1 00:00:00,180 --> 00:00:03,540 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:03,540 --> 00:00:06,429 Ifadah Center 3 00:00:06,429 --> 00:00:09,630 for Humanities Studies and Research 4 00:00:09,630 --> 00:00:11,070 presents: 5 00:00:11,070 --> 00:00:16,269 Abridged Sahih al-Bukhari. 6 00:00:16,269 --> 00:00:22,829 Chapter: When one of you enters the mosque, let him pray two rak'ahs. 7 00:00:22,829 --> 00:00:26,620 On the authority of Abu Qatadah al-Sulami, 8 00:00:27,179 --> 00:00:30,940 that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 9 00:00:30,940 --> 00:00:34,060 "When one of you enters the mosque, 10 00:00:34,060 --> 00:00:37,820 let him pray two rak'ahs before sitting down." 11 00:00:37,820 --> 00:00:41,539 Commentary on the Hadith: 12 00:00:41,539 --> 00:00:45,549 "Let him bow" means let him perform prayer. 13 00:00:45,549 --> 00:00:48,700 Points of Benefit from the Hadith: 14 00:00:48,700 --> 00:00:51,409 It is derived from the hadith 15 00:00:51,409 --> 00:00:53,890 that performing the mosque greeting prayer (Tahiyyat al-Masjid) is recommended, 16 00:00:53,890 --> 00:00:56,049 which is a prayer of two rak'ahs, 17 00:00:56,049 --> 00:00:58,369 and that whoever enters the mosque 18 00:00:58,689 --> 00:01:01,649 is discouraged from sitting down without praying, 19 00:01:01,649 --> 00:01:03,649 and this is a discouragement of avoidance (karahat tanziyah). 20 00:01:03,649 --> 00:01:06,689 But if he enters the mosque at a time when prayer is disliked, 21 00:01:06,689 --> 00:01:09,569 then there is scholarly disagreement regarding the recommendation of this prayer. 22 00:01:09,569 --> 00:01:14,269 Chapter: The Construction of the Mosque. 23 00:01:14,269 --> 00:01:17,409 On the authority of 'Abdullah Ibn 'Umar: 24 00:01:17,409 --> 00:01:22,530 In the era of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), the mosque 25 00:01:22,530 --> 00:01:24,530 was built of sun-dried mud bricks, 26 00:01:24,530 --> 00:01:26,530 its roof was made of palm branches, 27 00:01:26,530 --> 00:01:28,530 and its pillars were made of palm trunks. 28 00:01:29,010 --> 00:01:32,370 Abu Bakr added nothing to it, 29 00:01:32,370 --> 00:01:34,370 but 'Umar expanded it, 30 00:01:34,370 --> 00:01:36,370 rebuilding it along the original design 31 00:01:36,370 --> 00:01:40,049 of the era of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 32 00:01:40,049 --> 00:01:42,049 with mud bricks and palm branches, 33 00:01:42,049 --> 00:01:44,930 and he renewed its pillars with wood. 34 00:01:44,930 --> 00:01:46,930 Later, 'Uthman altered it, 35 00:01:46,930 --> 00:01:50,049 expanding it considerably; 36 00:01:50,049 --> 00:01:54,769 he built its walls with carved stone and gypsum plaster, 37 00:01:54,769 --> 00:01:58,450 made its pillars of carved stone, 38 00:01:58,609 --> 00:02:00,609 and roofed it with teakwood. 39 00:02:00,609 --> 00:02:04,319 Commentary on the Hadith: 40 00:02:04,319 --> 00:02:07,019 "Built of mud bricks" — 41 00:02:07,019 --> 00:02:11,340 mud bricks (*al-labin*) are molded from clay or similar material for construction. 42 00:02:11,340 --> 00:02:13,439 "Its roof was made of palm branches" — 43 00:02:13,439 --> 00:02:16,960 the *jarid* refers to palm fronds stripped of their leaves; 44 00:02:16,960 --> 00:02:20,159 if not stripped, they are called *sa'af*. 45 00:02:20,159 --> 00:02:25,099 "Its pillars" refers to the columns upon which the mosque stands. 46 00:02:25,099 --> 00:02:28,620 "He expanded it" means in both length and width, 47 00:02:28,780 --> 00:02:30,780 without changing its basic architecture, 48 00:02:30,780 --> 00:02:35,580 rather rebuilding it along the design set by the Prophet (peace be upon him). 49 00:02:35,580 --> 00:02:38,539 *Al-qissah* refers to gypsum (*jiss*), 50 00:02:38,539 --> 00:02:41,180 which the people of Egypt call lime (*jir*), 51 00:02:41,180 --> 00:02:44,370 and the people of the Levant call *kils*. 52 00:02:44,370 --> 00:02:46,370 "And roofed it with teakwood" 53 00:02:46,370 --> 00:02:49,009 means he constructed its roof out of teak (*al-saj*), 54 00:02:49,009 --> 00:02:51,009 which is a type of wood 55 00:02:51,009 --> 00:02:53,490 imported from India. 56 00:02:53,490 --> 00:02:56,849 Points of Benefit from the Hadith: 57 00:02:57,840 --> 00:02:59,840 It is derived from the hadith 58 00:03:00,240 --> 00:03:03,599 that the Sunnah regarding the construction of mosques is moderation 59 00:03:03,599 --> 00:03:06,000 and avoiding extravagance in erecting them, 60 00:03:06,000 --> 00:03:10,259 out of fear of discord and boasting in their construction. 61 00:03:10,259 --> 00:03:14,819 It also directs one to take from worldly goods only with moderation and sufficiency, 62 00:03:14,819 --> 00:03:17,460 to renounce indulgence in worldly luxuries, 63 00:03:17,460 --> 00:03:19,939 and to prefer having only what is barely necessary. 64 00:03:22,479 --> 00:03:26,419 Chapter: Cooperation in Building the Mosque. 65 00:03:26,419 --> 00:03:28,419 On the authority of 'Ikrimah, who said: 66 00:03:28,419 --> 00:03:32,099 Ibn 'Abbas told me and his son 'Ali: 67 00:03:32,180 --> 00:03:34,580 "Go to Abu Sa'id 68 00:03:34,580 --> 00:03:36,580 and listen to his hadiths." 