WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:03.779 Riyadh al-Salihin 00:00:03.779 --> 00:00:06.780 From the words of the Master of the Messengers 00:00:06.780 --> 00:00:09.779 Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him 00:00:09.779 --> 00:00:15.980 Chapter on Truthfulness 00:00:15.980 --> 00:00:17.980 Allah the Almighty said 00:00:17.980 --> 00:00:24.070 “O ye who believe! Be careful of your duty to Allah, and be with the truthful.” (9:119) 00:00:24.070 --> 00:00:26.070 And He, the Almighty, said 00:00:26.070 --> 00:00:29.070 "And the truthful men and the truthful women" 00:00:29.070 --> 00:00:31.070 And He, the Almighty, said 00:00:31.070 --> 00:00:35.070 “Obedience and a civil word. Then, when the matter is determined, if they are loyal to Allah it will be well for them.” (47:21) 00:00:35.070 --> 00:00:39.479 On the authority of Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him 00:00:39.479 --> 00:00:43.509 On the authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said 00:00:43.509 --> 00:00:46.509 "Indeed, truthfulness leads to righteousness 00:00:46.509 --> 00:00:49.579 And righteousness leads to Paradise 00:00:49.579 --> 00:00:55.700 A man continues to speak the truth until he is recorded with Allah as a truthful person 00:00:55.700 --> 00:00:58.700 Indeed, lying leads to wickedness 00:00:58.700 --> 00:01:01.700 And wickedness leads to the Fire 00:01:01.700 --> 00:01:07.799 A man continues to lie until he is recorded with Allah as a liar" 00:01:07.799 --> 00:01:09.900 Agreed upon 00:01:09.900 --> 00:01:15.859 Righteousness is a comprehensive term for all good deeds 00:01:15.859 --> 00:01:18.859 "Leads to" means it guides and brings one to 00:01:18.859 --> 00:01:24.230 "Wickedness" means evil deeds 00:01:24.230 --> 00:01:26.230 From the benefits of the hadith 00:01:26.230 --> 00:01:31.390 Encouragement toward truthfulness, as it is the cause of all good 00:01:31.390 --> 00:01:34.390 Warning against lying and taking it lightly 00:01:34.390 --> 00:01:37.680 Because it is the cause of all evil 00:01:37.680 --> 00:01:40.680 Whoever pursues truthfulness, it becomes his natural disposition 00:01:40.680 --> 00:01:44.780 And whoever intends to lie, it becomes his character 00:01:44.780 --> 00:01:48.840 Whoever is known for something, it is correct to describe him by it 00:01:48.840 --> 00:01:52.840 Virtuous morals are acquired through practice and pursuit 00:01:52.840 --> 00:01:58.840 For the soul is influenced by engaging in the causes of good, and its nature changes 00:01:58.840 --> 00:02:00.840 And the opposite is likewise true 00:02:00.840 --> 00:02:05.969 The final abode of righteous deeds is in the Gardens of Bliss 00:02:05.969 --> 00:02:09.969 And the place for evil deeds is the Fire of Hell 00:02:09.969 --> 00:02:14.099 Truthfulness is in speech that conforms to reality 00:02:14.099 --> 00:02:18.099 And in action by performing it in the best possible way 00:02:18.099 --> 00:02:21.629 And on the authority of Abu Muhammad 00:02:21.629 --> 00:02:26.659 Al-Hasan Ibn 'Ali Ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said 00:02:26.659 --> 00:02:30.659 I memorized from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him 00:02:30.659 --> 00:02:34.659 "Leave what makes you doubt for what does not make you doubt 00:02:34.659 --> 00:02:38.789 For truthfulness is tranquility, and lying is doubt" 00:02:38.789 --> 00:02:40.860 Narrated by al-Tirmidhi 00:02:40.860 --> 00:02:44.139 His saying "makes you doubt" 00:02:44.139 --> 00:02:48.139 Means: leave what you are uncertain about regarding its permissibility 00:02:48.139 --> 00:02:51.139 And turn to what you have no doubt about 00:02:51.139 --> 00:02:54.520 From the benefits of the hadith 00:02:54.520 --> 00:02:59.740 It is part of piety to stop at doubtful and ambiguous matters 00:02:59.740 --> 00:03:04.740 For pure, lawful things do not cause doubt in the heart of a believer 00:03:04.740 --> 00:03:09.740 Whoever avoids doubtful matters has sought to protect his religion