1 00:00:00,020 --> 00:00:04,019 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. 2 00:00:04,019 --> 00:00:13,470 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. 3 00:00:13,470 --> 00:00:18,820 *Al-Mukhtasar fi al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah* (The Abridged Prophetic Biography), 4 00:00:18,820 --> 00:00:22,820 Authored by Shaykh Musa ibn Rashid al-'Azimi, 5 00:00:22,820 --> 00:00:24,980 May Allah preserve him. 6 00:00:24,980 --> 00:00:34,259 The Expedition of al-Ta'if. 7 00:00:34,259 --> 00:00:37,259 Imam al-Bukhari said in his *Sahih*: 8 00:00:37,259 --> 00:00:39,259 "Chapter: The Expedition of al-Ta'if, 9 00:00:39,259 --> 00:00:42,259 in Shawwal of the eighth year [of the Hijrah]." 10 00:00:42,259 --> 00:00:44,259 This was stated by Musa ibn 'Uqbah. 11 00:00:44,259 --> 00:00:46,450 Al-Hafiz [Ibn Hajar] said in *Fath al-Bari*: 12 00:00:46,450 --> 00:00:49,450 "Thus he mentioned it in *Al-Maghazi*, 13 00:00:49,450 --> 00:00:54,880 and it is the view of the majority of the scholars of military expeditions." 14 00:00:54,880 --> 00:00:57,420 The reason for the expedition: 15 00:00:57,420 --> 00:00:59,420 Ibn Ishaq said: 16 00:00:59,420 --> 00:01:02,420 When Thaqif arrived in al-Ta'if, 17 00:01:02,420 --> 00:01:05,420 they locked the gates of their city against them 18 00:01:05,420 --> 00:01:08,420 and prepared fortresses and equipment for battle. 19 00:01:08,420 --> 00:01:17,689 The Prophet's march to al-Ta'if: 20 00:01:17,689 --> 00:01:21,689 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) marched to al-Ta'if 21 00:01:21,689 --> 00:01:23,689 as soon as he concluded the Battle of Hunayn, 22 00:01:23,689 --> 00:01:25,689 and he laid siege to them. 23 00:01:25,689 --> 00:01:28,750 Imam Muslim recorded in his *Sahih* 24 00:01:28,750 --> 00:01:32,750 on the authority of Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 25 00:01:32,750 --> 00:01:35,750 "Then we departed for al-Ta'if 26 00:01:35,750 --> 00:01:38,750 and besieged them for forty nights." 27 00:01:38,750 --> 00:01:44,750 Yet Allah, Glorified and Exalted, did not grant His Messenger (peace be upon him) permission to conquer al-Ta'if at that time, 28 00:01:44,750 --> 00:01:50,750 and that was after several attempts by the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) to conquer it. 29 00:01:50,750 --> 00:01:53,849 The two Shaykhs [al-Bukhari and Muslim] recorded in their *Sahih*s 30 00:01:53,849 --> 00:01:57,849 on the authority of 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: 31 00:01:57,849 --> 00:02:02,849 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) besieged the people of al-Ta'if, 32 00:02:02,849 --> 00:02:04,849 but he did not achieve anything against them. 33 00:02:04,849 --> 00:02:06,849 So he said: 34 00:02:06,849 --> 00:02:09,849 'We are returning, if Allah wills.' 35 00:02:09,849 --> 00:02:11,849 That is, turning back. 36 00:02:11,849 --> 00:02:15,979 His Companions said, 'Shall we return without having conquered it?' 37 00:02:15,979 --> 00:02:19,979 So the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said to them: 38 00:02:19,979 --> 00:02:21,979 'Go out to fight in the morning.' 39 00:02:21,979 --> 00:02:24,979 They went out to fight in the morning and suffered many wounds. 40 00:02:24,979 --> 00:02:29,979 So the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said to them: 41 00:02:29,979 --> 00:02:31,979 'We are returning tomorrow.' 42 00:02:31,979 --> 00:02:33,979 That pleased them, 43 00:02:33,979 --> 00:02:37,979 and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) smiled." 