1 00:00:00,080 --> 00:00:03,600 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:04,339 --> 00:00:06,339 The Ifadah Center 3 00:00:06,339 --> 00:00:09,619 for Humanitarian Studies and Research 4 00:00:09,619 --> 00:00:11,939 presents 5 00:00:11,939 --> 00:00:16,500 The Abridgment of Sahih al-Bukhari. 6 00:00:16,500 --> 00:00:21,739 Chapter: One Who Does Not Display Grief at the Time of Calamity. 7 00:00:22,510 --> 00:00:26,510 On the authority of Anas Ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 8 00:00:26,640 --> 00:00:30,079 A son of Abu Talhah was ailing, 9 00:00:30,079 --> 00:00:32,079 and Abu Talhah went out, 10 00:00:32,399 --> 00:00:34,429 whereupon the child passed away. 11 00:00:34,429 --> 00:00:36,429 When Abu Talhah returned, 12 00:00:36,429 --> 00:00:38,429 he asked, 13 00:00:38,429 --> 00:00:40,429 "How is my son?" 14 00:00:40,429 --> 00:00:42,429 Umm Sulaym replied, 15 00:00:42,429 --> 00:00:44,500 "He is calmer than he has ever been." 16 00:00:44,500 --> 00:00:46,500 In another narration: 17 00:00:46,500 --> 00:00:48,500 "His soul has found rest, 18 00:00:48,500 --> 00:00:50,500 and I hope that he is now at peace." 19 00:00:50,500 --> 00:00:52,500 Abu Talhah assumed 20 00:00:52,500 --> 00:00:54,500 that she meant it literally. 21 00:00:54,500 --> 00:00:56,719 So she brought him dinner, 22 00:00:56,719 --> 00:00:58,719 and he dined, 23 00:00:58,719 --> 00:01:00,719 after which he was intimate with her. 24 00:01:01,039 --> 00:01:03,039 When he had finished, 25 00:01:03,039 --> 00:01:04,040 she said, 26 00:01:04,040 --> 00:01:06,200 "Bury the boy." 27 00:01:06,200 --> 00:01:08,200 In the morning, Abu Talhah 28 00:01:08,200 --> 00:01:11,200 went to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 29 00:01:11,200 --> 00:01:13,200 and informed him of what happened. 30 00:01:13,200 --> 00:01:15,200 He asked, 31 00:01:15,200 --> 00:01:17,200 "Were you intimate last night?" 32 00:01:17,200 --> 00:01:19,200 He replied, "Yes." 33 00:01:19,200 --> 00:01:20,200 The Prophet said, 34 00:01:20,200 --> 00:01:22,200 "O Allah, bless them both." 35 00:01:22,200 --> 00:01:24,200 She subsequently gave birth to a boy, 36 00:01:24,200 --> 00:01:26,200 and Abu Talhah told me, 37 00:01:26,200 --> 00:01:28,200 "Look after him until you bring 38 00:01:28,200 --> 00:01:30,200 him to the Prophet (peace be upon him)." 39 00:01:30,519 --> 00:01:33,519 So he brought him to the Prophet (peace be upon him), 40 00:01:33,519 --> 00:01:35,519 and she sent along with him 41 00:01:35,519 --> 00:01:37,519 some dates. 42 00:01:37,519 --> 00:01:39,519 The Prophet (peace be upon him) took him 43 00:01:39,519 --> 00:01:41,519 and asked, 44 00:01:41,519 --> 00:01:43,519 "Is there anything with him?" 45 00:01:43,519 --> 00:01:45,519 They replied, "Yes, 46 00:01:45,519 --> 00:01:47,519 some dates." 47 00:01:47,519 --> 00:01:49,519 The Prophet (peace be upon him) took them, 48 00:01:49,519 --> 00:01:51,519 chewed them, 49 00:01:51,519 --> 00:01:53,519 and then took some from his mouth 50 00:01:53,519 --> 00:01:55,519 and placed it into the infant's mouth, 51 00:01:55,519 --> 00:01:57,519 performing tahnik on him, 52 00:01:57,519 --> 00:01:59,519 and named him 'Abdullah. 53 00:01:59,519 --> 00:02:01,939 Commentary on the Hadith: 54 00:02:01,939 --> 00:02:03,939 "Was ailing" (yashtaki) 55 00:02:03,939 --> 00:02:06,379 means he was sick. 56 00:02:06,379 --> 00:02:08,509 "Passed away" (qubida) 57 00:02:08,509 --> 00:02:10,509 means he died. 58 00:02:10,509 --> 00:02:12,539 "Calmer than he has ever been" 59 00:02:12,539 --> 00:02:14,539 means he was motionless, 60 00:02:14,539 --> 00:02:16,539 no longer in pain from the severity of the illness. 61 00:02:16,539 --> 00:02:18,699 "He was intimate with her" 62 00:02:18,699 --> 00:02:20,699 is a metonymy for sexual intercourse. 63 00:02:20,699 --> 00:02:22,830 "Bury the boy" (wari al-sabiyy) 64 00:02:22,830 --> 00:02:25,060 means inter him. 65 00:02:25,060 --> 00:02:27,060 "Were you intimate last night?" (a'rastum al-laylah) 66 00:02:27,060 --> 00:02:29,060 comes from al-i'ras, meaning conjugal relations. 67 00:02:29,060 --> 00:02:31,250 "Performing tahnik on him" (hannakahu bihi): 68 00:02:31,250 --> 00:02:33,250 Tahnik 69 00:02:33,250 --> 00:02:35,250 is to chew a date or something similar, 70 00:02:35,250 --> 00:02:37,250 and then rub the palate of 71 00:02:37,250 --> 00:02:39,569 the infant with it. 72 00:02:39,569 --> 00:02:41,569 Key Benefits of the Hadith: 73 00:02:41,569 --> 00:02:44,139 In the hadith is a tremendous merit 74 00:02:44,139 --> 00:02:46,139 for Umm Sulaym (may Allah be pleased with her), 75 00:02:46,139 --> 00:02:48,139 on account of her patience 76 00:02:48,139 --> 00:02:50,139 and her contentment with the decree of Allah 77 00:02:50,139 --> 00:02:52,139 the Exalted. 78 00:02:52,139 --> 00:02:54,139 It indicates the permissibility of choosing the stricter, more resolute course 79 00:02:54,139 --> 00:02:56,139 and foregoing the concession for whoever is capable 80 00:02:56,139 --> 00:02:58,180 of doing so. 81 00:02:58,180 --> 00:03:00,180 It shows that a woman may adorn herself for her husband 82 00:03:00,180 --> 00:03:02,180 to invite conjugal intimacy. 83 00:03:02,180 --> 00:03:04,180 It demonstrates that whoever gives up 84 00:03:04,180 --> 00:03:06,180 something for the sake of Allah the Exalted, 85 00:03:06,180 --> 00:03:08,180 Allah will compensate them with something far better 86 00:03:08,180 --> 00:03:10,180 than what was lost. 87 00:03:10,180 --> 00:03:12,180 It proves the legitimacy of using equivocation (double entendre) 88 00:03:12,180 --> 00:03:14,180 in cases of necessity, 89 00:03:14,180 --> 00:03:16,180 provided that it does not invalidate a right 90 00:03:16,180 --> 00:03:18,180 belonging to a Muslim. 