WEBVTT

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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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The best of generations in their conduct and example,

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Following the Messenger whenever he strove or spoke.

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A collection of affection,

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Proceeding.

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Portraits from the lives of the Tabi'un,

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By Dr. Abd al-Rahman Ra'fat al-Basha,

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May Allah have mercy upon him.

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Al-Ahnaf ibn Qays,

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May Allah have mercy upon him.

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Damascus was smiling at the gentle spring,

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Proud of its lush, verdant thickets,

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Vain of its fragrant gardens.

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The palace of the Commander of the Faithful,

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Mu'awiyah ibn Abi Sufyan,

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Had prepared itself to receive those arriving to see him.

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No sooner had the first visitor been granted permission to enter upon the Caliph,

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Than his sister, Umm al-Hakam bint Abi Sufyan, hurried,

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Taking her place behind the curtain,

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To listen to what was being narrated in the Caliph’s assembly

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From the hadiths of the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

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And to delight in what the companions of the Commander of the Faithful scattered

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Of rare anecdotes,

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Magnificent poetry, and profound wisdom.

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For she was a woman of sound judgment and high ambition,

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Aspiring toward noble pursuits.

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She knew that her brother granted people permission to enter

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According to their status:

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He would prioritize the Companions of the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, over all others,

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Followed by the senior Tabi'un,

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Then the scholars and those of noble lineage.

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However, Umm al-Hakam

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Found her brother receiving his first visitor with a reception

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Tinged with a certain coldness.

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She heard him say to him:

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"By Allah, O Ahnaf, I have never recalled the day of Siffin,

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And remembered your siding against us,

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And your standing on the side of Ali ibn Abi Talib,

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Without it leaving a bitterness in my heart until I die."

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The man countered him, saying:

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"By Allah, O Mu'awiyah,

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The hearts with which we hated you are still within our chests,

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And the swords with which we fought you have not ceased to be in our hands.

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If you draw a span closer to war, we will draw a span closer to it,

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And if you walk toward it, we will hasten toward it at a run.

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By Allah, it was not a desire for your gifts that brought us to you,

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Nor a fear of your rejection;

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Rather, we came to you to mend the rift, unite the ranks,

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And gather the community of the Muslims."

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Then he turned and left from whence he came.

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Umm al-Hakam could not help

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But pull back the edge of the curtain

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To see this man who returned the stone to the Caliph from where it came,

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And measured out to him two measures for every one.

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She saw a man of short stature and slight build,

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Bald-headed, with crooked teeth,

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A receding chin, and sunken eyes,

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With bowed legs.

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There is no human defect

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But that he had a share of it.

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She turned to her brother and said:

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"O Commander of the Faithful,

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Who is this man who threatens the Caliph and warns him in his own palace?"

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Mu'awiyah sighed and said:

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"This is the one who, if he becomes angry,

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One hundred thousand of the Banu Tamim become angry for his sake,

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Without even knowing why he is angry.

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He is Al-Ahnaf ibn Qays,

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The leader of the Banu Tamim,

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And one of the unique individuals of the Arabs and their conquering heroes."

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So let us review the life story of Al-Ahnaf ibn Qays from the beginning.

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In the third year before the Hijrah,

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A son was born to Qays ibn Mu'awiyah al-Sa'di,

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A newborn he named al-Dahhak.

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However, it was not long before people

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Nicknamed him 'Al-Ahnaf' (the Bow-legged),

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Because of the curvature in his legs.

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Eventually, the nickname overshadowed his given name.

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Qays, the father of Al-Ahnaf, was not among the elite of his people,

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Nor among their inner circle;

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He was merely among the common folk.

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Al-Ahnaf was born in the dwellings of his people,

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West of al-Yamamah in the lands of Najd.

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The young man grew up an orphan,

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For his father was killed while he was still a child who had not yet begun to walk.

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Then the lights of Islam flooded his heart

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While he was still a boy whose mustache had not yet grown.

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For the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had sent,

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A few years before his passing,

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A caller from among his Companions to the tribe of Al-Ahnaf ibn Qays,

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Inviting them to Islam.

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The caller gathered the notables of the tribe,

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And began urging them toward faith,

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Presenting Islam to them.

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The people remained silent,

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And some began to look at others.

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Al-Ahnaf, who was present, stepped forward and said:

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"O my people,

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Why do I see you hesitating,

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Taking one step forward and one step back?