44 00:02:37,979 --> 00:02:40,199 Al-Hafiz [Ibn Hajar] said in *Fath al-Bari*: 45 00:02:40,199 --> 00:02:42,199 "The upshot of the report is 46 00:02:42,199 --> 00:02:47,199 that when he first informed them of returning without conquest, they were displeased. 47 00:02:47,199 --> 00:02:51,199 When he saw that, he commanded them to fight. 48 00:02:51,199 --> 00:02:53,199 Yet victory was not granted to them, 49 00:02:53,199 --> 00:02:55,199 and they suffered wounds 50 00:02:55,199 --> 00:02:58,199 because the enemy shot at them from atop the fortress wall; 51 00:02:58,199 --> 00:03:01,199 they struck them with their arrows, 52 00:03:01,199 --> 00:03:04,199 while the Muslims' arrows could not reach those on top of the wall. 53 00:03:04,199 --> 00:03:06,259 When they saw that, 54 00:03:06,259 --> 00:03:09,259 the wisdom of returning became evident to them. 55 00:03:09,259 --> 00:03:13,259 So when he reiterated the decision to return, 56 00:03:13,259 --> 00:03:15,259 it pleased them then. 57 00:03:15,259 --> 00:03:16,259 For this reason, the narrator said: 58 00:03:16,259 --> 00:03:18,259 'He smiled.'" 59 00:03:18,259 --> 00:03:24,439 Praying for the guidance of the people of al-Ta'if: 60 00:03:24,439 --> 00:03:29,020 When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) intended 61 00:03:29,020 --> 00:03:31,020 to withdraw from al-Ta'if, 62 00:03:31,020 --> 00:03:34,020 he prayed for its people to be guided. 63 00:03:34,020 --> 00:03:38,139 Imam Ahmad recorded in his *Musnad* with an authentic chain of narration 64 00:03:38,139 --> 00:03:42,139 on the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: 65 00:03:42,139 --> 00:03:46,139 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 66 00:03:46,139 --> 00:03:49,139 'O Allah, guide Thaqif!'" 67 00:03:49,139 --> 00:03:52,139 In another wording in *Jami' al-Tirmidhi*, 68 00:03:52,139 --> 00:03:55,139 on the authority of Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 69 00:03:55,139 --> 00:03:57,139 "They said, 'O Messenger of Allah, 70 00:03:57,139 --> 00:04:00,139 the arrows of Thaqif have burnt us, 71 00:04:00,139 --> 00:04:02,139 so pray to Allah against them.' 72 00:04:02,139 --> 00:04:06,139 But the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 73 00:04:06,139 --> 00:04:09,139 'O Allah, guide Thaqif!'" 74 00:04:09,139 --> 00:04:15,189 The Prophet's return 75 00:04:15,189 --> 00:04:19,189 and the distribution of the spoils of Hunayn: 76 00:04:19,189 --> 00:04:24,060 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) returned 77 00:04:24,060 --> 00:04:27,060 to al-Ji'ranah, waiting for Thaqif, 78 00:04:27,060 --> 00:04:29,060 hoping that they might accept Islam 79 00:04:29,060 --> 00:04:33,060 and thereby recover the captive women and offspring taken from them. 80 00:04:33,060 --> 00:04:36,279 When their arrival was delayed, 81 00:04:36,279 --> 00:04:40,279 he proceeded to distribute the spoils of Hunayn among the Muslims. 82 00:04:40,279 --> 00:04:43,279 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) began 83 00:04:43,279 --> 00:04:46,279 with those whose hearts were to be reconciled, 84 00:04:46,279 --> 00:04:48,279 who were prominent chieftains of the Arabs, 85 00:04:48,279 --> 00:04:52,310 reconciling their hearts toward Islam through these gifts. 86 00:04:52,310 --> 00:04:55,310 Imam Muslim recorded in his *Sahih* 87 00:04:55,310 --> 00:04:59,310 on the authority of Rafi' ibn Khadij (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 88 00:04:59,310 --> 00:05:02,310 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) gave 89 00:05:02,310 --> 00:05:04,310 Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, 90 00:05:04,310 --> 00:05:06,310 Safwan ibn Umayyah, 91 00:05:06,310 --> 00:05:08,310 'Uyaynah ibn Hisn, 92 00:05:08,310 --> 00:05:10,310 and al-Aqra' ibn Habis, 93 00:05:10,310 --> 00:05:14,470 each one of them one hundred camels." 