WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:04.620 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. 00:00:04.620 --> 00:00:07.960 The story of Maryam, daughter of ‘Imran, 00:00:07.960 --> 00:00:10.419 peace be upon her. 00:00:10.419 --> 00:00:15.519 "Do not grieve, O Maryam." 00:00:15.519 --> 00:00:21.929 Indeed, the care of Allah for Maryam 00:00:21.929 --> 00:00:25.429 did not stop at the selection of the place of birth, 00:00:25.429 --> 00:00:28.929 but rather surrounded her from every side. 00:00:28.929 --> 00:00:31.230 When Maryam said, 00:00:31.550 --> 00:00:33.750 "Oh, I wish I had died before this 00:00:33.750 --> 00:00:37.350 and was in oblivion, forgotten," 00:00:37.350 --> 00:00:40.380 Allah caused the one beneath her to speak. 00:00:40.380 --> 00:00:42.619 He called out to her from below her, 00:00:42.619 --> 00:00:44.380 "Do not grieve." 00:00:44.380 --> 00:00:48.079 “Then (one) cried unto her from below her, saying: Grieve not! Thy Lord hath placed a rivulet beneath thee,” (19:24) 00:00:48.079 --> 00:00:51.320 Ibn Jarir al-Tabari, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 00:00:51.320 --> 00:00:53.840 "The more sound of the two opinions in our view 00:00:53.840 --> 00:00:55.619 is the view of those who say 00:00:55.619 --> 00:00:59.179 that the one who called out to her was her son, ‘Isa." 00:00:59.179 --> 00:01:01.840 This is because the pronoun referring to him 00:01:01.840 --> 00:01:04.840 is closer than the reference to Jibril, 00:01:04.840 --> 00:01:07.599 and referring it to the one who is closer 00:01:07.599 --> 00:01:11.670 is more appropriate than referring it to the one who is further away. 00:01:11.670 --> 00:01:14.629 Al-Shinqiti, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 00:01:14.629 --> 00:01:16.790 "The most apparent of the two opinions in my view 00:01:16.790 --> 00:01:20.370 is that the one who called out to her was her son, ‘Isa." 00:01:20.370 --> 00:01:23.590 There are two pieces of evidence for this. 00:01:23.590 --> 00:01:24.989 The first: 00:01:24.989 --> 00:01:28.329 The pronoun refers to the nearest mentioned, 00:01:28.329 --> 00:01:30.989 unless there is evidence to divert it from that, 00:01:30.989 --> 00:01:33.189 which one must then follow. 00:01:33.189 --> 00:01:35.129 The nearest mentioned in the verse 00:01:35.129 --> 00:01:37.489 is ‘Isa, not Jibril, 00:01:37.489 --> 00:01:39.489 because Allah said, 00:01:39.489 --> 00:01:40.829 "So she conceived him," 00:01:40.829 --> 00:01:42.590 meaning ‘Isa, 00:01:42.590 --> 00:01:44.390 "and she withdrew with him," 00:01:44.390 --> 00:01:46.129 meaning with ‘Isa. 00:01:46.129 --> 00:01:48.090 Then He said after that, 00:01:48.090 --> 00:01:49.790 "He called out to her." 00:01:49.790 --> 00:01:52.730 Thus, what is apparent and immediately understood from the context 00:01:52.730 --> 00:01:54.859 is that it is ‘Isa. 00:01:54.859 --> 00:01:56.959 The second piece of evidence: 00:01:56.959 --> 00:02:00.620 When she brought him to her people, carrying him, 00:02:00.620 --> 00:02:02.879 and they said to her what they said, 00:02:02.879 --> 00:02:05.819 she pointed to ‘Isa so they would speak to him, 00:02:05.819 --> 00:02:08.319 as the Almighty said regarding her: 00:02:08.319 --> 00:02:10.319 "So she pointed to him." 00:02:10.319 --> 00:02:15.159 “Then she pointed to him. They said: How can we talk to one who is in the cradle, a young boy?” (19:29) 00:02:15.159 --> 00:02:18.060 Her pointing to him so they would speak to him 00:02:18.060 --> 00:02:21.180 is evidence that she knew before that 00:02:21.180 --> 00:02:22.919 he would speak 00:02:22.919 --> 00:02:24.879 as a miracle breaking the norm, 00:02:24.879 --> 00:02:28.240 due to his calling out to her when she gave birth. 00:02:28.240 --> 00:02:30.800 Other scholars have held 00:02:30.800 --> 00:02:35.139 that the one who called out to her was Jibril, peace be upon him. 00:02:35.139 --> 00:02:38.039 Regardless of which of the two opinions is correct, 00:02:38.039 --> 00:02:42.180 the lesson from the event is our intended goal from the story. 00:02:42.180 --> 00:02:46.479 The one who called out to her from below her forbade her from grief. 