WEBVTT 00:00:00.020 --> 00:00:03.740 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.740 --> 00:00:13.250 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. 00:00:13.250 --> 00:00:17.769 A concise summary of the Prophetic biography. 00:00:17.769 --> 00:00:22.929 Authored by Shaykh Musa bin Rashid al-Azimi. 00:00:23.089 --> 00:00:27.899 May Allah preserve him. 00:00:27.899 --> 00:00:32.899 The letter of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, to Chosroes. 00:00:32.899 --> 00:00:36.990 And the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, sent out 00:00:37.789 --> 00:00:42.990 'Abdullah ibn Hudhafah al-Sahmi, may Allah be pleased with him, with his letter to Khosrow. 00:00:42.990 --> 00:00:45.060 The King of Persia 00:00:45.060 --> 00:00:48.060 Imam al-Bukhari recorded in his Sahih 00:00:48.060 --> 00:00:51.060 Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that he said: 00:00:51.060 --> 00:00:54.060 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:00:54.060 --> 00:00:57.060 He sent his letter to Khosrow. 00:00:57.060 --> 00:01:00.060 Regarding the account of ‘Abdullah ibn Hudhafah al-Sahmi. 00:01:00.060 --> 00:01:01.060 May Allah be pleased with him. 00:01:01.060 --> 00:01:03.090 He then commanded him to hand it over. 00:01:03.090 --> 00:01:06.120 He then dispatched him to the ruler of Bahrain. 00:01:06.120 --> 00:01:09.120 So the governor of Bahrain dispatched him to Chosroes. 00:01:09.120 --> 00:01:12.120 When he read it, he tore it to pieces. 00:01:12.120 --> 00:01:15.120 I assumed that Ibn al-Musayyib said 00:01:15.120 --> 00:01:18.120 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, then invoked Allah against them. 00:01:18.120 --> 00:01:21.340 That they might be utterly torn apart. 00:01:21.340 --> 00:01:24.340 Imam al-Sindi said: 00:01:24.340 --> 00:01:27.340 By tearing them apart, he intended their division and the cessation of their unity. 00:01:27.340 --> 00:01:30.340 He took possession of their kingdom and eradicated their remnants. 00:01:30.340 --> 00:01:33.340 That came to pass, and thereafter no sovereignty remained among them. 00:01:33.340 --> 00:01:36.469 Imam Ibn Jarir al-Tabari narrated it. 00:01:36.469 --> 00:01:39.469 In his history. 00:01:39.469 --> 00:01:42.469 Yazid Ibn Habib reported: 00:01:42.469 --> 00:01:45.469 'Abdullah Ibn Hudhafah al-Sahmi was dispatched. 00:01:45.469 --> 00:01:48.469 to Kisra ibn Hurmuz, the King of Persia. 00:01:48.469 --> 00:01:51.469 And he wrote with it: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:01:51.469 --> 00:01:54.469 From Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:01:54.469 --> 00:01:57.469 To Khosrow, the Emperor of Persia. 00:01:57.469 --> 00:02:00.469 He followed the guidance and believed in Allah and His Messenger. 00:02:00.469 --> 00:02:03.469 And he testified that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah. 00:02:03.469 --> 00:02:06.469 He is one, with no partner. 00:02:06.469 --> 00:02:09.469 And that Muhammad is His servant and His messenger. 00:02:09.469 --> 00:02:12.469 And I call upon you with the supplication of Allah. 00:02:12.469 --> 00:02:15.469 For I am indeed the Messenger of Allah to all of mankind. 00:02:15.469 --> 00:02:18.469 So that he may warn those who are alive. 00:02:18.469 --> 00:02:21.469 “To warn whosoever liveth, and that the word may be fulfilled against the disbelievers.” (36:70) 00:02:21.469 --> 00:02:24.469 Embrace Islam, and you will be secure. 