WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.580 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. ‘Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:13.980 --> 00:00:16.100 Surah al-Shura. 00:00:18.420 --> 00:00:22.620 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:23.510 --> 00:00:32.710 “And if Allah were to enlarge the provision for His slaves they would surely rebel in the earth, but He sendeth down by measure as He willeth. Lo! He is Informed, a Seer of His bondmen.” (42:27) 00:00:33.030 --> 00:00:39.429 “And if Allah were to enlarge the provision for His slaves they would surely rebel in the earth, but He sendeth down by measure as He willeth. Lo! He is Informed, a Seer of His bondmen.” (42:27) 00:00:39.750 --> 00:00:46.570 “And if Allah were to enlarge the provision for His slaves they would surely rebel in the earth, but He sendeth down by measure as He willeth. Lo! He is Informed, a Seer of His bondmen.” (42:27) 00:00:47.899 --> 00:00:52.179 If Allah were to grant abundant provision to His servants, expanding and increasing it for them, 00:00:52.420 --> 00:00:56.219 they would surely transgress and exceed the limits that Allah has set for them. 00:00:56.619 --> 00:00:59.259 However, He sends down their provision in precise measure. 00:00:59.740 --> 00:01:05.260 Indeed, Allah is fully aware of what benefits His servants and what corrupts them, whether through wealth, poverty, or otherwise. 00:01:05.579 --> 00:01:09.260 He is All-Knowing and All-Seeing regarding their affairs. 00:01:23.540 --> 00:01:28.140 It is Allah who sends down the rain, providing you with relief, O people, 00:01:28.459 --> 00:01:31.579 after you had despaired of its arrival. 00:01:31.939 --> 00:01:34.980 He is the One who attends to you with His grace and bounty. 00:01:35.260 --> 00:01:37.700 He is the Praiseworthy for the favors He has bestowed upon you. 00:01:39.269 --> 00:01:43.310 Among His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth, 00:01:43.590 --> 00:01:48.969 and the living creatures He has dispersed throughout them. 00:01:49.569 --> 00:01:56.209 “And of His portents is the creation of the heaven and the earth, and of whatever beasts He hath dispersed therein. And He is Able to gather them when He will.” (42:29) 00:01:57.859 --> 00:02:00.260 Among the proofs He has provided for you, O people, 00:02:00.780 --> 00:02:02.659 is His creation of the heavens and the earth, 00:02:03.299 --> 00:02:06.500 and the living creatures He has scattered throughout them. 00:02:07.019 --> 00:02:11.180 He is fully capable of gathering the creatures He has dispersed in both realms. 00:02:11.699 --> 00:02:14.699 It is not difficult for Him to create them or to gather them. 00:02:15.340 --> 00:02:19.340 Likewise, He is the One capable of gathering His creation on the Day of Resurrection, 00:02:19.780 --> 00:02:22.460 after their remains have disintegrated in their graves. 00:02:24.340 --> 00:02:27.740 “Whatever of misfortune striketh you, it is what your right hands have earned. And He forgiveth much.” (42:30) 00:02:28.340 --> 00:02:34.219 “Whatever of misfortune striketh you, it is what your right hands have earned. And He forgiveth much.” (42:30) 00:02:35.659 --> 00:02:39.340 Whatever calamity befalls you, O people, in this world, 00:02:39.900 --> 00:02:45.219 it is only a consequence of the sins you have committed. 00:02:45.819 --> 00:02:49.659 Yet, your Lord pardons much of your wrongdoing. 00:02:51.270 --> 00:02:56.030 You cannot escape His grasp on earth. 00:02:56.629 --> 00:03:05.870 You have no protector or helper besides Allah. 00:03:07.639 --> 00:03:11.840 You cannot escape your Lord by fleeing on earth, 00:03:12.159 --> 00:03:14.039 such that He would be unable to reach you. 00:03:14.719 --> 00:03:21.120 You have no protector besides Allah to defend you if He intends to punish you, 00:03:21.680 --> 00:03:26.439 nor do you have any helper to aid you if He inflicts His punishment upon you. 00:03:28.289 --> 00:03:33.050 “And of His portents are the ships, like banners on the sea;” (42:32) 00:03:33.610 --> 00:03:39.490 “If He will He calmeth the wind so that they keep still upon its surface - Lo! herein verily are signs for every steadfast grateful (heart). -” (42:33) 00:03:40.009 --> 00:03:47.009 Indeed, in this are signs for everyone who is patient and grateful. 00:03:47.449 --> 00:03:54.050 Or He may destroy them because of what they have earned, while pardoning much. 00:03:55.280 --> 00:03:58.120 Among the proofs of Allah against you, O people, 00:03:58.520 --> 00:04:01.520 are the ships sailing in the sea like mountains. 00:04:02.270 --> 00:04:05.789 If Allah wills, He stills the wind that drives them, 00:04:06.189 --> 00:04:08.150 leaving them motionless upon the surface of the water. 