WEBVTT 00:00:00.180 --> 00:00:03.540 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.540 --> 00:00:06.429 Ifadah Center 00:00:06.429 --> 00:00:09.630 for Humanities Studies and Research 00:00:09.630 --> 00:00:11.070 presents: 00:00:11.070 --> 00:00:16.269 Abridged Sahih al-Bukhari. 00:00:16.269 --> 00:00:22.829 Chapter: When one of you enters the mosque, let him pray two rak'ahs. 00:00:22.829 --> 00:00:26.620 On the authority of Abu Qatadah al-Sulami, 00:00:27.179 --> 00:00:30.940 that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:00:30.940 --> 00:00:34.060 "When one of you enters the mosque, 00:00:34.060 --> 00:00:37.820 let him pray two rak'ahs before sitting down." 00:00:37.820 --> 00:00:41.539 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:00:41.539 --> 00:00:45.549 "Let him bow" means let him perform prayer. 00:00:45.549 --> 00:00:48.700 Points of Benefit from the Hadith: 00:00:48.700 --> 00:00:51.409 It is derived from the hadith 00:00:51.409 --> 00:00:53.890 that performing the mosque greeting prayer (Tahiyyat al-Masjid) is recommended, 00:00:53.890 --> 00:00:56.049 which is a prayer of two rak'ahs, 00:00:56.049 --> 00:00:58.369 and that whoever enters the mosque 00:00:58.689 --> 00:01:01.649 is discouraged from sitting down without praying, 00:01:01.649 --> 00:01:03.649 and this is a discouragement of avoidance (karahat tanziyah). 00:01:03.649 --> 00:01:06.689 But if he enters the mosque at a time when prayer is disliked, 00:01:06.689 --> 00:01:09.569 then there is scholarly disagreement regarding the recommendation of this prayer. 00:01:09.569 --> 00:01:14.269 Chapter: The Construction of the Mosque. 00:01:14.269 --> 00:01:17.409 On the authority of 'Abdullah Ibn 'Umar: 00:01:17.409 --> 00:01:22.530 In the era of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), the mosque 00:01:22.530 --> 00:01:24.530 was built of sun-dried mud bricks, 00:01:24.530 --> 00:01:26.530 its roof was made of palm branches, 00:01:26.530 --> 00:01:28.530 and its pillars were made of palm trunks. 00:01:29.010 --> 00:01:32.370 Abu Bakr added nothing to it, 00:01:32.370 --> 00:01:34.370 but 'Umar expanded it, 00:01:34.370 --> 00:01:36.370 rebuilding it along the original design 00:01:36.370 --> 00:01:40.049 of the era of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 00:01:40.049 --> 00:01:42.049 with mud bricks and palm branches, 00:01:42.049 --> 00:01:44.930 and he renewed its pillars with wood. 00:01:44.930 --> 00:01:46.930 Later, 'Uthman altered it, 00:01:46.930 --> 00:01:50.049 expanding it considerably; 00:01:50.049 --> 00:01:54.769 he built its walls with carved stone and gypsum plaster, 00:01:54.769 --> 00:01:58.450 made its pillars of carved stone, 00:01:58.609 --> 00:02:00.609 and roofed it with teakwood. 00:02:00.609 --> 00:02:04.319 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:02:04.319 --> 00:02:07.019 "Built of mud bricks" — 00:02:07.019 --> 00:02:11.340 mud bricks (*al-labin*) are molded from clay or similar material for construction. 00:02:11.340 --> 00:02:13.439 "Its roof was made of palm branches" — 00:02:13.439 --> 00:02:16.960 the *jarid* refers to palm fronds stripped of their leaves; 00:02:16.960 --> 00:02:20.159 if not stripped, they are called *sa'af*. 00:02:20.159 --> 00:02:25.099 "Its pillars" refers to the columns upon which the mosque stands. 00:02:25.099 --> 00:02:28.620 "He expanded it" means in both length and width, 00:02:28.780 --> 00:02:30.780 without changing its basic architecture, 00:02:30.780 --> 00:02:35.580 rather rebuilding it along the design set by the Prophet (peace be upon him). 00:02:35.580 --> 00:02:38.539 *Al-qissah* refers to gypsum (*jiss*), 00:02:38.539 --> 00:02:41.180 which the people of Egypt call lime (*jir*), 00:02:41.180 --> 00:02:44.370 and the people of the Levant call *kils*. 00:02:44.370 --> 00:02:46.370 "And roofed it with teakwood" 00:02:46.370 --> 00:02:49.009 means he constructed its roof out of teak (*al-saj*), 00:02:49.009 --> 00:02:51.009 which is a type of wood 00:02:51.009 --> 00:02:53.490 imported from India. 00:02:53.490 --> 00:02:56.849 Points of Benefit from the Hadith: 00:02:57.840 --> 00:02:59.840 It is derived from the hadith 00:03:00.240 --> 00:03:03.599 that the Sunnah regarding the construction of mosques is moderation 00:03:03.599 --> 00:03:06.000 and avoiding extravagance in erecting them, 00:03:06.000 --> 00:03:10.259 out of fear of discord and boasting in their construction. 00:03:10.259 --> 00:03:14.819 It also directs one to take from worldly goods only with moderation and sufficiency, 00:03:14.819 --> 00:03:17.460 to renounce indulgence in worldly luxuries, 00:03:17.460 --> 00:03:19.939 and to prefer having only what is barely necessary. 00:03:22.479 --> 00:03:26.419 Chapter: Cooperation in Building the Mosque. 00:03:26.419 --> 00:03:28.419 On the authority of 'Ikrimah, who said: 00:03:28.419 --> 00:03:32.099 Ibn 'Abbas told me and his son 'Ali: 00:03:32.180 --> 00:03:34.580 "Go to Abu Sa'id 00:03:34.580 --> 00:03:36.580 and listen to his hadiths." 