00:02:25.469 --> 00:02:28.539 When he read it, he tore it up and said: 00:02:28.539 --> 00:02:31.539 He writes this to me, and he is My servant. 00:02:31.539 --> 00:02:34.729 And this [era of] Kisra came to an end. 00:02:34.729 --> 00:02:37.729 During the life of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:02:37.729 --> 00:02:40.729 And the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, informed Kisra of that. 00:02:40.729 --> 00:02:43.759 Ibn Abi Shaybah narrated in his Musannaf 00:02:43.759 --> 00:02:46.759 With a mursal chain of transmission whose narrators are reliable. 00:02:46.759 --> 00:02:49.759 On the authority of ‘Abdullah Ibn Shaddad, he said: 00:02:49.759 --> 00:02:52.759 Kisra wrote to Badhan. 00:02:52.759 --> 00:02:55.759 I have been informed that a man is saying something. 00:02:55.759 --> 00:02:58.759 I do not know what that is. 00:02:58.759 --> 00:03:01.759 So he sent word to him, instructing him to remain in his house. 00:03:01.759 --> 00:03:04.759 And let him not be concerned with the affairs of the people. 00:03:04.759 --> 00:03:07.759 Otherwise, let him appoint a time for me to meet him. 00:03:07.759 --> 00:03:10.759 He said: "Then Badhan sent [a messenger] to..." 00:03:10.759 --> 00:03:13.759 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:03:13.759 --> 00:03:16.759 Two men who had shaved their beards. 00:03:16.759 --> 00:03:19.819 Trimming their mustaches. 00:03:19.819 --> 00:03:22.819 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:03:22.819 --> 00:03:25.819 What is it that compels you both to do this? 00:03:25.819 --> 00:03:28.819 He said, "Those who command us to do it..." 00:03:28.819 --> 00:03:31.860 They claim that He is their Lord. 00:03:31.860 --> 00:03:34.860 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:03:34.860 --> 00:03:37.860 Yet we deviate from your Sunnah. 00:03:37.860 --> 00:03:40.860 We shall complete this and send it off. 00:03:40.860 --> 00:03:44.020 That is, we trim the mustache and let the beard grow. 00:03:44.020 --> 00:03:47.020 He said, "So he left them both." 00:03:48.020 --> 00:03:51.020 Then he said: 00:03:58.020 --> 00:04:01.020 He said, "When?" 00:04:01.020 --> 00:04:04.020 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:04:04.020 --> 00:04:07.020 Today, he set out to see Badhan. 00:04:07.020 --> 00:04:10.020 So they both informed him of the news. 00:04:10.020 --> 00:04:13.020 He said: So he wrote to Chosroes. 00:04:13.020 --> 00:04:16.019 He found that the day he was killed was the very day on which Kisra was defeated. 00:04:16.019 --> 00:04:21.259 The book of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:04:21.259 --> 00:04:25.120 To Caesar. 00:04:25.120 --> 00:04:28.120 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, sent 00:04:28.120 --> 00:04:31.120 Dihyah ibn Khalifah al-Kalbi 00:04:31.120 --> 00:04:34.120 May Allah be pleased with him for his letter to Caesar. 00:04:34.120 --> 00:04:37.120 The King of Rome then handed it over to a dignitary. 00:04:37.120 --> 00:04:40.120 He saw it and handed it over to Heraclius. 00:04:40.120 --> 00:04:43.180 Imam al-Bukhari recorded in his Sahih 00:04:43.180 --> 00:04:46.180 Narrated by ‘Abdullah Ibn ‘Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:04:46.180 --> 00:04:49.220 may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 00:04:49.220 --> 00:04:52.220 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:04:52.220 --> 00:04:55.220 He wrote to Caesar, inviting him to Islam. 00:04:55.220 --> 00:04:58.220 He sent his letter to him with Dihyah. 