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him).

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He would allocate from them a year's provision for his family,

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and whatever remained he would devote to arms and horses as equipment for the cause of Allah.

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Commentary on the Hadith:

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"The shield" is a protective weapon that conceals and covers its bearer.

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"Bestowed as spoils"

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refers to wealth obtained by Muslims from disbelievers without actual fighting.

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"Without spurring"

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means they did not have to make strenuous exertion or effort to acquire it.

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"Riding-camels"

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refers specifically to camels used for riding.

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"A year's provision"

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means sufficient living expenses for a full year.

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"Horses"

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refers specifically to horses used in war.

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"Equipment"

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means preparation and military readiness.

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Benefits derived from the hadith:

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Among the lessons drawn from this hadith:

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The permissibility of setting aside a full year's living expenses in advance.

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Taking worldly means does not contradict reliance upon Allah, the Mighty and Sublime.

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On the authority of 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:

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I never heard the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) invoke both his parents for anyone

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except for Sa'd ibn Malik.

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For I heard him say on the day of Uhud:

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"Shoot, O Sa'd!

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May my father and mother be ransomed for you!"

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Commentary on the Hadith:

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"Sa'd ibn Malik"

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refers to Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him).

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"Shoot! May my father and mother be ransomed for you!"

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Offering one's parents as a ransom in speech is an expression of affection, honor, and deep affection,

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and an indication of the Prophet's love for him.

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Benefits derived from the hadith:

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The hadith highlights a great merit of Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him),

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as the Prophet (peace be upon him) offered his own parents as a ransom for him.

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It contains an encouragement toward archery and an explanation of its virtue.

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Chapter: What Has Been Said Regarding the Adornment of Swords.

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On the authority of Abu Umamah, who said:

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A people achieved great victories

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whose swords were not adorned with gold or silver,

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but rather their adornments were sinew, lead, and iron.

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Commentary on the Hadith:

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"Adornment" refers to whatever is used for embellishment.

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"Sinew" refers to animal tendons,

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which are taken while moist, bound tightly around the sword hilt,

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and left until they dry.

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"Lead" refers to ordinary lead metal.

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Benefits derived from the hadith:

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Among the lessons drawn from this hadith:

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An exposition of the modest means and poverty experienced by the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them).

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Guidance to make use of whatever simple means are readily available.

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Chapter: Hanging One's Sword on a Tree During a Midday Rest While Traveling.

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On the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him and his father),

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that he participated in a campaign alongside the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) toward Najd.

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When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) returned, Jabir returned with him.

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Midday overtook them in a valley dense with thorny trees,

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so the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) dismounted,

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and the people dispersed to seek shade under the trees.

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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) dismounted beneath an acacia tree

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and hung his sword from it.

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We slept for a short while,

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when suddenly the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was calling us,

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and there was a Bedouin sitting before him.

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The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "This man unsheathed my sword against me while I was asleep.

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I woke up to find it drawn in his hand,

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and he asked me: 'Who will protect you from me?'

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I replied: 'Allah!' three times."

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In another narration: The Bedouin then sheathed the sword,

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and the Prophet (peace be upon him) did not punish him, but remained sitting.

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Commentary on the Hadith:

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"Toward" means in the direction of.

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"Returned" means he turned back from the expedition.

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"Midday rest" refers to sleeping during the middle of the day.

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"Thorny trees" refers to large trees with sharp thorns.

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"Acacia tree" is a well-known type of desert tree.

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The Bedouin's name was Ghawrath ibn al-Harith;

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it is also said to be Ghawrak, among other opinions.

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"Unsheathed" means he pulled the sword from its scabbard.

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"Drawn" means brandishing the sword with intent to strike.

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"Sheathed the sword" means he put it back into its scabbard;

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it can also mean drawing a sword,

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making it one of the contronyms in Arabic vocabulary.

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Benefits derived from the hadith:

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Among the lessons drawn from this hadith:

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A demonstration of the supreme courage of the Prophet (peace be upon him)

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and the perfection of his reliance upon Allah.

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A warrior is permitted to sleep and put down his weapon when feeling secure.

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An indication of the permissibility of guarding the leader during midday rest and at other times.

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A leader may choose to forgo punishing someone who acts harshly or threatens him.

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The recommendation of pardoning those who act out of ignorance.

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Chapter: What Has Been Said Regarding the Prophet's Chainmail Coat

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and Shirt During Battle.