91 00:03:18,180 --> 00:03:20,180 It shows the obligation of responding to the supplication of the Prophet 92 00:03:20,180 --> 00:03:22,180 (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 93 00:03:22,180 --> 00:03:24,180 The hadith also illustrates 94 00:03:24,180 --> 00:03:28,289 the virtue of patience and anticipating Allah's reward. 95 00:03:28,289 --> 00:03:32,289 Chapter: The Statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): 96 00:03:32,289 --> 00:03:34,289 "Indeed, we are grieved by your departure." 97 00:03:34,289 --> 00:03:37,090 On the authority of Anas Ibn Malik 98 00:03:37,090 --> 00:03:39,090 (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 99 00:03:39,090 --> 00:03:41,090 We entered along with the Messenger of Allah 100 00:03:41,090 --> 00:03:43,090 (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 101 00:03:43,090 --> 00:03:45,090 upon Abu Sayf 102 00:03:45,090 --> 00:03:47,090 the blacksmith, 103 00:03:47,090 --> 00:03:49,090 who was the foster father of Ibrahim (peace be upon him). 104 00:03:49,090 --> 00:03:51,150 The Messenger of Allah 105 00:03:51,150 --> 00:03:53,150 (peace be upon him) took 106 00:03:53,150 --> 00:03:55,150 Ibrahim, 107 00:03:55,150 --> 00:03:57,250 kissed him, and smelled his fragrance. 108 00:03:57,250 --> 00:03:59,250 Later on, we entered upon him 109 00:03:59,250 --> 00:04:01,250 while Ibrahim was drawing 110 00:04:01,250 --> 00:04:03,250 his last breaths. 111 00:04:03,250 --> 00:04:05,250 Thereupon, the eyes of the Messenger of Allah 112 00:04:05,250 --> 00:04:07,250 (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 113 00:04:07,250 --> 00:04:09,250 began shedding tears. 114 00:04:09,250 --> 00:04:11,250 'Abd al-Rahman 115 00:04:11,250 --> 00:04:13,250 Ibn 'Awf (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him, 116 00:04:13,250 --> 00:04:15,250 "Even you, O Messenger of Allah?" 117 00:04:15,250 --> 00:04:17,250 He replied, 118 00:04:17,250 --> 00:04:19,250 "O Ibn 'Awf, 119 00:04:19,250 --> 00:04:21,379 it is mercy." 120 00:04:21,379 --> 00:04:23,379 He then wept further 121 00:04:23,379 --> 00:04:25,379 and said (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 122 00:04:25,379 --> 00:04:27,379 "Indeed, the eye sheds tears, 123 00:04:27,379 --> 00:04:29,379 and the heart grieves, 124 00:04:29,379 --> 00:04:31,379 but we do not say 125 00:04:31,379 --> 00:04:33,379 anything except what pleases our Lord. 126 00:04:33,379 --> 00:04:35,379 And indeed, at your departure, 127 00:04:35,379 --> 00:04:37,379 O Ibrahim, 128 00:04:37,379 --> 00:04:39,379 we are deeply grieved." 129 00:04:40,050 --> 00:04:42,050 Commentary on the Hadith: 130 00:04:42,050 --> 00:04:44,560 "Upon Abu Sayf 131 00:04:44,560 --> 00:04:46,560 the blacksmith": 132 00:04:46,560 --> 00:04:48,560 his name was al-Bara' Ibn Aws al-Ansari, 133 00:04:48,560 --> 00:04:50,560 and al-qayn 134 00:04:50,560 --> 00:04:52,589 means a blacksmith. 135 00:04:52,589 --> 00:04:54,589 "He was a zi'r" 136 00:04:54,589 --> 00:04:56,589 means the husband of the wet nurse. 137 00:04:56,589 --> 00:04:58,589 The wet nurse was Umm Burdah, 138 00:04:58,589 --> 00:05:02,589 Khawlah bint al-Mundhir al-Ansariyyah, 139 00:05:02,589 --> 00:05:04,879 from the clan of Banu al-Najjar. 140 00:05:04,879 --> 00:05:06,879 "Drawing his last breaths" (yajudu bi-nafsih) 141 00:05:06,879 --> 00:05:08,879 means his soul was departing and he was giving it up, 142 00:05:08,879 --> 00:05:10,879 just as a person generously gives 143 00:05:10,879 --> 00:05:13,040 away his wealth. 144 00:05:13,040 --> 00:05:15,040 "Began shedding tears" (tadhrifan) 145 00:05:15,040 --> 00:05:17,100 means tears were flowing from them. 146 00:05:17,100 --> 00:05:19,100 "He then wept further" 147 00:05:19,100 --> 00:05:21,100 means he shed another tear. 148 00:05:21,100 --> 00:05:23,300 Key Benefits of the Hadith: 149 00:05:23,300 --> 00:05:26,000 In the hadith 150 00:05:26,000 --> 00:05:28,000 is the mention of Ibrahim, the son of the Prophet 151 00:05:28,000 --> 00:05:30,000 (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 152 00:05:30,000 --> 00:05:32,100 and his death. 153 00:05:32,100 --> 00:05:34,100 It demonstrates the legitimacy of hiring a wet nurse 154 00:05:34,100 --> 00:05:36,100 for children. 155 00:05:36,100 --> 00:05:38,100 The hadith also shows that tribulation 156 00:05:38,100 --> 00:05:40,100 may come in the form of the death of children, 157 00:05:40,100 --> 00:05:42,100 which is among the greatest of trials. 158 00:05:42,100 --> 00:05:44,100 It proves the permissibility of kissing 159 00:05:44,100 --> 00:05:46,100 a person who is near death 160 00:05:46,100 --> 00:05:48,100 as a gesture of farewell. 161 00:05:48,100 --> 00:05:50,160 It indicates the permissibility of natural weeping 162 00:05:50,160 --> 00:05:52,160 and sorrow, 163 00:05:52,160 --> 00:05:54,160 free from the pre-Islamic practices of lamentation. 164 00:05:54,160 --> 00:05:56,160 It highlights 165 00:05:56,160 --> 00:05:58,160 the complete compassion of the Prophet 166 00:05:58,160 --> 00:06:00,160 (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 167 00:06:00,160 --> 00:06:02,160 and his tender mercy. 168 00:06:02,160 --> 00:06:04,160 The hadith demonstrates that showing mercy 169 00:06:04,160 --> 00:06:06,160 to children is innate. 170 00:06:06,160 --> 00:06:08,160 It shows that a follower may inquire 171 00:06:08,160 --> 00:06:10,160 about the action of a scholar 172 00:06:10,160 --> 00:06:12,160 if he does something that seems surprising. 173 00:06:12,160 --> 00:06:14,160 It indicates the recommendation to restrain 174 00:06:14,160 --> 00:06:16,160 grief as much as possible, 175 00:06:16,160 --> 00:06:18,160 though there is no harm if a person naturally displays 176 00:06:18,160 --> 00:06:20,160 what is unavoidable. 177 00:06:20,160 --> 00:06:22,220 The hadith illustrates 178 00:06:22,220 --> 00:06:24,220 the virtue of submission, contentment, 179 00:06:24,220 --> 00:06:26,220 and patience with the divine decrees. 