1 00:00:00,180 --> 00:00:03,700 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. 2 00:00:03,700 --> 00:00:13,060 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. 3 00:00:13,060 --> 00:00:17,859 *The Abridged Prophetic Biography (Seerah)*, 4 00:00:17,859 --> 00:00:22,940 authored by Sheikh Musa ibn Rashid al-'Azimi, 5 00:00:22,940 --> 00:00:25,070 may Allah preserve him. 6 00:00:25,070 --> 00:00:31,300 The Expedition of Dhat al-Riqa', 7 00:00:31,300 --> 00:00:35,170 also known as the Expedition of Najd. 8 00:00:35,490 --> 00:00:40,380 There are different views regarding the date of this expedition, as follows: 9 00:00:40,380 --> 00:00:42,939 The majority of the scholars of military expeditions (*maghazi*) maintained 10 00:00:42,939 --> 00:00:46,140 that it took place before the Battle of the Trench (al-Khandaq), 11 00:00:46,140 --> 00:00:48,700 in the fourth year of the Hijrah, 12 00:00:48,700 --> 00:00:51,539 and people transmitted this from them. 13 00:00:51,539 --> 00:00:53,780 Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir said: 14 00:00:53,780 --> 00:01:00,659 "Dhat al-Riqa' took place before al-Khandaq according to the majority of scholars of biography and military expeditions." 15 00:01:00,659 --> 00:01:02,899 Among those who explicitly stated this were 16 00:01:02,899 --> 00:01:04,900 Muhammad ibn Ishaq, 17 00:01:04,900 --> 00:01:06,500 Musa ibn 'Uqbah, 18 00:01:06,500 --> 00:01:08,099 al-Waqidi, 19 00:01:08,099 --> 00:01:10,819 Muhammad ibn Sa'd, his scribe, 20 00:01:10,819 --> 00:01:14,530 Khalifah ibn Khayyat, and others. 21 00:01:14,530 --> 00:01:17,650 However, Imam al-Bukhari in his *Sahih*, 22 00:01:17,650 --> 00:01:19,489 al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir, 23 00:01:19,489 --> 00:01:21,489 Imam Ibn al-Qayyim, 24 00:01:21,489 --> 00:01:23,489 and al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar maintained 25 00:01:23,489 --> 00:01:26,609 that it took place after the Battle of Khaybar, 26 00:01:26,609 --> 00:01:30,659 which is the correct view. 27 00:01:30,659 --> 00:01:34,299 The cause of this expedition: 28 00:01:34,299 --> 00:01:37,819 News reached the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 29 00:01:37,819 --> 00:01:41,900 that Banu Muharib and Banu Tha'labah from Ghatafan 30 00:01:41,900 --> 00:01:47,950 had gathered massive forces to fight him. 31 00:01:47,950 --> 00:01:53,659 The Prophet's departure to confront them: 32 00:01:53,659 --> 00:01:59,579 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) marched out against them with four hundred men, 33 00:01:59,579 --> 00:02:01,579 and it was also said seven hundred. 34 00:02:01,579 --> 00:02:06,909 He appointed 'Uthman ibn 'Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) in charge of Medina in his absence, 35 00:02:06,909 --> 00:02:08,110 and it was also said 36 00:02:08,270 --> 00:02:12,590 that he appointed Abu Dharr al-Ghifari (may Allah be pleased with him). 37 00:02:12,590 --> 00:02:15,469 He advanced until he reached their encampments, 38 00:02:15,469 --> 00:02:18,750 where he encountered a large gathering of Ghatafan, 39 00:02:18,750 --> 00:02:21,710 but no fighting took place between them, 40 00:02:21,710 --> 00:02:28,000 and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) led his Companions in the fear prayer (*Salat al-Khawf*). 41 00:02:28,000 --> 00:02:31,520 In the narration of Ibn Sa'd in his *Tabaqat*: 42 00:02:31,520 --> 00:02:35,759 He found no one in their settlements except women, 43 00:02:35,840 --> 00:02:39,840 whom he took captive, and among them was a beautiful young woman, 44 00:02:39,840 --> 00:02:46,289 while the Bedouins fled to the mountain peaks. 