00:03:36.580 --> 00:03:38.580 So we went, 00:03:38.580 --> 00:03:41.379 and found him tending to a garden wall of his. 00:03:41.379 --> 00:03:44.400 He took his cloak, sat with his knees pulled to his chest, wrapping the cloak around them, 00:03:44.400 --> 00:03:46.879 and began narrating hadiths to us, 00:03:46.879 --> 00:03:50.080 until he mentioned the construction of the mosque. 00:03:50.080 --> 00:03:51.599 He said: 00:03:51.599 --> 00:03:54.719 "We were carrying one brick at a time, 00:03:54.719 --> 00:03:58.240 while 'Ammar was carrying two bricks at a time. 00:03:58.560 --> 00:04:02.400 The Prophet (peace be upon him) saw him, 00:04:02.400 --> 00:04:06.000 brushed the dust off him, and said: 00:04:06.000 --> 00:04:08.000 'May Allah have mercy on 'Ammar! 00:04:08.000 --> 00:04:10.800 The rebellious group will kill him; 00:04:10.800 --> 00:04:13.120 he invites them to Paradise, 00:04:13.120 --> 00:04:16.160 and they invite him to the Fire.'" 00:04:16.160 --> 00:04:17.199 He said: 00:04:17.199 --> 00:04:19.199 "'Ammar would say: 00:04:19.199 --> 00:04:22.740 'I seek refuge in Allah from trials and tribulations.'" 00:04:22.740 --> 00:04:26.129 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:04:26.129 --> 00:04:27.410 "In a *ha'it*" 00:04:27.410 --> 00:04:29.089 means in an orchard or garden. 00:04:29.089 --> 00:04:30.370 "Sat with his knees pulled to his chest" (*ihtaba*) 00:04:30.370 --> 00:04:33.970 means he sat on his buttocks, raised his shins, 00:04:33.970 --> 00:04:38.050 and bound his garment around his waist and knees. 00:04:38.050 --> 00:04:39.250 "Began" (*ansha'a*) 00:04:39.250 --> 00:04:41.250 means he initiated and started. 00:04:41.250 --> 00:04:42.529 "*Wayh*" 00:04:42.529 --> 00:04:47.569 is an expression of sympathy and mercy for someone who meets an undeserved peril, 00:04:47.569 --> 00:04:53.410 just as "*wayl*" is an expression of punishment for someone who meets a deserved peril. 00:04:53.410 --> 00:04:55.569 "The rebellious group" (*al-fi'ah al-baghiyah*) 00:04:55.569 --> 00:04:57.889 refers to those who opposed the legitimate leader 00:04:58.050 --> 00:05:01.649 and renounced obedience to him based on an erroneous interpretation. 00:05:06.500 --> 00:05:08.500 Points of Benefit from the Hadith: 00:05:08.500 --> 00:05:13.860 A scholar may send his son to another scholar to learn from him, 00:05:13.860 --> 00:05:16.899 as no single person encompasses all knowledge. 00:05:16.899 --> 00:05:21.680 A scholar should compose himself and sit properly for narrating hadith. 00:05:21.680 --> 00:05:26.240 It directs one to refrain from teaching while engaged in manual labor. 00:05:26.319 --> 00:05:31.439 It shows the permissibility of enduring bearable hardship in doing righteous deeds. 00:05:31.439 --> 00:05:34.639 It directs one to honor laborers 00:05:34.639 --> 00:05:37.759 and treat them with kindness through both action and speech. 00:05:37.759 --> 00:05:42.509 It demonstrates the high virtue of 'Ammar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father). 00:05:42.509 --> 00:05:45.970 The hadith is among the clear signs of Prophethood, 00:05:45.970 --> 00:05:50.129 for what the Prophet (peace be upon him) foretold 00:05:50.129 --> 00:05:52.129 came to pass exactly as he said. 00:05:52.610 --> 00:05:58.129 It shows that a person should personally tend to his property and worldly affairs. 00:05:58.129 --> 00:06:02.189 It directs one to seek refuge in Allah from trials and tribulations. 00:06:02.189 --> 00:06:10.240 Chapter: Seeking the Help of Carpenters and Craftsmen for the Pulpit and Mosque Woodwork. 00:06:10.240 --> 00:06:15.329 On the authority of Jabir Ibn 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both), 00:06:15.329 --> 00:06:21.329 a woman from the Ansar said to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him): 00:06:21.329 --> 00:06:23.329 "O Messenger of Allah, 00:06:23.329 --> 00:06:26.329 shall I not make something for you to sit on? 00:06:26.329 --> 00:06:29.329 For I have a servant who is a carpenter." 00:06:29.329 --> 00:06:32.329 He said: "If you wish." 00:06:32.329 --> 00:06:35.389 He said: So she had the pulpit made for him. 00:06:35.389 --> 00:06:41.620 In another narration: The mosque was roofed upon palm trunks, 00:06:41.620 --> 00:06:48.620 and whenever the Prophet (peace be upon him) delivered a sermon, he would stand by one of the trunks. 00:06:48.620 --> 00:06:51.939 When Friday came, 00:06:51.939 --> 00:06:56.939 the Prophet (peace be upon him) sat upon the pulpit that had been made, 00:06:56.939 --> 00:07:00.939 and the palm trunk by which he used to preach cried out. 00:07:00.939 --> 00:07:07.129 In another narration: "We heard from the trunk a sound like the moaning of pregnant camels, 00:07:07.129 --> 00:07:10.129 until it was about to split apart." 00:07:10.129 --> 00:07:15.220 So the Prophet (peace be upon him) descended, went to it, 00:07:15.220 --> 00:07:17.220 and embraced it. 00:07:17.220 --> 00:07:21.220 It began to whimper like a weeping child being soothed, 00:07:21.220 --> 00:07:29.290 In another narration: "It whimpered like a child being calmed until it settled." 