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On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father),

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that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)

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said while inside a dome tent on the day of Badr:

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"O Allah, I beseech You by Your covenant and Your promise!

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O Allah, if You will [our destruction], You will not be worshipped after this day."

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Abu Bakr took him by the hand and said:

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"That is sufficient, O Messenger of Allah!

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You have pressed your entreaty to your Lord."

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The Prophet (peace be upon him) was moving energetically while wearing his chainmail coat,

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and he emerged reciting:

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“The hosts will all be routed and will turn and flee.” (54:45)

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Commentary on the Hadith:

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"In a dome tent" means inside a small hide tent.

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"I beseech You" means I implore You.

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"That is sufficient" means that is enough for you.

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"You have pressed your entreaty" means you have supplicated intensely and at length.

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"Moving energetically while wearing his chainmail coat"

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means he was wearing his chainmail securely and moving with vigor.

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“The hosts will all be routed and will turn and flee.” (54:45)

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That is, Allah Almighty routed the largest enemy host on the day of Badr,

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killing their chief leaders and elders, thereby humiliating them,

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and Allah granted victory to His religion, His Prophet, and His believing party.

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Benefits derived from the hadith:

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Among the lessons drawn from this hadith:

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The obligation of turning sincerely to Allah and offering earnest supplication when meeting the enemy.

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The commendability of being persistent in supplication.

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The obligation of employing both material preparation and spiritual means in warfare.

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Complete certainty in the ultimate victory granted by Allah Almighty.

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A demonstration of the excellence and profound understanding of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him).

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Chapter: Wearing Silk in Warfare.

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On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him),

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that 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Auf and al-Zubayr

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complained to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)

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Namely, lice.

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So he granted the two of them a concession to wear silk.

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In another narration:

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Wearing a shirt of silk,

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Due to an itching condition they suffered from.

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And I saw them wearing it during a military expedition.

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Commentary on the Hadith:

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"So he granted the two of them a concession to wear silk"

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Meaning, he permitted them to wear it due to an ailment and necessity.

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Benefits derived from the Hadith:

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Among the points learned from the hadith:

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The permissibility of wearing silk due to an ailment or necessity.

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It also indicates that if a person is afflicted with an illness such as severe itching,

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They may wear silk as a medical remedy,

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Whereby the underlying cause for its prohibition no longer applies.

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The hadith further points to the principle that necessity renders prohibited things permissible.

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Chapter: What Has Been Said Regarding Fighting the Byzantines

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On the authority of Umm Haram,

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That she heard the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say:

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"The first army from my Ummah to undertake a naval expedition

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Have assuredly rendered Paradise binding upon themselves."

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Umm Haram said:

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I asked, "O Messenger of Allah,

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Am I among them?"

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He said:

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"You are among them."

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Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

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"The first army from my Ummah to raid the city of Caesar

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Shall be forgiven."

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I asked:

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"Am I among them, O Messenger of Allah?"

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He replied, "No."

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Commentary on the Hadith:

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"Have assuredly rendered Paradise binding upon themselves"

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Meaning, they have performed an act that merits Paradise for them.

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Umm Haram is the daughter of Milhan,

237
00:13:17,870 --> 00:13:22,269
And she was an unmarriageable relative (*mahram*) of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).

238
00:13:22,269 --> 00:13:24,070
"The city of Caesar"

239
00:13:24,110 --> 00:13:27,179
Refers to Constantinople.

240
00:13:27,179 --> 00:13:29,980
"I asked, 'Am I among them, O Messenger of Allah?' He replied, 'No.'"

241
00:13:29,980 --> 00:13:31,419
He replied, "No."

242
00:13:31,419 --> 00:13:37,830
This indicates that the conquest of Constantinople would occur after the naval expedition.

243
00:13:37,830 --> 00:13:41,299
Benefits derived from the Hadith:

244
00:13:41,299 --> 00:13:43,940
The hadith is among the proofs of prophethood,

245
00:13:43,940 --> 00:13:46,899
As the naval expedition for military campaign indeed came to pass.

246
00:13:46,899 --> 00:13:50,840
It also highlights the permissibility of wishing to participate in military expeditions and attain martyrdom.

247
00:13:50,840 --> 00:13:55,240
Furthermore, the hadith points to the virtue of Mu'awiyah (may Allah be pleased with him)

248
00:13:55,279 --> 00:13:56,879
And constitutes a merit attributed to him,

249
00:13:56,879 --> 00:14:01,820
As he was the first to lead a naval campaign.