00:04:58.220 --> 00:05:01.220 Al-Kalbi, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:05:01.220 --> 00:05:04.220 And the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, commanded him. 00:05:04.220 --> 00:05:07.220 That he should entrust it to someone of great insight. 00:05:07.220 --> 00:05:10.310 So that he may deliver it to Kisra. 00:05:10.310 --> 00:05:13.310 The two Shaykhs recorded in their respective Sahih collections 00:05:13.310 --> 00:05:16.310 May Allah be pleased with both of them, he said: 00:05:16.310 --> 00:05:19.310 Abu Sufyan narrated to me directly from his mouth to mine. 00:05:19.310 --> 00:05:22.310 He said, "I set out during that period." 00:05:22.310 --> 00:05:25.310 That which was between me and the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:05:25.310 --> 00:05:28.310 Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:05:28.310 --> 00:05:31.310 What was the duration of the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah? 00:05:31.310 --> 00:05:34.310 He said, "While I was in the Levant..." 00:05:34.310 --> 00:05:37.310 When a letter from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was brought to you. 00:05:37.310 --> 00:05:40.310 to Heraclius 00:05:41.310 --> 00:05:44.310 He then delivered it to the ruler of Busra. 00:05:44.310 --> 00:05:47.310 He then sent it with 'Azim Basra to Heraclius. 00:05:47.310 --> 00:05:50.310 Heraclius then said 00:05:50.310 --> 00:05:53.310 Is there anyone here from this man’s people? 00:05:53.310 --> 00:05:56.310 The one who claims to be a prophet. 00:05:56.310 --> 00:05:59.310 They replied, "Yes." 00:05:59.310 --> 00:06:02.310 So I was invited along with a group from the Quraysh. 00:06:02.310 --> 00:06:05.310 So we entered into the presence of Heraclius. 00:06:05.310 --> 00:06:08.310 He then had us sit before him. 00:06:08.310 --> 00:06:11.310 How can this man, who claims to be a prophet, be anything but a liar? 00:06:11.310 --> 00:06:14.339 Abu Sufyan said 00:06:14.339 --> 00:06:17.339 So I said 00:06:17.339 --> 00:06:20.339 So they seated me before him. 00:06:20.339 --> 00:06:23.339 And have my Companions sit behind me. 00:06:23.339 --> 00:06:26.339 Then he called for his interpreter. 00:06:26.339 --> 00:06:29.339 He said, "Tell them that I am going to ask him this." 00:06:29.339 --> 00:06:32.410 Regarding this man who claims to be a prophet. 00:06:32.410 --> 00:06:35.410 If he calls me a liar, then call him a liar. 00:06:35.410 --> 00:06:38.410 Were it not for the fear that they might attribute falsehood to me, I would have lied. 00:06:38.410 --> 00:06:41.410 Then he said to his interpreter 00:06:41.410 --> 00:06:44.410 Ask him how his lineage is regarded among you. 00:06:44.410 --> 00:06:47.410 He said, "I replied, 'He is among us.'" 00:06:47.410 --> 00:06:50.500 A man of noble lineage said 00:06:50.500 --> 00:06:53.500 Was there, then, any king among his forefathers? 00:06:53.500 --> 00:06:56.500 He said: I replied, "No." 00:06:56.500 --> 00:06:59.500 He asked, "Did you ever accuse him of lying?" 00:06:59.500 --> 00:07:02.500 Before he said what he said. 00:07:02.500 --> 00:07:05.569 He asked, "Will the nobles of the people follow him?" 00:07:05.569 --> 00:07:08.569 Or their weak and vulnerable ones. 00:07:08.569 --> 00:07:11.569 I said, rather, it is their weak ones. 00:07:11.569 --> 00:07:14.569 He said: they increase or decrease. 00:07:14.569 --> 00:07:17.569 I said, "No, rather they are increasing." 00:07:17.569 --> 00:07:20.569 He asked, "Would any of them turn back from their faith?" 