180 00:06:26,220 --> 00:06:28,220 It establishes that weeping 181 00:06:28,220 --> 00:06:30,220 and sorrow do not contradict 182 00:06:30,220 --> 00:06:32,220 contentment with Allah's decree and predestination, 183 00:06:32,220 --> 00:06:34,220 as long as the grieving person does not commit 184 00:06:34,220 --> 00:06:36,220 any violation of the Sacred Law. 185 00:06:36,220 --> 00:06:40,370 Chapter: Weeping 186 00:06:40,370 --> 00:06:43,040 in the Presence of the Sick. 187 00:06:43,040 --> 00:06:45,040 On the authority of 'Abdullah Ibn 'Umar 188 00:06:45,040 --> 00:06:47,040 (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: 189 00:06:47,040 --> 00:06:49,040 Sa'd Ibn 'Ubadah fell ill 190 00:06:49,040 --> 00:06:51,040 with an ailment of his, 191 00:06:51,040 --> 00:06:53,040 so the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) came 192 00:06:53,040 --> 00:06:55,040 to visit him, along with 193 00:06:55,040 --> 00:06:57,040 'Abd al-Rahman Ibn 'Awf, 194 00:06:57,040 --> 00:06:59,040 Sa'd Ibn Abi Waqqas, 195 00:06:59,040 --> 00:07:01,040 and 'Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud 196 00:07:01,040 --> 00:07:03,040 (may Allah be pleased with them). 197 00:07:03,040 --> 00:07:05,040 When he entered upon him, 198 00:07:05,040 --> 00:07:07,040 he found him unconscious, surrounded by 199 00:07:07,040 --> 00:07:09,069 his family." 200 00:07:09,069 --> 00:07:11,069 He asked, "Has he passed away?" 201 00:07:11,069 --> 00:07:13,069 They replied, "No, 202 00:07:13,069 --> 00:07:15,100 O Messenger of Allah." 203 00:07:15,100 --> 00:07:17,100 Thereupon, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) wept. 204 00:07:17,100 --> 00:07:21,139 When the people saw the Prophet's weeping, 205 00:07:21,139 --> 00:07:23,139 they wept as well. 206 00:07:23,139 --> 00:07:25,139 So he said, 207 00:07:25,139 --> 00:07:27,139 "Do you not hear? 208 00:07:27,139 --> 00:07:29,139 Indeed, Allah does not punish 209 00:07:29,139 --> 00:07:31,139 because of the shedding of tears, nor 210 00:07:31,139 --> 00:07:33,139 because of the grief of the heart, 211 00:07:33,139 --> 00:07:35,139 but rather He punishes because of this"— 212 00:07:35,139 --> 00:07:37,139 and he pointed to his tongue— 213 00:07:37,139 --> 00:07:39,139 "or He shows mercy. 214 00:07:39,139 --> 00:07:41,139 And surely the deceased 215 00:07:41,139 --> 00:07:43,139 is tormented by the wailing of his family 216 00:07:43,139 --> 00:07:45,389 over him." 217 00:07:45,389 --> 00:07:47,389 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) used to 218 00:07:47,389 --> 00:07:49,389 strike with a stick for doing so, 219 00:07:49,389 --> 00:07:51,389 pelt with stones, 220 00:07:51,389 --> 00:07:54,029 and fling dust. 221 00:07:54,029 --> 00:07:56,029 Commentary on the hadith: 222 00:07:56,029 --> 00:07:58,610 "Fell ill" (ishtaka) 223 00:07:58,610 --> 00:08:00,610 means he became sick. 224 00:08:00,610 --> 00:08:02,610 "Visiting him" (ya'uduhu): 225 00:08:02,610 --> 00:08:04,740 'Iyadah refers to visiting the sick. 226 00:08:04,740 --> 00:08:06,740 "Surrounded by his family" (fi ghashiyati ahlihi): 227 00:08:06,740 --> 00:08:08,740 What is meant is 228 00:08:08,740 --> 00:08:10,740 the people present with him, 229 00:08:10,740 --> 00:08:12,740 who surround him to serve him. 230 00:08:12,740 --> 00:08:14,740 It is also said to mean 231 00:08:14,740 --> 00:08:16,740 the severe agony of pain that enveloped him 232 00:08:16,740 --> 00:08:18,829 which he was suffering from. 233 00:08:18,829 --> 00:08:20,829 "Has he passed away?" (qad qada) 234 00:08:20,829 --> 00:08:22,829 means: has he died? 235 00:08:22,829 --> 00:08:24,829 "Rather He punishes because of this"— 236 00:08:24,829 --> 00:08:26,829 and he pointed to his tongue— 237 00:08:26,829 --> 00:08:28,829 meaning: He punishes because of what issues from it 238 00:08:28,829 --> 00:08:30,829 of the sayings of pre-Islamic ignorance (Jahiliyyah), 239 00:08:30,829 --> 00:08:32,860 "or He shows mercy," 240 00:08:32,860 --> 00:08:34,860 meaning: if He chooses not to execute the threat against him. 241 00:08:34,860 --> 00:08:36,860 It is also said: 242 00:08:36,860 --> 00:08:38,860 He shows mercy to whoever speaks good 243 00:08:38,860 --> 00:08:40,860 and surrenders to the decree of Allah Almighty. 244 00:08:40,860 --> 00:08:42,929 "Used to strike for it" 245 00:08:42,929 --> 00:08:44,929 means: he would strike whoever wailed over the deceased, 246 00:08:44,929 --> 00:08:46,929 "and fling dust," 247 00:08:46,929 --> 00:08:48,929 meaning into their mouths, 248 00:08:48,929 --> 00:08:50,929 in compliance with the Prophetic command. 249 00:08:50,929 --> 00:08:53,409 Key benefits of the hadith: 250 00:08:53,409 --> 00:08:55,409 Derived from the hadith is 251 00:08:55,409 --> 00:08:58,110 the recommendation of visiting the sick, 252 00:08:58,110 --> 00:09:00,110 both individually and in groups. 253 00:09:00,110 --> 00:09:02,110 It indicates the legitimacy of 254 00:09:02,110 --> 00:09:04,110 enjoining good 255 00:09:04,110 --> 00:09:06,110 and forbidding evil, 256 00:09:06,110 --> 00:09:08,110 warning against falling 257 00:09:08,110 --> 00:09:10,110 into sinful deeds, 258 00:09:10,110 --> 00:09:12,110 and making clear the threat of punishment for them. 259 00:09:12,110 --> 00:09:16,210 It shows the permissibility of people joining a weeping person in his weeping. 260 00:09:16,210 --> 00:09:18,299 The hadith also explains that the deceased 261 00:09:18,299 --> 00:09:20,299 is tormented by the wailing of his family over him. 262 00:09:20,299 --> 00:09:22,299 It affirms the punishment of the grave. 263 00:09:22,299 --> 00:09:26,299 It indicates the permissibility of changing evil by hand for the ruler 264 00:09:26,299 --> 00:09:28,299 and those holding similar authority. 