WEBVTT 00:00:00.180 --> 00:00:03.700 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. 00:00:03.700 --> 00:00:13.060 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. 00:00:13.060 --> 00:00:17.859 *The Abridged Prophetic Biography (Seerah)*, 00:00:17.859 --> 00:00:22.940 authored by Sheikh Musa ibn Rashid al-'Azimi, 00:00:22.940 --> 00:00:25.070 may Allah preserve him. 00:00:25.070 --> 00:00:31.300 The Expedition of Dhat al-Riqa', 00:00:31.300 --> 00:00:35.170 also known as the Expedition of Najd. 00:00:35.490 --> 00:00:40.380 There are different views regarding the date of this expedition, as follows: 00:00:40.380 --> 00:00:42.939 The majority of the scholars of military expeditions (*maghazi*) maintained 00:00:42.939 --> 00:00:46.140 that it took place before the Battle of the Trench (al-Khandaq), 00:00:46.140 --> 00:00:48.700 in the fourth year of the Hijrah, 00:00:48.700 --> 00:00:51.539 and people transmitted this from them. 00:00:51.539 --> 00:00:53.780 Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir said: 00:00:53.780 --> 00:01:00.659 "Dhat al-Riqa' took place before al-Khandaq according to the majority of scholars of biography and military expeditions." 00:01:00.659 --> 00:01:02.899 Among those who explicitly stated this were 00:01:02.899 --> 00:01:04.900 Muhammad ibn Ishaq, 00:01:04.900 --> 00:01:06.500 Musa ibn 'Uqbah, 00:01:06.500 --> 00:01:08.099 al-Waqidi, 00:01:08.099 --> 00:01:10.819 Muhammad ibn Sa'd, his scribe, 00:01:10.819 --> 00:01:14.530 Khalifah ibn Khayyat, and others. 00:01:14.530 --> 00:01:17.650 However, Imam al-Bukhari in his *Sahih*, 00:01:17.650 --> 00:01:19.489 al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir, 00:01:19.489 --> 00:01:21.489 Imam Ibn al-Qayyim, 00:01:21.489 --> 00:01:23.489 and al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar maintained 00:01:23.489 --> 00:01:26.609 that it took place after the Battle of Khaybar, 00:01:26.609 --> 00:01:30.659 which is the correct view. 00:01:30.659 --> 00:01:34.299 The cause of this expedition: 00:01:34.299 --> 00:01:37.819 News reached the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:01:37.819 --> 00:01:41.900 that Banu Muharib and Banu Tha'labah from Ghatafan 00:01:41.900 --> 00:01:47.950 had gathered massive forces to fight him. 00:01:47.950 --> 00:01:53.659 The Prophet's departure to confront them: 00:01:53.659 --> 00:01:59.579 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) marched out against them with four hundred men, 00:01:59.579 --> 00:02:01.579 and it was also said seven hundred. 00:02:01.579 --> 00:02:06.909 He appointed 'Uthman ibn 'Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) in charge of Medina in his absence, 00:02:06.909 --> 00:02:08.110 and it was also said 00:02:08.270 --> 00:02:12.590 that he appointed Abu Dharr al-Ghifari (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:02:12.590 --> 00:02:15.469 He advanced until he reached their encampments, 00:02:15.469 --> 00:02:18.750 where he encountered a large gathering of Ghatafan, 00:02:18.750 --> 00:02:21.710 but no fighting took place between them, 00:02:21.710 --> 00:02:28.000 and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) led his Companions in the fear prayer (*Salat al-Khawf*). 00:02:28.000 --> 00:02:31.520 In the narration of Ibn Sa'd in his *Tabaqat*: 00:02:31.520 --> 00:02:35.759 He found no one in their settlements except women, 00:02:35.840 --> 00:02:39.840 whom he took captive, and among them was a beautiful young woman, 00:02:39.840 --> 00:02:46.289 while the Bedouins fled to the mountain peaks. 00:02:46.289 --> 00:02:52.189 The Prophet's return to Medina, 00:02:52.189 --> 00:02:56.590 and events that occurred along the way: 00:02:56.590 --> 00:03:03.229 Then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) returned with his army to the Prophet's City, Medina, 00:03:03.229 --> 00:03:05.550 without encountering any hostile plot. 00:03:05.629 --> 00:03:12.020 On their way back to Medina, several events occurred, including: 00:03:12.020 --> 00:03:18.210 The story of Ghawrath ibn al-Harith and the fear prayer. 00:03:18.210 --> 00:03:20.930 The two Shaykhs [al-Bukhari and Muslim] narrated in their *Sahih*s 00:03:20.930 --> 00:03:25.330 from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said 00:03:25.330 --> 00:03:30.930 that he took part in an expedition with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) toward Najd. 00:03:30.930 --> 00:03:36.560 When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) returned, he returned with him. 00:03:36.560 --> 00:03:40.960 The midday heat overtook them in a valley with many thorny trees, 00:03:40.960 --> 00:03:44.639 so the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) dismounted, 00:03:44.639 --> 00:03:48.509 and the people dispersed, seeking shade under the trees. 