00:07:29.290 --> 00:07:34.290 He said: "It wept over the remembrance of Allah that it used to hear." 00:07:34.290 --> 00:07:37.990 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:07:37.990 --> 00:07:44.730 Chapter: Seeking the Help of Carpenters and Craftsmen for the Pulpit and Mosque Woodwork. 00:07:44.730 --> 00:07:49.889 Mentioning "carpenters and craftsmen" is conjunction of the general with the specific, 00:07:49.889 --> 00:07:53.050 as a carpenter is a craftsman. 00:07:53.050 --> 00:07:55.050 "For I have a servant who is a carpenter" — 00:07:55.050 --> 00:07:59.050 his name was Maymun, though other names have been suggested. 00:07:59.050 --> 00:08:01.240 "The palm trunk cried out" 00:08:01.240 --> 00:08:04.240 means the palm trunk wept out of yearning. 00:08:04.240 --> 00:08:07.399 "Until it was about to split apart" 00:08:07.399 --> 00:08:10.399 means crack open due to the intensity of its longing. 00:08:10.399 --> 00:08:13.529 "So the Prophet (peace be upon him) descended" 00:08:13.529 --> 00:08:15.529 means he came down from the pulpit. 00:08:15.529 --> 00:08:19.750 "It whimpered like a child being soothed" 00:08:19.750 --> 00:08:24.750 describes the state of a child when embraced by its mother after a bout of crying. 00:08:24.750 --> 00:08:29.040 "It settled" means it became calm and quiet. 00:08:29.040 --> 00:08:32.330 Points of Benefit from the Hadith: 00:08:32.330 --> 00:08:35.259 It is derived from the hadith 00:08:35.259 --> 00:08:42.259 that one is guided to seek the assistance of skilled craftsmen and experts in everything that benefits the Muslims. 00:08:42.259 --> 00:08:46.259 If someone makes a promise to another, 00:08:46.259 --> 00:08:49.259 it is permissible to ask for its fulfillment 00:08:49.259 --> 00:08:52.350 and encourage them to complete it. 00:08:52.350 --> 00:08:57.379 It is lawful to seek closeness to people of virtue through performing good deeds. 00:08:57.379 --> 00:09:02.450 It is recommended to accept an offered gift or service when it comes without asking. 00:09:02.450 --> 00:09:05.450 The hadith is among the signs of Prophethood, 00:09:05.450 --> 00:09:10.450 for the palm trunk yearned for and was comforted by the Prophet (peace be upon him). 00:09:10.450 --> 00:09:15.529 Chapter: Whoever Builds a Mosque. 00:09:15.529 --> 00:09:18.879 On the authority of 'Ubaydullah al-Khawlani, 00:09:18.879 --> 00:09:27.879 that he heard 'Uthman Ibn 'Affan saying, in response to what people said about him when he rebuilt the Prophet's Mosque: 00:09:27.879 --> 00:09:29.909 "You have spoken excessively, 00:09:29.909 --> 00:09:34.909 and I indeed heard the Prophet (peace be upon him) say: 00:09:34.909 --> 00:09:38.909 'Whoever builds a mosque seeking thereby the face of Allah, 00:09:38.909 --> 00:09:43.549 Allah will build for him the like of it in Paradise.'" 00:09:43.549 --> 00:09:47.190 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:09:47.190 --> 00:09:49.190 "You have spoken excessively" 00:09:49.190 --> 00:09:52.190 means you have indulged in too much talk and disapproval, 00:09:52.190 --> 00:09:58.320 because they preferred to leave the Prophet's Mosque in its original form as first built. 00:09:58.320 --> 00:10:00.320 "Seeking thereby the face of Allah" 00:10:00.320 --> 00:10:03.639 means being purely sincere in building it for Him. 00:10:03.639 --> 00:10:07.659 Points of Benefit from the Hadith: 00:10:07.659 --> 00:10:09.659 It is derived from the hadith 00:10:09.659 --> 00:10:12.659 that there is great virtue in building and erecting mosques, 00:10:12.659 --> 00:10:16.659 and this reward is attained by whoever renovates and expands them. 00:10:16.659 --> 00:10:19.789 It contains an exhortation toward sincerity in deeds. 00:10:19.789 --> 00:10:26.940 Chapter: Holding Arrows by Their Tips When Passing Through the Mosque. 00:10:26.940 --> 00:10:29.450 On the authority of Jabir: 00:10:29.450 --> 00:10:34.450 A man passed through the mosque carrying arrows with their iron tips exposed, 00:10:34.450 --> 00:10:37.450 so he was commanded to hold them by their tips, 00:10:37.450 --> 00:10:40.450 lest he scratch a Muslim. 00:10:40.450 --> 00:10:44.019 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:10:44.019 --> 00:10:48.820 Chapter: Holding Arrows by Their Tips When Passing Through the Mosque. 00:10:48.820 --> 00:10:52.019 *Nabl* means arrows. 00:10:52.019 --> 00:10:54.019 "Exposed" means revealed. 00:10:54.019 --> 00:10:56.019 "Their tips" (*nusuuluha*) — 00:10:56.019 --> 00:10:58.019 the tip of an arrow (*nasl*) 00:10:58.019 --> 00:11:00.019 is its iron arrowhead that inflicts wounds. 00:11:00.019 --> 00:11:02.299 "To hold" 00:11:02.299 --> 00:11:04.370 means to grasp firmly. 00:11:04.370 --> 00:11:06.370 "Lest he scratch a Muslim" 00:11:06.370 --> 00:11:08.370 means lest he wound him, 00:11:08.370 --> 00:11:10.370 and a scratch is the slightest of wounds. 