and his honor 00:03:09.740 --> 00:03:12.900 Scrupulousness in refraining from doubtful matters 00:03:12.900 --> 00:03:16.900 Is only appropriate for one whose conditions are upright 00:03:16.900 --> 00:03:19.900 And whose deeds are consistent in piety and fear of Allah 00:03:19.900 --> 00:03:22.900 As for one who refrains from all manifest prohibitions 00:03:22.900 --> 00:03:25.900 And is scrupulous about minute doubtful matters 00:03:25.900 --> 00:03:29.900 This is cold piety and excessive hesitation 00:03:29.900 --> 00:03:33.099 It is recommended to keep away from doubtful matters 00:03:33.099 --> 00:03:36.099 And to proceed with what is clearly lawful 00:03:36.099 --> 00:03:41.099 Because whoever avoids doubtful matters has sought to protect his religion and his honor 00:03:41.099 --> 00:03:45.259 Truthfulness instills tranquility in the heart of its possessor 00:03:45.259 --> 00:03:48.259 As well as courage and self-respect 00:03:48.259 --> 00:03:50.259 And the trust of people in him 00:03:50.259 --> 00:03:54.289 While lying instills doubt and hesitation in the heart of its possessor 00:03:54.289 --> 00:03:57.289 As well as fear, humiliation, disgrace, and insignificance 00:03:57.289 --> 00:04:00.289 And a lack of trust among people 00:04:00.289 --> 00:04:03.379 Returning to the heart when in doubt 00:04:03.379 --> 00:04:07.379 For that which the heart finds peace in and the chest feels open to 00:04:07.379 --> 00:04:09.379 Is righteousness and lawful 00:04:09.379 --> 00:04:11.379 And that which is contrary to that 00:04:11.379 --> 00:04:14.379 Is sin and unlawful 00:04:14.379 --> 00:04:20.339 On the authority of Abu Sufyan Sakhr Ibn Harb, may Allah be pleased with him 00:04:20.339 --> 00:04:24.339 In his long hadith regarding his story with Heraclius 00:04:24.339 --> 00:04:26.339 Heraclius said 00:04:26.339 --> 00:04:31.339 "What does he command you?" meaning the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him 00:04:31.339 --> 00:04:33.459 Abu Sufyan said 00:04:33.459 --> 00:04:34.459 I said 00:04:34.459 --> 00:04:36.459 He says 00:04:36.459 --> 00:04:40.459 "Worship Allah alone and do not associate anything with Him 00:04:40.459 --> 00:04:43.459 And abandon what your forefathers say 00:04:43.459 --> 00:04:48.459 And he commands us to pray, to be truthful, to be chaste, and to maintain ties of kinship" 00:04:48.459 --> 00:04:51.589 Agreed upon 00:04:51.589 --> 00:04:55.550 Heraclius was the King of Rome 00:04:55.550 --> 00:04:57.550 And his title was Caesar 00:04:57.550 --> 00:04:58.649 Chastity 00:04:58.649 --> 00:05:02.649 Means refraining from forbidden things and matters that undermine one's honor 00:05:02.649 --> 00:05:04.810 Maintaining ties 00:05:04.810 --> 00:05:05.810 Means maintaining ties of kinship 00:05:05.810 --> 00:05:08.810 And everything that Allah has commanded to be joined 00:05:08.810 --> 00:05:12.810 This is done through kindness, generosity, and good care 00:05:12.810 --> 00:05:16.290 "What your forefathers say" 00:05:16.290 --> 00:05:20.290 Means everything they were upon during the days of ignorance 00:05:20.290 --> 00:05:22.290 As for noble character 00:05:22.290 --> 00:05:27.290 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, came to perfect it 00:05:27.290 --> 00:05:29.610 The story of Heraclius 00:05:29.610 --> 00:05:35.610 Meaning his story when the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, wrote to him inviting him to Islam 00:05:35.610 --> 00:05:39.610 And that was in the sixth year of the Hijrah 00:05:39.610 --> 00:05:43.110 From the benefits of the hadith 00:05:43.110 --> 00:05:47.300 The Messenger's, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, adherence to truthfulness 00:05:47.300 --> 00:05:50.300 His fame for it, and his commanding it 00:05:50.300 --> 00:05:53.300 And the testimony of his enemies to that effect 00:05:53.300 --> 00:05:56.300 The foundation of this religion is Tawhid (monotheism) 00:05:56.300 --> 00:05:58.300 Because it is the source of all virtues 00:05:58.300 --> 