69 00:03:36,580 --> 00:03:38,580 So we went, 70 00:03:38,580 --> 00:03:41,379 and found him tending to a garden wall of his. 71 00:03:41,379 --> 00:03:44,400 He took his cloak, sat with his knees pulled to his chest, wrapping the cloak around them, 72 00:03:44,400 --> 00:03:46,879 and began narrating hadiths to us, 73 00:03:46,879 --> 00:03:50,080 until he mentioned the construction of the mosque. 74 00:03:50,080 --> 00:03:51,599 He said: 75 00:03:51,599 --> 00:03:54,719 "We were carrying one brick at a time, 76 00:03:54,719 --> 00:03:58,240 while 'Ammar was carrying two bricks at a time. 77 00:03:58,560 --> 00:04:02,400 The Prophet (peace be upon him) saw him, 78 00:04:02,400 --> 00:04:06,000 brushed the dust off him, and said: 79 00:04:06,000 --> 00:04:08,000 'May Allah have mercy on 'Ammar! 80 00:04:08,000 --> 00:04:10,800 The rebellious group will kill him; 81 00:04:10,800 --> 00:04:13,120 he invites them to Paradise, 82 00:04:13,120 --> 00:04:16,160 and they invite him to the Fire.'" 83 00:04:16,160 --> 00:04:17,199 He said: 84 00:04:17,199 --> 00:04:19,199 "'Ammar would say: 85 00:04:19,199 --> 00:04:22,740 'I seek refuge in Allah from trials and tribulations.'" 86 00:04:22,740 --> 00:04:26,129 Commentary on the Hadith: 87 00:04:26,129 --> 00:04:27,410 "In a *ha'it*" 88 00:04:27,410 --> 00:04:29,089 means in an orchard or garden. 89 00:04:29,089 --> 00:04:30,370 "Sat with his knees pulled to his chest" (*ihtaba*) 90 00:04:30,370 --> 00:04:33,970 means he sat on his buttocks, raised his shins, 91 00:04:33,970 --> 00:04:38,050 and bound his garment around his waist and knees. 92 00:04:38,050 --> 00:04:39,250 "Began" (*ansha'a*) 93 00:04:39,250 --> 00:04:41,250 means he initiated and started. 94 00:04:41,250 --> 00:04:42,529 "*Wayh*" 95 00:04:42,529 --> 00:04:47,569 is an expression of sympathy and mercy for someone who meets an undeserved peril, 96 00:04:47,569 --> 00:04:53,410 just as "*wayl*" is an expression of punishment for someone who meets a deserved peril. 97 00:04:53,410 --> 00:04:55,569 "The rebellious group" (*al-fi'ah al-baghiyah*) 98 00:04:55,569 --> 00:04:57,889 refers to those who opposed the legitimate leader 99 00:04:58,050 --> 00:05:01,649 and renounced obedience to him based on an erroneous interpretation. 100 00:05:06,500 --> 00:05:08,500 Points of Benefit from the Hadith: 101 00:05:08,500 --> 00:05:13,860 A scholar may send his son to another scholar to learn from him, 102 00:05:13,860 --> 00:05:16,899 as no single person encompasses all knowledge. 103 00:05:16,899 --> 00:05:21,680 A scholar should compose himself and sit properly for narrating hadith. 104 00:05:21,680 --> 00:05:26,240 It directs one to refrain from teaching while engaged in manual labor. 105 00:05:26,319 --> 00:05:31,439 It shows the permissibility of enduring bearable hardship in doing righteous deeds. 106 00:05:31,439 --> 00:05:34,639 It directs one to honor laborers 107 00:05:34,639 --> 00:05:37,759 and treat them with kindness through both action and speech. 108 00:05:37,759 --> 00:05:42,509 It demonstrates the high virtue of 'Ammar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father). 109 00:05:42,509 --> 00:05:45,970 The hadith is among the clear signs of Prophethood, 110 00:05:45,970 --> 00:05:50,129 for what the Prophet (peace be upon him) foretold 111 00:05:50,129 --> 00:05:52,129 came to pass exactly as he said. 112 00:05:52,610 --> 00:05:58,129 It shows that a person should personally tend to his property and worldly affairs. 113 00:05:58,129 --> 00:06:02,189 It directs one to seek refuge in Allah from trials and tribulations. 114 00:06:02,189 --> 00:06:10,240 Chapter: Seeking the Help of Carpenters and Craftsmen for the Pulpit and Mosque Woodwork. 115 00:06:10,240 --> 00:06:15,329 On the authority of Jabir Ibn 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both), 116 00:06:15,329 --> 00:06:21,329 a woman from the Ansar said to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him): 117 00:06:21,329 --> 00:06:23,329 "O Messenger of Allah, 118 00:06:23,329 --> 00:06:26,329 shall I not make something for you to sit on? 119 00:06:26,329 --> 00:06:29,329 For I have a servant who is a carpenter." 120 00:06:29,329 --> 00:06:32,329 He said: "If you wish." 121 00:06:32,329 --> 00:06:35,389 He said: So she had the pulpit made for him. 122 00:06:35,389 --> 00:06:41,620 In another narration: The mosque was roofed upon palm trunks, 123 00:06:41,620 --> 00:06:48,620 and whenever the Prophet (peace be upon him) delivered a sermon, he would stand by one of the trunks. 124 00:06:48,620 --> 00:06:51,939 When Friday came, 125 00:06:51,939 --> 00:06:56,939 the Prophet (peace be upon him) sat upon the pulpit that had been made, 126 00:06:56,939 --> 00:07:00,939 and the palm trunk by which he used to preach cried out. 127 00:07:00,939 --> 00:07:07,129 In another narration: "We heard from the trunk a sound like the moaning of pregnant camels, 128 00:07:07,129 --> 00:07:10,129 until it was about to split apart." 129 00:07:10,129 --> 00:07:15,220 So the Prophet (peace be upon him) descended, went to it, 130 00:07:15,220 --> 00:07:17,220 and embraced it. 131 00:07:17,220 --> 00:07:21,220 It began to whimper like a weeping child being soothed, 132 00:07:21,220 --> 00:07:29,290 In another narration: "It whimpered like a child being calmed until it settled." 