00:11:10.370 --> 00:11:14.620 Points of Benefit from the Hadith: 00:11:14.620 --> 00:11:16.620 It is derived from the hadith 00:11:16.620 --> 00:11:18.620 that the sanctity of a Muslim is firmly emphasized, 00:11:18.620 --> 00:11:20.620 so he must not be harmed in the mosque, 00:11:20.620 --> 00:11:23.620 for the mosque is a gathering place for people. 00:11:23.620 --> 00:11:27.679 It also demonstrates the compassion of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:11:27.679 --> 00:11:29.679 and his mercy toward the believers. 00:11:29.679 --> 00:11:33.779 It also shows the permissibility of bringing weapons into the mosque, 00:11:33.779 --> 00:11:37.779 provided there is safety against harming Muslims. 00:11:37.779 --> 00:11:42.220 Chapter: Passing Through the Mosque 00:11:42.220 --> 00:11:44.820 On the authority of Abu Musa, 00:11:44.820 --> 00:11:48.919 from the Prophet (peace be upon him), who said: 00:11:48.919 --> 00:11:50.919 "If one of you passes through our mosque 00:11:50.919 --> 00:11:52.919 or through our marketplace 00:11:52.919 --> 00:11:54.919 carrying arrows, 00:11:54.919 --> 00:11:56.919 let him hold them by their points," 00:11:56.919 --> 00:11:59.240 and in another narration: 00:11:59.240 --> 00:12:02.240 "let him grasp them by their points, 00:12:02.240 --> 00:12:05.340 lest he wound a Muslim with his palm," 00:12:05.340 --> 00:12:07.340 or he said: 00:12:07.340 --> 00:12:09.340 "let him clench his hand over them, 00:12:09.340 --> 00:12:13.340 lest any of them should strike a Muslim." 00:12:13.340 --> 00:12:17.649 Commentary on the hadith: 00:12:17.649 --> 00:12:19.649 "Or through our marketplace" 00:12:19.649 --> 00:12:22.649 means places where people gather. 00:12:22.649 --> 00:12:24.649 "Lest they strike" 00:12:24.649 --> 00:12:28.159 means lest they cause harm through a scratch or the like. 00:12:28.159 --> 00:12:31.929 Key benefits of the hadith: 00:12:31.929 --> 00:12:33.929 It is derived from the hadith: 00:12:33.929 --> 00:12:36.929 The permissibility of passing through the mosque carrying a weapon, 00:12:36.929 --> 00:12:39.960 provided there is safety against inflicting harm. 00:12:39.960 --> 00:12:42.960 It also indicates the prohibition of inflicting harm upon Muslims 00:12:42.960 --> 00:12:47.070 in public gatherings. 00:12:47.070 --> 00:12:49.070 Chapter: Poetry in the Mosque 00:12:49.070 --> 00:12:52.840 On the authority of Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab, who said: 00:12:52.840 --> 00:12:56.840 'Umar passed through the mosque while Hassan was reciting poetry, 00:12:56.840 --> 00:12:58.840 so Hassan said: 00:12:58.840 --> 00:13:00.840 "I used to recite poetry in it 00:13:00.840 --> 00:13:02.840 while in it was one better than you." 00:13:02.840 --> 00:13:07.100 Then he turned to Abu Hurayrah and said: 00:13:07.100 --> 00:13:09.100 "I adjure you by Allah, 00:13:09.100 --> 00:13:13.100 did you hear the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say: 00:13:13.100 --> 00:13:15.100 'Respond on my behalf; 00:13:15.100 --> 00:13:18.100 O Allah, support him with the Holy Spirit'?" 00:13:18.100 --> 00:13:20.100 He replied, "Yes." 00:13:20.100 --> 00:13:23.860 Commentary on the hadith: 00:13:23.860 --> 00:13:26.500 "While Hassan was reciting" 00:13:26.500 --> 00:13:28.570 means reciting poetry. 00:13:28.570 --> 00:13:30.570 "One better than you" 00:13:30.570 --> 00:13:33.570 refers to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:13:33.570 --> 00:13:35.659 "I adjure you by Allah" 00:13:35.659 --> 00:13:37.659 means: I ask you by Allah. 00:13:37.659 --> 00:13:39.950 "Respond on my behalf" 00:13:39.950 --> 00:13:42.080 means: lampoon them in defense of me. 00:13:42.080 --> 00:13:44.080 "O Allah, support..." 00:13:44.080 --> 00:13:48.210 The Prophet (peace be upon him) prayed for him to be aided 00:13:48.210 --> 00:13:50.210 "with the Holy Spirit," 00:13:50.210 --> 00:13:52.210 which refers to Jibril, peace be upon him. 00:13:52.210 --> 00:13:55.720 Key benefits of the hadith: 00:13:55.720 --> 00:13:58.419 It is derived from the hadith: 00:13:58.419 --> 00:14:01.419 The permissibility of acceptable poetry in the mosque. 00:14:01.419 --> 00:14:04.419 It also guides toward safeguarding the mosque 00:14:04.419 --> 00:14:06.419 against foul speech. 00:14:06.419 --> 00:14:11.490 It highlights the virtue of Hassan ibn Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:14:11.490 --> 00:14:14.490 the virtue of striving (jihad) with the tongue, 00:14:14.490 --> 00:14:19.490 and the obligation of defending the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:14:19.490 --> 00:14:24.659 Chapter: The Spear-Bearers in the Mosque 00:14:24.659 --> 00:14:29.269 On the authority of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: 00:14:29.269 --> 00:14:33.269 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) entered upon me 00:14:33.269 --> 00:14:38.269 while two young slave-girls were singing the songs of Bu'ath," 00:14:38.269 --> 00:14:39.500 and in another narration: 00:14:39.500 --> 00:14:43.690 "during the days of Mina, beating the tambourine (duff). 