265 00:09:28,299 --> 00:09:34,299 It demonstrates the perfection of the Prophet's compassion (peace be upon him) 266 00:09:34,299 --> 00:09:36,299 and his mercy toward his Companions and his Ummah, 267 00:09:36,299 --> 00:09:40,299 as well as his inquiring (peace be upon him) 268 00:09:41,299 --> 00:09:44,299 after their conditions and visiting them. 269 00:09:44,299 --> 00:09:49,299 The hadith also points to the Sunnah of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs. 270 00:09:49,299 --> 00:09:54,539 Chapter: What is Prohibited of Wailing and Weeping, 271 00:09:54,539 --> 00:09:56,539 and the Rebuke Against That. 272 00:09:56,539 --> 00:10:00,659 On the authority of Umm 'Atiyyah, who said: 273 00:10:00,659 --> 00:10:04,659 "We gave the pledge of allegiance to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 274 00:10:04,659 --> 00:10:06,659 and he recited to us: 275 00:10:06,659 --> 00:10:09,659 'that they will not associate anything with Allah,' 276 00:10:09,659 --> 00:10:12,659 and he forbade us from wailing. 277 00:10:12,659 --> 00:10:15,659 Thereupon, a woman among us pulled her hand back 278 00:10:15,659 --> 00:10:16,659 and said, 279 00:10:16,659 --> 00:10:18,659 'So-and-so comforted me in wailing, 280 00:10:18,659 --> 00:10:21,659 and I want to reciprocate her.' 281 00:10:21,659 --> 00:10:24,659 But he said nothing. 282 00:10:24,659 --> 00:10:26,659 So she went away and then returned, 283 00:10:26,659 --> 00:10:31,659 and none of the women fulfilled that pledge except Umm Sulaym, Umm al-'Ala', 284 00:10:31,659 --> 00:10:33,659 and the daughter of Abi Sabrah, 285 00:10:33,659 --> 00:10:35,659 the wife of Mu'adh; 286 00:10:35,659 --> 00:10:37,659 or the daughter of Abi Sabrah 287 00:10:37,659 --> 00:10:39,659 and the wife of Mu'adh." 288 00:10:39,659 --> 00:10:40,889 In another narration: 289 00:10:40,889 --> 00:10:42,889 "and the daughter of Abi Sabrah, 290 00:10:42,889 --> 00:10:44,889 the wife of Mu'adh, 291 00:10:44,889 --> 00:10:45,889 and two other women"; 292 00:10:45,889 --> 00:10:47,889 or: "the daughter of Abi Sabrah, 293 00:10:47,889 --> 00:10:49,889 and the wife of Mu'adh, 294 00:10:49,889 --> 00:10:51,889 and another woman." 295 00:10:51,889 --> 00:10:55,750 Commentary on the hadith: 296 00:10:55,750 --> 00:11:00,100 "We gave the pledge of allegiance to the Prophet (peace be upon him)" 297 00:11:00,100 --> 00:11:04,100 refers to the pact made when he accepted their pledge upon entering Islam. 298 00:11:04,100 --> 00:11:07,139 "A woman among us pulled her hand back" 299 00:11:07,139 --> 00:11:09,139 means she refrained from completing the pledge, 300 00:11:09,139 --> 00:11:13,139 and that woman was Umm 'Atiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her), 301 00:11:13,139 --> 00:11:16,139 but she kept herself anonymous. 302 00:11:16,139 --> 00:11:18,230 "So-and-so comforted me in wailing": 303 00:11:18,230 --> 00:11:21,230 A woman was said to comfort another woman 304 00:11:21,230 --> 00:11:26,230 when she joined her in wailing, responding to her cries. 305 00:11:26,230 --> 00:11:28,490 "To reciprocate her" 306 00:11:28,490 --> 00:11:32,580 means: by wailing with her just as she wailed with me. 307 00:11:32,580 --> 00:11:34,580 "None of the women fulfilled that pledge" 308 00:11:34,580 --> 00:11:37,000 means: in completely abandoning wailing. 309 00:11:37,000 --> 00:11:40,860 Key benefits of the hadith: 310 00:11:40,860 --> 00:11:42,860 The hadith establishes the prohibition of wailing, 311 00:11:42,860 --> 00:11:45,860 and the importance of condemning and forbidding it, 312 00:11:45,860 --> 00:11:49,860 for it inflames grief and repels patience, 313 00:11:49,860 --> 00:11:52,860 and it contradicts submission to the divine decree 314 00:11:52,860 --> 00:11:55,860 and yielding to the command of Allah Almighty. 315 00:11:55,860 --> 00:11:59,929 The hadith indicates returning favors and assistance, 316 00:11:59,929 --> 00:12:01,929 and reciprocating good deeds, 317 00:12:01,929 --> 00:12:03,929 as long as it does not involve sin. 318 00:12:03,929 --> 00:12:10,500 It also highlights the virtue of fulfilling pledges and promises. 319 00:12:10,500 --> 00:12:14,039 Chapter: Standing Up for a Funeral Procession. 320 00:12:14,039 --> 00:12:17,039 On the authority of 'Amir ibn Rabi'ah (may Allah be pleased with him), 321 00:12:17,039 --> 00:12:21,100 on the authority of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said: 322 00:12:21,100 --> 00:12:24,100 "When one of you sees a funeral procession, 323 00:12:24,100 --> 00:12:27,100 if he is not walking with it, 324 00:12:27,100 --> 00:12:31,100 let him stand until it leaves him behind or he leaves it behind, 325 00:12:31,100 --> 00:12:34,100 or until it is set down before it leaves him behind." 326 00:12:34,100 --> 00:12:38,220 Commentary on the hadith: 327 00:12:38,220 --> 00:12:41,220 "Let him stand until it leaves him behind or he leaves it behind": 328 00:12:41,220 --> 00:12:44,220 that is, until he passes ahead of the funeral procession, 329 00:12:44,220 --> 00:12:48,220 or the funeral procession passes ahead of him and leaves him behind, 330 00:12:48,220 --> 00:12:51,220 and what is meant is parting company with it. 331 00:12:51,220 --> 00:12:53,289 "Or it is set down" 332 00:12:53,289 --> 00:12:57,799 means: the bier is lowered from the men's shoulders onto the ground. 333 00:12:57,799 --> 00:13:01,730 Key benefits of the hadith: 334 00:13:01,730 --> 00:13:06,730 The hadith highlights the virtue of accompanying a funeral until it is placed in its niche. 