250
00:14:01,820 --> 00:14:05,100
Chapter: Fighting the Jews

251
00:14:05,100 --> 00:14:08,539
On the authority of 'Abdullah Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father),

252
00:14:08,539 --> 00:14:12,740
That the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:

253
00:14:12,740 --> 00:14:15,100
"You shall fight the Jews,"

254
00:14:15,100 --> 00:14:16,580
In another narration:

255
00:14:16,580 --> 00:14:18,500
"The Jews shall fight you,

256
00:14:18,500 --> 00:14:21,019
But you will be given mastery over them,

257
00:14:21,019 --> 00:14:24,580
To the extent that one of them will hide behind a rock,

258
00:14:24,580 --> 00:14:25,740
And it will say:

259
00:14:25,740 --> 00:14:27,620
'O servant of Allah,

260
00:14:28,460 --> 00:14:30,139
O Muslim,

261
00:14:30,139 --> 00:14:33,899
Here is a Jew behind me, so come and kill him!'"

262
00:14:33,899 --> 00:14:37,250
And on the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him),

263
00:14:37,250 --> 00:14:41,409
From the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), who said:

264
00:14:41,409 --> 00:14:45,690
"The Hour shall not arrive until you fight the Jews,

265
00:14:45,690 --> 00:14:49,409
Until the rock says, behind which the Jew is hiding:

266
00:14:49,409 --> 00:14:50,929
'O Muslim,

267
00:14:50,929 --> 00:14:54,570
Here is a Jew behind me, so come and kill him!'"

268
00:14:54,570 --> 00:14:58,179
Commentary on the Hadith:

269
00:14:59,080 --> 00:15:01,120
"Chapter: Fighting the Jews"

270
00:15:01,120 --> 00:15:04,100
An allusion to their enmity.

271
00:15:04,100 --> 00:15:07,340
"To the extent that one of them will hide behind a rock"

272
00:15:07,340 --> 00:15:09,970
Meaning, seeking refuge to avoid being killed.

273
00:15:09,970 --> 00:15:13,370
"Until the rock says, behind which the Jew is hiding: 'O Muslim, here is a Jew behind me, so come and kill him!'"

274
00:15:13,370 --> 00:15:17,370
The rock will literally speak in reality.

275
00:15:17,370 --> 00:15:20,690
Benefits derived from the Hadith:

276
00:15:20,690 --> 00:15:24,259
The hadith points to the remaining application

277
00:15:24,259 --> 00:15:26,539
Of the sacred law of our Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him),

278
00:15:26,580 --> 00:15:31,179
For Jesus (peace be upon him) will judge according to it.

279
00:15:31,179 --> 00:15:34,779
The hadith is also among the signs of prophethood,

280
00:15:34,779 --> 00:15:37,379
As it foretold future events involving the speech of inanimate objects.

281
00:15:37,379 --> 00:15:41,419
It also indicates the corruption of the religions of the Jews and Christians.

282
00:15:41,419 --> 00:15:48,110
Chapter: Fighting the Turks

283
00:15:48,110 --> 00:15:51,129
On the authority of 'Amr Ibn Taghlib, who said:

284
00:15:51,129 --> 00:15:53,649
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:

285
00:15:53,649 --> 00:15:56,970
"Indeed, among the portents of the Hour

286
00:15:57,009 --> 00:15:59,370
Is that you will fight a people who wear footwear made of hair.

287
00:15:59,370 --> 00:16:03,970
And indeed, among the portents of the Hour

288
00:16:03,970 --> 00:16:06,370
Is that you will fight a broad-faced people,

289
00:16:06,370 --> 00:16:09,769
Whose faces resemble hammered shields."

290
00:16:09,769 --> 00:16:14,070
Commentary on the Hadith:

291
00:16:14,070 --> 00:16:17,419
"Among the portents of the Hour"

292
00:16:17,419 --> 00:16:19,259
Meaning, among the signs of the Day of Resurrection.

293
00:16:19,259 --> 00:16:22,340
"Who wear footwear made of hair"

294
00:16:22,340 --> 00:16:24,779
Meaning, they fashion footwear out of animal hair,

295
00:16:24,779 --> 00:16:27,659
Due to the abundance of snow in their lands.

296
00:16:27,659 --> 00:16:31,059
"Broad-faced people," meaning wide-faced.

297
00:16:31,059 --> 00:16:34,559
"Shields (*al-majan*)," plural of *mijan*, meaning a shield.

