1 00:00:00,780 --> 00:00:09,779 Riyadh al-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 2 00:00:09,779 --> 00:00:16,309 Chapter: What is said upon sighting the crescent moon. 3 00:00:16,309 --> 00:00:20,589 On the authority of Talhah Ibn ‘Ubayd Allah, may Allah be pleased with him: 4 00:00:20,589 --> 00:00:26,589 That when the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, saw the crescent moon, he would say: 5 00:00:26,589 --> 00:00:33,719 "O Allah, bring it over us with security, faith, safety, and Islam." 6 00:00:33,719 --> 00:00:36,719 "My Lord and your Lord is Allah." 7 00:00:36,719 --> 00:00:39,719 "A crescent of guidance and goodness." 8 00:00:39,719 --> 00:00:41,850 Narrated by al-Tirmidhi. 9 00:00:41,850 --> 00:00:45,619 From the benefits of the hadith: 10 00:00:46,030 --> 00:00:50,030 Security and safety are attained through faith in Allah as Lord, 11 00:00:50,030 --> 00:00:52,030 In Muhammad as Messenger, 12 00:00:52,030 --> 00:00:55,030 And in Islam as a religion. 13 00:00:55,030 --> 00:00:57,030 For if faith is lost, 14 00:00:57,030 --> 00:01:00,030 There is neither security nor safety. 15 00:01:00,030 --> 00:01:05,420 Security and safety are a blessing from Allah the Exalted that must be acknowledged with gratitude, 16 00:01:05,420 --> 00:01:09,420 And by praying to Allah that they remain and are renewed. 17 00:01:09,420 --> 00:01:15,930 It is recommended to recite this supplication upon sighting the crescent moon of every month. 18 00:01:15,930 --> 00:01:23,900 Chapter: The virtue of the pre-dawn meal (suhur) and delaying it, provided one does not fear the break of dawn. 19 00:01:23,900 --> 00:01:29,219 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 20 00:01:29,219 --> 00:01:32,219 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 21 00:01:32,219 --> 00:01:37,219 "Eat the suhur, for there is blessing in the suhur." 22 00:01:37,219 --> 00:01:39,280 Agreed upon. 23 00:01:39,280 --> 00:01:42,500 From the benefits of the hadith: 24 00:01:42,500 --> 00:01:47,849 One should not miss the suhur, for it contains goodness and blessing, 25 00:01:47,849 --> 00:01:51,849 And because it provides strength for fasting. 26 00:01:51,849 --> 00:01:56,969 On the authority of Zayd Ibn Thabit, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 27 00:01:56,969 --> 00:02:00,969 "We ate the suhur with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him," 28 00:02:00,969 --> 00:02:03,969 "Then we stood up for prayer." 29 00:02:03,969 --> 00:02:07,099 It was asked: "How much time was between them?" 30 00:02:07,099 --> 00:02:11,099 He replied: "The time it takes to recite fifty verses." 31 00:02:11,099 --> 00:02:13,099 Agreed upon. 32 00:02:13,099 --> 00:02:17,250 From the benefits of the hadith: 33 00:02:17,250 --> 00:02:20,539 Measuring time by physical actions. 34 00:02:20,539 --> 00:02:24,539 The Arabs used to measure time by actions, 35 00:02:24,539 --> 00:02:27,539 Such as saying: "The time it takes to milk a ewe," 36 00:02:27,539 --> 00:02:30,539 Or "the time it takes to slaughter a camel." 37 00:02:30,539 --> 00:02:35,539 Zayd Ibn Thabit shifted from that to measuring by recitation, 38 00:02:35,539 --> 00:02:38,539 Indicating that this time 39 00:02:38,539 --> 00:02:42,539 Was a time of worship through recitation and reflection. 40 00:02:42,539 --> 00:02:47,080 It is recommended to delay the suhur until just before dawn, 41 00:02:47,080 --> 00:02:50,080 As it is more effective for the intended purpose. 42 00:02:50,080 --> 00:02:54,560 The leader keeping his companions company by eating with them. 43 00:02:54,560 --> 00:02:57,979 The permissibility of gathering for the suhur. 44 00:02:57,979 --> 00:03:03,219 On the authority of Ibn ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 45 00:03:03,219 --> 00:03:07,219 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had 46 00:03:07,219 --> 00:03:08,219 Two callers to prayer: 47 00:03:08,219 --> 00:03:11,219 Bilal and Ibn Umm Maktum. 48 00:03:11,219 --> 00:03:15,219 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 49 00:03:15,219 --> 00:03:18,219 "Bilal calls the adhan at night," 50 00:03:18,219 --> 00:03:23,219 "So eat and drink until Ibn Umm Maktum calls the adhan." 