335 00:13:06,730 --> 00:13:09,730 It indicates the recommendation of standing for a funeral procession 336 00:13:09,730 --> 00:13:12,730 for one who is not accompanying it and witnesses it passing by. 337 00:13:12,730 --> 00:13:14,759 The apparent wording of the hadith 338 00:13:14,759 --> 00:13:19,759 suggests that one should stand as soon as he sees it, before it reaches him. 339 00:13:19,759 --> 00:13:23,759 It indicates that the time for sitting down for one passed by a funeral 340 00:13:23,759 --> 00:13:26,759 is when it is set down on the ground, if he is following it; 341 00:13:26,759 --> 00:13:29,759 whereas if he is not following it, 342 00:13:29,759 --> 00:13:32,759 he remains standing until the funeral passes out of sight. 343 00:13:32,759 --> 00:13:36,580 Chapter: 344 00:13:36,580 --> 00:13:39,580 When One Sits Down If He Stood for a Funeral Procession. 345 00:13:39,580 --> 00:13:43,350 On the authority of Sa'id al-Maqburi, 346 00:13:43,350 --> 00:13:45,350 on the authority of his father, who said: 347 00:13:45,350 --> 00:13:47,350 "We were at a funeral, 348 00:13:47,350 --> 00:13:51,350 and Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) took Marwan by the hand, 349 00:13:51,350 --> 00:13:54,350 and they sat down before it was lowered. 350 00:13:54,350 --> 00:13:57,379 Then Abu Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with him) came, 351 00:13:57,379 --> 00:14:00,379 took Marwan by the hand, and said, 352 00:14:00,379 --> 00:14:01,379 'Stand up! 353 00:14:01,379 --> 00:14:05,379 For by Allah, this man surely knows that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 354 00:14:05,379 --> 00:14:08,379 forbade us from doing that.' 355 00:14:08,379 --> 00:14:10,379 Thereupon, Abu Hurayrah said, 356 00:14:10,379 --> 00:14:11,379 'He has spoken the truth.'" 357 00:14:11,379 --> 00:14:14,929 Commentary on the hadith: 358 00:14:14,929 --> 00:14:16,340 "Stand up!" 359 00:14:16,340 --> 00:14:18,340 means: for the funeral procession. 360 00:14:18,340 --> 00:14:20,440 "For by Allah, this man surely knows 361 00:14:20,440 --> 00:14:24,440 that the Prophet (peace be upon him) forbade us from doing that": 362 00:14:24,440 --> 00:14:28,440 meaning that Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) knew 363 00:14:28,440 --> 00:14:35,440 that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) forbade us from sitting before the funeral is lowered. 364 00:14:35,440 --> 00:14:39,440 "He has spoken the truth"—meaning Abu Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with him). 365 00:14:39,440 --> 00:14:43,340 Key benefits of the hadith: 366 00:14:43,340 --> 00:14:48,340 The hadith demonstrates the Companions' adherence to the Sunnah, 367 00:14:48,340 --> 00:14:51,340 and their alerting people to follow the Prophetic guidance. 368 00:14:51,340 --> 00:14:56,340 It shows the legitimacy of enjoining good and forbidding evil, 369 00:14:56,340 --> 00:15:03,259 and supporting enjoining good and forbidding evil with textual evidence. 370 00:15:03,259 --> 00:15:06,259 Chapter: Whoever Follows a Funeral Procession 371 00:15:06,259 --> 00:15:10,259 Shall Not Sit Until It Is Lowered from the Shoulders of Men; 372 00:15:10,259 --> 00:15:14,179 and If He Sits, He Is Commanded to Stand. 373 00:15:14,179 --> 00:15:17,179 On the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him), 374 00:15:17,179 --> 00:15:21,279 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said: 375 00:15:21,279 --> 00:15:24,279 "When you see a funeral procession, stand up; 376 00:15:24,279 --> 00:15:28,279 and whoever follows it must not sit down until it is placed down." 377 00:15:28,279 --> 00:15:31,789 Commentary on the hadith: 378 00:15:31,789 --> 00:15:34,080 "Until it is placed down" 379 00:15:34,080 --> 00:15:38,080 means: the bier is lowered from the men's shoulders onto the ground. 380 00:15:38,080 --> 00:15:41,080 It is also said to mean: placed in its niche. 381 00:15:41,080 --> 00:15:44,269 Key benefits of the hadith: 382 00:15:44,269 --> 00:15:49,850 The hadith shows the virtue of accompanying a funeral until it is placed in its niche. 383 00:15:49,850 --> 00:15:55,909 It indicates the recommendation of standing for a funeral for one who is not accompanying it and sees it passing by. 384 00:15:55,909 --> 00:16:02,909 The apparent wording of the hadith indicates that one stands as soon as he sees it, before it reaches him. 385 00:16:02,909 --> 00:16:06,909 It indicates that the time for sitting down for one whom a funeral passes 386 00:16:06,909 --> 00:16:09,909 is when it is lowered onto the ground, if he is following it; 387 00:16:09,909 --> 00:16:11,909 whereas if he is not following it, 388 00:16:11,909 --> 00:16:15,909 he remains standing until the funeral passes out of sight. 389 00:16:15,909 --> 00:16:20,990 Chapter: One Who Stood Up for the Funeral of a Jew. 390 00:16:20,990 --> 00:16:25,629 On the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: 391 00:16:25,629 --> 00:16:27,700 "A funeral procession passed by us, 392 00:16:27,700 --> 00:16:31,700 so the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) stood up for it, 393 00:16:31,700 --> 00:16:33,700 and we stood up with him. 394 00:16:33,700 --> 00:16:36,700 We then said, 'O Messenger of Allah, 395 00:16:36,700 --> 00:16:38,700 it is the funeral of a Jew!' 396 00:16:38,700 --> 00:16:43,730 He said, 'When you see a funeral procession, stand up.'" 397 00:16:43,730 --> 00:16:47,139 Commentary on the Hadith: 398 00:16:47,139 --> 00:16:48,620 "We stood up for it" 399 00:16:48,620 --> 00:16:53,620 means: we stood up because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) stood up. 400 00:16:53,620 --> 00:16:56,940 Key Lessons from the Hadith: 401 00:16:56,940 --> 00:16:59,679 From this hadith we learn: 402 00:16:59,679 --> 00:17:03,679 An indication of the Prophet's complete compassion 403 00:17:03,679 --> 00:17:05,680 and his mercy toward creation; 404 00:17:05,680 --> 00:17:09,740 and that in death there is an admonition for creation; 405 00:17:09,740 --> 00:17:12,940 and that it is recommended to stand up for a funeral procession, 406 00:17:12,940 --> 00:17:15,940 even if the deceased was a non-Muslim; 407 00:17:15,940 --> 00:17:18,970 and an illustration of the Companions' absolute submission 408 00:17:18,970 --> 00:17:21,970 and adherence to the Prophetic guidance; 409 00:17:21,970 --> 00:17:25,970 and the permissibility of inquiring about and seeking clarification regarding his actions. 