94 00:05:14,470 --> 00:05:17,470 Imam Muslim recorded in his *Sahih*, 95 00:05:17,470 --> 00:05:19,470 as well as Imam Ahmad and al-Tirmidhi, 96 00:05:19,470 --> 00:05:23,470 on the authority of Safwan ibn Umayyah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 97 00:05:23,470 --> 00:05:28,470 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) gave to me on the day of Hunayn, 98 00:05:28,470 --> 00:05:31,470 while he was the most hated of creation to me. 99 00:05:31,470 --> 00:05:33,470 Yet he kept giving to me 100 00:05:33,470 --> 00:05:36,470 until he became the most beloved of creation to me." 101 00:05:36,470 --> 00:05:40,500 And the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) gave 102 00:05:40,500 --> 00:05:44,500 Hakim ibn Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him) one hundred camels. 103 00:05:44,500 --> 00:05:47,699 The two Shaykhs recorded in their *Sahih*s 104 00:05:47,699 --> 00:05:51,699 on the authority of Hakim ibn Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 105 00:05:51,699 --> 00:05:56,699 "I asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) [for wealth], and he gave me; 106 00:05:56,699 --> 00:05:59,699 I asked him again, and he gave me; 107 00:05:59,699 --> 00:06:02,699 then I asked him again, and he gave me. 108 00:06:02,699 --> 00:06:03,699 Then he said: 109 00:06:03,699 --> 00:06:08,699 'O Hakim, this wealth is indeed green and sweet. 110 00:06:08,699 --> 00:06:12,699 Whoever takes it with generosity of soul will be blessed in it, 111 00:06:12,699 --> 00:06:17,699 but whoever takes it with an eager, covetous soul will not be blessed in it, 112 00:06:17,699 --> 00:06:20,699 and he will be like the one who eats and is never satisfied. 113 00:06:20,699 --> 00:06:24,790 And the upper hand is better than the lower hand.' 114 00:06:24,790 --> 00:06:27,790 Hakim said: 'I said, "O Messenger of Allah, 115 00:06:27,790 --> 00:06:30,790 by the One Who sent you with the truth, 116 00:06:30,790 --> 00:06:35,790 I shall never take anything from anyone after you until I depart this world!"' 117 00:06:35,790 --> 00:06:38,790 Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) used to 118 00:06:38,790 --> 00:06:41,790 invite Hakim to take his stipends, 119 00:06:41,790 --> 00:06:43,790 but he would refuse to accept anything from him. 120 00:06:43,790 --> 00:06:47,790 Then 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) invited him to give him his share, 121 00:06:47,790 --> 00:06:50,790 but he refused to accept anything from him. 122 00:06:50,790 --> 00:06:51,790 Thereupon 'Umar said: 123 00:06:51,790 --> 00:06:55,790 'I call you to witness, O assembly of Muslims, regarding Hakim, 124 00:06:55,790 --> 00:06:59,790 that I offer him his rightful share of this state revenue (*fay'*), 125 00:06:59,790 --> 00:07:01,790 but he refuses to take it.' 126 00:07:01,790 --> 00:07:08,949 Thus Hakim never accepted anything from anyone after the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 127 00:07:08,949 --> 00:07:10,949 until he passed away." 128 00:07:10,949 --> 00:07:12,949 Al-Hafiz [Ibn Hajar] said in *Fath al-Bari*: 129 00:07:12,949 --> 00:07:15,949 "Hakim only refrained from taking the stipend, 130 00:07:15,949 --> 00:07:17,949 despite it being his rightful due, 131 00:07:17,949 --> 00:07:22,949 because he feared accepting something from anyone and thereby becoming accustomed to it, 132 00:07:22,949 --> 00:07:26,949 leading his soul beyond what he desired; 133 00:07:26,949 --> 00:07:28,949 so he weaned his soul from it 134 00:07:28,949 --> 00:07:32,949 and left that which brought doubt for that which did not." 135 00:07:32,949 --> 00:07:37,110 And there crowded around the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 136 00:07:37,110 --> 00:07:41,110 those weak in faith from among the new Muslims of the Conquest and others. 