00:14:43.690 --> 00:14:45.690 He lay down on the bed 00:14:45.690 --> 00:14:47.750 and turned his face away. 00:14:47.750 --> 00:14:49.750 Then Abu Bakr entered 00:14:49.750 --> 00:14:50.750 and scolded me, 00:14:50.750 --> 00:14:51.750 saying: 00:14:51.750 --> 00:14:57.909 'The flute of Satan in the presence of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)?!' 00:14:57.909 --> 00:15:01.909 Thereupon, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) turned to him 00:15:01.909 --> 00:15:02.909 and said: 00:15:02.909 --> 00:15:05.039 'Let them be.' 00:15:05.039 --> 00:15:06.039 In another narration: 00:15:06.039 --> 00:15:09.039 'Every people has a festival (Eid), 00:15:09.039 --> 00:15:11.039 and this is our Eid.' 00:15:11.039 --> 00:15:13.070 When he became distracted, 00:15:13.070 --> 00:15:16.259 I signaled them with my eyes, and they left." 00:15:16.259 --> 00:15:17.259 She continued: 00:15:17.259 --> 00:15:19.259 "It was the day of Eid, 00:15:19.259 --> 00:15:23.259 and the Abyssinians were playing with leather shields and spears. 00:15:23.259 --> 00:15:27.259 Either I asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 00:15:27.259 --> 00:15:28.259 or he asked: 00:15:28.259 --> 00:15:31.259 'Would you like to watch?' 00:15:31.259 --> 00:15:33.259 She said, 'Yes.' 00:15:33.259 --> 00:15:35.259 So he stood me behind him, 00:15:35.259 --> 00:15:37.259 with my cheek against his cheek," 00:15:37.259 --> 00:15:39.549 and in another narration: 00:15:39.549 --> 00:15:41.710 "'Umar rebuked them, 00:15:41.710 --> 00:15:42.710 but the Prophet said: 00:15:42.710 --> 00:15:45.899 'Carry on, O Banu Arfida!' 00:15:45.899 --> 00:15:47.899 until when I grew tired, 00:15:47.899 --> 00:15:48.899 he said: 00:15:48.899 --> 00:15:49.899 'Is that enough for you?' 00:15:49.899 --> 00:15:51.899 I said, 'Yes.' 00:15:51.899 --> 00:15:52.899 He said: 00:15:52.899 --> 00:15:55.059 'Then you may go.'" 00:15:55.059 --> 00:15:56.059 In another narration: 00:15:56.059 --> 00:16:00.059 "So appreciate the desire of a young girl 00:16:00.059 --> 00:16:02.059 eager for entertainment." 00:16:02.059 --> 00:16:05.830 Commentary on the hadith: 00:16:05.830 --> 00:16:08.500 "Two young slave-girls" 00:16:08.500 --> 00:16:10.500 means they were below the age of puberty. 00:16:10.500 --> 00:16:12.539 "Bu'ath" 00:16:12.539 --> 00:16:15.539 is a famous battle day among the Arabs 00:16:15.539 --> 00:16:19.539 in which a great battle took place between the Aws and the Khazraj. 00:16:19.539 --> 00:16:21.659 "He scolded me" 00:16:21.659 --> 00:16:23.659 means he rebuked me. 00:16:23.659 --> 00:16:25.659 "The flute of Satan" 00:16:25.659 --> 00:16:28.759 refers to singing or the tambourine. 00:16:28.759 --> 00:16:30.759 "He turned to him" 00:16:30.759 --> 00:16:33.950 means toward Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:16:33.950 --> 00:16:34.950 "Let them be" 00:16:34.950 --> 00:16:36.950 means leave them alone. 00:16:36.950 --> 00:16:37.950 "He became distracted" 00:16:37.950 --> 00:16:39.950 means he engaged in another matter. 00:16:39.950 --> 00:16:42.019 "I signaled them" (ghamztuhuma) 00:16:42.019 --> 00:16:43.019 Al-Ghamz 00:16:43.019 --> 00:16:46.019 means gesturing with the eye and eyebrow, 00:16:46.019 --> 00:16:48.019 or signaling with the hand and subtle gestures. 00:16:48.019 --> 00:16:50.179 "The dark-skinned people" (al-Sudan) 00:16:50.179 --> 00:16:51.179 refers to the Abyssinians (al-Habashah), 00:16:51.179 --> 00:16:54.179 also called al-Habash. 00:16:54.179 --> 00:16:55.179 "With leather shields" (al-daraq) 00:16:55.179 --> 00:17:00.210 A daraqah is a shield made of leather. 00:17:00.210 --> 00:17:01.210 "Either I asked" 00:17:01.210 --> 00:17:06.339 means I requested from the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). 00:17:06.339 --> 00:17:07.339 "They were beating the tambourine" (tudafficfan) 00:17:07.339 --> 00:17:10.339 means playing the duff. 00:17:10.339 --> 00:17:12.529 "Carry on, O Banu Arfida" 00:17:12.529 --> 00:17:15.529 Arfida is a title for the Abyssinians, 00:17:15.529 --> 00:17:17.529 or the name of their ancient forefather, 00:17:17.529 --> 00:17:19.529 and other explanations have been given. 00:17:19.529 --> 00:17:21.529 "I grew tired" (maliltu) 00:17:21.529 --> 00:17:22.529 means I became weary. 00:17:22.529 --> 00:17:23.559 "Is that enough for you?" (hasbuki) 00:17:23.559 --> 00:17:26.559 means: is this amount sufficient for you? 00:17:26.559 --> 00:17:29.819 Key benefits of the hadith: 00:17:29.819 --> 00:17:32.650 It is derived from the hadith: 00:17:32.650 --> 00:17:35.650 The permissibility of watching permissible entertainment. 00:17:35.650 --> 00:17:39.650 It also highlights the virtue of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) 00:17:39.650 --> 00:17:44.650 and her great status in the eyes of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). 00:17:44.650 --> 00:17:50.809 It directs that the places of virtuous people be kept free from frivolous pastimes, 00:17:50.809 --> 00:17:52.809 even if not inherently sinful, 00:17:52.809 --> 00:17:54.809 except with their permission. 