00:02:46.479 --> 00:02:47.639 Grief 00:02:47.639 --> 00:02:51.139 is an expression of what occurs due to the happening of something disliked 00:02:51.139 --> 00:02:54.270 or the loss of something beloved in the past. 00:02:54.270 --> 00:02:57.189 Maryam’s grief was of the first type, 00:02:57.189 --> 00:02:59.870 which was her fear of what would be said about her 00:02:59.870 --> 00:03:01.629 when she met her people 00:03:01.629 --> 00:03:04.259 while carrying her newborn. 00:03:04.259 --> 00:03:05.539 But, 00:03:05.539 --> 00:03:08.099 why did He forbid her from grief? 00:03:08.099 --> 00:03:11.250 And does she possess the ability not to grieve? 00:03:11.250 --> 00:03:15.949 The psychological state that Maryam, peace be upon her, was going through 00:03:15.949 --> 00:03:18.389 was not an easy matter. 00:03:18.389 --> 00:03:21.389 Yet, He forbade her from grief, 00:03:21.389 --> 00:03:27.550 which means that a woman can overcome the sorrows that afflict her 00:03:27.550 --> 00:03:31.490 because of the pains she experiences in life. 00:03:31.490 --> 00:03:36.710 For if she did not have the ability to overcome the stage of grief, 00:03:36.710 --> 00:03:38.919 He would not have commanded her to do so, 00:03:38.919 --> 00:03:42.860 even though grief is a natural thing that occurs in the soul, 00:03:42.860 --> 00:03:45.580 but it can be treated. 00:03:45.580 --> 00:03:48.840 Muhammad Rashid Rida, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 00:03:48.840 --> 00:03:50.219 "If it is said: 00:03:50.219 --> 00:03:55.819 'Grief is a natural pain that occurs to a person when they lose what they love, 00:03:55.819 --> 00:03:58.219 and it is not a voluntary matter, 00:03:58.219 --> 00:04:01.219 so how did Allah the Almighty forbid it?' 00:04:01.219 --> 00:04:02.520 We say: 00:04:02.520 --> 00:04:04.520 The prohibition of grief 00:04:04.520 --> 00:04:10.919 is intended to forbid its consequences, which many people do by choice, 00:04:10.919 --> 00:04:14.120 thus fueling that pain, 00:04:14.120 --> 00:04:18.620 renewing it, and delaying the period of solace. 00:04:18.620 --> 00:04:23.220 It is a command for the opposite: to undertake actions that occupy the soul 00:04:23.220 --> 00:04:27.819 and divert it from remembering and thinking about what caused the grief, 00:04:27.819 --> 00:04:31.620 seeking reward and contentment from Allah the Almighty." 00:04:31.620 --> 00:04:35.420 These actions can be physical and psychological, 00:04:35.420 --> 00:04:37.920 or psychological only, 00:04:37.920 --> 00:04:40.670 or physical only. 00:04:40.670 --> 00:04:42.569 For yielding to grief 00:04:42.569 --> 00:04:48.370 may lead to other matters that involve transgressing the limits of Allah the Almighty, 00:04:48.370 --> 00:04:51.069 such as refraining from righteous deeds, 00:04:51.069 --> 00:04:56.170 and the mind becoming occupied with negative expectations that dominate the heart 00:04:56.170 --> 00:04:58.170 and increase the grief. 00:04:58.170 --> 00:05:05.870 This leads to a cessation of thinking about the way out of the pain the grieving woman is living. 00:05:05.870 --> 00:05:09.470 Therefore, the Shari'ah did not come to praise grief; 00:05:09.470 --> 00:05:11.670 rather, it came to forbid it, 00:05:11.670 --> 00:05:18.970 in consideration of the human nature in its susceptibility to its pains and sorrows. 00:05:18.970 --> 00:05:25.370 Thus, it was permitted for a woman to mourn for a deceased relative for only three days, 00:05:25.370 --> 00:05:28.970 so that she may return afterward to her normal life 00:05:28.970 --> 00:05:32.569 and practice what is required of her by the Shari'ah, 00:05:32.569 --> 00:05:37.819 and empty the heart of the grief that paralyzes righteous action. 