133 00:07:29,290 --> 00:07:34,290 He said: "It wept over the remembrance of Allah that it used to hear." 134 00:07:34,290 --> 00:07:37,990 Commentary on the Hadith: 135 00:07:37,990 --> 00:07:44,730 Chapter: Seeking the Help of Carpenters and Craftsmen for the Pulpit and Mosque Woodwork. 136 00:07:44,730 --> 00:07:49,889 Mentioning "carpenters and craftsmen" is conjunction of the general with the specific, 137 00:07:49,889 --> 00:07:53,050 as a carpenter is a craftsman. 138 00:07:53,050 --> 00:07:55,050 "For I have a servant who is a carpenter" — 139 00:07:55,050 --> 00:07:59,050 his name was Maymun, though other names have been suggested. 140 00:07:59,050 --> 00:08:01,240 "The palm trunk cried out" 141 00:08:01,240 --> 00:08:04,240 means the palm trunk wept out of yearning. 142 00:08:04,240 --> 00:08:07,399 "Until it was about to split apart" 143 00:08:07,399 --> 00:08:10,399 means crack open due to the intensity of its longing. 144 00:08:10,399 --> 00:08:13,529 "So the Prophet (peace be upon him) descended" 145 00:08:13,529 --> 00:08:15,529 means he came down from the pulpit. 146 00:08:15,529 --> 00:08:19,750 "It whimpered like a child being soothed" 147 00:08:19,750 --> 00:08:24,750 describes the state of a child when embraced by its mother after a bout of crying. 148 00:08:24,750 --> 00:08:29,040 "It settled" means it became calm and quiet. 149 00:08:29,040 --> 00:08:32,330 Points of Benefit from the Hadith: 150 00:08:32,330 --> 00:08:35,259 It is derived from the hadith 151 00:08:35,259 --> 00:08:42,259 that one is guided to seek the assistance of skilled craftsmen and experts in everything that benefits the Muslims. 152 00:08:42,259 --> 00:08:46,259 If someone makes a promise to another, 153 00:08:46,259 --> 00:08:49,259 it is permissible to ask for its fulfillment 154 00:08:49,259 --> 00:08:52,350 and encourage them to complete it. 155 00:08:52,350 --> 00:08:57,379 It is lawful to seek closeness to people of virtue through performing good deeds. 156 00:08:57,379 --> 00:09:02,450 It is recommended to accept an offered gift or service when it comes without asking. 157 00:09:02,450 --> 00:09:05,450 The hadith is among the signs of Prophethood, 158 00:09:05,450 --> 00:09:10,450 for the palm trunk yearned for and was comforted by the Prophet (peace be upon him). 159 00:09:10,450 --> 00:09:15,529 Chapter: Whoever Builds a Mosque. 160 00:09:15,529 --> 00:09:18,879 On the authority of 'Ubaydullah al-Khawlani, 161 00:09:18,879 --> 00:09:27,879 that he heard 'Uthman Ibn 'Affan saying, in response to what people said about him when he rebuilt the Prophet's Mosque: 162 00:09:27,879 --> 00:09:29,909 "You have spoken excessively, 163 00:09:29,909 --> 00:09:34,909 and I indeed heard the Prophet (peace be upon him) say: 164 00:09:34,909 --> 00:09:38,909 'Whoever builds a mosque seeking thereby the face of Allah, 165 00:09:38,909 --> 00:09:43,549 Allah will build for him the like of it in Paradise.'" 166 00:09:43,549 --> 00:09:47,190 Commentary on the Hadith: 167 00:09:47,190 --> 00:09:49,190 "You have spoken excessively" 168 00:09:49,190 --> 00:09:52,190 means you have indulged in too much talk and disapproval, 169 00:09:52,190 --> 00:09:58,320 because they preferred to leave the Prophet's Mosque in its original form as first built. 170 00:09:58,320 --> 00:10:00,320 "Seeking thereby the face of Allah" 171 00:10:00,320 --> 00:10:03,639 means being purely sincere in building it for Him. 172 00:10:03,639 --> 00:10:07,659 Points of Benefit from the Hadith: 173 00:10:07,659 --> 00:10:09,659 It is derived from the hadith 174 00:10:09,659 --> 00:10:12,659 that there is great virtue in building and erecting mosques, 175 00:10:12,659 --> 00:10:16,659 and this reward is attained by whoever renovates and expands them. 176 00:10:16,659 --> 00:10:19,789 It contains an exhortation toward sincerity in deeds. 177 00:10:19,789 --> 00:10:26,940 Chapter: Holding Arrows by Their Tips When Passing Through the Mosque. 178 00:10:26,940 --> 00:10:29,450 On the authority of Jabir: 179 00:10:29,450 --> 00:10:34,450 A man passed through the mosque carrying arrows with their iron tips exposed, 180 00:10:34,450 --> 00:10:37,450 so he was commanded to hold them by their tips, 181 00:10:37,450 --> 00:10:40,450 lest he scratch a Muslim. 182 00:10:40,450 --> 00:10:44,019 Commentary on the Hadith: 183 00:10:44,019 --> 00:10:48,820 Chapter: Holding Arrows by Their Tips When Passing Through the Mosque. 184 00:10:48,820 --> 00:10:52,019 *Nabl* means arrows. 185 00:10:52,019 --> 00:10:54,019 "Exposed" means revealed. 186 00:10:54,019 --> 00:10:56,019 "Their tips" (*nusuuluha*) — 187 00:10:56,019 --> 00:10:58,019 the tip of an arrow (*nasl*) 188 00:10:58,019 --> 00:11:00,019 is its iron arrowhead that inflicts wounds. 189 00:11:00,019 --> 00:11:02,299 "To hold" 190 00:11:02,299 --> 00:11:04,370 means to grasp firmly. 191 00:11:04,370 --> 00:11:06,370 "Lest he scratch a Muslim" 192 00:11:06,370 --> 00:11:08,370 means lest he wound him, 193 00:11:08,370 --> 00:11:10,370 and a scratch is the slightest of wounds. 194 00:11:10,370 --> 00:11:14,620 Points of Benefit from the Hadith: 195 00:11:14,620 --> 00:11:16,620 It is derived from the hadith 196 00:11:16,620 --> 00:11:18,620 that the sanctity of a Muslim is firmly emphasized, 197 00:11:18,620 --> 00:11:20,620 so he must not be harmed in the mosque, 198 00:11:20,620 --> 00:11:23,620 for the mosque is a gathering place for people. 