00:17:54.809 --> 00:17:58.940 It demonstrates the obligation of enjoining good and forbidding wrong. 00:17:58.940 --> 00:18:04.059 It also shows that any activity containing a benefit for the religion and its adherents 00:18:04.059 --> 00:18:07.059 is permissible in the mosque. 00:18:07.059 --> 00:18:12.130 It indicates that expressing joy on the days of Eid is among the symbols of the religion. 00:18:12.130 --> 00:18:20.259 Chapter: Mentioning Buying and Selling from the Pulpit in the Mosque 00:18:20.259 --> 00:18:23.259 On the authority of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: 00:18:23.259 --> 00:18:26.259 "Barirah came to me and said: 00:18:26.259 --> 00:18:29.259 'I have contracted for my freedom with my masters for nine uqiyahs, 00:18:29.259 --> 00:18:32.259 one uqiyah each year,'" 00:18:32.259 --> 00:18:34.549 and in another narration: 00:18:34.549 --> 00:18:40.940 "'and she owed five uqiyahs scheduled over five years, 00:18:40.940 --> 00:18:42.940 so assist me.' 00:18:42.940 --> 00:18:43.940 I said: 00:18:43.940 --> 00:18:46.940 'If your masters wish that I count it out for them in a single sum 00:18:46.940 --> 00:18:50.970 and that the right of loyalty (wala') belong to me, I will do so.' 00:18:50.970 --> 00:18:53.970 So Barirah went to her masters 00:18:53.970 --> 00:18:55.970 and told them, 00:18:55.970 --> 00:18:57.970 but they refused her offer. 00:18:57.970 --> 00:19:03.970 She returned from them while the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was seated, 00:19:03.970 --> 00:19:04.970 and said: 00:19:04.970 --> 00:19:07.970 'I presented that to them, 00:19:07.970 --> 00:19:11.970 but they refused unless the wala' belongs to them.' 00:19:11.970 --> 00:19:16.059 The Prophet (peace be upon him) heard this, 00:19:16.059 --> 00:19:20.059 and 'A'ishah informed the Prophet (peace be upon him). 00:19:20.059 --> 00:19:21.059 Thereupon he said: 00:19:21.059 --> 00:19:25.059 'Buy her and stipulate that the wala' belongs to them, 00:19:25.059 --> 00:19:28.059 for the wala' belongs only to the one who manumits.'" 00:19:28.059 --> 00:19:30.319 In another narration: 00:19:30.319 --> 00:19:32.349 "'The wala' belongs to the one who gives the silver 00:19:32.349 --> 00:19:34.349 and confers the favor of freedom.' 00:19:34.349 --> 00:19:36.480 So 'A'ishah did so. 00:19:36.480 --> 00:19:41.579 Then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) stood up among the people, 00:19:41.579 --> 00:19:44.579 praised and glorified Allah, 00:19:44.579 --> 00:19:46.579 and then said: 00:19:46.579 --> 00:19:47.579 'To proceed: 00:19:47.579 --> 00:19:53.579 What is the matter with people who lay down conditions not found in the Book of Allah? 00:19:53.579 --> 00:19:58.700 Any condition not found in the Book of Allah is invalid, 00:19:58.700 --> 00:20:00.700 even if it were a hundred conditions. 00:20:00.700 --> 00:20:03.799 The decree of Allah is more rightful, 00:20:03.799 --> 00:20:05.799 the condition of Allah is more binding, 00:20:05.799 --> 00:20:08.799 and the wala' belongs only to the one who manumits.'" 00:20:08.799 --> 00:20:12.440 Commentary on the hadith: 00:20:12.440 --> 00:20:15.109 "I have contracted" (katabtu) 00:20:15.109 --> 00:20:20.109 Al-Mukatabah is when a master manumits his slave in exchange for money paid in installments. 00:20:20.109 --> 00:20:21.140 "My masters" (ahli) 00:20:21.140 --> 00:20:24.140 refers to her masters who owned her. 00:20:24.140 --> 00:20:26.140 "Uqiyah" 00:20:26.140 --> 00:20:29.140 An uqiyah is forty silver dirhams, 00:20:29.140 --> 00:20:32.140 and its measure in contemporary weights 00:20:32.140 --> 00:20:35.140 is approximately one hundred and twenty grams. 00:20:35.140 --> 00:20:37.339 "So help me." 00:20:37.339 --> 00:20:39.339 Meaning: "Assist me." 00:20:39.339 --> 00:20:41.369 "I will pay it." 00:20:41.369 --> 00:20:43.369 Meaning: "I will disburse it." 00:20:43.369 --> 00:20:44.369 "And your loyalty (wala')." 00:20:44.369 --> 00:20:45.369 Wala' 00:20:45.369 --> 00:20:48.369 is a bond between the emancipator and the freed slave, 00:20:48.369 --> 00:20:51.369 resembling lineage in a certain respect. 00:20:51.369 --> 00:20:52.369 "Yet they refused." 00:20:52.369 --> 00:20:54.500 Meaning: they declined. 00:20:54.500 --> 00:20:55.500 "Take her." 00:20:55.500 --> 00:20:58.500 Meaning: buy her and set her free. 00:20:58.500 --> 00:21:00.589 "What is the matter with people..." 00:21:00.589 --> 00:21:02.589 Meaning: "What is their excuse..." 00:21:02.589 --> 00:21:05.589 And this was his manner, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:21:05.589 --> 00:21:09.589 to conceal the identity of the offender in his public exhortations. 00:21:09.589 --> 00:21:11.819 "Even if it were a hundred conditions." 00:21:11.819 --> 00:21:13.819 This is used for hyperbole. 00:21:13.819 --> 00:21:16.940 "The judgment of Allah is more binding." 