00:05:37.819 --> 00:05:41.620 Many of the sorrows that afflict a woman 00:05:41.620 --> 00:05:46.720 can be overcome by looking at the bright aspects around her, 00:05:46.720 --> 00:05:49.680 from what Allah has gifted her. 00:05:49.680 --> 00:05:51.579 The Almighty said: 00:05:51.579 --> 00:05:55.680 “Then (one) cried unto her from below her, saying: Grieve not! Thy Lord hath placed a rivulet beneath thee,” (19:24) 00:05:55.680 --> 00:05:59.439 “Then (one) cried unto her from below her, saying: Grieve not! Thy Lord hath placed a rivulet beneath thee,” (19:24) 00:05:59.439 --> 00:06:03.839 Indeed, the one who called out to her from below her and forbade her from grief 00:06:03.839 --> 00:06:07.639 drew her attention to the blessings of Allah upon her, 00:06:07.639 --> 00:06:09.240 so He said to her: 00:06:09.240 --> 00:06:12.639 “Then (one) cried unto her from below her, saying: Grieve not! Thy Lord hath placed a rivulet beneath thee,” (19:24) 00:06:12.639 --> 00:06:15.839 Tahir Ibn ‘Ashur, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 00:06:15.839 --> 00:06:21.139 "Meaning, your state is a state worthy of joy rather than grief, 00:06:21.139 --> 00:06:24.899 because of the divine honor it contains." 00:06:24.899 --> 00:06:28.399 And among this divine honor for Maryam 00:06:28.399 --> 00:06:32.199 is this stream that flows before her. 00:06:32.199 --> 00:06:35.170 Al-Shinqiti, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 00:06:35.170 --> 00:06:37.569 "The most apparent of the two opinions in my view 00:06:37.569 --> 00:06:41.370 is that the 'sariy' (stream) in the verse is the small river." 00:06:41.370 --> 00:06:44.170 The evidence for this is two things: 00:06:44.170 --> 00:06:48.170 One of them is the context from the Qur'an. 00:06:48.170 --> 00:06:50.170 For His saying, the Almighty: 00:06:50.170 --> 00:06:51.970 "So eat and drink," 00:06:51.970 --> 00:06:55.769 is evidence that this food and drink 00:06:55.769 --> 00:06:59.370 is what was previously mentioned as a favor in His saying: 00:06:59.370 --> 00:07:02.670 “Then (one) cried unto her from below her, saying: Grieve not! Thy Lord hath placed a rivulet beneath thee,” (19:24) 00:07:02.670 --> 00:07:07.569 And His saying, "And shake toward you the trunk of the palm tree; it will drop upon you ripe, fresh dates." 00:07:07.569 --> 00:07:10.269 Likewise, His saying, the Almighty: 00:07:10.269 --> 00:07:15.970 “And We made the son of Mary and his mother a portent, and We gave them refuge on a height, a place of flocks and watersprings.” (23:50) 00:07:15.970 --> 00:07:18.769 Because the 'ma'in' (spring) is flowing water, 00:07:18.769 --> 00:07:22.470 and it is apparent that it is the channel expressed as the 'sariy' 00:07:22.470 --> 00:07:24.269 in this verse. 00:07:24.269 --> 00:07:27.290 And Allah the Almighty knows best. 00:07:27.290 --> 00:07:29.189 In this gesture, 00:07:29.189 --> 00:07:33.189 there is an allusion to every woman afflicted with grief 00:07:33.189 --> 00:07:36.790 to look toward the blessings of Allah that surround her, 00:07:36.790 --> 00:07:40.189 within the very calamity that has saddened her. 00:07:40.189 --> 00:07:43.189 For many of us do not look at the whiteness 00:07:43.189 --> 00:07:46.180 within the blackness that befalls them. 00:07:46.180 --> 00:07:49.379 The indication, initially, of the presence of water 00:07:49.379 --> 00:07:51.779 around Maryam, peace be upon her, 00:07:51.779 --> 00:07:53.879 nay, before her, 00:07:53.879 --> 00:07:57.379 is an indication of the importance of water for her, 00:07:57.379 --> 00:08:02.209 and that this importance is not limited to drinking from it. 00:08:02.209 --> 00:08:04.410 For people's need for water 00:08:04.410 --> 00:08:08.410 is much greater than their need for food, 00:08:08.410 --> 00:08:12.310 especially in a situation like that of Maryam, peace be upon her. 00:08:12.310 --> 00:08:15.509 She is in a state of postpartum recovery from childbirth, 00:08:15.509 --> 00:08:19.610 needing to clean herself with water constantly. 00:08:19.610 --> 00:08:24.310 She also needs to clean her newborn with water, 00:08:24.310 --> 00:08:28.610 just as she needs it for her own drinking and quenching her thirst, 00:08:28.610 --> 00:08:33.509 and cooling herself and her newborn from the heat of the sun, 00:08:33.509 --> 00:08:37.110 and other human needs for water. 00:08:37.110 --> 00:08:41.509 And this is not the only blessing pointed out 00:08:41.509 --> 00:08:44.009 by the one who called out to her from below her, 00:08:44.009 --> 00:08:46.710 but He began with the most important of them, 00:08:46.710 --> 00:08:50.169 then followed it with other blessings. 00:08:50.169 --> 00:08:53.970 We will continue in a coming meeting, if Allah wills. 00:08:53.970 --> 00:08:56.970 And praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds.