WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.580 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:14.009 --> 00:00:15.970 Surah al-Naml. 00:00:18.519 --> 00:00:22.239 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:22.239 --> 00:00:26.079 Ta-Sin. 00:00:26.079 --> 00:00:32.159 “Ta. Sin. These are revelations of the Qur'an and a Scripture that maketh plain;” (27:1) 00:00:32.320 --> 00:00:36.520 Guidance and glad tidings for the believers. 00:00:36.520 --> 00:00:41.000 Who establish prayer and give zakat. 00:00:41.000 --> 00:00:45.200 And who are certain of the Hereafter. 00:00:46.700 --> 00:00:47.820 Ta-Sin. 00:00:48.179 --> 00:00:53.380 We have previously explained the meaning of the disjointed letters at the beginning of the surahs. 00:00:53.859 --> 00:00:56.979 It has been narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) 00:00:57.299 --> 00:00:59.299 that the phrase "Ta-Sin" 00:00:59.579 --> 00:01:01.299 is an oath by which Allah swears. 00:01:01.460 --> 00:01:03.460 Others say it is one of the names of Allah. 00:01:03.460 --> 00:01:05.459 According to this view, the obligation 00:01:05.459 --> 00:01:07.459 is that its meaning 00:01:07.459 --> 00:01:09.459 is "The All-Hearing, the Subtle." 00:01:09.459 --> 00:01:15.599 These verses that I have revealed to you, O Muhammad, are verses of the Qur'an. 00:01:15.599 --> 00:01:20.640 They are verses of a Book that makes clear to those who contemplate it that it is from Allah. 00:01:20.640 --> 00:01:25.200 These are the verses of the Qur'an, guidance and glad tidings for those who believe in it, 00:01:25.200 --> 00:01:28.760 and who establish the obligatory prayer with its proper requirements, 00:01:28.959 --> 00:01:31.680 and who pay the obligatory zakat. 00:01:31.680 --> 00:01:33.680 It has also been said that its meaning is 00:01:33.680 --> 00:01:37.000 that they purify their bodies from the filth of sins. 00:01:37.000 --> 00:01:41.480 And they are certain of the return to Allah after death. 00:01:41.480 --> 00:01:43.959 Thus, they humble themselves in obedience to Allah, 00:01:43.959 --> 00:01:47.159 hoping for His reward and fearing His punishment. 00:02:00.269 --> 00:02:03.269 They will have the worst of punishments. 00:02:03.269 --> 00:02:07.269 “Those are they for whom is the worst of punishment, and in the Hereafter they will be the greatest losers.” (27:5) 00:02:07.269 --> 00:02:11.270 Those who do not believe in the Hereafter, 00:02:11.270 --> 00:02:15.039 We have made their evil deeds seem pleasing to them, 00:02:15.039 --> 00:02:18.039 and We have made that easy for them. 00:02:18.039 --> 00:02:22.039 So they wander blindly in their deeds, bewildered. 00:02:22.039 --> 00:02:25.039 They think they are doing good. 00:02:25.039 --> 00:02:28.039 These brothers are dealing [with matters], 00:02:28.080 --> 00:02:31.080 and they think they are doing good. 00:02:31.080 --> 00:02:34.080 These are the ones who do not believe in the Hereafter; 00:02:34.080 --> 00:02:37.080 they will have the worst of punishments in this world, 00:02:37.080 --> 00:02:41.080 and they are the ones among the polytheists of Quraysh who were killed at Badr. 00:02:41.080 --> 00:02:45.080 On the Day of Resurrection, they will be the greatest losers in their trade, 00:02:45.080 --> 00:02:48.939 by having exchanged guidance for misguidance. 00:02:48.979 --> 00:02:56.560 Indeed, you receive the Qur'an from One who is Wise and All-Knowing. 00:02:56.560 --> 00:03:00.560 Indeed, O Muhammad, you are receiving and learning the Qur'an 00:03:00.560 --> 00:03:03.560 from One who is Wise in the management of His creation, 00:03:03.560 --> 00:03:08.139 and All-Knowing of the affairs of His creation and their interests. 00:03:08.139 --> 00:03:11.139 “(Remember) when Moses said unto his household: Lo! I spy afar off a fire; I will bring you tidings thence, or bring to you a borrowed flame that ye may warm yourselves.” (27:7) 00:03:11.139 --> 00:03:15.139 "I have perceived a fire." 00:03:15.139 --> 00:03:18.139 "I will bring you news from it." 00:03:18.180 --> 00:03:23.180 “(Remember) when Moses said unto his household: Lo! I spy afar off a fire; I will bring you tidings thence, or bring to you a borrowed flame that ye may warm yourselves.” (27:7) 00:03:23.180 --> 00:03:27.180 "That you may warm yourselves." 00:03:27.180 --> 00:03:30.879 This was when Moses (peace be upon him) said to his family, 00:03:30.879 --> 00:03:33.879 while he was on his journey from Madyan to Egypt, 00:03:33.879 --> 00:03:36.879 and the cold of the night had troubled them: 00:03:36.879 --> 00:03:39.879 "I have perceived a fire." 00:03:39.879 --> 00:03:42.879 "So stay where you are." 00:03:42.879 --> 00:03:45.879 "I will bring you news from the fire," 00:03:45.879 --> 00:03:48.879 "or I will bring you a burning brand," 00:03:48.879 --> 00:03:52.969 "so that you may warm yourselves by it." 00:03:52.969 --> 00:03:55.969 But when he came to it, 00:03:55.969 --> 00:03:58.969 he was called: "Blessed is whoever is in the fire," 00:03:58.969 --> 00:04:01.969 he was called: "Blessed is whoever is in the fire," 00:04:01.969 --> 00:04:04.969 "and whoever is around it." 00:04:04.969 --> 00:04:07.969 “But when he reached it, he was called, saying: Blessed is Whosoever is in the fire and Whosoever is round about it! And Glorified be Allah, the Lord of the Worlds!” (27:8) 00:04:07.969 --> 00:04:12.310 When Moses came to the fire 00:04:12.310 --> 00:04:15.310 that he had perceived, 00:04:15.310 --> 00:04:18.310 he was called: "Blessed is whoever is in the fire." 00:04:18.310 --> 00:04:21.310 By this, He meant Himself. 00:04:21.310 --> 00:04:24.310 The fire was light. 00:04:24.310 --> 00:04:27.310 Others said: "The fire is blessed." 00:04:27.310 --> 00:04:30.310 The exegetes differed regarding the meaning of the "fire." 00:04:30.310 --> 00:04:33.310 It was said it means "light." 00:04:33.310 --> 00:04:36.310 And it was said it means "fire." 00:04:36.310 --> 00:04:39.310 As for "whoever is around the fire," 00:04:39.310 --> 00:04:42.310 it was said to refer to the angels. 00:04:42.310 --> 00:04:45.310 [Exalted is] Allah, the Lord of the worlds, 00:04:45.310 --> 00:04:49.050 above what the wrongdoers describe Him with. 00:04:49.050 --> 00:04:52.050 “O Moses! Lo! it is I, Allah, the Mighty, the Wise.” (27:9) 00:04:52.050 --> 00:04:55.050 The Exalted in Might, the Wise. 00:04:55.050 --> 00:04:58.050 "And throw down your staff." 00:04:58.050 --> 00:05:01.050 But when he saw it 00:05:01.050 --> 00:05:04.050 writhing as if it were a snake, 00:05:04.050 --> 00:05:07.370 he did not [turn back], 00:05:07.370 --> 00:05:10.370 and he did not turn to flee. 00:05:10.370 --> 00:05:13.370 “And throw down thy staff! But when he saw it writhing as it were a demon, he turned to flee headlong; (but it was said unto him): O Moses! Fear not! the emissaries fear not in My presence,” (27:10) 00:05:13.370 --> 00:05:16.370 “And throw down thy staff! But when he saw it writhing as it were a demon, he turned to flee headlong; (but it was said unto him): O Moses! Fear not! the emissaries fear not in My presence,” (27:10) 00:05:16.370 --> 00:05:19.370 The messengers. 00:05:19.370 --> 00:05:22.370 “Save him who hath done wrong and afterward hath changed evil for good. And lo! I am Forgiving, Merciful.” (27:11) 00:05:22.370 --> 00:05:25.370 Good after evil. 00:05:25.370 --> 00:05:28.370 Indeed, I am Forgiving, Merciful. 00:05:28.370 --> 00:05:32.329 "O Moses," 00:05:32.329 --> 00:05:35.329 "it is I, Allah, the Exalted in Might in My retribution" 00:05:35.329 --> 00:05:38.329 "against My enemies, the Wise in My decree." 00:05:39.329 --> 00:05:42.329 "And throw down your staff." 00:05:42.329 --> 00:05:45.329 So he threw it down, and it became a snake writhing. 00:05:45.329 --> 00:05:48.329 When he saw it writhing as if it were a great snake, 00:05:48.329 --> 00:05:51.329 Moses did not flee, 00:05:51.329 --> 00:05:54.329 out of fear of it, and he did not turn back. 00:05:54.329 --> 00:05:57.329 Then his Lord called to him: "O Moses," 00:05:57.329 --> 00:06:00.329 "do not fear this snake." 00:06:00.329 --> 00:06:03.329 "Indeed, My messengers and prophets do not fear in My presence," 00:06:03.329 --> 00:06:06.329 "those whom I have chosen for prophethood." 00:06:06.329 --> 00:06:09.329 "But if one acts contrary to what he was permitted," 00:06:09.329 --> 00:06:12.329 "in his actions, then whoever commits" 00:06:12.329 --> 00:06:15.329 "a wrong, then repents after that wrong," 00:06:15.329 --> 00:06:18.329 "then I am covering his sin with My pardon," 00:06:18.329 --> 00:06:21.329 "and I am Merciful to him, so I will not punish him," 00:06:21.329 --> 00:06:25.579 "after he has replaced the good with its opposite." 00:06:25.579 --> 00:06:28.579 “And put thy hand into the bosom of thy robe, it will come forth white but unhurt. (This will be one) among nine tokens unto Pharaoh and his people Lo! they were ever evil-living folk.” (27:12) 00:06:28.579 --> 00:06:31.579 "It will come out white, without disease." 00:06:31.579 --> 00:06:34.579 "Among nine signs" 00:06:34.579 --> 00:06:37.579 "to Pharaoh and his people." 00:06:37.579 --> 00:06:40.579 "Indeed, they were a people defiantly disobedient." 00:06:40.579 --> 00:06:43.990 “And put thy hand into the bosom of thy robe, it will come forth white but unhurt. (This will be one) among nine tokens unto Pharaoh and his people Lo! they were ever evil-living folk.” (27:12) 00:06:43.990 --> 00:06:46.990 The hand comes out white, 00:06:46.990 --> 00:06:49.990 without the color of Moses, and without leprosy. 00:06:49.990 --> 00:06:52.990 It is one sign among nine signs 00:06:52.990 --> 00:06:55.990 with which you are sent to Pharaoh. 00:06:55.990 --> 00:06:58.990 Indeed, Pharaoh and his people, the Copts, 00:06:58.990 --> 00:07:01.990 were a people who disbelieved in Allah. 00:07:01.990 --> 00:07:04.990 The nine signs are the staff, the hand, 00:07:04.990 --> 00:07:07.990 the locusts, the lice, the frogs, 00:07:07.990 --> 00:07:10.990 the flood, the blood, the stones, 00:07:10.990 --> 00:07:13.990 and the blight that afflicted the family of Pharaoh 00:07:13.990 --> 00:07:18.079 in their wealth. 00:07:18.079 --> 00:07:21.079 But when Our signs came to them, 00:07:21.079 --> 00:07:24.079 visible and clear, they said: 00:07:24.079 --> 00:07:27.079 "This is clear magic." 00:07:27.079 --> 00:07:30.079 And they rejected them, while their souls were certain of them, 00:07:30.079 --> 00:07:34.079 out of injustice and arrogance. 00:07:34.079 --> 00:07:37.079 So see how was 00:07:37.079 --> 00:07:40.079 the end of the corrupters. 00:07:40.079 --> 00:07:44.170 When there came to Pharaoh 00:07:44.170 --> 00:07:47.170 Our proofs and arguments, 00:07:47.170 --> 00:07:50.170 which make clear to whoever looks at them and sees them as the truth, 00:07:50.170 --> 00:07:53.199 Pharaoh and his people said: 00:07:53.199 --> 00:07:56.199 "This which Moses has brought to us" 00:07:56.199 --> 00:07:59.259 "is magic that is clear to those who see it as magic." 00:07:59.259 --> 00:08:02.259 They denied the nine signs as being 00:08:02.259 --> 00:08:05.259 from Allah, even though their hearts were certain of them. 00:08:05.259 --> 00:08:08.259 They acted out of hostility and arrogance. 00:08:08.259 --> 00:08:11.259 So look, O Muhammad, with the eye of your heart, 00:08:11.259 --> 00:08:14.259 how was the end of the denial of those 00:08:14.259 --> 00:08:17.259 who rejected Our signs, 00:08:17.259 --> 00:08:20.389 and what befell them because of their corruption in the land. 00:08:20.389 --> 00:08:23.389 And likewise, O Muhammad, is My way 00:08:23.389 --> 00:08:26.389 with those who deny what you have brought them. 00:08:27.389 --> 00:08:31.990 And We gave David 00:08:31.990 --> 00:08:34.990 and Solomon knowledge. 00:08:34.990 --> 00:08:37.990 And they said: "Praise to Allah, who" 00:08:37.990 --> 00:08:40.990 "has favored us over many" 00:08:40.990 --> 00:08:44.600 "of His believing servants." 00:08:44.600 --> 00:08:47.600 “And We verily gave knowledge unto David and Solomon, and they said: Praise be to Allah, Who hath preferred us above many of His believing slaves!” (27:15) 00:08:47.600 --> 00:08:50.600 Knowledge of the speech of birds and beasts, 00:08:50.600 --> 00:08:53.600 and other things that Allah singled them out to know. 00:08:53.600 --> 00:08:56.700 And David and Solomon said: 00:08:56.700 --> 00:08:59.700 “And We verily gave knowledge unto David and Solomon, and they said: Praise be to Allah, Who hath preferred us above many of His believing slaves!” (27:15) 00:08:59.700 --> 00:09:02.700 "Because of what He has singled us out with of knowledge," 00:09:02.700 --> 00:09:05.700 "above the rest of His creation from the children of Adam," 00:09:05.700 --> 00:09:08.700 "in this time of ours." 00:09:08.700 --> 00:09:12.529 “And We verily gave knowledge unto David and Solomon, and they said: Praise be to Allah, Who hath preferred us above many of His believing slaves!” (27:15) 00:09:12.529 --> 00:09:15.529 And Solomon inherited David. 00:09:15.529 --> 00:09:18.529 “And Solomon was David's heir. And he said: O mankind! Lo! we have been taught the language of birds, and have been given (abundance) of all things. This surely is evident favour.” (27:16) 00:09:18.529 --> 00:09:21.529 "We have been taught the language of birds." 00:09:21.529 --> 00:09:24.529 “And Solomon was David's heir. And he said: O mankind! Lo! we have been taught the language of birds, and have been given (abundance) of all things. This surely is evident favour.” (27:16) 00:09:24.529 --> 00:09:27.529 "Indeed, this is the clear favor." 00:09:31.580 --> 00:09:34.580 Solomon inherited from his father, David, 00:09:34.580 --> 00:09:37.580 the knowledge that Allah had given him during his life, 00:09:37.580 --> 00:09:40.580 and the kingdom that He had singled him out with 00:09:40.580 --> 00:09:43.580 over the rest of his people. 00:09:43.580 --> 00:09:46.580 And Solomon said to his people: 00:09:46.580 --> 00:09:49.580 "O people, we have been taught the speech of birds," 00:09:49.580 --> 00:09:52.580 "and we have been given and bestowed with everything." 00:09:52.580 --> 00:09:55.580 "Indeed, this which we have been given of blessings" 00:09:55.580 --> 00:09:58.580 "is the favor over all the people of our time," 00:09:58.580 --> 00:10:01.580 "which makes clear to whoever contemplates it" 00:10:01.580 --> 00:10:04.580 "and reflects upon it that it is a favor we were given" 00:10:04.580 --> 00:10:08.830 "over those other than us among the people." 00:10:08.830 --> 00:10:11.830 And there were gathered for Solomon his soldiers, 00:10:11.830 --> 00:10:14.830 “And there were gathered together unto Solomon his armies of the jinn and humankind, and of the birds, and they were set in battle order;” (27:17) 00:10:14.830 --> 00:10:18.629 and they were kept in check. 00:10:18.629 --> 00:10:21.629 His soldiers were gathered for Solomon 00:10:21.629 --> 00:10:24.629 during a journey of theirs, 00:10:24.629 --> 00:10:27.629 and the first of them were held back for the last of them. 00:10:27.629 --> 00:10:31.529 “Till, when they reached the Valley of the Ants, an ant exclaimed: O ants! Enter your dwellings lest Solomon and his armies crush you, unperceiving.” (27:18) 00:10:31.529 --> 00:10:34.529 The valley of the ants, she said: 00:10:34.529 --> 00:10:37.529 “Till, when they reached the Valley of the Ants, an ant exclaimed: O ants! Enter your dwellings lest Solomon and his armies crush you, unperceiving.” (27:18) 00:10:37.529 --> 00:10:40.529 An ant said: 00:10:40.529 --> 00:10:43.529 "O ants," 00:10:43.529 --> 00:10:46.529 "enter your dwellings," 00:10:46.529 --> 00:10:49.529 "lest Solomon crush you," 00:10:49.529 --> 00:10:56.529 “Till, when they reached the Valley of the Ants, an ant exclaimed: O ants! Enter your dwellings lest Solomon and his armies crush you, unperceiving.” (27:18) 00:10:56.529 --> 00:11:02.519 until when Solomon and his soldiers came to the valley of the ants, 00:11:02.519 --> 00:11:07.519 an ant said: "O ants, enter your dwellings," 00:11:07.519 --> 00:11:11.519 "lest Solomon and his soldiers break and kill you," 00:11:11.519 --> 00:11:16.379 "while they do not perceive that they are crushing you." 00:11:16.379 --> 00:11:29.379 “And (Solomon) smiled, laughing at her speech, and said: My Lord, arouse me to be thankful for Thy favour wherewith Thou hast favoured me and my parents, and to do good that shall be pleasing unto Thee, and include me in (the number of) Thy righteous slaves.” (27:19) 00:11:29.379 --> 00:11:40.379 "Which You have bestowed upon me and upon my parents, and that I do righteousness that You approve." 00:11:40.379 --> 00:11:45.379 “And (Solomon) smiled, laughing at her speech, and said: My Lord, arouse me to be thankful for Thy favour wherewith Thou hast favoured me and my parents, and to do good that shall be pleasing unto Thee, and include me in (the number of) Thy righteous slaves.” (27:19) 00:11:47.019 --> 00:11:51.019 Solomon smiled, laughing at the speech of the ant, 00:11:51.019 --> 00:11:57.019 and said: "My Lord, inspire me to be grateful for Your favor which You have bestowed upon me," 00:11:57.019 --> 00:12:01.019 "and enable me to do righteousness that You approve," 00:12:01.019 --> 00:12:07.789 "and admit me by Your mercy into [the company of] Your righteous servants whom You have chosen for Your message." 00:12:07.789 --> 00:12:16.789 “And he sought among the birds and said: How is it that I see not the hoopoe, or is he among the absent?” (27:20) 00:12:16.789 --> 00:12:32.789 “I verily will punish him with hard punishment or I verily will slay him, or he verily shall bring me a plain excuse.” (27:21) 00:12:32.789 --> 00:12:39.820 Solomon inspected the birds and said: "Why do I not see the hoopoe?" 00:12:39.820 --> 00:12:43.820 The reason for his asking specifically about the hoopoe 00:12:43.820 --> 00:12:48.820 was either to inquire about the distance of water in the valley where he had landed, 00:12:48.820 --> 00:12:52.820 or because of his failure to perform the duty he was assigned. 00:12:52.820 --> 00:13:00.820 So Solomon said: "Why do I not see the hoopoe? Has my sight missed him so I do not see him, though he is present?" 00:13:00.820 --> 00:13:06.940 "Or is he absent among those who are absent from the rest of the kinds of creation, so he is not present?" 00:13:06.940 --> 00:13:10.940 When Solomon was informed that the hoopoe was absent, 00:13:10.940 --> 00:13:18.940 he swore that he would punish him with a severe punishment—and the punishment of birds was to pluck their feathers— 00:13:18.940 --> 00:13:25.940 "or I will kill him, or he must bring me a clear argument whose truth and reality is evident to the listener." 00:13:25.940 --> 00:13:37.620 “But he was not long in coming, and he said: I have found out (a thing) that thou apprehendest not, and I come unto thee from Sheba with sure tidings.” (27:22) 00:13:37.620 --> 00:13:43.620 "And I have come to you from Sheba with certain news." 00:13:43.620 --> 00:13:49.450 Solomon did not wait long before the hoopoe came, 00:13:49.450 --> 00:13:55.450 and he said: "I have encompassed knowledge of what you have not encompassed, O Solomon," 00:13:55.450 --> 00:13:58.450 "and I have come to you from Sheba with certain news." 00:13:58.450 --> 00:14:14.500 "Indeed, I found a woman ruling them, and she has been given of all things, and she has a great throne." 00:14:14.500 --> 00:14:23.299 "Indeed, I found a woman ruling Sheba, and she has been given of all things that a ruler is given in the immediate life of this world," 00:14:23.299 --> 00:14:34.299 "of the equipment and tools they possess, and she has a great throne in its value and importance, not its greatness in size and breadth." 00:14:34.299 --> 00:14:52.620 “I found her and her people worshipping the sun instead of Allah; and Satan maketh their works fairseeming unto them, and debarreth them from the way (of Truth), so that they go not aright;” (27:24) 00:14:52.620 --> 00:15:01.379 This woman, the Queen of Sheba, and her people were found prostrating to the sun, worshipping it instead of Allah. 00:15:01.379 --> 00:15:07.379 Iblis had made their worship of the sun and their prostration to it appear pleasing to them, apart from Allah. 00:15:07.379 --> 00:15:12.379 By thus beautifying their actions, he prevented them from following the straight path. 00:15:12.379 --> 00:15:20.379 Because Satan had adorned their deeds for them, they were unable to find the way of truth or walk upon it. 00:15:20.379 --> 00:15:24.379 Instead, they remained wandering in their misguidance. 00:15:24.379 --> 00:15:39.120 “So that they worship not Allah, Who bringeth forth the hidden in the heavens and the earth, and knoweth what ye hide and what ye proclaim,” (27:25) 00:15:39.120 --> 00:15:47.730 Satan made their deeds seem fair to them so that they would not prostrate to Allah, who brings forth what is hidden in the heavens and the earth. 00:15:48.730 --> 00:15:55.730 This includes the rain from the sky, the vegetation from the earth, and the like, for He knows the secrets of His creation. 00:16:04.850 --> 00:16:14.580 Allah is the One to whom alone worship is due, the Lord of the Mighty Throne, compared to which every other throne, no matter how great, is insignificant.