00:07:20.569 --> 00:07:23.569 regarding his religion after having entered it, out of displeasure with it. 00:07:23.569 --> 00:07:26.600 I said, "No." 00:07:26.600 --> 00:07:29.600 He asked, "Did you fight him?" 00:07:29.600 --> 00:07:32.600 He asked, "How was your fighting against him?" 00:07:32.600 --> 00:07:35.600 I said, "War will break out between us and him." 00:07:35.600 --> 00:07:38.600 alternating turns 00:07:38.600 --> 00:07:41.600 He receives from us, and we receive from him. 00:07:41.600 --> 00:07:44.600 He asked, "Does he ever betray?" 00:07:44.600 --> 00:07:47.600 I said, "No, and we have been with him throughout this period." 00:07:47.600 --> 00:07:50.600 We do not know what He will do with it. 00:07:50.600 --> 00:07:53.600 He said, "By Allah, it was not possible for me." 00:07:53.600 --> 00:07:56.600 From a statement into which he inserted something other than this. 00:07:57.759 --> 00:08:00.759 He asked, "Did he actually say this?" 00:08:00.759 --> 00:08:03.920 I said, "No one before him." 00:08:03.920 --> 00:08:06.920 Then he said to his interpreter, "Tell him..." 00:08:06.920 --> 00:08:09.920 I asked you about his lineage among you. 00:08:09.920 --> 00:08:12.920 You claimed that he is a man of noble lineage among you. 00:08:12.920 --> 00:08:15.920 Likewise, the messengers are sent among those of noble lineage. 00:08:15.920 --> 00:08:18.980 her people, and she asked you 00:08:18.980 --> 00:08:21.980 Was there any kingship among his forefathers? 00:08:21.980 --> 00:08:24.980 She claimed that there was no [such thing], so I said 00:08:24.980 --> 00:08:27.980 One of his forefathers was a king. 00:08:27.980 --> 00:08:31.079 I said, "He is a man seeking the kingdom of his forefathers." 00:08:31.079 --> 00:08:34.080 And I asked you about his followers, whether they were the weak among them. 00:08:34.080 --> 00:08:37.080 Or their nobles? I replied, "Nay, rather..." 00:08:37.080 --> 00:08:40.080 They are the weak among them, and they are the followers of the messengers. 00:08:40.080 --> 00:08:43.080 And I asked you whether you used to suspect him. 00:08:43.080 --> 00:08:46.080 by lying before he even uttered what he said. 00:08:46.080 --> 00:08:49.080 So you claimed that there is no 00:08:49.080 --> 00:08:52.080 So I realized that he would never have resorted to lying. 00:08:52.080 --> 00:08:55.110 Then he proceeds to fabricate lies against Allah. 00:08:55.110 --> 00:08:58.110 And I asked you whether any of them would renounce their faith. 00:08:58.110 --> 00:09:01.110 from his religion after having entered it. 00:09:01.110 --> 00:09:04.110 His displeasure, and she claimed that there is no 00:09:04.110 --> 00:09:07.110 Likewise, faith, when it permeates the heart... 00:09:07.110 --> 00:09:10.179 The cheerfulness of hearts, and I ask You 00:09:10.179 --> 00:09:13.179 Are they increasing or decreasing? 00:09:13.179 --> 00:09:16.179 She claimed that they were increasing it. 00:09:16.179 --> 00:09:19.179 Likewise, faith must be perfected. 00:09:20.179 --> 00:09:23.179 You claimed that you fought him. 00:09:23.179 --> 00:09:26.179 Thus, the war between you and him will be a seesaw, with victory alternating between you. 00:09:26.179 --> 00:09:29.179 He takes from you, and you take from him. 00:09:29.179 --> 00:09:32.179 Likewise, the messengers are tested. 00:09:32.179 --> 00:09:35.210 Then, the ultimate outcome shall be theirs. 00:09:35.210 --> 00:09:38.210 And I asked you: does he ever betray? 00:09:38.210 --> 00:09:41.210 She claimed that he would never betray a trust. 00:09:41.210 --> 00:09:44.210 Likewise, the messengers do not commit treachery. 