00:04:08.860 --> 00:04:12.819 Indeed, the movement of these vessels in the sea by the power of Allah 00:04:13.180 --> 00:04:18.740 is a lesson and a proof for everyone who is patient in obeying Allah and grateful for His blessings. 00:04:19.339 --> 00:04:21.660 Or He may destroy them by drowning in the sea 00:04:22.100 --> 00:04:24.740 because of the sins their passengers have committed. 00:04:25.300 --> 00:04:29.620 Yet He overlooks many of your sins and does not punish you for them. 00:04:31.350 --> 00:04:39.389 “And that those who argue concerning Our revelations may know they have no refuge.” (42:35) 00:04:40.879 --> 00:04:46.040 Let those who dispute with His Messenger, Muhammad (peace be upon him), know 00:04:46.639 --> 00:04:49.240 that they have no escape from the punishment of Allah, 00:04:49.720 --> 00:04:51.560 nor do they have any refuge from Him. 00:04:53.259 --> 00:05:00.500 “Now whatever ye have been given is but a passing comfort for the life of the world, and that which Allah hath is better and more lasting for those who believe and put their trust in their Lord,” (42:36) 00:05:01.060 --> 00:05:10.500 “Now whatever ye have been given is but a passing comfort for the life of the world, and that which Allah hath is better and more lasting for those who believe and put their trust in their Lord,” (42:36) 00:05:12.319 --> 00:05:15.839 Whatever you have been given of the things of this world, 00:05:16.399 --> 00:05:20.519 it is merely a temporary enjoyment for you in this worldly life. 00:05:21.120 --> 00:05:26.480 But that which is with Allah is better for those who obey Him than what you have been given in this world, 00:05:26.959 --> 00:05:32.000 and it is more lasting for those who believe in Him and rely upon Him in all their affairs. 00:05:33.670 --> 00:05:39.509 “And those who shun the worst of sins and indecencies and, when they are wroth, forgive,” (42:37) 00:05:39.509 --> 00:05:43.069 And when they are angered, they forgive. 00:05:43.629 --> 00:05:58.790 “And those who answer the call of their Lord and establish worship, and whose affairs are a matter of counsel, and who spend of what We have bestowed on them,” (42:38) 00:06:00.230 --> 00:06:03.269 That which is with Allah is better for those who believe. 00:06:03.790 --> 00:06:09.069 And those who avoid the major sins and shameful deeds, 00:06:09.509 --> 00:06:16.269 and when they are angered by someone who has wronged them, they forgive the offender for his sin. 00:06:16.910 --> 00:06:24.509 And those who respond to their Lord when He calls them to His Oneness, and who establish the prescribed prayer with its requirements, 00:06:25.029 --> 00:06:33.509 and when a matter arises among them, they consult one another, and they spend in the way of Allah from the wealth He has provided them. 00:06:34.870 --> 00:06:40.790 “And those who, when great wrong is done to them, defend themselves,” (42:39) 00:06:41.310 --> 00:06:57.589 “The guerdon of an ill-deed is an ill the like thereof. But whosoever pardoneth and amendeth, his wage is the affair of Allah. Lo! He loveth not wrong-doers.” (42:40) 00:06:58.980 --> 00:07:06.259 And those who, when a tyrant transgresses against them, defend themselves without exceeding the limits. 00:07:06.740 --> 00:07:12.100 The recompense for an evil deed is a punishment equivalent to it, as Allah has ordained. 00:07:12.860 --> 00:07:18.939 But whoever pardons the one who wronged him, seeking the countenance of Allah, his reward is with Allah. 00:07:19.660 --> 00:07:29.100 Indeed, Allah does not love the wrongdoers who transgress against people, harming them without permission from Allah. 00:07:30.579 --> 00:07:40.019 “And whoso defendeth himself after he hath suffered wrong - for such, there is no way (of blame) against them.” (42:41) 00:07:40.500 --> 00:07:49.060 “The way (of blame) is only against those who oppress mankind, and wrongfully rebel in the earth. For such there is a painful doom.” (42:42) 00:07:49.540 --> 00:07:53.779 For them is a painful punishment. 00:07:54.259 --> 00:08:00.740 “And verily whoso is patient and forgiveth - lo! that, verily, is (of) the steadfast heart of things.” (42:43) 00:08:02.379 --> 00:08:09.180 As for those who defend themselves after having been wronged, there is no blame upon them for seeking justice, 00:08:09.740 --> 00:08:11.980 because they defended themselves rightfully. 00:08:12.920 --> 00:08:18.519 The path of blame is only against those who transgress against people unjustly, 00:08:19.000 --> 00:08:23.720 and who exceed the limits in the land of Allah that their Lord has permitted them. 00:08:24.360 --> 00:08:27.319 These are the ones who commit injustice without right, 00:08:27.879 --> 00:08:30.680 and for them is a painful punishment in Hell. 00:08:31.319 --> 00:08:33.960 But whoever is patient regarding the wrong done to him, 00:08:34.440 --> 00:08:37.399 and forgives the one who committed the offense against him, 00:08:37.720 --> 00:08:39.080 choosing not to retaliate, 00:08:39.559 --> 00:08:45.399 then that patience and forgiveness are among the matters of resolve that He has urged His servants toward, 00:08:45.720 --> 00:08:47.960 and commanded them to practice. 