00:03:48.509 --> 00:03:53.150 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) settled beneath a tree, 00:03:53.150 --> 00:03:57.409 hung his sword upon it, and we all took a nap. 00:03:57.409 --> 00:04:01.810 Suddenly, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was calling us, 00:04:01.810 --> 00:04:04.449 and there was a Bedouin with him. 00:04:04.610 --> 00:04:10.370 He said: "This man unsheathed my sword against me while I was asleep, 00:04:10.370 --> 00:04:13.889 so I awoke while it was drawn in his hand. 00:04:13.889 --> 00:04:17.170 He said: 'Who will protect you from me?' 00:04:17.170 --> 00:04:22.769 I said: 'Allah,' three times." And he did not punish him. 00:04:22.769 --> 00:04:25.569 The two Shaykhs added in their *Sahih*s, 00:04:25.569 --> 00:04:29.490 in another narration from Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him): 00:04:29.490 --> 00:04:31.410 "And the prayer was called, 00:04:31.490 --> 00:04:35.970 so he led one group in two rak'ahs, then they stepped back, 00:04:35.970 --> 00:04:39.490 and he led the other group in two rak'ahs. 00:04:39.490 --> 00:04:43.490 Thus the Prophet (peace be upon him) prayed four rak'ahs, 00:04:43.490 --> 00:04:46.189 while the people prayed two." 00:04:46.189 --> 00:04:52.350 Imam Ahmad in his *Musnad* and al-Hakim in his *Mustadrak* narrated with an authentic chain of transmission 00:04:52.350 --> 00:04:56.750 from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: 00:04:56.750 --> 00:04:59.949 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) fought 00:05:00.029 --> 00:05:02.910 Muharib Khasafah at Nakhl. 00:05:02.910 --> 00:05:05.709 They noticed a moment of inattention among the Muslims, 00:05:05.709 --> 00:05:10.350 so a man from among them, called Ghawrath ibn al-Harith, came 00:05:10.350 --> 00:05:16.029 until he stood over the head of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) with a sword. 00:05:16.029 --> 00:05:19.620 He said: 'Who will protect you from me?' 00:05:19.620 --> 00:05:23.300 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:05:23.300 --> 00:05:24.750 'Allah.' 00:05:24.750 --> 00:05:28.560 He said: 'So the sword dropped from his hand, 00:05:28.639 --> 00:05:33.439 and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) took the sword and said: 00:05:33.439 --> 00:05:35.149 'Who will protect you?' 00:05:35.149 --> 00:05:36.350 He said: 00:05:36.350 --> 00:05:38.420 'Be the best captor.' 00:05:38.420 --> 00:05:42.180 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:05:42.180 --> 00:05:45.060 'Do you bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, 00:05:45.060 --> 00:05:47.300 and that I am the Messenger of Allah?' 00:05:47.300 --> 00:05:49.220 The Bedouin said: 00:05:49.220 --> 00:05:51.779 'I promise you that I will not fight you, 00:05:51.779 --> 00:05:55.389 nor will I join any people who fight you.' 00:05:55.389 --> 00:05:56.670 He said: 00:05:56.670 --> 00:06:01.490 'So the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) let him go, 00:06:01.490 --> 00:06:04.449 and he went to his people and said: 00:06:04.449 --> 00:06:08.129 "I have come to you from the best of mankind."' 00:06:08.129 --> 00:06:10.370 When the time for prayer arrived, 00:06:10.370 --> 00:06:15.230 the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) led the fear prayer. 00:06:15.230 --> 00:06:18.029 The people were divided into two groups: 00:06:18.029 --> 00:06:20.509 one group facing the enemy, 00:06:20.509 --> 00:06:25.970 and another group praying with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). 00:06:25.970 --> 00:06:29.889 He led the group that was with him in two rak'ahs, 00:06:29.889 --> 00:06:35.170 then they turned away and took the place of those facing the enemy, 00:06:35.170 --> 00:06:41.889 and the others came, and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) led them in two rak'ahs. 00:06:41.889 --> 00:06:45.410 So the people prayed two rak'ahs each, 00:06:45.410 --> 00:06:50.480 while the Prophet (peace be upon him) prayed four rak'ahs." 00:06:50.480 --> 00:06:52.480 Al-Hafiz [Ibn Hajar] said in *Fath al-Bari*: 00:06:52.480 --> 00:06:54.000 "In this hadith, there is evidence of 00:06:54.000 --> 00:06:57.759 the extraordinary courage of the Prophet (peace be upon him), 00:06:57.759 --> 00:06:59.600 the strength of his certainty, 00:06:59.600 --> 00:07:01.600 his patience in enduring harm, 00:07:01.600 --> 00:07:05.439 and his forbearance toward the ignorant." 