00:06:03.399 All the messengers were sent to clarify the true Tawhid 00:06:03.399 --> 00:06:05.399 And to uproot and remove polytheism 00:06:05.399 --> 00:06:13.430 Allah, the Glorified, commands everything that benefits humanity and brings them good in this world and the Hereafter 00:06:13.430 --> 00:06:16.560 Discouragement from blind imitation of forefathers 00:06:16.560 --> 00:06:18.560 Or masters and leaders 00:06:18.560 --> 00:06:21.560 Especially in matters of religion 00:06:22.689 --> 00:06:26.689 The hadith indicates in its generality the comprehensiveness of the message of Islam 00:06:26.689 --> 00:06:31.689 For it mentioned Tawhid, faith, rulings, and morals 00:06:31.689 --> 00:06:34.689 And these are the pillars of the life of the servants 00:06:34.689 --> 00:06:38.449 On the authority of Abu Thabit 00:06:38.449 --> 00:06:40.449 And it is said Abu Sa'id 00:06:40.449 --> 00:06:43.449 And it is said Abu al-Walid Sahl Ibn Hunayf 00:06:43.449 --> 00:06:46.449 And he was a veteran of Badr, may Allah be pleased with him 00:06:46.449 --> 00:06:50.509 That the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said 00:06:50.509 --> 00:06:53.509 "Whoever asks Allah the Almighty for martyrdom sincerely 00:06:53.509 --> 00:06:56.509 Allah will grant him the ranks of the martyrs 00:06:56.509 --> 00:06:59.509 Even if he dies in his bed" 00:06:59.509 --> 00:07:02.579 Narrated by Muslim 00:07:02.579 --> 00:07:06.629 "Veteran of Badr" means he witnessed the Battle of Badr 00:07:06.629 --> 00:07:08.730 "Ranks of the martyrs" 00:07:08.730 --> 00:07:11.730 Meaning their degrees with Allah 00:07:11.730 --> 00:07:15.069 From the benefits of the hadith 00:07:15.069 --> 00:07:19.230 Sincerity of the heart is a cause for attaining one's goal 00:07:19.230 --> 00:07:22.230 And that whoever intends a righteous deed 00:07:22.230 --> 00:07:25.230 Is rewarded for it even if he is unable to perform it 00:07:25.230 --> 00:07:28.230 Or if he began it but did not complete it 00:07:28.230 --> 00:07:32.329 It is recommended to seek martyrdom and to be sincere in that 00:07:32.329 --> 00:07:35.329 For the servant attains its rank 00:07:35.329 --> 00:07:37.329 If he wishes for it sincerely 00:07:37.680 --> 00:07:39.680 The generosity of Allah toward this Ummah 00:07:39.680 --> 00:07:42.680 For He gives them, with little effort 00:07:42.680 --> 00:07:45.680 The highest degrees in Paradise 00:07:45.680 --> 00:07:48.060 Sincerity in martyrdom 00:07:48.060 --> 00:07:51.060 Is that it be for the sake of raising the word of Allah the Almighty 00:07:51.060 --> 00:07:53.060 And attaining His pleasure 00:07:53.060 --> 00:07:55.060 Not for any other purpose 00:07:55.060 --> 00:08:00.310 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said 00:08:00.310 --> 00:08:04.310 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said 00:08:04.310 --> 00:08:06.310 "A prophet from among the prophets— 00:08:06.310 --> 00:08:10.310 May the prayers and peace of Allah be upon them— 00:08:10.310 --> 00:08:12.379 Said to his people 00:08:12.379 --> 00:08:15.379 'No man who has married a woman 00:08:15.379 --> 00:08:18.379 And wishes to consummate the marriage with her 00:08:18.379 --> 00:08:20.379 But has not yet done so, should follow me 00:08:20.379 --> 00:08:24.569 Nor anyone who has built houses but has not raised their roofs 00:08:24.569 --> 00:08:28.569 Nor anyone who has bought sheep or pregnant camels 00:08:28.569 --> 00:08:30.569 And is waiting for their offspring, should follow me' 00:08:30.569 --> 00:08:32.730 So he went on a military expedition 00:08:32.730 --> 00:08:35.730 And when he approached the village at the time of the Asr prayer 00:08:35.730 --> 00:08:37.730 Or near that time 00:08:37.730 --> 00:08:39.730 He said to the sun 00:08:39.730 --> 00:08:42.730 'You are commanded, and I am commanded 00:08:42.730 --> 00:08:45.730 O Allah, hold it back for us' 00:08:45.730 --> 00:08:48.730 So it was held back until Allah granted him victory 00:08:48.730 --> 00:08:50.730 Then he gathered the spoils 