199 00:11:23,620 --> 00:11:27,679 It also demonstrates the compassion of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 200 00:11:27,679 --> 00:11:29,679 and his mercy toward the believers. 201 00:11:29,679 --> 00:11:33,779 It also shows the permissibility of bringing weapons into the mosque, 202 00:11:33,779 --> 00:11:37,779 provided there is safety against harming Muslims. 203 00:11:37,779 --> 00:11:42,220 Chapter: Passing Through the Mosque 204 00:11:42,220 --> 00:11:44,820 On the authority of Abu Musa, 205 00:11:44,820 --> 00:11:48,919 from the Prophet (peace be upon him), who said: 206 00:11:48,919 --> 00:11:50,919 "If one of you passes through our mosque 207 00:11:50,919 --> 00:11:52,919 or through our marketplace 208 00:11:52,919 --> 00:11:54,919 carrying arrows, 209 00:11:54,919 --> 00:11:56,919 let him hold them by their points," 210 00:11:56,919 --> 00:11:59,240 and in another narration: 211 00:11:59,240 --> 00:12:02,240 "let him grasp them by their points, 212 00:12:02,240 --> 00:12:05,340 lest he wound a Muslim with his palm," 213 00:12:05,340 --> 00:12:07,340 or he said: 214 00:12:07,340 --> 00:12:09,340 "let him clench his hand over them, 215 00:12:09,340 --> 00:12:13,340 lest any of them should strike a Muslim." 216 00:12:13,340 --> 00:12:17,649 Commentary on the hadith: 217 00:12:17,649 --> 00:12:19,649 "Or through our marketplace" 218 00:12:19,649 --> 00:12:22,649 means places where people gather. 219 00:12:22,649 --> 00:12:24,649 "Lest they strike" 220 00:12:24,649 --> 00:12:28,159 means lest they cause harm through a scratch or the like. 221 00:12:28,159 --> 00:12:31,929 Key benefits of the hadith: 222 00:12:31,929 --> 00:12:33,929 It is derived from the hadith: 223 00:12:33,929 --> 00:12:36,929 The permissibility of passing through the mosque carrying a weapon, 224 00:12:36,929 --> 00:12:39,960 provided there is safety against inflicting harm. 225 00:12:39,960 --> 00:12:42,960 It also indicates the prohibition of inflicting harm upon Muslims 226 00:12:42,960 --> 00:12:47,070 in public gatherings. 227 00:12:47,070 --> 00:12:49,070 Chapter: Poetry in the Mosque 228 00:12:49,070 --> 00:12:52,840 On the authority of Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab, who said: 229 00:12:52,840 --> 00:12:56,840 'Umar passed through the mosque while Hassan was reciting poetry, 230 00:12:56,840 --> 00:12:58,840 so Hassan said: 231 00:12:58,840 --> 00:13:00,840 "I used to recite poetry in it 232 00:13:00,840 --> 00:13:02,840 while in it was one better than you." 233 00:13:02,840 --> 00:13:07,100 Then he turned to Abu Hurayrah and said: 234 00:13:07,100 --> 00:13:09,100 "I adjure you by Allah, 235 00:13:09,100 --> 00:13:13,100 did you hear the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say: 236 00:13:13,100 --> 00:13:15,100 'Respond on my behalf; 237 00:13:15,100 --> 00:13:18,100 O Allah, support him with the Holy Spirit'?" 238 00:13:18,100 --> 00:13:20,100 He replied, "Yes." 239 00:13:20,100 --> 00:13:23,860 Commentary on the hadith: 240 00:13:23,860 --> 00:13:26,500 "While Hassan was reciting" 241 00:13:26,500 --> 00:13:28,570 means reciting poetry. 242 00:13:28,570 --> 00:13:30,570 "One better than you" 243 00:13:30,570 --> 00:13:33,570 refers to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 244 00:13:33,570 --> 00:13:35,659 "I adjure you by Allah" 245 00:13:35,659 --> 00:13:37,659 means: I ask you by Allah. 246 00:13:37,659 --> 00:13:39,950 "Respond on my behalf" 247 00:13:39,950 --> 00:13:42,080 means: lampoon them in defense of me. 248 00:13:42,080 --> 00:13:44,080 "O Allah, support..." 249 00:13:44,080 --> 00:13:48,210 The Prophet (peace be upon him) prayed for him to be aided 250 00:13:48,210 --> 00:13:50,210 "with the Holy Spirit," 251 00:13:50,210 --> 00:13:52,210 which refers to Jibril, peace be upon him. 252 00:13:52,210 --> 00:13:55,720 Key benefits of the hadith: 253 00:13:55,720 --> 00:13:58,419 It is derived from the hadith: 254 00:13:58,419 --> 00:14:01,419 The permissibility of acceptable poetry in the mosque. 255 00:14:01,419 --> 00:14:04,419 It also guides toward safeguarding the mosque 256 00:14:04,419 --> 00:14:06,419 against foul speech. 257 00:14:06,419 --> 00:14:11,490 It highlights the virtue of Hassan ibn Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him), 258 00:14:11,490 --> 00:14:14,490 the virtue of striving (jihad) with the tongue, 259 00:14:14,490 --> 00:14:19,490 and the obligation of defending the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 260 00:14:19,490 --> 00:14:24,659 Chapter: The Spear-Bearers in the Mosque 261 00:14:24,659 --> 00:14:29,269 On the authority of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: 262 00:14:29,269 --> 00:14:33,269 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) entered upon me 263 00:14:33,269 --> 00:14:38,269 while two young slave-girls were singing the songs of Bu'ath," 264 00:14:38,269 --> 00:14:39,500 and in another narration: 265 00:14:39,500 --> 00:14:43,690 "during the days of Mina, beating the tambourine (duff). 