45 00:02:46,289 --> 00:02:52,189 The Prophet's return to Medina, 46 00:02:52,189 --> 00:02:56,590 and events that occurred along the way: 47 00:02:56,590 --> 00:03:03,229 Then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) returned with his army to the Prophet's City, Medina, 48 00:03:03,229 --> 00:03:05,550 without encountering any hostile plot. 49 00:03:05,629 --> 00:03:12,020 On their way back to Medina, several events occurred, including: 50 00:03:12,020 --> 00:03:18,210 The story of Ghawrath ibn al-Harith and the fear prayer. 51 00:03:18,210 --> 00:03:20,930 The two Shaykhs [al-Bukhari and Muslim] narrated in their *Sahih*s 52 00:03:20,930 --> 00:03:25,330 from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said 53 00:03:25,330 --> 00:03:30,930 that he took part in an expedition with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) toward Najd. 54 00:03:30,930 --> 00:03:36,560 When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) returned, he returned with him. 55 00:03:36,560 --> 00:03:40,960 The midday heat overtook them in a valley with many thorny trees, 56 00:03:40,960 --> 00:03:44,639 so the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) dismounted, 57 00:03:44,639 --> 00:03:48,509 and the people dispersed, seeking shade under the trees. 58 00:03:48,509 --> 00:03:53,150 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) settled beneath a tree, 59 00:03:53,150 --> 00:03:57,409 hung his sword upon it, and we all took a nap. 60 00:03:57,409 --> 00:04:01,810 Suddenly, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was calling us, 61 00:04:01,810 --> 00:04:04,449 and there was a Bedouin with him. 62 00:04:04,610 --> 00:04:10,370 He said: "This man unsheathed my sword against me while I was asleep, 63 00:04:10,370 --> 00:04:13,889 so I awoke while it was drawn in his hand. 64 00:04:13,889 --> 00:04:17,170 He said: 'Who will protect you from me?' 65 00:04:17,170 --> 00:04:22,769 I said: 'Allah,' three times." And he did not punish him. 66 00:04:22,769 --> 00:04:25,569 The two Shaykhs added in their *Sahih*s, 67 00:04:25,569 --> 00:04:29,490 in another narration from Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him): 68 00:04:29,490 --> 00:04:31,410 "And the prayer was called, 69 00:04:31,490 --> 00:04:35,970 so he led one group in two rak'ahs, then they stepped back, 70 00:04:35,970 --> 00:04:39,490 and he led the other group in two rak'ahs. 71 00:04:39,490 --> 00:04:43,490 Thus the Prophet (peace be upon him) prayed four rak'ahs, 72 00:04:43,490 --> 00:04:46,189 while the people prayed two." 73 00:04:46,189 --> 00:04:52,350 Imam Ahmad in his *Musnad* and al-Hakim in his *Mustadrak* narrated with an authentic chain of transmission 74 00:04:52,350 --> 00:04:56,750 from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: 75 00:04:56,750 --> 00:04:59,949 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) fought 76 00:05:00,029 --> 00:05:02,910 Muharib Khasafah at Nakhl. 77 00:05:02,910 --> 00:05:05,709 They noticed a moment of inattention among the Muslims, 78 00:05:05,709 --> 00:05:10,350 so a man from among them, called Ghawrath ibn al-Harith, came 79 00:05:10,350 --> 00:05:16,029 until he stood over the head of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) with a sword. 80 00:05:16,029 --> 00:05:19,620 He said: 'Who will protect you from me?' 81 00:05:19,620 --> 00:05:23,300 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 82 00:05:23,300 --> 00:05:24,750 'Allah.' 