00:08:50.730 --> 00:08:52.730 And the fire came—meaning the fire— 00:08:52.730 --> 00:08:54.730 To consume them 00:08:54.730 --> 00:08:56.730 But it did not consume them 00:08:56.730 --> 00:08:59.730 So he said, 'There is embezzlement among you 00:08:59.730 --> 00:09:03.730 So let one man from every tribe pledge allegiance to me' 00:09:03.730 --> 00:09:06.730 Then the hand of a man stuck to his hand 00:09:06.730 --> 00:09:09.730 He said, 'The embezzlement is among you 00:09:09.730 --> 00:09:12.730 So let your tribe pledge allegiance to me' 00:09:12.730 --> 00:09:16.820 Then the hands of two or three men stuck to his hand 00:09:16.820 --> 00:09:19.820 He said, 'The embezzlement is among you' 00:09:19.820 --> 00:09:24.820 So they brought a head like the head of a cow made of gold 00:09:24.820 --> 00:09:25.820 And he placed it 00:09:25.820 --> 00:09:28.820 Then the fire came and consumed it 00:09:28.820 --> 00:09:32.860 Spoils were not lawful for anyone before us 00:09:32.860 --> 00:09:35.860 Then Allah made the spoils lawful for us 00:09:35.860 --> 00:09:38.860 When He saw our weakness and inability 00:09:38.860 --> 00:09:40.860 He made them lawful for us" 00:09:40.860 --> 00:09:42.860 Agreed upon 00:09:42.860 --> 00:09:44.139 And "pregnant camels" 00:09:44.139 --> 00:09:46.139 Is the plural of "khalfah" 00:09:46.139 --> 00:09:48.139 Which is a pregnant she-camel 00:09:48.139 --> 00:09:50.740 "A prophet" 00:09:50.740 --> 00:09:52.740 Is Yusha' Ibn Nun (Joshua) 00:09:52.740 --> 00:09:55.740 According to the saying of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him 00:09:55.740 --> 00:09:57.740 In the authentic hadith 00:09:57.740 --> 00:10:00.740 "The sun was not held back for any human 00:10:00.740 --> 00:10:02.740 Except for Yusha' 00:10:02.740 --> 00:10:05.740 On the nights he marched to Jerusalem" 00:10:05.740 --> 00:10:06.870 "Consummate" 00:10:06.870 --> 00:10:10.870 Refers to the private parts, marriage, and intercourse 00:10:10.870 --> 00:10:11.970 "Consummate the marriage with her" 00:10:11.970 --> 00:10:13.970 Meaning to have intercourse with her 00:10:13.970 --> 00:10:16.159 "Did not consume them" 00:10:16.159 --> 00:10:19.159 Meaning it did not taste them 00:10:19.159 --> 00:10:20.159 "Embezzlement" 00:10:20.159 --> 00:10:23.159 Is treachery regarding the spoils of war 00:10:23.159 --> 00:10:26.149 From the benefits of the hadith 00:10:26.149 --> 00:10:31.379 Worldly desires call the soul to panic and the love of remaining 00:10:31.379 --> 00:10:37.379 That is why Yusha' forbade his people from following him in any of these states 00:10:37.379 --> 00:10:42.379 Because those who possess them have their souls attached to these worldly causes 00:10:42.379 --> 00:10:44.379 So their resolve weakens 00:10:44.379 --> 00:10:48.379 And their desire for Jihad and martyrdom wanes 00:10:48.379 --> 00:10:52.539 Important matters should not have their policy entrusted 00:10:52.539 --> 00:10:55.539 Except to someone resolute and free of distraction 00:10:55.539 --> 00:10:57.539 This is why the Prophet’s intention was 00:10:57.539 --> 00:11:00.539 to free them from distractions and worldly preoccupations, 00:11:00.539 --> 00:11:05.539 so that they might devote themselves to jihad with sincere intention and firm resolve. 00:11:05.539 --> 00:11:09.759 It is necessary to provide for the needs of the mujahidin in worldly matters, 00:11:09.759 --> 00:11:12.980 so that they may dedicate themselves to jihad with sincerity. 