410 00:17:25,970 --> 00:17:31,950 On the authority of 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Layla, who said: 411 00:17:31,950 --> 00:17:34,950 Sahl ibn Hunayf and Qays ibn Sa'd 412 00:17:34,950 --> 00:17:37,950 were sitting in al-Qadisiyyah, 413 00:17:37,950 --> 00:17:39,950 when a funeral procession passed by them, 414 00:17:39,950 --> 00:17:41,950 so they both stood up. 415 00:17:41,950 --> 00:17:43,950 It was said to them: 416 00:17:43,950 --> 00:17:45,950 "It is one of the people of the land," 417 00:17:45,950 --> 00:17:47,950 meaning one of the *dhimmis* (non-Muslim subjects). 418 00:17:47,950 --> 00:17:49,950 So they said: 419 00:17:49,950 --> 00:17:52,950 "A funeral procession passed by the Prophet (peace be upon him), 420 00:17:52,950 --> 00:17:55,950 and he stood up. 421 00:17:55,950 --> 00:17:57,950 It was said to him: 422 00:17:57,950 --> 00:17:59,950 'It is the funeral of a Jew!' 423 00:17:59,950 --> 00:18:01,950 So he replied: 424 00:18:01,950 --> 00:18:03,950 'Is it not a soul?'" 425 00:18:03,950 --> 00:18:08,099 Commentary on the Hadith: 426 00:18:08,099 --> 00:18:10,099 "In al-Qadisiyyah": 427 00:18:10,099 --> 00:18:13,099 It is a small town with date palms and water, 428 00:18:13,099 --> 00:18:16,099 two stages of travel away from Kufa. 429 00:18:16,099 --> 00:18:18,170 "From the *dhimmis*": 430 00:18:18,170 --> 00:18:21,170 The *dhimmis* were called "the people of the land" 431 00:18:21,170 --> 00:18:24,170 because when the Muslims conquered the lands, 432 00:18:24,170 --> 00:18:28,170 they left them to work the land and pay the land tax (*kharaj*). 433 00:18:28,170 --> 00:18:30,359 "Is it not a soul?": 434 00:18:30,359 --> 00:18:34,359 Meaning, standing for it was out of reverence for the gravity and reminder of death. 435 00:18:34,359 --> 00:18:37,519 Key Lessons from the Hadith: 436 00:18:37,519 --> 00:18:40,259 From this hadith we learn: 437 00:18:40,259 --> 00:18:44,259 The recommendation to stand up for the funeral processions of *dhimmis*; 438 00:18:44,259 --> 00:18:47,259 and that death is a reality binding upon every soul; 439 00:18:47,259 --> 00:18:49,259 and that in it lies a profound admonition. 440 00:18:49,259 --> 00:18:55,299 Chapter: Men Carrying the Bier, Not Women 441 00:18:55,299 --> 00:18:59,069 On the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him), 442 00:18:59,069 --> 00:19:03,069 that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 443 00:19:03,069 --> 00:19:06,069 "When the bier is placed 444 00:19:06,069 --> 00:19:09,069 and the men carry it on their shoulders: 445 00:19:09,069 --> 00:19:12,069 if it was righteous, it says, 446 00:19:12,069 --> 00:19:15,069 'Hasten me forward! Hasten me forward!' 447 00:19:15,069 --> 00:19:18,069 But if it was unrighteous, it says, 448 00:19:19,069 --> 00:19:23,069 'Woe to it! Where are you taking it?' 449 00:19:23,069 --> 00:19:26,140 Every single creature hears its voice 450 00:19:26,140 --> 00:19:28,140 except humans; 451 00:19:28,140 --> 00:19:31,940 and were a human to hear it, he would collapse unconscious." 452 00:19:35,509 --> 00:19:37,509 "When the bier is placed": 453 00:19:37,509 --> 00:19:39,539 meaning in its coffin. 454 00:19:39,539 --> 00:19:41,539 "Woe to it!": 455 00:19:41,539 --> 00:19:44,539 meaning, when it sees that it was unrighteous, 456 00:19:44,539 --> 00:19:47,539 it recoils from itself, speaking of itself as if it were someone else, 457 00:19:47,539 --> 00:19:50,539 loathing to attribute woe directly to itself. 458 00:19:50,539 --> 00:19:52,829 "Would collapse unconscious" (*sa'iqa*): 459 00:19:52,829 --> 00:19:53,829 *Al-sa'q* 460 00:19:53,829 --> 00:19:55,829 means that a person faints 461 00:19:55,829 --> 00:19:57,829 from an intense sound that he hears, 462 00:19:57,829 --> 00:19:59,829 and may even die from it. 463 00:19:59,829 --> 00:20:03,089 Key Lessons from the Hadith: 464 00:20:03,089 --> 00:20:06,920 In the hadith is evidence that the deceased knows their destination 465 00:20:06,920 --> 00:20:09,980 before being placed in their grave; 466 00:20:09,980 --> 00:20:12,980 and it contains an allusion to the punishment and bliss of the grave, 467 00:20:12,980 --> 00:20:16,980 for the righteous soul says, "Hasten me forward to it," 468 00:20:16,980 --> 00:20:18,980 unlike the unrighteous soul. 469 00:20:18,980 --> 00:20:24,160 Chapter: Walking Fast with the Bier 470 00:20:24,160 --> 00:20:27,900 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 471 00:20:27,900 --> 00:20:31,900 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said: 472 00:20:31,900 --> 00:20:33,900 "Hasten with the bier; 473 00:20:33,900 --> 00:20:37,900 for if it is righteous, it is good that you are forwarding it to, 474 00:20:37,900 --> 00:20:39,900 and if it is otherwise, 475 00:20:39,900 --> 00:20:43,900 it is an evil you are putting off your necks." 476 00:20:43,900 --> 00:20:47,789 Commentary on the Hadith: 477 00:20:47,789 --> 00:20:50,339 "Hasten with the bier": 478 00:20:50,339 --> 00:20:56,339 What is meant is a pace between running and normal walking. 479 00:20:56,339 --> 00:21:03,339 It has also been said to mean hastening its preparation and burial once death is verified. 480 00:21:03,339 --> 00:21:06,660 Key Lessons from the Hadith: 481 00:21:06,660 --> 00:21:09,359 From this hadith we learn: 482 00:21:09,359 --> 00:21:15,359 The recommendation to promptly prepare the deceased and hasten their burial; 483 00:21:15,359 --> 00:21:20,420 and the hadith alludes to shunning the company of corrupt and wicked people. 