00:07:05.439 --> 00:07:09.310 'Abbad ibn Bishr (may Allah be pleased with him) 00:07:09.310 --> 00:07:12.939 and Surah al-Kahf: 00:07:12.939 --> 00:07:18.939 Imam Ahmad narrated in his *Musnad* and Abu Dawud in his *Sunan* with a weak chain of transmission, 00:07:18.939 --> 00:07:23.740 though it has corroborating reports that strengthen it and elevate it to the level of good (*hasan*), 00:07:23.819 --> 00:07:28.139 from Jabir ibn 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: 00:07:28.139 --> 00:07:34.300 "We set out with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) on the Expedition of Dhat al-Riqa'. 00:07:34.300 --> 00:07:37.420 A woman from among the polytheists was struck. 00:07:37.420 --> 00:07:42.459 When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) turned back to return, 00:07:42.459 --> 00:07:45.740 her husband arrived, having been absent, 00:07:45.740 --> 00:07:53.220 and swore that he would not rest until he had shed blood among the Companions of Muhammad (peace be upon him). 00:07:53.220 --> 00:07:57.939 So he set out following the Prophet's tracks. 00:07:57.939 --> 00:08:02.100 The Prophet (peace be upon him) halted at a campsite 00:08:02.100 --> 00:08:07.230 and said: 'Who will guard us tonight?' 00:08:07.230 --> 00:08:11.790 A man from the Emigrants (*Muhajirun*) and a man from the Ansar stepped forward 00:08:11.790 --> 00:08:14.790 and said: 'We will, O Messenger of Allah.' 00:08:14.790 --> 00:08:18.350 He said: 'Guard the mouth of the mountain pass.' 00:08:18.350 --> 00:08:23.300 He said: And they had camped at the mouth of a valley's ravine. 00:08:23.300 --> 00:08:26.660 When the two men went out to the mouth of the pass, 00:08:26.660 --> 00:08:29.579 the Ansari said to the Muhajir: 00:08:29.579 --> 00:08:33.139 'Which part of the night would you prefer me to watch for you: 00:08:33.139 --> 00:08:35.500 the first part or the last part?' 00:08:35.500 --> 00:08:38.419 He said: 'Watch the first part for me.' 00:08:38.419 --> 00:08:41.220 So the Muhajir lay down and slept, 00:08:41.220 --> 00:08:44.340 while the Ansari stood up in prayer. 00:08:44.340 --> 00:08:45.899 Then the enemy man arrived, 00:08:45.899 --> 00:08:48.179 and when he saw the figure of the man, 00:08:48.179 --> 00:08:51.100 he recognized that he was the sentinel of the camp. 00:08:51.139 --> 00:08:54.460 He shot an arrow at him and struck him. 00:08:54.460 --> 00:08:58.490 The Ansari pulled it out, set it aside, and remained standing firm. 00:08:58.490 --> 00:09:02.529 Then he shot another arrow at him and struck him, 00:09:02.529 --> 00:09:06.659 so he pulled it out, set it aside, and remained standing firm. 00:09:06.659 --> 00:09:08.779 Then he shot a third arrow at him, 00:09:08.779 --> 00:09:10.620 striking him once more, 00:09:10.620 --> 00:09:12.860 so he pulled it out and set it aside. 00:09:12.860 --> 00:09:15.220 Then he bowed, prostrated, 00:09:15.220 --> 00:09:17.340 and awakened his companion, 00:09:17.340 --> 00:09:21.100 saying: 'Sit up, for I have been wounded!' 00:09:21.100 --> 00:09:22.419 So he leaped up, 00:09:22.419 --> 00:09:24.379 and when the enemy saw both of them, 00:09:24.379 --> 00:09:27.740 he realized they had been alerted to him, so he fled. 00:09:27.740 --> 00:09:32.019 When the Muhajir saw the Ansari drenched in blood, 00:09:32.019 --> 00:09:34.659 he exclaimed: 'Glory be to Allah! 00:09:34.659 --> 00:09:36.779 Why didn't you wake me?' 00:09:36.779 --> 00:09:40.700 He replied: 'I was reciting a Surah, 00:09:40.700 --> 00:09:44.740 and I did not wish to interrupt it until I had completed it. 00:09:44.740 --> 00:09:46.700 But when the shooting continued relentlessly, 00:09:46.700 --> 00:09:48.860 I bowed and alerted you. 00:09:48.860 --> 00:09:50.259 By Allah! 00:09:50.299 --> 00:09:56.460 Were it not for the fear of compromising an outpost the Prophet (peace be upon him) ordered me to guard, 00:09:56.460 --> 00:10:00.779 my breath would have been cut off before I ever interrupted or left it incomplete.'" 00:10:02.259 --> 00:10:06.179 *The Abridged Prophetic Biography (Seerah)*. 00:10:06.179 --> 00:10:13.080 Though the longing of people for one another may endure, 00:10:13.080 --> 00:10:20.100 longing for you exceeds all bounds. 00:10:20.139 --> 00:10:26.659 May Allah send blessings upon you as long as the call to prayer is raised, 00:10:26.659 --> 00:10:32.970 and as long as the words of everlasting remembrance 00:10:32.970 --> 00:10:34.809 move across lips.