00:11:12.980 --> 00:11:18.210 The establishment of miracles for the prophets, peace and blessings be upon them. 00:11:18.210 --> 00:11:23.210 One of the signs of the acceptance of war spoils, and the absence of misappropriation (ghulul) within them, 00:11:23.210 --> 00:11:26.210 was that a fire would descend from the sky and consume them. 00:11:26.210 --> 00:11:28.210 This was the case in the past, 00:11:28.210 --> 00:11:30.210 but in Islam, 00:11:30.210 --> 00:11:36.210 Allah the Exalted permitted the spoils of war for the Ummah of Muhammad, peace be upon him. 00:11:36.210 --> 00:11:41.210 This was one of his specific characteristics, peace be upon him. 00:11:41.210 --> 00:11:44.370 Allah has veiled this Ummah and shown it mercy, 00:11:44.370 --> 00:11:47.370 unlike previous nations, 00:11:47.370 --> 00:11:50.370 for whoever committed misappropriation or disobedience among them, 00:11:50.370 --> 00:11:52.529 Allah would expose him. 00:11:52.529 --> 00:11:55.529 The punishment of the community for the actions of its foolish ones. 00:11:55.529 --> 00:11:58.529 Therefore, it was among the supplications of the believers: 00:11:58.529 --> 00:12:03.529 "And do not hold us accountable for what the foolish among us have done." 00:12:03.529 --> 00:12:09.649 On the authority of Abu Khalid Hakim Ibn Hizam, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:12:09.649 --> 00:12:13.649 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 00:12:13.649 --> 00:12:17.649 "The two parties to a transaction have the option (to rescind) as long as they have not separated." 00:12:17.649 --> 00:12:20.649 "If they are truthful and disclose (the defects)," 00:12:20.649 --> 00:12:23.649 "their transaction will be blessed." 00:12:23.649 --> 00:12:25.649 "But if they conceal and lie," 00:12:25.649 --> 00:12:28.649 "the blessing of their transaction will be wiped out." 00:12:28.649 --> 00:12:30.649 Agreed upon. 00:12:30.649 --> 00:12:36.250 "The two parties to a transaction," meaning the seller and the buyer. 00:12:36.250 --> 00:12:38.340 "Have the option," 00:12:38.340 --> 00:12:40.340 a noun derived from choosing and having the right to choose, 00:12:40.340 --> 00:12:44.340 which is the request for the better of two options: rescinding or finalizing the contract. 00:12:44.340 --> 00:12:47.340 This is what is called the "option of the session" (khiyar al-majlis). 00:12:47.340 --> 00:12:49.440 "If they are truthful," 00:12:49.440 --> 00:12:51.440 meaning in what they inform each other of, 00:12:51.440 --> 00:12:53.440 the seller regarding the item being sold, 00:12:53.440 --> 00:12:55.440 and the buyer regarding the price. 00:12:55.440 --> 00:12:57.789 "And disclose," 00:12:57.789 --> 00:12:59.789 meaning the seller and the buyer make clear 00:12:59.789 --> 00:13:01.789 what is in the item being sold and the price, 00:13:01.789 --> 00:13:03.789 such as defects and the like. 00:13:03.789 --> 00:13:06.049 "Their transaction will be blessed," 00:13:06.049 --> 00:13:08.049 meaning in their buying and selling, 00:13:08.049 --> 00:13:11.049 which occurs through an abundance of goodness and blessing, 00:13:11.049 --> 00:13:15.049 and the facilitation of means leading to increased profit. 00:13:15.049 --> 00:13:17.080 "If they conceal," 00:13:17.080 --> 00:13:21.080 meaning if they hide the defects in the goods or the price. 00:13:21.080 --> 00:13:23.429 "The blessing of their transaction will be wiped out," 00:13:23.429 --> 00:13:25.429 meaning it will be removed, 00:13:25.429 --> 00:13:29.429 and they will gain nothing but mere exhaustion. 00:13:29.429 --> 00:13:33.360 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:13:33.360 --> 00:13:37.620 The establishment of the "option of the session" for those engaged in a transaction. 00:13:37.620 --> 00:13:41.620 The obligation to disclose defects in goods and the prohibition of concealing them. 00:13:41.620 --> 00:13:43.620 If a defect appears, 00:13:43.620 --> 00:13:46.620 one has the option to rescind the sale. 00:13:46.620 --> 00:13:49.809 What is with Allah cannot be attained 00:13:49.809 --> 00:13:51.809 except through righteous deeds. 00:13:51.809 --> 00:13:54.899 The ill-omen of sins upon those who commit them, 00:13:54.899 --> 00:13:58.899 for they cause the loss of the good of this world and the Hereafter. 00:13:58.899 --> 00:14:02.220 Truthfulness in trade is a lofty requirement, 00:14:02.220 --> 00:14:05.220 which only those with great fortune can maintain. 00:14:05.220 --> 00:14:08.220 It is the source of blessing and growth. 00:14:08.220 --> 00:14:11.929 Riyad al-Salihin.