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A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah.

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The difference between truthfulness (sidq) and sincerity (ikhlas).

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The difference between truthfulness and sincerity in the realm of creed.

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Truthfulness is the opposite of the complete absence of the intention to seek the countenance of Allah through one's deeds.

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Such as one who believes or prays while being a liar.

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This is hypocrisy of the heart.

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As for sincerity, its opposite is the failure to single out Allah alone in one's intention and orientation.

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Such as one who believes and prays while directing that toward someone else alongside Allah.

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Among the ways to distinguish between truthfulness and sincerity is also the fact that

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Truthfulness is not restricted to creed alone.

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Rather, it also pertains to speech—which is the most common usage—and to actions.

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Therefore, in proportion to a person’s realization of the branches of faith and its deeds,

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Is their share of truthfulness, until they reach the rank of the truthful (siddiqiyyah).

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As for sincerity, it is a purely inward act of the heart.

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Only its effects manifest upon the limbs.

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Despite this,

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It is possible, with some latitude and flexibility,

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To use one term or its opposite in place of the other or its opposite.

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Thus, it may be said of the hypocrite that he is not sincere to Allah.

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Just as it may be said of the polytheist that he is untruthful in his faith.