WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.160 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.139 --> 00:00:08.039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.539 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:14.009 --> 00:00:16.530 Surah al-Qasas. 00:00:18.120 --> 00:00:22.120 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:23.329 --> 00:00:29.489 "And We have conveyed the word to them, that they might take heed." 00:00:30.510 --> 00:00:34.270 We have conveyed, O Muhammad, to your people from Quraysh, 00:00:34.469 --> 00:00:36.869 and to the Jews from the Children of Israel, 00:00:37.229 --> 00:00:39.469 the accounts of those who came before, 00:00:39.869 --> 00:00:43.070 and the news of the punishment We inflicted upon them, 00:00:43.390 --> 00:00:47.070 and what We shall do to those who follow in their footsteps, 00:00:47.469 --> 00:00:50.549 so that they may remember, take warning, and be admonished. 00:00:51.899 --> 00:00:59.700 “Those unto whom We gave the Scripture before it, they believe in it,” (28:52) 00:01:01.159 --> 00:01:05.120 Those to whom We gave the Scripture before this Qur'an, 00:01:05.439 --> 00:01:07.719 they believe in this Qur'an, 00:01:08.200 --> 00:01:11.400 acknowledging that it is the truth from Allah. 00:01:12.819 --> 00:01:20.780 “And when it is recited unto them, they say: We believe in it. Lo! it is the Truth from our Lord. Lo! even before it we were of those who surrender (unto Him).” (28:53) 00:01:21.180 --> 00:01:30.459 “And when it is recited unto them, they say: We believe in it. Lo! it is the Truth from our Lord. Lo! even before it we were of those who surrender (unto Him).” (28:53) 00:01:32.219 --> 00:01:38.379 And when this Qur'an is recited to those to whom We gave the Scripture before its revelation, 00:01:39.099 --> 00:01:44.099 they say, "We believe in it; it is the truth from our Lord, revealed." 00:01:44.739 --> 00:01:48.859 "Indeed, we were, before the revelation of this Qur'an, Muslims." 00:01:49.540 --> 00:01:53.620 This is because they were believers in what the prophets brought 00:01:54.140 --> 00:01:58.260 before the coming of our Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him. 00:01:58.780 --> 00:02:00.379 And they possessed the Scriptures, 00:02:01.099 --> 00:02:04.099 and in their books were the description and attributes of Muhammad, 00:02:04.859 --> 00:02:10.659 so they believed in him, his mission, and his book before the Qur'an was revealed. 00:02:12.289 --> 00:02:21.810 “These will be given their reward twice over, because they are steadfast and repel evil with good, and spend of that wherewith We have provided them,” (28:54) 00:02:22.330 --> 00:02:30.569 "And they repel evil with good, and from what We have provided them, they spend." 00:02:32.210 --> 00:02:34.689 These are the ones whose qualities I have described: 00:02:35.169 --> 00:02:40.449 they are given their reward twice for their patience regarding the first Scripture, 00:02:40.969 --> 00:02:45.969 and for their following of Muhammad, peace be upon him, and their patience in that. 00:02:46.689 --> 00:02:51.490 They repel their evil deeds with the good deeds they perform, 00:02:52.050 --> 00:02:56.569 and from the wealth We have provided them, they spend in obedience to Allah. 00:02:58.560 --> 00:03:14.439 “And when they hear vanity they withdraw from it and say: Unto us our works and unto you your works. Peace be unto you! We desire not the ignorant.” (28:55) 00:03:15.979 --> 00:03:21.699 And when these people, to whom We gave the Scripture, hear vain talk, 00:03:22.259 --> 00:03:28.939 they do not listen to it, saying, "For us are our deeds, which we have chosen for ourselves, 00:03:29.580 --> 00:03:33.419 and for you are your deeds, which you have chosen for yourselves. 00:03:34.099 --> 00:03:39.620 We are safe from you regarding any insults or hearing from us what you dislike; 00:03:40.300 --> 00:03:44.139 we do not wish to debate the ignorant or exchange insults with them." 00:03:52.460 --> 00:03:57.219 Indeed, O Muhammad, you do not guide whom you love to guide, 00:03:57.699 --> 00:04:02.909 but Allah guides whom He wills to guide among His creation, 00:04:03.389 --> 00:04:06.629 by granting them success in believing in Him and His Messenger. 00:04:07.110 --> 00:04:12.110 Allah knows best who has already been destined in His knowledge to be guided to the right path, 00:04:12.909 --> 00:04:16.990 and it is he whom Allah guides, directs, and grants success. 00:04:16.990 --> 00:04:23.149 “And they say: If we were to follow the Guidance with thee we should be torn out of our land. Have We not established for them a sure sanctuary, whereunto the produce of all things is brought (in trade), a provision from Our presence? But most of them know not.” (28:57) 00:04:23.629 --> 00:04:31.899 “And they say: If we were to follow the Guidance with thee we should be torn out of our land. Have We not established for them a sure sanctuary, whereunto the produce of all things is brought (in trade), a provision from Our presence? But most of them know not.” (28:57) 00:04:32.220 --> 00:04:39.339 “And they say: If we were to follow the Guidance with thee we should be torn out of our land. Have We not established for them a sure sanctuary, whereunto the produce of all things is brought (in trade), a provision from Our presence? But most of them know not.” (28:57) 00:04:39.819 --> 00:04:42.620 As a provision from Us. 00:04:42.699 --> 00:04:46.139 As a provision from Us. 00:04:46.620 --> 00:04:50.220 As a provision from Us. 00:04:50.220 --> 00:04:54.540 But most of them do not know. 00:04:56.189 --> 00:04:57.990 The disbelievers of Quraysh said, 00:04:58.629 --> 00:05:01.149 "If we follow the guidance you have brought us, 00:05:01.670 --> 00:05:04.189 and renounce our idols and gods, 00:05:04.790 --> 00:05:07.069 we will be snatched away from our land," 00:05:07.310 --> 00:05:10.750 by the consensus of all others against us and their war upon us. 00:05:11.540 --> 00:05:16.740 Have We not established for them a secure sanctuary, in which We have forbidden the shedding of blood, 00:05:17.300 --> 00:05:23.100 and secured its people from being raided, killed, or taken captive? 00:05:23.660 --> 00:05:26.379 To it are brought the fruits of every place, 00:05:26.740 --> 00:05:29.500 as a provision We have granted them from Ourselves. 00:05:30.100 --> 00:05:37.379 But most of these polytheists do not know that it is We who have established for them a secure sanctuary, 00:05:37.620 --> 00:05:39.139 and provided for them therein, 00:05:39.620 --> 00:05:43.300 and caused the fruits of every land to be gathered to them. 00:05:43.819 --> 00:05:48.180 Yet, in their ignorance, they do not thank the One who blessed them with this. 00:05:49.779 --> 00:05:55.660 “And how many a community have We destroyed that was thankless for its means of livelihood! And yonder are their dwellings, which have not been inhabited after them save a little. And We, even We, were the inheritors.” (28:58) 00:05:56.060 --> 00:06:03.379 “And how many a community have We destroyed that was thankless for its means of livelihood! And yonder are their dwellings, which have not been inhabited after them save a little. And We, even We, were the inheritors.” (28:58) 00:06:03.779 --> 00:06:07.899 And We were the Inheritors. 00:06:09.370 --> 00:06:13.209 How many a city have We destroyed that was ungrateful for its livelihood! 00:06:13.769 --> 00:06:17.370 Those are their dwellings and homes, ruined after them, 00:06:17.810 --> 00:06:19.490 with no one to inherit them, 00:06:20.009 --> 00:06:23.250 having returned to the state they were in before they inhabited them, 00:06:23.649 --> 00:06:25.970 with no owner but Allah. 00:06:27.610 --> 00:06:34.930 “And never did thy Lord destroy the townships, till He had raised up in their mother(-town) a messenger reciting unto them Our revelations. And never did We destroy the townships unless the folk thereof were evil-doers.” (28:59) 00:06:35.290 --> 00:06:42.370 “And never did thy Lord destroy the townships, till He had raised up in their mother(-town) a messenger reciting unto them Our revelations. And never did We destroy the townships unless the folk thereof were evil-doers.” (28:59) 00:06:42.370 --> 00:06:49.290 “And never did thy Lord destroy the townships, till He had raised up in their mother(-town) a messenger reciting unto them Our revelations. And never did We destroy the townships unless the folk thereof were evil-doers.” (28:59) 00:06:50.759 --> 00:06:55.439 “And never did thy Lord destroy the townships, till He had raised up in their mother(-town) a messenger reciting unto them Our revelations. And never did We destroy the townships unless the folk thereof were evil-doers.” (28:59) 00:06:55.839 --> 00:07:00.879 “And never did thy Lord destroy the townships, till He had raised up in their mother(-town) a messenger reciting unto them Our revelations. And never did We destroy the townships unless the folk thereof were evil-doers.” (28:59) 00:07:01.360 --> 00:07:05.399 And We would never destroy a city while its people are believers in Allah; 00:07:05.800 --> 00:07:10.319 We only destroy it because of their wrongdoing and their disbelief in Allah. 00:07:11.730 --> 00:07:19.529 “And whatsoever ye have been given is a comfort of the life of the world and an ornament thereof; and that which Allah hath is better and more lasting. Have ye then no sense?” (28:60) 00:07:20.050 --> 00:07:27.129 “And whatsoever ye have been given is a comfort of the life of the world and an ornament thereof; and that which Allah hath is better and more lasting. Have ye then no sense?” (28:60) 00:07:28.569 --> 00:07:33.129 Whatever you have been given, O people, of wealth and children, 00:07:33.730 --> 00:07:38.689 is merely the enjoyment of this worldly life, 00:07:39.290 --> 00:07:42.649 and part of its adornment with which you are decorated therein. 00:07:43.449 --> 00:07:50.410 But what is with Allah for those who obey Him is better than what you have been given in this world, and more lasting for its people, 00:07:50.930 --> 00:07:53.290 because it is eternal and never-ending. 00:07:54.050 --> 00:07:57.889 Do you not have intellect, O people, with which to reflect, 00:07:58.410 --> 00:08:00.730 so that you may distinguish good from evil? 00:08:10.279 --> 00:08:20.040 “Is he whom We have promised a fair promise which he will find (true) like him whom We suffer to enjoy awhile the comfort of the life of the world, then on the Day of Resurrection he will be of those arraigned?” (28:61) 00:08:21.670 --> 00:08:26.269 Is he whom We have promised a good promise—the Garden—for his obedience to Us, 00:08:26.790 --> 00:08:31.310 and who has earned by his obedience to Us that We fulfill what We promised him, 00:08:31.750 --> 00:08:33.509 so he will surely encounter what was promised, 00:08:33.909 --> 00:08:38.990 like one whom We have provided for in this world, but who forgot to act for what We promised the obedient? 00:08:39.830 --> 00:08:43.029 Then, on the Day of Resurrection, when he appears before Allah, 00:08:43.590 --> 00:08:47.190 he will be among those who witness the punishment of Allah and His painful retribution. 00:08:48.659 --> 00:08:57.379 "And on the Day He will call them and say, 'Where are My partners whom you used to claim?'" 00:08:59.049 --> 00:09:03.769 On the day the Lord of Might calls those who associated partners with Him, He will say to them, 00:09:04.490 --> 00:09:09.850 "Where are My partners whom you used to claim were My partners in the world?" 00:09:11.129 --> 00:09:22.210 “Those concerning whom the Word will have come true will say: Our Lord! These are they whom we led astray. We led them astray even as we ourselves were astray. We declare our innocence before Thee: us they never worshipped.” (28:63) 00:09:22.690 --> 00:09:29.169 “Those concerning whom the Word will have come true will say: Our Lord! These are they whom we led astray. We led them astray even as we ourselves were astray. We declare our innocence before Thee: us they never worshipped.” (28:63) 00:09:30.919 --> 00:09:34.240 Those upon whom the anger and curse of Allah have become due will say, 00:09:34.799 --> 00:09:36.120 "They are the devils." 00:09:36.799 --> 00:09:39.600 “Those concerning whom the Word will have come true will say: Our Lord! These are they whom we led astray. We led them astray even as we ourselves were astray. We declare our innocence before Thee: us they never worshipped.” (28:63) 00:09:40.200 --> 00:09:42.240 "We led them astray just as we ourselves were led astray; 00:09:42.799 --> 00:09:46.120 we disavow their allegiance and support before You. 00:09:46.799 --> 00:09:48.840 It was not us they were worshipping." 00:09:50.480 --> 00:10:00.039 “And it will be said: Cry unto your (so-called) partners (of Allah). And they will cry unto them, and they will give no answer unto them, and they will see the Doom. Ah, if they had but been guided!” (28:64) 00:10:00.600 --> 00:10:05.879 “And it will be said: Cry unto your (so-called) partners (of Allah). And they will cry unto them, and they will give no answer unto them, and they will see the Doom. Ah, if they had but been guided!” (28:64) 00:10:07.600 --> 00:10:09.480 And it will be said to the polytheists, 00:10:10.320 --> 00:10:14.480 "Call upon your partners whom you used to call upon besides Allah." 00:10:15.279 --> 00:10:19.159 They will call upon them, but they will not answer them, and they will see the punishment. 00:10:19.919 --> 00:10:25.159 They will wish, when they see the punishment, that they had been guided to the truth in the world. 00:10:27.250 --> 00:10:32.889 “And on the Day when He will call unto them and say: What answer gave ye to the messengers?” (28:65) 00:10:33.409 --> 00:10:42.889 “On that day (all) tidings will be dimmed for them, nor will they ask one of another,” (28:66) 00:10:44.779 --> 00:10:48.740 And on the Day He will call these polytheists and say to them, 00:10:49.500 --> 00:10:53.820 "What answer did you give the messengers regarding what We sent them with to you?" 00:10:54.379 --> 00:10:59.220 regarding your call to Our Oneness and the renunciation of idols and statues. 00:10:59.860 --> 00:11:03.899 The argument will be obscured for them, and they will not know how to argue. 00:11:04.659 --> 00:11:07.580 They will have no argument to present. 00:11:08.220 --> 00:11:11.659 They will not ask one another about lineages or kinship. 00:11:24.750 --> 00:11:29.230 But as for those who repent among the polytheists and devote their worship sincerely to Allah, 00:11:29.789 --> 00:11:33.710 and believe in His Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, 00:11:34.230 --> 00:11:36.070 and act according to what Allah commanded them, 00:11:36.750 --> 00:11:40.590 they will be among the successful, attaining their desires with Allah, 00:11:41.070 --> 00:11:43.190 abiding eternally in His Gardens. 00:12:01.370 --> 00:12:06.259 Your Lord, O Muhammad, creates whatever He wills to create, 00:12:06.740 --> 00:12:11.179 and chooses for guidance, faith, and righteous deeds from among His creation 00:12:11.179 --> 00:12:14.500 what He knows in His prior knowledge to be their best choice. 00:12:15.299 --> 00:12:20.620 Similar to how these polytheists chose the best of their wealth for their idols, 00:12:21.100 --> 00:12:24.779 so too is My choice for Myself and My selection for My allegiance, 00:12:24.779 --> 00:12:27.100 the best of My kingdom and My creation. 00:12:27.820 --> 00:12:30.940 Exalted is Allah, and glorified is He, 00:12:30.940 --> 00:12:37.220 and far removed is He from the polytheism that the polytheists attribute to Him. 00:12:46.580 --> 00:12:50.340 Your Lord, O Muhammad, knows what the hearts of His creation conceal, 00:12:50.820 --> 00:12:54.019 and what they reveal with their tongues and limbs. 00:12:54.580 --> 00:12:56.139 He means by this 00:12:56.659 --> 00:12:59.460 that the choice of those He selects for faith 00:12:59.820 --> 00:13:03.740 is based on His knowledge of their inner and outer affairs. 00:13:18.860 --> 00:13:23.740 Your Lord, O Muhammad, is the Worshipped One, to whom alone worship is due. 00:13:24.179 --> 00:13:26.460 To Him belongs all praise in this world and the Hereafter. 00:13:26.899 --> 00:13:28.940 To Him belongs the judgment among His creation. 00:13:29.500 --> 00:13:34.299 And to Him you will be returned after your death, and He will judge between you with truth. 