83 00:05:24,750 --> 00:05:28,560 He said: 'So the sword dropped from his hand, 84 00:05:28,639 --> 00:05:33,439 and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) took the sword and said: 85 00:05:33,439 --> 00:05:35,149 'Who will protect you?' 86 00:05:35,149 --> 00:05:36,350 He said: 87 00:05:36,350 --> 00:05:38,420 'Be the best captor.' 88 00:05:38,420 --> 00:05:42,180 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 89 00:05:42,180 --> 00:05:45,060 'Do you bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, 90 00:05:45,060 --> 00:05:47,300 and that I am the Messenger of Allah?' 91 00:05:47,300 --> 00:05:49,220 The Bedouin said: 92 00:05:49,220 --> 00:05:51,779 'I promise you that I will not fight you, 93 00:05:51,779 --> 00:05:55,389 nor will I join any people who fight you.' 94 00:05:55,389 --> 00:05:56,670 He said: 95 00:05:56,670 --> 00:06:01,490 'So the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) let him go, 96 00:06:01,490 --> 00:06:04,449 and he went to his people and said: 97 00:06:04,449 --> 00:06:08,129 "I have come to you from the best of mankind."' 98 00:06:08,129 --> 00:06:10,370 When the time for prayer arrived, 99 00:06:10,370 --> 00:06:15,230 the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) led the fear prayer. 100 00:06:15,230 --> 00:06:18,029 The people were divided into two groups: 101 00:06:18,029 --> 00:06:20,509 one group facing the enemy, 102 00:06:20,509 --> 00:06:25,970 and another group praying with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). 103 00:06:25,970 --> 00:06:29,889 He led the group that was with him in two rak'ahs, 104 00:06:29,889 --> 00:06:35,170 then they turned away and took the place of those facing the enemy, 105 00:06:35,170 --> 00:06:41,889 and the others came, and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) led them in two rak'ahs. 106 00:06:41,889 --> 00:06:45,410 So the people prayed two rak'ahs each, 107 00:06:45,410 --> 00:06:50,480 while the Prophet (peace be upon him) prayed four rak'ahs." 108 00:06:50,480 --> 00:06:52,480 Al-Hafiz [Ibn Hajar] said in *Fath al-Bari*: 109 00:06:52,480 --> 00:06:54,000 "In this hadith, there is evidence of 110 00:06:54,000 --> 00:06:57,759 the extraordinary courage of the Prophet (peace be upon him), 111 00:06:57,759 --> 00:06:59,600 the strength of his certainty, 112 00:06:59,600 --> 00:07:01,600 his patience in enduring harm, 113 00:07:01,600 --> 00:07:05,439 and his forbearance toward the ignorant." 114 00:07:05,439 --> 00:07:09,310 'Abbad ibn Bishr (may Allah be pleased with him) 115 00:07:09,310 --> 00:07:12,939 and Surah al-Kahf: 116 00:07:12,939 --> 00:07:18,939 Imam Ahmad narrated in his *Musnad* and Abu Dawud in his *Sunan* with a weak chain of transmission, 117 00:07:18,939 --> 00:07:23,740 though it has corroborating reports that strengthen it and elevate it to the level of good (*hasan*), 118 00:07:23,819 --> 00:07:28,139 from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: 119 00:07:28,139 --> 00:07:34,300 "We set out with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) on the Expedition of Dhat al-Riqa'. 120 00:07:34,300 --> 00:07:37,420 A woman from among the polytheists was struck. 121 00:07:37,420 --> 00:07:42,459 When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) turned back to return, 122 00:07:42,459 --> 00:07:45,740 her husband arrived, having been absent, 123 00:07:45,740 --> 00:07:53,220 and swore that he would not rest until he had shed blood among the Companions of Muhammad (peace be upon him). 124 00:07:53,220 --> 00:07:57,939 So he set out following the Prophet's tracks. 