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A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah.

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The relationship between love, fear, and hope.

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Since love is the foundation of worship and the source of all actions of the heart,

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the actions of the heart are intrinsically linked to it.

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Among these are fear and hope.

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If fear and hope are to the life of the heart like the two wings of a bird,

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then love is the head of that bird.

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The heart must journey toward Allah through love, fear, and hope,

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just as a bird flies with its head and its two wings.

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If its head is severed, it dies.

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If its wings, or even one of them, are broken, it cannot fly.

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It becomes vulnerable to every hunter and predator.

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The heart is the same.

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If it loses fear and hope,

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it is cut off from reaching Allah and becomes exposed to the traps of Satan and base desires.

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As for the claim that worship is based on love alone,

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this is one of the deviations of the Sufis, as we have previously noted.

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A lover cannot be anything but fearful and hopeful.

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According to the degree and strength of one's love,

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so too will be one's fear and hope.

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Every lover is, by necessity, both fearful and hopeful.

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He fears falling from the favor of his Beloved,

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and falling under the weight of His anger, punishment, and rejection.

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He hopes to attain the pleasure of his Beloved and His reward.

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This is what is meant by "desiring the Hereafter" in the words of Allah the Almighty.

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“Allah verily made good His promise unto you when ye routed them by His leave, until (the moment) when your courage failed you, and ye disagreed about the order and ye disobeyed, after He had shown you that for which ye long. Some of you desired the world, and some of you desired the Hereafter. Therefore He made you flee from them, that He might try you. Yet now He hath forgiven you. Allah is a Lord of Kindness to believers.” (3:152)

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Allah has mentioned only the worldly life and the Hereafter;

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there is no third category.

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Therefore, desiring the Hereafter is synonymous with desiring Allah the Almighty and His reward.

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Desiring the reward does not contradict desiring Allah;

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rather, it is encompassed within the desire for Allah.

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This is why the statement of the salaf is confirmed:

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"Whoever worships Allah through love alone is a heretic (zindiq);

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whoever worships Him through fear alone is a Kharijite;

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and whoever worships Him through hope alone is a Murji'ite."