298
00:16:34,559 --> 00:16:38,700
"Hammered (*al-mutraqah*)," meaning covered with leather.

299
00:16:38,700 --> 00:16:43,059
Benefits derived from the Hadith:

300
00:16:43,059 --> 00:16:46,759
The hadith is among the signs of prophethood,

301
00:16:46,759 --> 00:16:49,320
As it foretold a future event that would take place.

302
00:16:49,320 --> 00:16:52,220
It is said that what the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) foretold

303
00:16:52,220 --> 00:16:56,600
Indeed occurred in the year 617 AH,

304
00:16:56,600 --> 00:17:01,000
When a vast army emerged from the lands of the Turks,

305
00:17:01,000 --> 00:17:04,400
Killing and spreading slaughter across the Islamic lands.

306
00:17:04,400 --> 00:17:10,180
On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him),

307
00:17:10,180 --> 00:17:12,859
From the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said:

308
00:17:12,859 --> 00:17:16,759
"The Hour shall not arrive until you fight a people whose footwear is made of hair,

309
00:17:16,759 --> 00:17:22,259
And until you fight the Turks."

310
00:17:22,259 --> 00:17:25,089
In another narration:

311
00:17:25,089 --> 00:17:26,490
"Until you fight non-Arabs from the people of Khuz and Kirman:

312
00:17:26,490 --> 00:17:31,250
Small-eyed,

313
00:17:31,250 --> 00:17:33,049
Red-faced,

314
00:17:33,049 --> 00:17:34,549
Flat-nosed."

315
00:17:34,549 --> 00:17:36,430
In another narration:

316
00:17:36,430 --> 00:17:37,789
"Snub-nosed,

317
00:17:37,789 --> 00:17:39,890
Whose faces resemble hammered shields.

318
00:17:39,890 --> 00:17:43,789
And you will find the best of people to be those who hate this matter [of leadership] most,

319
00:17:43,789 --> 00:17:48,690
Until they fall into it.

320
00:17:48,690 --> 00:17:50,829
And people are like mines of metals;

321
00:17:50,829 --> 00:17:52,769
The best of them in the pre-Islamic era are the best of them in Islam,

322
00:17:52,769 --> 00:17:57,289
Provided they gain sound religious understanding (*fipq*)."

323
00:17:57,289 --> 00:17:58,670
In another narration:

324
00:17:58,670 --> 00:18:00,529
"If they gain sound religious understanding.

325
00:18:00,529 --> 00:18:03,730
A time will surely come upon one of you

326
00:18:03,730 --> 00:18:10,349
When seeing me will be dearer to him than having the equivalent of his family and wealth."

327
00:18:10,349 --> 00:18:13,599
Commentary on the Hadith:

328
00:18:13,599 --> 00:18:15,099
"Red-faced"

329
00:18:15,099 --> 00:18:18,740
Meaning fair-skinned with a reddish complexion.

330
00:18:18,740 --> 00:18:20,380
"Flat-nosed (*dhalf al-anuf*)"

331
00:18:20,380 --> 00:18:21,579
*Al-adhlaf*

332
00:18:21,599 --> 00:18:24,539
Is one with a small nose and a flattened tip,

333
00:18:24,539 --> 00:18:26,569
Which is synonymous with being snub-nosed (*fatas*).

334
00:18:26,569 --> 00:18:27,869
"And you will find"

335
00:18:27,869 --> 00:18:29,670
Meaning, you will encounter.

336
00:18:29,670 --> 00:18:31,130
"The best of people"

337
00:18:31,130 --> 00:18:33,130
Meaning, the most virtuous among them.

338
00:18:33,130 --> 00:18:34,470
"This matter"

339
00:18:34,470 --> 00:18:36,970
Meaning, leadership and governance.

340
00:18:36,970 --> 00:18:38,849
"Until they fall into it"

341
00:18:38,849 --> 00:18:41,980
Meaning, until people compel them to assume it.

342
00:18:41,980 --> 00:18:43,920
"Khuz and Kirman"

343
00:18:43,920 --> 00:18:46,880
Are two cities in the land of Persia,

344
00:18:46,880 --> 00:18:50,269
Both located today in present-day Iran.

345
00:18:50,309 --> 00:18:53,839
Benefits derived from the Hadith:

346
00:18:53,839 --> 00:18:56,000
Among the points learned from the hadith:

347
00:18:56,000 --> 00:19:00,119
That individuals possessing honor and noble character in the pre-Islamic era,

348
00:19:00,119 --> 00:19:02,200
When they accept Islam and gain sound religious understanding,

349
00:19:02,200 --> 00:19:04,400
Become the best of people.