484 00:21:20,420 --> 00:21:28,440 Chapter: Forming Two or Three Rows Behind the Imam for the Funeral Prayer 485 00:21:28,440 --> 00:21:33,180 On the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdillah (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: 486 00:21:33,180 --> 00:21:36,180 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 487 00:21:36,180 --> 00:21:40,180 "Today a righteous man from Abyssinia has died, 488 00:21:40,180 --> 00:21:43,180 so come and pray over him." 489 00:21:43,180 --> 00:21:45,400 In another narration: 490 00:21:45,400 --> 00:21:48,400 The Prophet (peace be upon him) 491 00:21:48,400 --> 00:21:50,400 prayed over Ashamah, the Negus, 492 00:21:51,400 --> 00:21:53,400 and pronounced four *takbirs*. 493 00:21:53,400 --> 00:21:56,529 He said: "So we formed rows, 494 00:21:56,529 --> 00:21:59,529 and the Prophet (peace be upon him) led the prayer over him 495 00:21:59,529 --> 00:22:02,529 while we were behind him in rows." 496 00:22:02,529 --> 00:22:04,529 Jabir said: 497 00:22:04,529 --> 00:22:06,529 "I was in the second row." 498 00:22:06,529 --> 00:22:10,069 Commentary on the Hadith: 499 00:22:10,069 --> 00:22:14,549 "Today a righteous man from Abyssinia has died": 500 00:22:14,549 --> 00:22:16,579 That was the Negus. 501 00:22:16,579 --> 00:22:19,740 "So come" (*halumma*): meaning, come forward. 502 00:22:19,740 --> 00:22:21,740 "I was in the second row": 503 00:22:21,740 --> 00:22:24,740 It has also been transmitted from Jabir that he said: 504 00:22:24,740 --> 00:22:29,130 "I was in the second or third row." 505 00:22:29,130 --> 00:22:32,829 Key Lessons from the Hadith: 506 00:22:32,829 --> 00:22:36,829 The hadith demonstrates the great virtue of the Negus (may Allah be pleased with him); 507 00:22:36,829 --> 00:22:41,829 and it contains the Prophet's commendation of the Negus, 508 00:22:41,829 --> 00:22:43,829 confirming that he was among the righteous; 509 00:22:43,829 --> 00:22:47,829 and it establishes the permissibility of the funeral prayer in absentia; 510 00:22:47,829 --> 00:22:55,750 and the recommendation to form multiple rows behind the imam in the funeral prayer. 511 00:22:55,750 --> 00:22:59,750 Chapter: Performing the Funeral Prayer in the Prayer Ground and the Mosque 512 00:22:59,750 --> 00:23:04,710 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 513 00:23:04,710 --> 00:23:10,710 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) announced the death of the Negus, ruler of Abyssinia, 514 00:23:10,710 --> 00:23:12,710 on the very day he died, 515 00:23:12,710 --> 00:23:16,710 and said: "Ask forgiveness for your brother." 516 00:23:16,710 --> 00:23:20,289 Commentary on the Hadith: 517 00:23:20,289 --> 00:23:23,700 "He announced the death" (*na'a*): meaning he informed them of his death. 518 00:23:23,700 --> 00:23:27,700 *Al-na'y* is to publicly announce to people that so-and-so has died 519 00:23:27,700 --> 00:23:29,700 so that they may attend his funeral. 520 00:23:29,700 --> 00:23:33,700 Regarding the Negus: it is said his name was Ashamah, 521 00:23:33,700 --> 00:23:35,700 and other names have also been mentioned. 522 00:23:35,700 --> 00:23:38,900 Key Lessons from the Hadith: 523 00:23:38,900 --> 00:23:42,599 The hadith contains a command to seek forgiveness for the deceased; 524 00:23:42,599 --> 00:23:46,599 and it proves that the Negus died as a Muslim, 525 00:23:46,599 --> 00:23:49,599 because the Prophet (peace be upon him) described him 526 00:23:49,599 --> 00:23:52,599 by saying, "for your brother"; 527 00:23:52,599 --> 00:23:55,599 and the hadith is one of the signs of Prophethood, 528 00:23:55,599 --> 00:24:01,599 as the Prophet (peace be upon him) informed them of his death on the very day he died. 529 00:24:01,599 --> 00:24:07,329 On the authority of 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both): 530 00:24:07,329 --> 00:24:11,329 The Jews came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 531 00:24:11,329 --> 00:24:15,329 with a man and a woman from among them who had committed adultery. 532 00:24:15,329 --> 00:24:17,329 So he said to them: 533 00:24:17,329 --> 00:24:20,329 "What do you do with those among you who commit adultery?" 534 00:24:20,329 --> 00:24:24,329 They said: "We blacken their faces and beat them." 535 00:24:24,329 --> 00:24:28,329 In another narration: "We disgrace them and they are flogged." 536 00:24:28,329 --> 00:24:34,329 In another narration: "Our rabbis innovated blackening the face and parading them bent backward." 537 00:24:34,329 --> 00:24:39,329 In another narration: "We smut their faces and humiliate them." 538 00:24:39,329 --> 00:24:44,390 He said: "Do you not find stoning in the Torah?" 539 00:24:44,390 --> 00:24:47,390 They replied: "We do not find anything about it in it." 540 00:24:47,390 --> 00:24:50,390 Thereupon 'Abdullah ibn Salam said to them: 541 00:24:50,390 --> 00:24:56,390 "You have lied! Bring the Torah and recite it, if you are truthful!" 542 00:24:56,390 --> 00:25:02,460 So their teacher, the one who taught it among them, placed his hand over the verse of stoning 543 00:25:02,460 --> 00:25:06,460 and began reading what preceded his hand and what followed it, 544 00:25:06,460 --> 00:25:09,460 omitting the verse of stoning. 545 00:25:09,460 --> 00:25:12,460 Then he had his hand pulled away from the verse of stoning, 546 00:25:12,460 --> 00:25:15,460 and it was asked: "What is this?" 547 00:25:16,460 --> 00:25:21,460 When they saw that, they said: "It is the verse of stoning." 548 00:25:21,460 --> 00:25:28,579 So he ordered that both of them be stoned near the place where funerals were held by the mosque. 549 00:25:28,579 --> 00:25:31,579 In another narration: "Near al-Balat." 550 00:25:31,579 --> 00:25:36,579 "And I saw her companion leaning over her to shield her from the stones." 