266 00:14:43,690 --> 00:14:45,690 He lay down on the bed 267 00:14:45,690 --> 00:14:47,750 and turned his face away. 268 00:14:47,750 --> 00:14:49,750 Then Abu Bakr entered 269 00:14:49,750 --> 00:14:50,750 and scolded me, 270 00:14:50,750 --> 00:14:51,750 saying: 271 00:14:51,750 --> 00:14:57,909 'The flute of Satan in the presence of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)?!' 272 00:14:57,909 --> 00:15:01,909 Thereupon, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) turned to him 273 00:15:01,909 --> 00:15:02,909 and said: 274 00:15:02,909 --> 00:15:05,039 'Let them be.' 275 00:15:05,039 --> 00:15:06,039 In another narration: 276 00:15:06,039 --> 00:15:09,039 'Every people has a festival (Eid), 277 00:15:09,039 --> 00:15:11,039 and this is our Eid.' 278 00:15:11,039 --> 00:15:13,070 When he became distracted, 279 00:15:13,070 --> 00:15:16,259 I signaled them with my eyes, and they left." 280 00:15:16,259 --> 00:15:17,259 She continued: 281 00:15:17,259 --> 00:15:19,259 "It was the day of Eid, 282 00:15:19,259 --> 00:15:23,259 and the Abyssinians were playing with leather shields and spears. 283 00:15:23,259 --> 00:15:27,259 Either I asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 284 00:15:27,259 --> 00:15:28,259 or he asked: 285 00:15:28,259 --> 00:15:31,259 'Would you like to watch?' 286 00:15:31,259 --> 00:15:33,259 She said, 'Yes.' 287 00:15:33,259 --> 00:15:35,259 So he stood me behind him, 288 00:15:35,259 --> 00:15:37,259 with my cheek against his cheek," 289 00:15:37,259 --> 00:15:39,549 and in another narration: 290 00:15:39,549 --> 00:15:41,710 "'Umar rebuked them, 291 00:15:41,710 --> 00:15:42,710 but the Prophet said: 292 00:15:42,710 --> 00:15:45,899 'Carry on, O Banu Arfida!' 293 00:15:45,899 --> 00:15:47,899 until when I grew tired, 294 00:15:47,899 --> 00:15:48,899 he said: 295 00:15:48,899 --> 00:15:49,899 'Is that enough for you?' 296 00:15:49,899 --> 00:15:51,899 I said, 'Yes.' 297 00:15:51,899 --> 00:15:52,899 He said: 298 00:15:52,899 --> 00:15:55,059 'Then you may go.'" 299 00:15:55,059 --> 00:15:56,059 In another narration: 300 00:15:56,059 --> 00:16:00,059 "So appreciate the desire of a young girl 301 00:16:00,059 --> 00:16:02,059 eager for entertainment." 302 00:16:02,059 --> 00:16:05,830 Commentary on the hadith: 303 00:16:05,830 --> 00:16:08,500 "Two young slave-girls" 304 00:16:08,500 --> 00:16:10,500 means they were below the age of puberty. 305 00:16:10,500 --> 00:16:12,539 "Bu'ath" 306 00:16:12,539 --> 00:16:15,539 is a famous battle day among the Arabs 307 00:16:15,539 --> 00:16:19,539 in which a great battle took place between the Aws and the Khazraj. 308 00:16:19,539 --> 00:16:21,659 "He scolded me" 309 00:16:21,659 --> 00:16:23,659 means he rebuked me. 310 00:16:23,659 --> 00:16:25,659 "The flute of Satan" 311 00:16:25,659 --> 00:16:28,759 refers to singing or the tambourine. 312 00:16:28,759 --> 00:16:30,759 "He turned to him" 313 00:16:30,759 --> 00:16:33,950 means toward Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). 314 00:16:33,950 --> 00:16:34,950 "Let them be" 315 00:16:34,950 --> 00:16:36,950 means leave them alone. 316 00:16:36,950 --> 00:16:37,950 "He became distracted" 317 00:16:37,950 --> 00:16:39,950 means he engaged in another matter. 318 00:16:39,950 --> 00:16:42,019 "I signaled them" (ghamztuhuma) 319 00:16:42,019 --> 00:16:43,019 Al-Ghamz 320 00:16:43,019 --> 00:16:46,019 means gesturing with the eye and eyebrow, 321 00:16:46,019 --> 00:16:48,019 or signaling with the hand and subtle gestures. 322 00:16:48,019 --> 00:16:50,179 "The dark-skinned people" (al-Sudan) 323 00:16:50,179 --> 00:16:51,179 refers to the Abyssinians (al-Habashah), 324 00:16:51,179 --> 00:16:54,179 also called al-Habash. 325 00:16:54,179 --> 00:16:55,179 "With leather shields" (al-daraq) 326 00:16:55,179 --> 00:17:00,210 A daraqah is a shield made of leather. 327 00:17:00,210 --> 00:17:01,210 "Either I asked" 328 00:17:01,210 --> 00:17:06,339 means I requested from the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). 329 00:17:06,339 --> 00:17:07,339 "They were beating the tambourine" (tudafficfan) 330 00:17:07,339 --> 00:17:10,339 means playing the duff. 331 00:17:10,339 --> 00:17:12,529 "Carry on, O Banu Arfida" 332 00:17:12,529 --> 00:17:15,529 Arfida is a title for the Abyssinians, 333 00:17:15,529 --> 00:17:17,529 or the name of their ancient forefather, 334 00:17:17,529 --> 00:17:19,529 and other explanations have been given. 335 00:17:19,529 --> 00:17:21,529 "I grew tired" (maliltu) 336 00:17:21,529 --> 00:17:22,529 means I became weary. 337 00:17:22,529 --> 00:17:23,559 "Is that enough for you?" (hasbuki) 338 00:17:23,559 --> 00:17:26,559 means: is this amount sufficient for you? 339 00:17:26,559 --> 00:17:29,819 Key benefits of the hadith: 340 00:17:29,819 --> 00:17:32,650 It is derived from the hadith: 341 00:17:32,650 --> 00:17:35,650 The permissibility of watching permissible entertainment. 342 00:17:35,650 --> 00:17:39,650 It also highlights the virtue of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) 343 00:17:39,650 --> 00:17:44,650 and her great status in the eyes of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). 344 00:17:44,650 --> 00:17:50,809 It directs that the places of virtuous people be kept free from frivolous pastimes, 345 00:17:50,809 --> 00:17:52,809 even if not inherently sinful, 346 00:17:52,809 --> 00:17:54,809 except with their permission. 