00:08:49.659 --> 00:08:56.620 “He whom Allah sendeth astray, for him there is no protecting friend after Him. And thou (Muhammad) wilt see the evil-doers when they see the doom, (how) they say: Is there any way of return?” (42:44) 00:08:57.100 --> 00:09:06.950 “He whom Allah sendeth astray, for him there is no protecting friend after Him. And thou (Muhammad) wilt see the evil-doers when they see the doom, (how) they say: Is there any way of return?” (42:44) 00:09:08.519 --> 00:09:10.840 Whoever Allah leaves to stray from guidance, 00:09:11.399 --> 00:09:15.639 has no protector to guide him to the path of righteousness. 00:09:16.360 --> 00:09:22.120 You will see the disbelievers, O Muhammad, on the Day of Resurrection, when they witness the punishment of Allah, 00:09:22.600 --> 00:09:24.279 saying to their Lord: 00:09:24.759 --> 00:09:28.759 "Is there any way, O Lord, for us to return to the world?" 00:09:30.490 --> 00:09:38.889 You will see them being brought before it, humbled by disgrace, looking with a furtive glance. 00:09:39.370 --> 00:09:54.970 “And thou wilt see them exposed to (the Fire), made humble by disgrace, and looking with veiled eyes. And those who believe will say: Lo! the (eternal) losers are they who lose themselves and their housefolk on the Day of Resurrection. Lo! are not the wrong-doers in perpetual torment?” (42:45) 00:09:55.529 --> 00:10:01.529 “And thou wilt see them exposed to (the Fire), made humble by disgrace, and looking with veiled eyes. And those who believe will say: Lo! the (eternal) losers are they who lose themselves and their housefolk on the Day of Resurrection. Lo! are not the wrong-doers in perpetual torment?” (42:45) 00:10:03.240 --> 00:10:08.840 You will see, O Muhammad, the wrongdoers being presented to the Fire, submissive and humiliated. 00:10:09.320 --> 00:10:13.720 These wrongdoers will look at the Fire with a glance of disgrace. 00:10:14.279 --> 00:10:17.240 And those who believed in Allah and His Messenger will say: 00:10:17.799 --> 00:10:23.799 "The true losers are those who have lost themselves and their families on the Day of Resurrection in Paradise." 00:10:24.470 --> 00:10:31.110 Indeed, the disbelievers on the Day of Resurrection will be in a lasting punishment that will not cease for them. 00:10:32.919 --> 00:10:48.440 “And they will have no protecting friends to help them instead of Allah. He whom Allah sendeth astray, for him there is no road.” (42:46) 00:10:49.990 --> 00:10:54.950 These disbelievers will have no one, when Allah punishes them on the Day of Resurrection, 00:10:55.509 --> 00:10:58.470 to protect them from the punishment of Allah, 00:10:58.950 --> 00:11:03.909 nor will they have any helpers against their Lord regarding the punishment He inflicts upon them. 00:11:04.470 --> 00:11:10.710 Whoever Allah leaves to stray from the path of truth, there is no way for him to reach it, 00:11:11.110 --> 00:11:15.990 because guidance and misguidance are in His hand, to the exclusion of everyone else. 00:11:25.990 --> 00:11:29.990 Respond, O people, to the caller of Allah and believe in Him, 00:11:30.470 --> 00:11:36.120 before there comes a day that cannot be averted once Allah brings it about. 00:11:36.600 --> 00:11:39.399 That is the Day of Resurrection. 00:11:39.879 --> 00:11:43.320 You will have no refuge, O people, to which you can flee, 00:11:43.879 --> 00:11:47.480 nor will you be able to escape Allah. 00:11:47.960 --> 00:11:54.360 You will have no shelter on that day, and you will have no one to deny your deeds. 00:11:54.360 --> 00:12:01.399 You will not be able to change your fate, nor will you be able to defend yourselves if He punishes you. 00:12:25.769 --> 00:12:29.929 For man is indeed ungrateful. 00:12:56.980 --> 00:13:02.179 They are in distress because of the sins their hands have committed, as a punishment for them. 00:13:02.820 --> 00:13:05.700 For man is indeed a denier of his Lord's blessings. 00:13:28.139 --> 00:13:38.860 “Or He mingleth them, males and females, and He maketh barren whom He will. Lo! He is Knower, Powerful.” (42:50) 00:13:59.509 --> 00:14:05.190 And He makes whom He wills barren, so that they cannot bear children. 00:14:05.779 --> 00:14:10.740 Indeed, Allah is All-Knowing of what He creates and All-Powerful over what He wills. 00:14:11.220 --> 00:14:15.139 Nothing escapes His knowledge, and nothing renders Him incapable.