00:21:16.940 --> 00:21:19.940 Meaning: the ruling of Allah has greater right and is more deserving of compliance 00:21:19.940 --> 00:21:22.940 than any conditions that contradict Islamic law. 00:21:22.940 --> 00:21:25.140 "And the condition of Allah is more reliable." 00:21:25.140 --> 00:21:28.140 Meaning: upholding His bounds is firmer and more obligatory. 00:21:28.140 --> 00:21:31.299 "Loyalty belongs only to the one who emancipates." 00:21:31.299 --> 00:21:34.299 Meaning: the right of wala' belongs solely to the person who frees the slave. 00:21:34.299 --> 00:21:36.299 Wala' is like kinship: 00:21:36.299 --> 00:21:39.299 it can neither be sold nor gifted. 00:21:39.299 --> 00:21:42.619 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:21:42.619 --> 00:21:44.619 It is derived from the hadith 00:21:44.619 --> 00:21:48.420 that whoever stipulates an unlawful condition in a sale, 00:21:48.420 --> 00:21:50.420 the condition is void, 00:21:50.420 --> 00:21:54.420 while other conditions are subject to detailed rulings among the jurists. 00:21:54.420 --> 00:21:58.509 It also demonstrates the permissibility of rhymed prose if it is natural and unforced. 00:21:58.509 --> 00:22:01.509 It demonstrates the obligation of enjoining good 00:22:01.509 --> 00:22:03.509 and forbidding evil, 00:22:03.509 --> 00:22:06.509 as well as the obligation of clinging firmly to the Book and the Sunnah. 00:22:06.509 --> 00:22:12.690 Chapter: Demanding Repayment of Debts and Detaining the Debtor in the Mosque 00:22:12.690 --> 00:22:14.690 On the authority of Ka'b: 00:22:14.690 --> 00:22:18.009 He demanded repayment of a debt from Ibn Abi Hadrad 00:22:18.009 --> 00:22:21.009 that was owed to him, while in the mosque. 00:22:21.009 --> 00:22:23.009 Their voices rose 00:22:23.009 --> 00:22:25.009 until they were heard by a man— 00:22:26.009 --> 00:22:30.009 until the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, heard them 00:22:30.009 --> 00:22:32.009 while he was in his house. 00:22:32.009 --> 00:22:34.009 So he came out to them, 00:22:34.009 --> 00:22:37.009 lifting the curtain of his chamber, 00:22:37.009 --> 00:22:40.009 and called out: "O Ka'b!" 00:22:40.009 --> 00:22:43.009 He replied: "Here I am at your service, O Messenger of Allah." 00:22:43.009 --> 00:22:47.009 He said: "Remit this much of your debt," 00:22:47.009 --> 00:22:50.009 gesturing to him to indicate half. 00:22:50.009 --> 00:22:54.069 He said: "I have done so, O Messenger of Allah." 00:22:54.069 --> 00:22:57.740 He said: "Get up and pay him." 00:22:57.740 --> 00:23:01.450 Commentary on the hadith: 00:23:01.450 --> 00:23:03.450 Taqadi: 00:23:03.450 --> 00:23:06.450 Taqadi means demanding one's due from an adversary, 00:23:06.450 --> 00:23:08.509 whether a debt or otherwise. 00:23:08.509 --> 00:23:10.509 Sijf is a curtain; 00:23:10.509 --> 00:23:14.509 it is also said that every doorway draped with two joined curtains, 00:23:14.509 --> 00:23:17.799 each half of it is called a sijf. 00:23:17.799 --> 00:23:20.799 "Labbayk" means: "I respond to you 00:23:20.799 --> 00:23:23.859 and remain steadfast in your obedience." 00:23:24.859 --> 00:23:26.930 Meaning: he gestured to him. 00:23:26.930 --> 00:23:30.019 "Al-shatr" means: half. 00:23:30.019 --> 00:23:33.569 "Faqdih" means: pay his debt. 00:23:37.339 --> 00:23:39.339 It is derived from the hadith 00:23:39.339 --> 00:23:42.430 that acting upon an understood gesture is permissible. 00:23:42.430 --> 00:23:46.500 It also contains the recommendation of interceding with the rightful claimant, 00:23:46.500 --> 00:23:52.769 and the recommendation to accept intercession in matters that do not involve sin. 00:23:52.769 --> 00:23:54.769 Chapter: Sweeping the Mosque 00:23:54.769 --> 00:23:57.769 and Picking Up Scraps of Cloth, Dirt, and Twigs 00:23:57.769 --> 00:24:01.730 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him: 00:24:01.730 --> 00:24:04.730 A Black person—either a man or a woman— 00:24:04.730 --> 00:24:07.730 used to sweep the mosque. 00:24:07.730 --> 00:24:13.890 The person died, but the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was not informed of their death. 00:24:13.890 --> 00:24:16.890 One day he remembered the person and asked: 00:24:16.890 --> 00:24:19.890 "What happened to that person?" 00:24:19.890 --> 00:24:24.049 They replied: "They passed away, O Messenger of Allah." 00:24:24.049 --> 00:24:28.049 He said: "Why did you not notify me?" 00:24:28.049 --> 00:24:33.079 They explained the matter, saying such and such, 00:24:33.079 --> 00:24:36.180 as they had deemed the person of little consequence. 00:24:36.180 --> 00:24:40.240 He said: "Direct me to the grave." 00:24:40.240 --> 00:24:44.200 So he went to the grave and prayed over it. 00:24:44.200 --> 00:24:47.619 Commentary on the hadith: 00:24:47.619 --> 00:24:52.680 Chapter: Sweeping the Mosque and Picking Up Scraps of Cloth, Dirt, and Twigs 00:24:52.680 --> 00:24:54.680 Sweeping the mosque: 00:24:54.680 --> 00:24:57.680 meaning, removing refuse from it. 00:24:57.680 --> 00:25:02.680 Picking up means to come upon something without intentionally seeking it out. 00:25:02.680 --> 00:25:07.680 Dirt and twigs refer to pieces of wood, straw, and the like. 00:25:07.680 --> 00:25:11.869 "Yaqummu" means: he removes the refuse. 