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By Allah, this person who has come to you

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Is a caller to goodness.

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He invites you to noble character,

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And forbids you from base ones.

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By Allah, we have heard nothing from him but good.

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So answer the caller to guidance,

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That you may attain the best of this world and the Hereafter."

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It was not long before they embraced Islam,

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And the young man embraced it with them.

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Then the leaders of the tribe went to the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

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But Al-Ahnaf did not go with them due to his young age,

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And thus he was deprived of the honor of being a Companion.

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However, he was not deprived of the pleasure of the noble Messenger, peace be upon him, with him,

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Nor of his supplication for him.

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Al-Ahnaf narrated, saying:

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"While I was circumambulating the Ancient House during the time of Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him,

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A man I knew met me,

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He took my hand and said:

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'Shall I not give you glad tidings?'

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I said: 'Yes.'

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He said:

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'Do you remember the day the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, sent me to your people to invite them to Islam?

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I began calling them and presenting the entry into the religion of Allah to them,

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And you said what you said that day.'

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I said: 'Yes.'

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He said:

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'I returned to the Prophet, peace be upon him,

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And informed him of your words,

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And he said:

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"O Allah, forgive Al-Ahnaf."'"

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Al-Ahnaf used to say:

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"There is no deed of mine that I have more hope in on the Day of Resurrection

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Than the supplication of the Prophet, peace be upon him."

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When the noble Messenger, peace be upon him, joined the Highest Companion,

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And Musaylimah the Liar emerged to the people with his falsehood,

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And those who apostatized from Islam did so because of him,

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Al-Ahnaf ibn Qays went to him

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With his uncle, al-Mutashammis,

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To meet him and hear from him.

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Al-Ahnaf was in the early bloom of his youth at that time.

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When they left him, al-Mutashammis said to his nephew:

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"How did you find the man, O Ahnaf?"

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He replied:

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"I found him to be a fabricator, inventing lies against Allah and the people."

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His uncle said to him, joking:

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"Do you not fear for yourself if you tell him of your denial of him?"

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Al-Ahnaf replied:

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"At that point, I will swear to you that he is a liar."

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"Will you swear that you did not believe him as he believed him?"

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The young man and his uncle laughed,

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And they remained steadfast in their Islam.

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It is no wonder if you are filled with amazement,

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And overcome with astonishment at these firm and decisive stances

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That Al-Ahnaf took in momentous affairs,

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Despite his young age.

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But your amazement will pass,

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And your astonishment will vanish,

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When you know that the youth of Banu Tamim

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Was a rarity among the rarities of the age in sharpness of mind,

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Brilliance of intelligence,

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Truthfulness of insight, and purity of nature.

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And that he was, from his earliest youth,

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Sitting with the elders of his people,

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Attending their gatherings and witnessing their conferences,

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And learning at the hands of their wise and forbearing men.

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He narrated about himself, saying:

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"We used to frequent the gatherings of Qays ibn Asim al-Minqari

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To learn forbearance from him,

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Just as we frequented the gatherings of scholars

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To receive knowledge from them."

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It was said to him:

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"And who reached the height of his forbearance?"

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He said:

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"I came to him once and saw him sitting in the courtyard of his house,

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Wrapped in his cloak, leaning on his sword,

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Speaking to his people.

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I greeted him and sat down.

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It was only a short while

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Before we heard a commotion, and we looked,

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And he had been brought a young man bound in ropes,

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And another who had been killed.

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It was said to him:

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'This is your nephew who has killed your son, so-and-so.'

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By Allah, he did not loosen his posture nor stop his speech.

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Then he turned to his nephew and said:

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'O son of my brother,

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You have killed your cousin,

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Thus severing your kinship with your own hand,

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And striking yourself with your own arrow.'

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Then he said to another son of his:

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'Rise, my son, and untie the bonds of your cousin,

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And bury your brother.

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Then drive one hundred camels to his mother as blood money for her son,

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For she is a stranger.'"

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Al-Ahnaf ibn Qays was granted the opportunity

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To study under the great and noble Companions,

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At the pinnacle of whom was al-Faruq, may Allah be pleased with him.

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He witnessed his gatherings, heard his exhortations,

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He mastered his judicial rulings and legal verdicts.

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He was among the most brilliant students produced by the school of 'Umar.

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And he was the most profoundly influenced by its genius and singular teacher.

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It was once said to him:

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"How did you attain such gravity and wisdom?"