51 00:03:23,219 --> 00:03:25,219 He said: 52 00:03:25,219 --> 00:03:27,219 "There was no time between them" 53 00:03:27,219 --> 00:03:31,219 "Except for one to descend and the other to ascend." 54 00:03:31,219 --> 00:03:35,180 Agreed upon. 55 00:03:35,180 --> 00:03:37,180 From the benefits of the hadith: 56 00:03:37,180 --> 00:03:39,599 There are two types of dawn: 57 00:03:39,599 --> 00:03:41,599 The false dawn, 58 00:03:41,599 --> 00:03:43,599 Which does not make the morning prayer permissible, 59 00:03:43,599 --> 00:03:47,659 Nor does it forbid food for the fasting person. 60 00:03:47,659 --> 00:03:49,659 And the true dawn, 61 00:03:49,659 --> 00:03:52,659 Which is what forbids food for the fasting person, 62 00:03:52,659 --> 00:03:55,659 And makes the dawn prayer permissible. 63 00:03:55,659 --> 00:03:59,659 This is why the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had 64 00:03:59,659 --> 00:04:00,659 Two callers to prayer: 65 00:04:00,659 --> 00:04:03,659 Bilal and Ibn Umm Maktum. 66 00:04:03,659 --> 00:04:06,240 The false dawn 67 00:04:06,240 --> 00:04:10,240 Is the elongated, bright, ascending whiteness, 68 00:04:10,240 --> 00:04:12,240 Like the tail of a wolf. 69 00:04:12,240 --> 00:04:14,430 The true dawn 70 00:04:14,430 --> 00:04:19,430 Is the reddish light that spreads horizontally across the peaks of mountain passes and mountains, 71 00:04:19,430 --> 00:04:23,430 Spreading into roads, paths, and houses. 72 00:04:23,430 --> 00:04:28,430 This is the one to which the rulings of fasting and prayer are attached. 73 00:04:28,430 --> 00:04:33,680 On the authority of ‘Amr Ibn al-‘As, may Allah be pleased with him: 74 00:04:33,680 --> 00:04:37,680 That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 75 00:04:37,680 --> 00:04:42,810 "The distinction between our fasting and the fasting of the People of the Book" 76 00:04:42,810 --> 00:04:44,870 "Is the pre-dawn meal." 77 00:04:44,870 --> 00:04:46,870 Narrated by Muslim. 78 00:04:46,870 --> 00:04:50,800 "Distinction" means the difference. 79 00:04:50,800 --> 00:04:54,790 From the benefits of the hadith: 80 00:04:54,790 --> 00:04:56,790 Allah has obligated fasting upon us, 81 00:04:56,790 --> 00:05:02,269 Just as He obligated it upon those before us from the People of the Book. 82 00:05:02,269 --> 00:05:07,269 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, commanded the suhur 83 00:05:07,269 --> 00:05:11,850 To differentiate between our fast and the fast of the People of the Book. 84 00:05:11,850 --> 00:05:15,850 Opposing the People of the Book, the Jews and the Christians, 85 00:05:15,850 --> 00:05:18,850 Is one of the objectives of the Shari'ah, 86 00:05:18,850 --> 00:05:21,850 And a goal of the Prophetic mission, 87 00:05:21,850 --> 00:05:28,860 To distinguish this Ummah of Islam. 88 00:05:28,860 --> 00:05:30,860 Chapter: The virtue of hastening to break the fast, 89 00:05:30,860 --> 00:05:32,860 What to break the fast with, 90 00:05:32,860 --> 00:05:35,860 And what to say after breaking it. 91 00:05:35,860 --> 00:05:40,389 On the authority of Sahl Ibn Sa‘d, may Allah be pleased with him: 92 00:05:40,389 --> 00:05:45,389 That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 93 00:05:45,389 --> 00:05:50,420 "People will remain in goodness as long as they hasten to break the fast." 94 00:05:50,420 --> 00:05:53,610 Agreed upon. 95 00:05:53,610 --> 00:05:56,019 From the benefits of the hadith: 96 00:05:56,019 --> 00:05:59,019 One should not add the night to the day, 97 00:05:59,019 --> 00:06:02,019 Because it is easier for the fasting person, 98 00:06:02,019 --> 00:06:05,019 And strengthens them for worship. 99 00:06:05,019 --> 00:06:09,269 On the authority of Abu ‘Atiyyah, who said: 100 00:06:09,269 --> 00:06:14,269 "Masruq and I entered upon ‘Aishah, may Allah be pleased with her," 101 00:06:14,269 --> 00:06:16,269 "And Masruq said to her:" 102 00:06:16,269 --> 00:06:21,269 "'Two men from the companions of Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,'" 103 00:06:21,269 --> 00:06:24,269 "'Neither of whom falls short in goodness,'" 104 00:06:25,269 --> 00:06:28,269 "'One of them hastens the Maghrib prayer and the breaking of the fast,'" 105 00:06:28,269 --> 00:06:32,430 "'And the other delays the Maghrib prayer and the breaking of the fast.'" 106 00:06:32,430 --> 00:06:36,430 She asked: "Who is the one who hastens the Maghrib prayer and the breaking of the fast?" 107 00:06:36,430 --> 00:06:41,430 He replied: "‘Abdullah," meaning Ibn Mas‘ud. 108 00:06:41,430 --> 00:06:48,720 She said: "That is how the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, used to do." 109 00:06:48,720 --> 00:06:51,620 Narrated by Muslim. 