137 00:07:41,110 --> 00:07:45,339 Imam Ahmad recorded in his *Musnad* with a good chain of narration 138 00:07:45,339 --> 00:07:49,339 on the authority of 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 139 00:07:49,339 --> 00:07:53,339 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) distributed 140 00:07:53,339 --> 00:07:56,339 the spoils of Hunayn at al-Ji'ranah, 141 00:07:56,339 --> 00:07:58,339 and the people crowded around him. 142 00:07:58,339 --> 00:08:01,339 So the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 143 00:08:01,339 --> 00:08:04,339 'Indeed, a servant from among the servants of Allah 144 00:08:04,339 --> 00:08:07,339 was sent by Allah, Mighty and Majestic, to his people, 145 00:08:07,339 --> 00:08:10,339 but they rejected him and wounded his head. 146 00:08:10,339 --> 00:08:13,339 He began wiping the blood from his forehead, saying: 147 00:08:13,339 --> 00:08:16,339 "O Lord, forgive my people, 148 00:08:16,339 --> 00:08:18,339 for they know not."' 149 00:08:18,339 --> 00:08:20,370 'Abdullah said: 150 00:08:20,370 --> 00:08:24,370 'It is as though I am still looking at the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 151 00:08:24,370 --> 00:08:26,370 wiping his forehead, 152 00:08:26,370 --> 00:08:28,370 demonstrating the Prophet's actions.'" 153 00:08:28,370 --> 00:08:31,459 Imam Muslim recorded in his *Sahih* 154 00:08:31,459 --> 00:08:35,460 on the authority of Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 155 00:08:35,460 --> 00:08:39,460 "A man asked the Prophet (peace be upon him) 156 00:08:39,460 --> 00:08:41,460 for a flock of sheep filling the valley between two mountains, 157 00:08:41,460 --> 00:08:43,460 and he gave it to him. 158 00:08:43,460 --> 00:08:45,460 The man returned to his people and said: 159 00:08:45,460 --> 00:08:47,460 'O my people, embrace Islam! 160 00:08:47,460 --> 00:08:49,460 For by Allah, Muhammad 161 00:08:49,460 --> 00:08:53,460 gives gifts like one who does not fear poverty!' 162 00:08:53,460 --> 00:08:56,779 Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: 163 00:08:56,779 --> 00:09:00,779 'A man might accept Islam seeking nothing but worldly gain, 164 00:09:00,779 --> 00:09:06,779 yet no sooner had he embraced Islam than it became dearer to him than the world and all that is in it.'" 165 00:09:06,779 --> 00:09:09,980 Imam al-Nawawi said: 166 00:09:09,980 --> 00:09:13,980 "What is meant is that he initially displayed Islam for worldly gain, 167 00:09:13,980 --> 00:09:16,980 without a sincere intention in his heart; 168 00:09:16,980 --> 00:09:21,980 then, through the blessing of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and the light of Islam, 169 00:09:21,980 --> 00:09:27,980 it was not long before his heart expanded with true faith, 170 00:09:27,980 --> 00:09:29,980 which firmly established itself within him, 171 00:09:29,980 --> 00:09:34,980 making Islam then dearer to him than the world and everything in it." 172 00:09:34,980 --> 00:09:40,139 *Al-Mukhtasar fi al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah* (The Abridged Prophetic Biography). 173 00:09:40,139 --> 00:09:47,139 Though all the world's longing for one another may endure, 174 00:09:47,139 --> 00:09:54,389 longing for you exceeds all bounds and measure. 175 00:09:54,389 --> 00:10:00,389 May Allah send blessings upon you as long as the call to prayer is raised, 176 00:10:00,389 --> 00:10:09,419 and lips move with remembrance of the Everlasting.