347 00:17:54,809 --> 00:17:58,940 It demonstrates the obligation of enjoining good and forbidding wrong. 348 00:17:58,940 --> 00:18:04,059 It also shows that any activity containing a benefit for the religion and its adherents 349 00:18:04,059 --> 00:18:07,059 is permissible in the mosque. 350 00:18:07,059 --> 00:18:12,130 It indicates that expressing joy on the days of Eid is among the symbols of the religion. 351 00:18:12,130 --> 00:18:20,259 Chapter: Mentioning Buying and Selling from the Pulpit in the Mosque 352 00:18:20,259 --> 00:18:23,259 On the authority of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: 353 00:18:23,259 --> 00:18:26,259 "Barirah came to me and said: 354 00:18:26,259 --> 00:18:29,259 'I have contracted for my freedom with my masters for nine uqiyahs, 355 00:18:29,259 --> 00:18:32,259 one uqiyah each year,'" 356 00:18:32,259 --> 00:18:34,549 and in another narration: 357 00:18:34,549 --> 00:18:40,940 "'and she owed five uqiyahs scheduled over five years, 358 00:18:40,940 --> 00:18:42,940 so assist me.' 359 00:18:42,940 --> 00:18:43,940 I said: 360 00:18:43,940 --> 00:18:46,940 'If your masters wish that I count it out for them in a single sum 361 00:18:46,940 --> 00:18:50,970 and that the right of loyalty (wala') belong to me, I will do so.' 362 00:18:50,970 --> 00:18:53,970 So Barirah went to her masters 363 00:18:53,970 --> 00:18:55,970 and told them, 364 00:18:55,970 --> 00:18:57,970 but they refused her offer. 365 00:18:57,970 --> 00:19:03,970 She returned from them while the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was seated, 366 00:19:03,970 --> 00:19:04,970 and said: 367 00:19:04,970 --> 00:19:07,970 'I presented that to them, 368 00:19:07,970 --> 00:19:11,970 but they refused unless the wala' belongs to them.' 369 00:19:11,970 --> 00:19:16,059 The Prophet (peace be upon him) heard this, 370 00:19:16,059 --> 00:19:20,059 and 'A'ishah informed the Prophet (peace be upon him). 371 00:19:20,059 --> 00:19:21,059 Thereupon he said: 372 00:19:21,059 --> 00:19:25,059 'Buy her and stipulate that the wala' belongs to them, 373 00:19:25,059 --> 00:19:28,059 for the wala' belongs only to the one who manumits.'" 374 00:19:28,059 --> 00:19:30,319 In another narration: 375 00:19:30,319 --> 00:19:32,349 "'The wala' belongs to the one who gives the silver 376 00:19:32,349 --> 00:19:34,349 and confers the favor of freedom.' 377 00:19:34,349 --> 00:19:36,480 So 'A'ishah did so. 378 00:19:36,480 --> 00:19:41,579 Then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) stood up among the people, 379 00:19:41,579 --> 00:19:44,579 praised and glorified Allah, 380 00:19:44,579 --> 00:19:46,579 and then said: 381 00:19:46,579 --> 00:19:47,579 'To proceed: 382 00:19:47,579 --> 00:19:53,579 What is the matter with people who lay down conditions not found in the Book of Allah? 383 00:19:53,579 --> 00:19:58,700 Any condition not found in the Book of Allah is invalid, 384 00:19:58,700 --> 00:20:00,700 even if it were a hundred conditions. 385 00:20:00,700 --> 00:20:03,799 The decree of Allah is more rightful, 386 00:20:03,799 --> 00:20:05,799 the condition of Allah is more binding, 387 00:20:05,799 --> 00:20:08,799 and the wala' belongs only to the one who manumits.'" 388 00:20:08,799 --> 00:20:12,440 Commentary on the hadith: 389 00:20:12,440 --> 00:20:15,109 "I have contracted" (katabtu) 390 00:20:15,109 --> 00:20:20,109 Al-Mukatabah is when a master manumits his slave in exchange for money paid in installments. 391 00:20:20,109 --> 00:20:21,140 "My masters" (ahli) 392 00:20:21,140 --> 00:20:24,140 refers to her masters who owned her. 393 00:20:24,140 --> 00:20:26,140 "Uqiyah" 394 00:20:26,140 --> 00:20:29,140 An uqiyah is forty silver dirhams, 395 00:20:29,140 --> 00:20:32,140 and its measure in contemporary weights 396 00:20:32,140 --> 00:20:35,140 is approximately one hundred and twenty grams. 397 00:20:35,140 --> 00:20:37,339 "So help me." 398 00:20:37,339 --> 00:20:39,339 Meaning: "Assist me." 399 00:20:39,339 --> 00:20:41,369 "I will pay it." 400 00:20:41,369 --> 00:20:43,369 Meaning: "I will disburse it." 401 00:20:43,369 --> 00:20:44,369 "And your loyalty (wala')." 402 00:20:44,369 --> 00:20:45,369 Wala' 403 00:20:45,369 --> 00:20:48,369 is a bond between the emancipator and the freed slave, 404 00:20:48,369 --> 00:20:51,369 resembling lineage in a certain respect. 405 00:20:51,369 --> 00:20:52,369 "Yet they refused." 406 00:20:52,369 --> 00:20:54,500 Meaning: they declined. 407 00:20:54,500 --> 00:20:55,500 "Take her." 408 00:20:55,500 --> 00:20:58,500 Meaning: buy her and set her free. 409 00:20:58,500 --> 00:21:00,589 "What is the matter with people..." 410 00:21:00,589 --> 00:21:02,589 Meaning: "What is their excuse..." 411 00:21:02,589 --> 00:21:05,589 And this was his manner, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 412 00:21:05,589 --> 00:21:09,589 to conceal the identity of the offender in his public exhortations. 413 00:21:09,589 --> 00:21:11,819 "Even if it were a hundred conditions." 414 00:21:11,819 --> 00:21:13,819 This is used for hyperbole. 415 00:21:13,819 --> 00:21:16,940 "The judgment of Allah is more binding." 