00:09:44.210 --> 00:09:47.210 And I asked you whether anyone had expressed this opinion before him. 00:09:47.210 --> 00:09:50.299 So I said, "If only he had said this statement." 00:09:50.299 --> 00:09:53.299 I said, "A man who came before him." 00:09:53.299 --> 00:09:56.340 We follow the statement that was said before it. 00:09:56.340 --> 00:09:59.340 Then he asked, "What does he command you to do?" 00:09:59.340 --> 00:10:02.340 I said, "He commands us to perform prayer and give zakat." 00:10:02.340 --> 00:10:05.340 And maintaining family ties and upholding chastity. 00:10:05.340 --> 00:10:08.340 He said, "If what you say about him is true..." 00:10:08.340 --> 00:10:11.340 Truly, he is a Prophet. 00:10:11.340 --> 00:10:14.340 I already knew that he was going out. 00:10:15.340 --> 00:10:18.340 And if I knew that I could reach him, 00:10:18.340 --> 00:10:21.340 I would have loved to meet him. 00:10:21.340 --> 00:10:24.340 Had I been in his presence, I would have washed his feet. 00:10:24.340 --> 00:10:27.340 And his dominion shall surely reach all that lies beneath my feet. 00:10:27.340 --> 00:10:30.399 He said, "Then he supplicated." 00:10:30.399 --> 00:10:33.399 With the letter of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. 00:10:33.399 --> 00:10:36.399 He read it, and behold, it contained: 00:10:36.399 --> 00:10:39.399 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:10:39.399 --> 00:10:42.399 From Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah. 00:10:43.399 --> 00:10:46.399 “So go ye unto him and say: Lo! we are two messengers of thy Lord. So let the children of Israel go with us, and torment them not. We bring thee a token from thy Lord. And peace will be for him who followeth right guidance.” (20:47) 00:10:46.399 --> 00:10:49.399 To proceed: 00:10:49.399 --> 00:10:52.399 I invite you with the call of Islam. 00:10:52.399 --> 00:10:55.399 Submit, and you shall be safe. 00:10:55.399 --> 00:10:58.399 Submit, and Allah will grant you your reward twice over. 00:10:58.399 --> 00:11:01.399 But if you turn away, then upon you shall be the sin of your subjects. 00:11:01.399 --> 00:11:04.399 “Say: O People of the Scripture! Come to an agreement between us and you: that we shall worship none but Allah, and that we shall ascribe no partner unto Him, and that none of us shall take others for lords beside Allah. And if they turn away, then say: Bear witness that we are they who have surrendered (unto Him).” (3:64) 00:11:04.399 --> 00:11:07.399 “Say: O People of the Scripture! Come to an agreement between us and you: that we shall worship none but Allah, and that we shall ascribe no partner unto Him, and that none of us shall take others for lords beside Allah. And if they turn away, then say: Bear witness that we are they who have surrendered (unto Him).” (3:64) 00:11:07.399 --> 00:11:10.399 “Say: O People of the Scripture! Come to an agreement between us and you: that we shall worship none but Allah, and that we shall ascribe no partner unto Him, and that none of us shall take others for lords beside Allah. And if they turn away, then say: Bear witness that we are they who have surrendered (unto Him).” (3:64) 00:11:10.399 --> 00:11:13.399 “Say: O People of the Scripture! Come to an agreement between us and you: that we shall worship none but Allah, and that we shall ascribe no partner unto Him, and that none of us shall take others for lords beside Allah. And if they turn away, then say: Bear witness that we are they who have surrendered (unto