551 00:25:36,579 --> 00:25:40,839 In another narration: "bending over her against the stones." 552 00:25:40,839 --> 00:25:44,670 Commentary on the Hadith: 553 00:25:44,670 --> 00:25:51,279 "We blacken their faces" (*nuhammimuhuma*): meaning, we smear them with soot, which is coal dust. 554 00:25:51,279 --> 00:25:56,500 Stoning (*al-rajm*): it is pelting with stones until death. 555 00:25:56,500 --> 00:26:00,500 'Abdullah ibn Salam (may Allah be pleased with him): 556 00:26:00,500 --> 00:26:05,500 an illustrious Companion who was formerly one of the foremost Jewish rabbis. 557 00:26:05,500 --> 00:26:08,599 "Bring" (*fa'tu*): meaning, produce it. 558 00:26:08,599 --> 00:26:13,599 "Their teacher placed" (*mudarisuha*): meaning the one who teaches their scriptures; 559 00:26:13,599 --> 00:26:17,599 and *al-midras* is the schoolhouse in which they study. 560 00:26:17,599 --> 00:26:20,730 "He began reading what was before his hand": 561 00:26:20,730 --> 00:26:23,730 meaning he commenced reciting and proceeded with it. 562 00:26:23,730 --> 00:26:26,890 "Then his hand was pulled away from the verse of stoning": 563 00:26:26,890 --> 00:26:28,890 meaning it was removed from it. 564 00:26:28,890 --> 00:26:32,890 "I saw her companion": meaning the adulterer, 565 00:26:32,890 --> 00:26:36,950 "leaning over her": meaning out of sympathy and compassion, 566 00:26:36,950 --> 00:26:38,950 "shielding her from the stones": 567 00:26:38,950 --> 00:26:41,950 that is, protecting her from the stones. 568 00:26:41,950 --> 00:26:45,910 Key Lessons from the Hadith: 569 00:26:45,910 --> 00:26:47,910 From this hadith we learn: 570 00:26:47,910 --> 00:26:50,910 The execution of prescribed legal penalties (*hudud*) upon the People of the Book; 571 00:26:50,910 --> 00:26:53,910 and that the Jews and their rabbis 572 00:26:53,910 --> 00:26:56,910 colluded to alter and conceal the Torah; 573 00:26:56,910 --> 00:27:00,910 and that stoning the adulterer was the law of those before us, 574 00:27:00,910 --> 00:27:03,910 which Islam reaffirmed with its specific conditions; 575 00:27:03,910 --> 00:27:07,910 and the virtue of 'Abdullah ibn Salam (may Allah be pleased with him); 576 00:27:07,910 --> 00:27:10,910 and the deliberate intent of the Jewish rabbis 577 00:27:10,910 --> 00:27:13,980 to conceal the rulings of the Torah; 578 00:27:13,980 --> 00:27:16,980 and the legitimacy of arguing against an opponent 579 00:27:16,980 --> 00:27:22,059 using their own texts and beliefs. 580 00:27:22,059 --> 00:27:26,059 Chapter: What Is Disliked Regarding Taking Graves as Mosques 581 00:27:26,059 --> 00:27:30,859 On the authority of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: 582 00:27:30,859 --> 00:27:33,859 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said 583 00:27:33,859 --> 00:27:36,859 during his illness from which he did not recover: 584 00:27:36,859 --> 00:27:38,859 "May Allah curse the Jews; 585 00:27:38,859 --> 00:27:42,890 they took the graves of their prophets as places of worship." 586 00:27:42,890 --> 00:27:44,890 'A'ishah said: 587 00:27:44,890 --> 00:27:47,890 "Were it not for that, his grave would have been made prominent, 588 00:27:47,890 --> 00:27:51,500 but it was feared that it would be taken as a mosque." 589 00:27:51,500 --> 00:27:55,039 Commentary on the Hadith: 590 00:27:55,039 --> 00:27:58,039 "During his illness from which he did not recover": 591 00:27:58,039 --> 00:28:00,039 meaning his terminal illness. 592 00:28:00,039 --> 00:28:02,039 "May Allah curse the Jews": 593 00:28:02,039 --> 00:28:03,039 Cursing (*al-la'n*) 594 00:28:03,039 --> 00:28:07,170 is expulsion and banishment from the mercy of Allah the Exalted. 595 00:28:07,170 --> 00:28:10,170 "...took the graves of their prophets as places of worship." 596 00:28:10,170 --> 00:28:13,259 That is, they turned them into places of worship. 597 00:28:13,259 --> 00:28:15,259 "His grave would have been made prominent." 598 00:28:15,259 --> 00:28:20,869 Meaning the grave of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) would have been left exposed and made prominent. 599 00:28:20,869 --> 00:28:24,579 Among the benefits derived from the hadith: 600 00:28:24,579 --> 00:28:28,579 The hadith serves as a foundational proof for the legal principle of blocking the means to evil (sadd al-dhara'i'). 601 00:28:28,579 --> 00:28:31,579 It contains a prohibition against combining a mosque and a grave in one place, 602 00:28:31,579 --> 00:28:35,589 and there are further juristic details regarding this. 603 00:28:35,589 --> 00:28:41,099 Chapter: Reciting Surat al-Fatihah in the Funeral Prayer. 604 00:28:41,099 --> 00:28:44,099 On the authority of Talhah Ibn 'Abdullah Ibn 'Awf, who said: 605 00:28:44,099 --> 00:28:49,099 "I prayed behind Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) in a funeral prayer, 606 00:28:49,099 --> 00:28:52,099 and he recited Surat al-Fatihah." 607 00:28:52,099 --> 00:28:53,099 He said: 608 00:28:53,099 --> 00:28:56,779 "So that they would know it is a Sunnah." 609 00:28:56,779 --> 00:29:00,160 Commentary on the hadith: 610 00:29:00,160 --> 00:29:02,160 "So that they would know it is a Sunnah," 611 00:29:02,160 --> 00:29:07,480 meaning that reciting al-Fatihah during the funeral prayer is an established Sunnah. 612 00:29:07,480 --> 00:29:11,279 Among the benefits derived from the hadith: 613 00:29:11,279 --> 00:29:13,279 It is derived from this hadith 614 00:29:13,279 --> 00:29:15,279 that a Companion's statement, "It is from the Sunnah," 615 00:29:15,279 --> 00:29:18,279 carries the ruling of being marfu' (directly attributed to the Prophet). 616 00:29:18,279 --> 00:29:21,279 It also shows that teaching through practical demonstration and personal example 617 00:29:21,279 --> 00:29:23,279 leaves a far deeper impression on the soul.