350
00:19:04,400 --> 00:19:10,799
The hadith also contains an admonition against eager ambition for leadership.

351
00:19:10,799 --> 00:19:16,160
Chapter: Supplicating Against the Polytheists for Defeat and Destruction

352
00:19:16,160 --> 00:19:19,279
On the authority of 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:

353
00:19:19,279 --> 00:19:21,599
On the Day of the Confederates (*Al-Ahzab*),

354
00:19:21,640 --> 00:19:25,319
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:

355
00:19:25,319 --> 00:19:29,119
"May Allah fill their houses and graves with fire,

356
00:19:29,119 --> 00:19:34,200
Just as they distracted us from the middle prayer until the sun set."

357
00:19:34,200 --> 00:19:38,049
In another narration: "They detained us."

358
00:19:38,049 --> 00:19:41,440
Commentary on the Hadith:

359
00:19:41,440 --> 00:19:44,640
"Their houses," meaning while they are alive;

360
00:19:44,640 --> 00:19:48,519
"And their graves," meaning while they are dead.

361
00:19:48,519 --> 00:19:51,720
"They distracted us," meaning through engaging us in battle,

362
00:19:51,720 --> 00:19:56,140
"From the middle prayer," which is the 'Asr prayer.

363
00:19:56,140 --> 00:19:59,799
Benefits derived from the Hadith:

364
00:19:59,799 --> 00:20:03,079
The hadith specifically identifies the middle prayer.

365
00:20:03,079 --> 00:20:10,349
It also highlights the imperative of maintaining the performance of prayer within its prescribed time.

366
00:20:10,349 --> 00:20:13,230
On the authority of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her),

367
00:20:13,230 --> 00:20:18,309
That some Jews came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and said:

368
00:20:18,309 --> 00:20:20,390
"Death be upon you (*As-Samu 'alaykum*)."

369
00:20:20,390 --> 00:20:22,190
'A'ishah said:

370
00:20:22,190 --> 00:20:23,390
"Upon you,

371
00:20:23,390 --> 00:20:25,029
And may Allah curse you

372
00:20:25,029 --> 00:20:27,549
And send His wrath upon you!"

373
00:20:27,549 --> 00:20:28,589
He said:

374
00:20:28,589 --> 00:20:30,670
"Gently, O 'A'ishah!

375
00:20:30,670 --> 00:20:32,470
You must adhere to gentleness,

376
00:20:32,470 --> 00:20:35,349
And beware of harshness and vulgarity."

377
00:20:35,349 --> 00:20:36,789
In another narration:

378
00:20:36,789 --> 00:20:41,369
"Indeed, Allah is Gentle and loves gentleness in all matters."

379
00:20:41,369 --> 00:20:42,490
She said:

380
00:20:42,490 --> 00:20:44,970
"Did you not hear what they said?"

381
00:20:44,970 --> 00:20:46,009
He replied:

382
00:20:46,009 --> 00:20:48,490
"Did you not hear what I said?

383
00:20:48,490 --> 00:20:49,809
In another narration:

384
00:20:49,809 --> 00:20:52,210
'I said: And upon you.'

385
00:20:52,210 --> 00:20:54,089
I returned it upon them,

386
00:20:54,089 --> 00:20:56,210
So my supplication against them will be answered,

387
00:20:56,210 --> 00:20:59,730
While theirs against me will not be answered."

388
00:20:59,730 --> 00:21:03,039
Commentary on the Hadith:

389
00:21:03,039 --> 00:21:05,519
"*As-Sam*" means death.

390
00:21:05,519 --> 00:21:07,079
"May Allah curse you"

391
00:21:07,079 --> 00:21:10,240
Meaning, may Allah banish you from His mercy.

392
00:21:10,240 --> 00:21:12,160
"Gently, O 'A'ishah!"

393
00:21:12,160 --> 00:21:14,079
Meaning, compose yourself and do not rush.

394
00:21:14,079 --> 00:21:15,799
"You must adhere to gentleness"

395
00:21:15,799 --> 00:21:17,799
Meaning, leniency.

396
00:21:17,799 --> 00:21:19,640
"And beware of harshness"

397
00:21:19,640 --> 00:21:23,200
Meaning, guard against severity, hardness, and roughness.