Him).” (3:64) 00:11:13.399 --> 00:11:16.399 “Say: O People of the Scripture! Come to an agreement between us and you: that we shall worship none but Allah, and that we shall ascribe no partner unto Him, and that none of us shall take others for lords beside Allah. And if they turn away, then say: Bear witness that we are they who have surrendered (unto Him).” (3:64) 00:11:16.399 --> 00:11:19.399 “Say: O People of the Scripture! Come to an agreement between us and you: that we shall worship none but Allah, and that we shall ascribe no partner unto Him, and that none of us shall take others for lords beside Allah. And if they turn away, then say: Bear witness that we are they who have surrendered (unto Him).” (3:64) 00:11:19.399 --> 00:11:22.620 So say: "Bear witness that we are Muslims." 00:11:22.620 --> 00:11:25.620 When he finished reading the letter, 00:11:25.620 --> 00:11:28.620 voices rose around him and the clamor increased. 00:11:28.620 --> 00:11:31.620 He ordered us to be taken out, so we were removed. 00:11:31.620 --> 00:11:34.620 He said: I then said to my companions when 00:11:34.620 --> 00:11:37.620 we had left: "The affair of the son of Abu Kabsha has become a great matter." 00:11:38.620 --> 00:11:41.620 "Indeed, the king of the Byzantines fears him." 00:11:41.620 --> 00:11:44.620 I remained certain of the affair of the Messenger of Allah, 00:11:44.620 --> 00:11:47.620 peace be upon him, that 00:11:47.620 --> 00:11:50.620 he would prevail, until Allah brought 00:11:50.620 --> 00:11:53.720 Islam into my heart. I said: 00:11:53.720 --> 00:11:56.720 Heraclius, the king, preferred his kingdom over Islam, 00:11:56.720 --> 00:11:59.720 and the worldly life over the Hereafter. 00:11:59.720 --> 00:12:02.720 Ibn Hibban narrated in his Sahih, 00:12:02.720 --> 00:12:05.720 with an authentic chain of narration from Anas Ibn Malik, 00:12:05.720 --> 00:12:08.720 that he said to the messenger of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him: 00:12:08.720 --> 00:12:11.720 "You see that I am 00:12:11.720 --> 00:12:14.720 fearful for my kingdom." 00:12:14.720 --> 00:12:17.720 Caesar wrote to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him: 00:12:17.720 --> 00:12:20.720 "I am a Muslim." 00:12:20.720 --> 00:12:23.720 And he sent him gold coins. 00:12:23.720 --> 00:12:26.720 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said 00:12:26.720 --> 00:12:29.720 when he read the letter: 00:12:29.720 --> 00:12:32.720 "The enemy of Allah lies; he is not a Muslim." 00:12:33.720 --> 00:12:36.850 And he distributed the gold coins. 00:12:36.850 --> 00:12:39.850 Al-Hafiz said in Al-Fath: 00:12:39.850 --> 00:12:42.850 Among the evidence that Heraclius preferred his kingdom 00:12:42.850 --> 00:12:45.850 over faith and persisted in his misguidance 00:12:45.850 --> 00:12:48.850 is that he fought the Muslims in the Battle of Mu'tah, 00:12:48.850 --> 00:12:51.850 in the eighth year after this incident, 00:12:51.850 --> 00:12:55.360 not two years later. 00:12:55.360 --> 00:12:58.360 A summary of the Prophetic biography. 00:12:58.360 --> 00:13:01.360 If the longing of the worlds 00:13:01.360 --> 00:13:04.360 for one another is long, 00:13:04.360 --> 00:13:07.360 then the longing for you 00:13:07.360 --> 00:13:10.360 has no limit. 00:13:10.360 --> 00:13:13.620 May Allah send blessings upon you 00:13:13.620 --> 00:13:16.620 as long as the call to prayer is raised, 00:13:16.620 --> 00:13:19.940 and as long as your name 00:13:19.940 --> 00:13:22.940 remains 00:13:22.940 --> 00:13:26.639 upon the lips.