00:13:36.360 --> 00:13:44.159 “Say: Have ye thought, if Allah made night everlasting for you till the Day of Resurrection, who is a god beside Allah who could bring you light? Will ye not then hear?” (28:71) 00:13:44.720 --> 00:13:53.240 “Say: Have ye thought, if Allah made night everlasting for you till the Day of Resurrection, who is a god beside Allah who could bring you light? Will ye not then hear?” (28:71) 00:13:53.840 --> 00:13:56.559 Do you not hear? 00:13:58.210 --> 00:14:01.330 Say, O Muhammad, to these polytheists, 00:14:02.049 --> 00:14:03.049 "O people, 00:14:03.690 --> 00:14:10.490 have you considered if Allah were to make the night continuous for you, with no day to follow it until the Day of Resurrection, 00:14:11.210 --> 00:14:15.490 who is the god other than the Worshipped One, to whom belongs the worship of everything, 00:14:16.009 --> 00:14:19.809 who could bring you the light of day so that you might see by it? 00:14:20.409 --> 00:14:25.490 Do you not lend your hearing to this and reflect upon it, so that you may take heed?" 00:14:26.759 --> 00:14:35.600 “Say: Have ye thought, if Allah made day everlasting for you till the Day of Resurrection, who is a god beside Allah who could bring you night wherein ye rest? Will ye not then see?” (28:72) 00:14:36.240 --> 00:14:49.799 “Say: Have ye thought, if Allah made day everlasting for you till the Day of Resurrection, who is a god beside Allah who could bring you night wherein ye rest? Will ye not then see?” (28:72) 00:14:51.490 --> 00:14:53.769 Say, O Muhammad, to the polytheists of your people, 00:14:54.620 --> 00:15:04.340 "Have you considered, O people, if Allah were to make the day continuous for you, with no night to accompany it until the Day of Resurrection, 00:15:05.100 --> 00:15:09.340 who is the god other than the Worshipped One, to whom belongs the worship of everything, 00:15:09.899 --> 00:15:15.139 who could bring you a night in which you could rest, settle, and be calm?" 00:15:15.860 --> 00:15:20.139 Do you not see with your eyes the alternation of the night and the day for you, 00:15:20.580 --> 00:15:29.659 as a mercy from Allah, so that you may know that worship is not due except to the One who blessed you with this, and no one else? 00:15:31.250 --> 00:15:47.169 “Of His mercy hath He appointed for you night and day, that therein ye may rest, and that ye may seek His bounty, and that haply ye may be thankful.” (28:73) 00:15:49.049 --> 00:15:55.690 And from His mercy to you, O people, He made for you the night and the day, alternating between them. 00:15:56.289 --> 00:16:03.490 He made this night dark so that you may rest, be calm, and settle for the comfort of your bodies. 00:16:04.330 --> 00:16:11.730 And He made this day bright so that you may see, and move about with your sight for your livelihoods, 00:16:12.289 --> 00:16:15.730 and so that you may thank Him for His blessing upon you in this. 00:16:17.299 --> 00:16:26.139 "And on the Day He will call them and say, 'Where are My partners whom you used to claim?'" 00:16:27.460 --> 00:16:32.500 On the day your Lord, O Muhammad, calls these polytheists, He will say to them, 00:16:33.139 --> 00:16:39.700 "Where are My partners whom you used to claim, O people, in the world, were My partners?" 00:16:40.879 --> 00:17:00.080 “And We shall take out from every nation a witness and We shall say: Bring your proof. Then they will know that Allah hath the Truth, and all that they invented will have failed them.” (28:75) 00:17:01.779 --> 00:17:09.019 And We will bring forth from every nation a witness—their prophet—who will testify against them regarding how they responded to him. 00:17:09.779 --> 00:17:15.420 We will say to the nation of every prophet, "Bring your proof for your association of partners with Allah." 00:17:16.289 --> 00:17:24.289 They will know then that the conclusive argument belongs to Allah, and that the truth is with Allah, and that His news is the truth. 00:17:24.970 --> 00:17:28.130 They will be certain of an eternal punishment from Allah. 00:17:28.890 --> 00:17:36.650 Those whom they used to associate with Allah in the world, and the lies and fabrications they used to invent, will vanish and disappear. 00:17:36.650 --> 00:17:42.650 It will not benefit them there; rather, it will harm them and cast them into the fire of Hell.