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He replied:

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"Through words I heard from 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

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'Whoever jokes excessively is held in low regard.

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Whoever does something frequently becomes known by it.

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Whoever speaks too much makes too many mistakes.

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Whoever makes many mistakes loses his sense of shame.

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Whoever loses his sense of shame loses his piety.

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And whoever loses his piety, his heart dies.'"

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Al-Ahnaf ibn Qays rose to lead his people,

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despite not being of the highest lineage among them,

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nor the most noble in terms of maternal or paternal ancestry.

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When people asked him the secret to this,

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one of them said to him:

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"Who is it that his people follow, O Abu Bahr?"

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He replied:

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"He who possesses four qualities,

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will lead his people unchallenged."

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He was asked:

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"And what are these qualities?"

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He said:

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"A religion that restrains him,

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a lineage that protects him,

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an intellect that guides him,

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and a sense of shame that prevents him from wrongdoing."

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Furthermore, al-Ahnaf was

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one of the most forbearing of the Arabs,

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whose forbearance became proverbial.

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His forbearance reached such a degree

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that 'Umar ibn al-Ahtam incited a man

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to insult him with vile, provocative language.

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Yet al-Ahnaf remained silent, head bowed.

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When the man saw that he would not answer him nor pay him any heed,

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he put his own thumb in his mouth

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and began to bite it, saying:

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"Woe is me!

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By Allah, nothing prevented him from answering me

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except his utter disdain for me."

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It so happened that al-Ahnaf

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was walking on the outskirts of Basra,

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alone by himself,

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when a man accosted him,

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began insulting and reviling him,

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and hurling stinging words at him.

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Yet he remained silent, continuing on his way.

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When they drew near to the people,

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he turned to the man and said:

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"O son of my brother,

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if you have any words left,

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say them now,

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for if my people hear what you are saying,

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you will suffer harm at their hands."

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Beyond all that, al-Ahnaf was

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a devout worshiper, frequently fasting and standing in prayer.

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He was ascetic regarding what was in the hands of others.

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When night fell upon him,

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he would light his lamp and place it near him,

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then stand in his prayer niche to pray,

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writhing like a sick man,

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and weeping like a bereaved mother,

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out of fear of the punishment of Allah

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and dread of His wrath.

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Whenever he sensed a sin he had committed,

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or a flaw of his became apparent to him,

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he would bring his finger close to the lamp and say:

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"Feel this, O Ahnaf!

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What drove you to do such-and-such on such-and-such a day?

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Woe to you, O Ahnaf!

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If you cannot endure today

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the flame of a lamp,

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and cannot bear its heat,

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then how will you endure tomorrow the flames of Hell,

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and bear its torment?

00:13:59.860 --> 00:14:01.919
O Allah, if You forgive me,

00:14:01.919 --> 00:14:03.919
then You are worthy of that;

00:14:03.919 --> 00:14:05.919
and if You punish me,

00:14:05.919 --> 00:14:07.919
then I am worthy of that."

00:14:07.919 --> 00:14:11.899
May Allah be pleased with al-Ahnaf

00:14:11.899 --> 00:14:13.899
ibn Qays and grant him contentment.

00:14:13.899 --> 00:14:17.899
For he was one of the wonders of his time,

00:14:17.899 --> 00:14:20.899
and a unique specimen of humanity.

00:14:20.899 --> 00:14:26.519
Indeed, al-Ahnaf ibn Qays

00:14:26.519 --> 00:14:29.679
attained such honor and prosperity

00:14:29.679 --> 00:14:31.679
that holding office did not benefit him,

00:14:31.679 --> 00:14:34.870
nor did dismissal harm him.

00:14:34.870 --> 00:14:37.379
Ziyad ibn Abihi

00:14:37.379 --> 00:14:42.409
was a different case and example;

00:14:42.409 --> 00:14:47.409
he followed the Messenger when he strove or spoke.

00:14:47.409 --> 00:14:52.409
They were here, watering the clouds of our lives,

00:14:52.409 --> 00:14:54.409
and so they remain within us;

00:14:54.409 --> 00:14:57.409
their memory is exalted.

00:14:57.409 --> 00:15:02.409
They departed, leaving a question in our conscience:

00:15:02.409 --> 00:15:07.409
Is there any star like them that has risen and shone?

00:15:07.409 --> 00:15:12.409
They filled life with glorious deeds,

00:15:12.409 --> 00:15:17.409
and the world of the Ummah flourished because of them.