398
00:21:23,240 --> 00:21:24,359
"And vulgarity"

399
00:21:24,359 --> 00:21:27,160
That is, foul or obscene speech.

400
00:21:27,160 --> 00:21:30,829
Among the benefits derived from the hadith:

401
00:21:30,829 --> 00:21:32,789
It is learned from the hadith

402
00:21:32,789 --> 00:21:36,430
That the People of the Book are not to be initiated with the greeting of peace.

403
00:21:36,430 --> 00:21:40,589
In it is an indication that the condition of the Jews is built upon treachery and deceit,

404
00:21:40,589 --> 00:21:46,480
Thus, it is obligatory to be on guard against them in both word and deed.

405
00:21:46,480 --> 00:21:51,759
Chapter: Supplicating for the Guidance of the Polytheists to Win Their Hearts.

406
00:21:51,759 --> 00:21:55,200
On the authority of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him), he said:

407
00:21:55,240 --> 00:22:01,720
Al-Tufail ibn 'Amr al-Dawsi and his companions came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him),

408
00:22:01,720 --> 00:22:02,960
And they said:

409
00:22:02,960 --> 00:22:04,759
"O Messenger of Allah!

410
00:22:04,759 --> 00:22:07,599
Indeed, the tribe of Daws has disobeyed and refused,

411
00:22:07,599 --> 00:22:10,079
So supplicate to Allah against them."

412
00:22:10,079 --> 00:22:11,200
Whereupon it was said:

413
00:22:11,200 --> 00:22:13,160
"Daws is destroyed!"

414
00:22:13,160 --> 00:22:14,359
But he said:

415
00:22:14,359 --> 00:22:18,450
"O Allah, guide Daws and bring them [to Islam]."

416
00:22:18,450 --> 00:22:21,809
Commentary on the hadith:

417
00:22:21,809 --> 00:22:23,529
"Indeed, Daws"—

418
00:22:23,569 --> 00:22:27,289
Daws is one of the tribes of Yemen.

419
00:22:27,289 --> 00:22:28,930
"Disobeyed and refused"—

420
00:22:28,930 --> 00:22:31,690
Meaning, they did not accept Islam.

421
00:22:31,690 --> 00:22:35,529
"And bring them," meaning as Muslims.

422
00:22:35,529 --> 00:22:39,089
Among the benefits derived from the hadith:

423
00:22:39,089 --> 00:22:41,049
It is learned from the hadith

424
00:22:41,049 --> 00:22:45,650
The legitimacy of supplicating for the disbelievers in the hope of their guidance.

425
00:22:45,650 --> 00:22:53,500
In it is a demonstration of the Prophet's mercy (peace be upon him) to all people.

426
00:22:53,539 --> 00:22:59,380
Chapter: The Prophet's Call of the People to Islam and Prophethood.

427
00:22:59,380 --> 00:23:05,039
“Say: O People of the Scripture! Come to an agreement between us and you: that we shall worship none but Allah, and that we shall ascribe no partner unto Him, and that none of us shall take others for lords beside Allah. And if they turn away, then say: Bear witness that we are they who have surrendered (unto Him).” (3:64)

428
00:23:05,039 --> 00:23:07,920
On the authority of Sahl ibn Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him),

429
00:23:07,920 --> 00:23:13,039
That the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said on the day of Khaybar:

430
00:23:13,039 --> 00:23:18,440
"Tomorrow I shall surely give this banner to a man at whose hands Allah will grant victory,

431
00:23:18,440 --> 00:23:20,599
Who loves Allah and His Messenger,

432
00:23:20,599 --> 00:23:23,480
And whom Allah and His Messenger love."

433
00:23:23,519 --> 00:23:29,559
He said: The people spent their night debating which of them would be given it.

434
00:23:29,559 --> 00:23:31,599
When morning came upon the people,

435
00:23:31,599 --> 00:23:35,119
They went early to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him),

436
00:23:35,119 --> 00:23:38,240
Every one of them hoping to be given it.

437
00:23:38,240 --> 00:23:42,200
He said: "Where is 'Ali ibn Abi Talib?"

438
00:23:42,200 --> 00:23:46,759
It was said: "O Messenger of Allah, he is suffering from an ailment in his eyes."

439
00:23:46,759 --> 00:23:49,480
He said: "Send for him."

440
00:23:49,480 --> 00:23:50,960
So he was brought,

441
00:23:51,000 --> 00:23:56,519
And the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) spat in his eyes and supplicated for him,

442
00:23:56,519 --> 00:24:00,440
And he was healed as if he had never had any pain.