00:25:11.869 --> 00:25:16.869 "Did you not notify me?" Meaning: why did you not inform me of the death so I could offer the funeral prayer? 00:25:16.869 --> 00:25:18.940 "They deemed the person of little consequence": 00:25:18.940 --> 00:25:22.190 meaning, they belittled the person's status. 00:25:22.190 --> 00:25:24.190 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:25:24.190 --> 00:25:26.990 It is derived from the hadith 00:25:26.990 --> 00:25:29.990 an affirmation of the virtue of maintaining and serving the mosque. 00:25:29.990 --> 00:25:34.990 It provides guidance to check on companions and notice their absence. 00:25:34.990 --> 00:25:42.990 It highlights the desirability of praying for and showing mercy to whoever dedicates themselves to the service and benefit of Muslims. 00:25:42.990 --> 00:25:46.059 It indicates the recommendation of announcing a death. 00:25:46.059 --> 00:25:51.059 It also guides toward attending the funerals of the righteous. 00:25:51.059 --> 00:25:56.420 Chapter: Prohibition of the Sale of Wine in the Mosque 00:25:56.420 --> 00:25:59.029 On the authority of 'A'ishah, who said: 00:25:59.029 --> 00:26:04.029 When the verses regarding usury from Surah al-Baqarah were revealed, 00:26:04.029 --> 00:26:08.029 the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, went out to the mosque 00:26:08.029 --> 00:26:11.029 and recited them to the people. 00:26:11.029 --> 00:26:14.029 Then he prohibited the trade of wine. 00:26:14.029 --> 00:26:17.740 Commentary on the hadith: 00:26:17.740 --> 00:26:20.309 He prohibited the trade of wine: 00:26:20.309 --> 00:26:23.309 meaning, the buying and selling of wine. 00:26:23.309 --> 00:26:29.549 Chapter: Tying a Prisoner or a Debtor in the Mosque 00:26:29.549 --> 00:26:32.029 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, 00:26:32.029 --> 00:26:36.029 from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said: 00:26:36.029 --> 00:26:40.099 "An 'ifrit from among the jinn suddenly assaulted me last night," 00:26:40.099 --> 00:26:42.099 or a similar phrase, 00:26:42.099 --> 00:26:45.099 "to interrupt my prayer. 00:26:45.099 --> 00:26:47.130 But Allah gave me power over him, 00:26:47.130 --> 00:26:52.130 and I intended to tie him to one of the pillars of the mosque 00:26:52.130 --> 00:26:56.130 so that you all might see him in the morning. 00:26:56.130 --> 00:26:59.220 Then I remembered the supplication of my brother Sulayman." 00:26:59.220 --> 00:27:04.220 “He said: My Lord! Forgive me and bestow on me sovereignty such as shall not belong to any after me. Lo! Thou art the Bestower.” (38:35) 00:27:04.220 --> 00:27:07.289 So he turned him back frustrated. 00:27:07.289 --> 00:27:11.660 Commentary on the hadith: 00:27:11.660 --> 00:27:13.660 "An 'ifrit": 00:27:13.660 --> 00:27:17.759 An 'ifrit is a rebellious, wicked jinni. 00:27:17.759 --> 00:27:19.759 "Suddenly assaulted me": 00:27:19.759 --> 00:27:22.890 meaning, he confronted me unexpectedly last night. 00:27:22.890 --> 00:27:25.950 Meaning: the night just passed. 00:27:25.950 --> 00:27:27.950 "Allah gave me power over him": 00:27:27.950 --> 00:27:30.950 meaning, He strengthened me and granted me victory over him. 00:27:30.950 --> 00:27:33.079 "Sariyah": 00:27:33.079 --> 00:27:34.079 meaning, a pillar. 00:27:34.079 --> 00:27:36.140 "He turned him back frustrated": 00:27:36.140 --> 00:27:40.140 meaning, humiliated, abased, and driven away. 00:27:40.140 --> 00:27:44.299 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:27:44.299 --> 00:27:46.299 It is derived from the hadith 00:27:46.299 --> 00:27:48.299 an affirmation of the existence of the jinn 00:27:48.299 --> 00:27:51.299 and the possibility of human beings seeing them. 00:27:51.299 --> 00:27:54.299 The hadith indicates that the jinn are of various categories: 00:27:54.299 --> 00:27:57.299 among them is the rebellious 'ifrit, 00:27:57.299 --> 00:27:59.299 and among them are those lesser than that. 00:27:59.299 --> 00:28:03.299 It shows the permissibility of quoting from the Qur'an 00:28:03.299 --> 00:28:07.299 by citing an expression without intending it as formal recitation. 00:28:07.299 --> 00:28:11.299 It demonstrates the obligation of seeking refuge in Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, 00:28:11.299 --> 00:28:14.359 to protect oneself from the evils of the jinn. 00:28:14.359 --> 00:28:20.359 The hadith contains proof that the jinn do not permanently retain their original fiery form. 00:28:20.359 --> 00:28:22.460 It shows that the subjugation of the jinn 00:28:22.460 --> 00:28:26.460 was among the evidentiary signs of the prophethood of Sulayman, peace be upon him. 00:28:26.460 --> 00:28:32.460 It proves the permissibility of relating extraordinary experiences that happen to a person 00:28:32.460 --> 00:28:35.460 by way of reminder and admonition. 00:28:35.460 --> 00:28:39.460 It also indicates that minor movements do not invalidate the prayer.