125 00:07:57,939 --> 00:08:02,100 The Prophet (peace be upon him) halted at a campsite 126 00:08:02,100 --> 00:08:07,230 and said: 'Who will guard us tonight?' 127 00:08:07,230 --> 00:08:11,790 A man from the Emigrants (*Muhajirun*) and a man from the Ansar stepped forward 128 00:08:11,790 --> 00:08:14,790 and said: 'We will, O Messenger of Allah.' 129 00:08:14,790 --> 00:08:18,350 He said: 'Guard the mouth of the mountain pass.' 130 00:08:18,350 --> 00:08:23,300 He said: And they had camped at the mouth of a valley's ravine. 131 00:08:23,300 --> 00:08:26,660 When the two men went out to the mouth of the pass, 132 00:08:26,660 --> 00:08:29,579 the Ansari said to the Muhajir: 133 00:08:29,579 --> 00:08:33,139 'Which part of the night would you prefer me to watch for you: 134 00:08:33,139 --> 00:08:35,500 the first part or the last part?' 135 00:08:35,500 --> 00:08:38,419 He said: 'Watch the first part for me.' 136 00:08:38,419 --> 00:08:41,220 So the Muhajir lay down and slept, 137 00:08:41,220 --> 00:08:44,340 while the Ansari stood up in prayer. 138 00:08:44,340 --> 00:08:45,899 Then the enemy man arrived, 139 00:08:45,899 --> 00:08:48,179 and when he saw the figure of the man, 140 00:08:48,179 --> 00:08:51,100 he recognized that he was the sentinel of the camp. 141 00:08:51,139 --> 00:08:54,460 He shot an arrow at him and struck him. 142 00:08:54,460 --> 00:08:58,490 The Ansari pulled it out, set it aside, and remained standing firm. 143 00:08:58,490 --> 00:09:02,529 Then he shot another arrow at him and struck him, 144 00:09:02,529 --> 00:09:06,659 so he pulled it out, set it aside, and remained standing firm. 145 00:09:06,659 --> 00:09:08,779 Then he shot a third arrow at him, 146 00:09:08,779 --> 00:09:10,620 striking him once more, 147 00:09:10,620 --> 00:09:12,860 so he pulled it out and set it aside. 148 00:09:12,860 --> 00:09:15,220 Then he bowed, prostrated, 149 00:09:15,220 --> 00:09:17,340 and awakened his companion, 150 00:09:17,340 --> 00:09:21,100 saying: 'Sit up, for I have been wounded!' 151 00:09:21,100 --> 00:09:22,419 So he leaped up, 152 00:09:22,419 --> 00:09:24,379 and when the enemy saw both of them, 153 00:09:24,379 --> 00:09:27,740 he realized they had been alerted to him, so he fled. 154 00:09:27,740 --> 00:09:32,019 When the Muhajir saw the Ansari drenched in blood, 155 00:09:32,019 --> 00:09:34,659 he exclaimed: 'Glory be to Allah! 156 00:09:34,659 --> 00:09:36,779 Why didn't you wake me?' 157 00:09:36,779 --> 00:09:40,700 He replied: 'I was reciting a Surah, 158 00:09:40,700 --> 00:09:44,740 and I did not wish to interrupt it until I had completed it. 159 00:09:44,740 --> 00:09:46,700 But when the shooting continued relentlessly, 160 00:09:46,700 --> 00:09:48,860 I bowed and alerted you. 161 00:09:48,860 --> 00:09:50,259 By Allah! 162 00:09:50,299 --> 00:09:56,460 Were it not for the fear of compromising an outpost the Prophet (peace be upon him) ordered me to guard, 163 00:09:56,460 --> 00:10:00,779 my breath would have been cut off before I ever interrupted or left it incomplete.'" 164 00:10:02,259 --> 00:10:06,179 *The Abridged Prophetic Biography (Seerah)*. 165 00:10:06,179 --> 00:10:13,080 Though the longing of people for one another may endure, 166 00:10:13,080 --> 00:10:20,100 longing for you exceeds all bounds. 167 00:10:20,139 --> 00:10:26,659 May Allah send blessings upon you as long as the call to prayer is raised, 168 00:10:26,659 --> 00:10:32,970 and as long as the words of everlasting remembrance 169 00:10:32,970 --> 00:10:34,809 move across lips.