416 00:21:16,940 --> 00:21:19,940 Meaning: the ruling of Allah has greater right and is more deserving of compliance 417 00:21:19,940 --> 00:21:22,940 than any conditions that contradict Islamic law. 418 00:21:22,940 --> 00:21:25,140 "And the condition of Allah is more reliable." 419 00:21:25,140 --> 00:21:28,140 Meaning: upholding His bounds is firmer and more obligatory. 420 00:21:28,140 --> 00:21:31,299 "Loyalty belongs only to the one who emancipates." 421 00:21:31,299 --> 00:21:34,299 Meaning: the right of wala' belongs solely to the person who frees the slave. 422 00:21:34,299 --> 00:21:36,299 Wala' is like kinship: 423 00:21:36,299 --> 00:21:39,299 it can neither be sold nor gifted. 424 00:21:39,299 --> 00:21:42,619 Among the lessons of the hadith: 425 00:21:42,619 --> 00:21:44,619 It is derived from the hadith 426 00:21:44,619 --> 00:21:48,420 that whoever stipulates an unlawful condition in a sale, 427 00:21:48,420 --> 00:21:50,420 the condition is void, 428 00:21:50,420 --> 00:21:54,420 while other conditions are subject to detailed rulings among the jurists. 429 00:21:54,420 --> 00:21:58,509 It also demonstrates the permissibility of rhymed prose if it is natural and unforced. 430 00:21:58,509 --> 00:22:01,509 It demonstrates the obligation of enjoining good 431 00:22:01,509 --> 00:22:03,509 and forbidding evil, 432 00:22:03,509 --> 00:22:06,509 as well as the obligation of clinging firmly to the Book and the Sunnah. 433 00:22:06,509 --> 00:22:12,690 Chapter: Demanding Repayment of Debts and Detaining the Debtor in the Mosque 434 00:22:12,690 --> 00:22:14,690 On the authority of Ka'b: 435 00:22:14,690 --> 00:22:18,009 He demanded repayment of a debt from Ibn Abi Hadrad 436 00:22:18,009 --> 00:22:21,009 that was owed to him, while in the mosque. 437 00:22:21,009 --> 00:22:23,009 Their voices rose 438 00:22:23,009 --> 00:22:25,009 until they were heard by a man— 439 00:22:26,009 --> 00:22:30,009 until the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, heard them 440 00:22:30,009 --> 00:22:32,009 while he was in his house. 441 00:22:32,009 --> 00:22:34,009 So he came out to them, 442 00:22:34,009 --> 00:22:37,009 lifting the curtain of his chamber, 443 00:22:37,009 --> 00:22:40,009 and called out: "O Ka'b!" 444 00:22:40,009 --> 00:22:43,009 He replied: "Here I am at your service, O Messenger of Allah." 445 00:22:43,009 --> 00:22:47,009 He said: "Remit this much of your debt," 446 00:22:47,009 --> 00:22:50,009 gesturing to him to indicate half. 447 00:22:50,009 --> 00:22:54,069 He said: "I have done so, O Messenger of Allah." 448 00:22:54,069 --> 00:22:57,740 He said: "Get up and pay him." 449 00:22:57,740 --> 00:23:01,450 Commentary on the hadith: 450 00:23:01,450 --> 00:23:03,450 Taqadi: 451 00:23:03,450 --> 00:23:06,450 Taqadi means demanding one's due from an adversary, 452 00:23:06,450 --> 00:23:08,509 whether a debt or otherwise. 453 00:23:08,509 --> 00:23:10,509 Sijf is a curtain; 454 00:23:10,509 --> 00:23:14,509 it is also said that every doorway draped with two joined curtains, 455 00:23:14,509 --> 00:23:17,799 each half of it is called a sijf. 456 00:23:17,799 --> 00:23:20,799 "Labbayk" means: "I respond to you 457 00:23:20,799 --> 00:23:23,859 and remain steadfast in your obedience." 458 00:23:24,859 --> 00:23:26,930 Meaning: he gestured to him. 459 00:23:26,930 --> 00:23:30,019 "Al-shatr" means: half. 460 00:23:30,019 --> 00:23:33,569 "Faqdih" means: pay his debt. 461 00:23:37,339 --> 00:23:39,339 It is derived from the hadith 462 00:23:39,339 --> 00:23:42,430 that acting upon an understood gesture is permissible. 463 00:23:42,430 --> 00:23:46,500 It also contains the recommendation of interceding with the rightful claimant, 464 00:23:46,500 --> 00:23:52,769 and the recommendation to accept intercession in matters that do not involve sin. 465 00:23:52,769 --> 00:23:54,769 Chapter: Sweeping the Mosque 466 00:23:54,769 --> 00:23:57,769 and Picking Up Scraps of Cloth, Dirt, and Twigs 467 00:23:57,769 --> 00:24:01,730 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him: 468 00:24:01,730 --> 00:24:04,730 A Black person—either a man or a woman— 469 00:24:04,730 --> 00:24:07,730 used to sweep the mosque. 470 00:24:07,730 --> 00:24:13,890 The person died, but the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was not informed of their death. 471 00:24:13,890 --> 00:24:16,890 One day he remembered the person and asked: 472 00:24:16,890 --> 00:24:19,890 "What happened to that person?" 473 00:24:19,890 --> 00:24:24,049 They replied: "They passed away, O Messenger of Allah." 474 00:24:24,049 --> 00:24:28,049 He said: "Why did you not notify me?" 475 00:24:28,049 --> 00:24:33,079 They explained the matter, saying such and such, 476 00:24:33,079 --> 00:24:36,180 as they had deemed the person of little consequence. 477 00:24:36,180 --> 00:24:40,240 He said: "Direct me to the grave." 478 00:24:40,240 --> 00:24:44,200 So he went to the grave and prayed over it. 479 00:24:44,200 --> 00:24:47,619 Commentary on the hadith: 480 00:24:47,619 --> 00:24:52,680 Chapter: Sweeping the Mosque and Picking Up Scraps of Cloth, Dirt, and Twigs 481 00:24:52,680 --> 00:24:54,680 Sweeping the mosque: 482 00:24:54,680 --> 00:24:57,680 meaning, removing refuse from it. 483 00:24:57,680 --> 00:25:02,680 Picking up means to come upon something without intentionally seeking it out. 484 00:25:02,680 --> 00:25:07,680 Dirt and twigs refer to pieces of wood, straw, and the like. 485 00:25:07,680 --> 00:25:11,869 "Yaqummu" means: he removes the refuse. 