443
00:24:00,440 --> 00:24:02,640
Then he gave him the banner.

444
00:24:02,640 --> 00:24:04,079
Thereupon 'Ali said:

445
00:24:04,079 --> 00:24:05,680
"O Messenger of Allah,

446
00:24:05,680 --> 00:24:09,200
Shall I fight them until they become like us?"

447
00:24:09,200 --> 00:24:10,440
He replied:

448
00:24:10,440 --> 00:24:14,759
"Proceed steadily until you alight in their territory,

449
00:24:14,759 --> 00:24:17,039
Then call them to Islam,

450
00:24:17,039 --> 00:24:21,440
And inform them of what is obligatory upon them regarding Allah's rights therein.

451
00:24:21,440 --> 00:24:25,400
For by Allah, if Allah guides a single man through you,

452
00:24:25,400 --> 00:24:30,359
It is better for you than possessing red camels."

453
00:24:30,359 --> 00:24:33,869
Commentary on the hadith:

454
00:24:33,869 --> 00:24:39,430
Chapter: The Prophet's Call of the People to Islam and Prophethood.

455
00:24:39,430 --> 00:24:43,789
“Say: O People of the Scripture! Come to an agreement between us and you: that we shall worship none but Allah, and that we shall ascribe no partner unto Him, and that none of us shall take others for lords beside Allah. And if they turn away, then say: Bear witness that we are they who have surrendered (unto Him).” (3:64)

456
00:24:43,829 --> 00:24:48,470
That is, human beings and all creation are within the realm of servanthood;

457
00:24:48,470 --> 00:24:52,789
None of them deserves any of the attributes of Lordship,

458
00:24:52,789 --> 00:24:55,740
Nor any of the characteristics of Divinity.

459
00:24:55,740 --> 00:24:58,180
"The banner," meaning the flag.

460
00:24:58,180 --> 00:25:01,660
"Spent their night debating," meaning they engaged in deep discussion regarding it,

461
00:25:01,660 --> 00:25:05,900
Exchanging views on who among them would be chosen for it.

462
00:25:05,900 --> 00:25:08,460
"Hoping," meaning wishing for it.

463
00:25:08,460 --> 00:25:11,859
"Suffering from an ailment in his eyes," meaning conjunctivitis (ophthalmia).

464
00:25:12,819 --> 00:25:14,460
Meaning: so he was brought forward.

465
00:25:14,460 --> 00:25:17,180
"Spat," meaning he blew lightly with saliva.

466
00:25:17,180 --> 00:25:19,819
"Was healed," meaning he was cured.

467
00:25:19,819 --> 00:25:22,250
"Pain," meaning an affliction.

468
00:25:22,250 --> 00:25:24,490
"Until they become like us,"

469
00:25:24,490 --> 00:25:28,009
Meaning: until they become Muslims like us.

470
00:25:28,009 --> 00:25:29,890
"Proceed steadily,"

471
00:25:29,890 --> 00:25:33,759
Meaning: do not rush the matter, and proceed with calmness and gentleness,

472
00:25:33,759 --> 00:25:36,039
"Until you alight in their territory,"

473
00:25:36,039 --> 00:25:38,200
Meaning: close to them.

474
00:25:38,200 --> 00:25:40,319
"Then call them to Islam,"

475
00:25:40,440 --> 00:25:42,799
Meaning: the religion of pure monotheism.

476
00:25:42,799 --> 00:25:46,640
"And inform them of what is obligatory upon them regarding Allah's rights therein,"

477
00:25:46,640 --> 00:25:49,920
Meaning: performing acts of obedience, avoiding acts of disobedience,

478
00:25:49,920 --> 00:25:52,900
And adhering to Islamic etiquette.

479
00:25:52,900 --> 00:25:54,339
"Red camels,"

480
00:25:54,339 --> 00:25:58,109
Meaning: the most expensive, precious, and prized of them.

481
00:25:58,109 --> 00:26:01,839
Among the benefits derived from the hadith:

482
00:26:01,839 --> 00:26:06,079
The hadith contains signs of prophethood, both verbal and practical.

483
00:26:06,079 --> 00:26:07,440
As for the verbal signs:

484
00:26:07,480 --> 00:26:09,960
It is his informing (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)

485
00:26:09,960 --> 00:26:13,880
That Allah would grant victory at the hands of 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him),

486
00:26:13,880 --> 00:26:15,680
And so it occurred.