486 00:25:11,869 --> 00:25:16,869 "Did you not notify me?" Meaning: why did you not inform me of the death so I could offer the funeral prayer? 487 00:25:16,869 --> 00:25:18,940 "They deemed the person of little consequence": 488 00:25:18,940 --> 00:25:22,190 meaning, they belittled the person's status. 489 00:25:22,190 --> 00:25:24,190 Among the lessons of the hadith: 490 00:25:24,190 --> 00:25:26,990 It is derived from the hadith 491 00:25:26,990 --> 00:25:29,990 an affirmation of the virtue of maintaining and serving the mosque. 492 00:25:29,990 --> 00:25:34,990 It provides guidance to check on companions and notice their absence. 493 00:25:34,990 --> 00:25:42,990 It highlights the desirability of praying for and showing mercy to whoever dedicates themselves to the service and benefit of Muslims. 494 00:25:42,990 --> 00:25:46,059 It indicates the recommendation of announcing a death. 495 00:25:46,059 --> 00:25:51,059 It also guides toward attending the funerals of the righteous. 496 00:25:51,059 --> 00:25:56,420 Chapter: Prohibition of the Sale of Wine in the Mosque 497 00:25:56,420 --> 00:25:59,029 On the authority of 'A'ishah, who said: 498 00:25:59,029 --> 00:26:04,029 When the verses regarding usury from Surah al-Baqarah were revealed, 499 00:26:04,029 --> 00:26:08,029 the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, went out to the mosque 500 00:26:08,029 --> 00:26:11,029 and recited them to the people. 501 00:26:11,029 --> 00:26:14,029 Then he prohibited the trade of wine. 502 00:26:14,029 --> 00:26:17,740 Commentary on the hadith: 503 00:26:17,740 --> 00:26:20,309 He prohibited the trade of wine: 504 00:26:20,309 --> 00:26:23,309 meaning, the buying and selling of wine. 505 00:26:23,309 --> 00:26:29,549 Chapter: Tying a Prisoner or a Debtor in the Mosque 506 00:26:29,549 --> 00:26:32,029 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, 507 00:26:32,029 --> 00:26:36,029 from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said: 508 00:26:36,029 --> 00:26:40,099 "An 'ifrit from among the jinn suddenly assaulted me last night," 509 00:26:40,099 --> 00:26:42,099 or a similar phrase, 510 00:26:42,099 --> 00:26:45,099 "to interrupt my prayer. 511 00:26:45,099 --> 00:26:47,130 But Allah gave me power over him, 512 00:26:47,130 --> 00:26:52,130 and I intended to tie him to one of the pillars of the mosque 513 00:26:52,130 --> 00:26:56,130 so that you all might see him in the morning. 514 00:26:56,130 --> 00:26:59,220 Then I remembered the supplication of my brother Sulayman." 515 00:26:59,220 --> 00:27:04,220 “He said: My Lord! Forgive me and bestow on me sovereignty such as shall not belong to any after me. Lo! Thou art the Bestower.” (38:35) 516 00:27:04,220 --> 00:27:07,289 So he turned him back frustrated. 517 00:27:07,289 --> 00:27:11,660 Commentary on the hadith: 518 00:27:11,660 --> 00:27:13,660 "An 'ifrit": 519 00:27:13,660 --> 00:27:17,759 An 'ifrit is a rebellious, wicked jinni. 520 00:27:17,759 --> 00:27:19,759 "Suddenly assaulted me": 521 00:27:19,759 --> 00:27:22,890 meaning, he confronted me unexpectedly last night. 522 00:27:22,890 --> 00:27:25,950 Meaning: the night just passed. 523 00:27:25,950 --> 00:27:27,950 "Allah gave me power over him": 524 00:27:27,950 --> 00:27:30,950 meaning, He strengthened me and granted me victory over him. 525 00:27:30,950 --> 00:27:33,079 "Sariyah": 526 00:27:33,079 --> 00:27:34,079 meaning, a pillar. 527 00:27:34,079 --> 00:27:36,140 "He turned him back frustrated": 528 00:27:36,140 --> 00:27:40,140 meaning, humiliated, abased, and driven away. 529 00:27:40,140 --> 00:27:44,299 Among the lessons of the hadith: 530 00:27:44,299 --> 00:27:46,299 It is derived from the hadith 531 00:27:46,299 --> 00:27:48,299 an affirmation of the existence of the jinn 532 00:27:48,299 --> 00:27:51,299 and the possibility of human beings seeing them. 533 00:27:51,299 --> 00:27:54,299 The hadith indicates that the jinn are of various categories: 534 00:27:54,299 --> 00:27:57,299 among them is the rebellious 'ifrit, 535 00:27:57,299 --> 00:27:59,299 and among them are those lesser than that. 536 00:27:59,299 --> 00:28:03,299 It shows the permissibility of quoting from the Qur'an 537 00:28:03,299 --> 00:28:07,299 by citing an expression without intending it as formal recitation. 538 00:28:07,299 --> 00:28:11,299 It demonstrates the obligation of seeking refuge in Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, 539 00:28:11,299 --> 00:28:14,359 to protect oneself from the evils of the jinn. 540 00:28:14,359 --> 00:28:20,359 The hadith contains proof that the jinn do not permanently retain their original fiery form. 541 00:28:20,359 --> 00:28:22,460 It shows that the subjugation of the jinn 542 00:28:22,460 --> 00:28:26,460 was among the evidentiary signs of the prophethood of Sulayman, peace be upon him. 543 00:28:26,460 --> 00:28:32,460 It proves the permissibility of relating extraordinary experiences that happen to a person 544 00:28:32,460 --> 00:28:35,460 by way of reminder and admonition. 545 00:28:35,460 --> 00:28:39,460 It also indicates that minor movements do not invalidate the prayer.