487
00:26:15,680 --> 00:26:17,039
As for the practical signs:

488
00:26:17,039 --> 00:26:19,839
The spitting of the Prophet (peace be upon him)

489
00:26:19,839 --> 00:26:22,799
Into the eyes of 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him)

490
00:26:22,799 --> 00:26:25,490
When he was suffering from conjunctivitis, and he was instantly healed.

491
00:26:25,490 --> 00:26:29,809
In it is an indication that likening the matters of the Hereafter to the affairs of this world

492
00:26:29,809 --> 00:26:33,180
Is merely to bring the concepts closer to human understanding.

493
00:26:33,180 --> 00:26:37,140
In it is a demonstration of the virtue of calling to Allah, Mighty and Majestic.

494
00:26:37,180 --> 00:26:41,059
In it is the affirmation of giving guidance and direction to servants.

495
00:26:41,059 --> 00:26:44,980
In it is the permissibility of a person aspiring to noble and lofty matters.

496
00:26:44,980 --> 00:26:48,980
In it is that the statement of sincere faith (La ilaha illallah) grants sanctity to blood.

497
00:26:48,980 --> 00:26:53,539
In it is a demonstration of the virtue of 'Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him).

498
00:26:53,539 --> 00:26:59,650
In it is guidance toward sound management and strategic planning.

499
00:26:59,650 --> 00:27:03,049
On the authority of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him), he said:

500
00:27:03,049 --> 00:27:06,769
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:

501
00:27:06,769 --> 00:27:12,769
"I have been commanded to fight the people until they say: 'There is no god but Allah.'

502
00:27:12,769 --> 00:27:16,049
So whoever says: 'There is no god but Allah,'

503
00:27:16,049 --> 00:27:19,250
Has protected his life and property from me,

504
00:27:19,250 --> 00:27:24,240
Except by its right, and his reckoning rests with Allah."

505
00:27:24,240 --> 00:27:27,400
Commentary on the hadith:

506
00:27:27,400 --> 00:27:30,640
"Protected," meaning safeguarded and secured.

507
00:27:30,640 --> 00:27:32,720
"And his reckoning rests with Allah,"

508
00:27:32,720 --> 00:27:37,819
Meaning: regarding what he conceals or keeps secret of disbelief and sins.

509
00:27:37,819 --> 00:27:41,519
Among the benefits derived from the hadith:

510
00:27:41,519 --> 00:27:45,119
It is learned from the hadith that judgment is based on outward appearances,

511
00:27:45,119 --> 00:27:47,920
While Allah alone takes charge of the secret intentions.

512
00:27:47,920 --> 00:27:53,240
In it is that the statement of sincere faith protects blood and safeguards wealth.

513
00:27:53,240 --> 00:28:00,529
In the hadith is an indication that the execution of legal punishments belongs to the ruler.

514
00:28:00,529 --> 00:28:04,410
Chapter: One Who Intends a Military Expedition and Conceals It by Mentioning Another, and One Who Prefers Setting Out on Thursday.

515
00:28:04,410 --> 00:28:08,759
And one who prefers setting out on a Thursday.

516
00:28:08,799 --> 00:28:11,799
On the authority of Ka'b ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him),

517
00:28:11,799 --> 00:28:14,359
That the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)

518
00:28:14,359 --> 00:28:17,880
Set out on Thursday for the Expedition of Tabuk,

519
00:28:17,880 --> 00:28:21,740
And he used to love setting out on Thursdays.

520
00:28:21,740 --> 00:28:23,180
In another narration:

521
00:28:23,180 --> 00:28:27,980
Rarely did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) set out

522
00:28:27,980 --> 00:28:32,710
On a journey except on a Thursday.

523
00:28:32,710 --> 00:28:36,130
Commentary on the hadith:

524
00:28:36,130 --> 00:28:39,210
"And he used to love setting out on Thursdays"—

525
00:28:39,250 --> 00:28:44,759
This is understood as referring to the majority of his journeys (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).

526
00:28:44,759 --> 00:28:48,400
Among the benefits derived from the hadith:

527
00:28:48,400 --> 00:28:50,319
It is learned from the hadith

528
00:28:50,319 --> 00:28:53,200
The desirability of traveling on a Thursday.

529
00:28:53,200 --> 00:28:56,920
In it is that indirect speech or misdirection is permissible during necessities,

530
00:28:56,920 --> 00:28:59,440
And in it is a valid alternative to lying.