110 00:06:51,620 --> 00:06:53,620 His phrase "does not fall short" 111 00:06:53,620 --> 00:06:57,930 Means he does not neglect goodness. 112 00:06:57,930 --> 00:07:00,060 From the benefits of the hadith: 113 00:07:00,060 --> 00:07:03,060 The recommendation to ask the people of knowledge 114 00:07:03,060 --> 00:07:05,060 If a matter becomes obscure to the seeker, 115 00:07:05,060 --> 00:07:08,060 Or a question is difficult for them, 116 00:07:08,060 --> 00:07:11,600 Or the evidences appear equal to them. 117 00:07:11,600 --> 00:07:16,600 The eagerness of the companions of Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, for goodness, 118 00:07:16,600 --> 00:07:19,600 And their competition in acts of righteousness and piety, 119 00:07:19,600 --> 00:07:24,600 And their observance of the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 120 00:07:24,600 --> 00:07:29,180 The Sunnah is to delay the suhur and hasten the breaking of the fast, 121 00:07:29,180 --> 00:07:34,180 And the hadiths regarding this are abundant and reach the level of mutawatir. 122 00:07:34,180 --> 00:07:38,620 A merit for ‘Abdullah Ibn Mas‘ud, may Allah be pleased with him, 123 00:07:38,620 --> 00:07:43,620 And his carefulness to follow the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 124 00:07:43,620 --> 00:07:50,100 The Sunnah may be hidden from some of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them. 125 00:07:50,100 --> 00:07:55,290 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 126 00:07:55,290 --> 00:07:59,290 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 127 00:07:59,290 --> 00:08:02,290 "Allah the Almighty says:" 128 00:08:02,290 --> 00:08:04,290 "'The most beloved of My servants to Me'" 129 00:08:04,290 --> 00:08:07,319 "'Are those who are quickest to break their fast.'" 130 00:08:07,319 --> 00:08:09,860 Narrated by al-Tirmidhi. 131 00:08:09,860 --> 00:08:13,860 On the authority of ‘Umar Ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 132 00:08:13,860 --> 00:08:17,959 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 133 00:08:17,959 --> 00:08:20,959 "When the night approaches from here," 134 00:08:20,959 --> 00:08:23,959 "And the day departs from here," 135 00:08:23,959 --> 00:08:25,959 "And the sun sets," 136 00:08:25,959 --> 00:08:29,089 "Then the fasting person has broken their fast." 137 00:08:29,089 --> 00:08:31,089 Agreed upon. 138 00:08:31,089 --> 00:08:34,820 "The night approaches from here," 139 00:08:34,820 --> 00:08:38,139 Meaning it comes from the direction of the east. 140 00:08:38,139 --> 00:08:41,139 "The day departs from here," 141 00:08:41,139 --> 00:08:44,340 Meaning it leaves from the direction of the west. 142 00:08:44,340 --> 00:08:46,340 "Then the fasting person has broken their fast," 143 00:08:46,340 --> 00:08:48,340 Meaning in terms of the ruling, 144 00:08:48,340 --> 00:08:50,340 Not in terms of the reality, 145 00:08:50,340 --> 00:08:53,980 Because the time for breaking the fast has entered. 146 00:08:53,980 --> 00:08:55,980 From the benefits of the hadith: 147 00:08:55,980 --> 00:09:00,230 There must be remnants of darkness when breaking the fast. 148 00:09:00,230 --> 00:09:04,620 Breaking the fast is realized by three conditions: 149 00:09:04,620 --> 00:09:07,620 The approach of the night and the departure of the day, 150 00:09:07,620 --> 00:09:11,029 And the setting of the sun's disk. 151 00:09:11,029 --> 00:09:15,029 The principle regarding these three is that they are concurrent, 152 00:09:15,029 --> 00:09:19,029 Even if it appears to the eye that they are not. 153 00:09:19,029 --> 00:09:22,179 On the authority of Abu Ibrahim, 154 00:09:23,179 --> 00:09:26,179 ‘Abdullah Ibn Abi Awfa, may Allah be pleased with them both, 155 00:09:26,179 --> 00:09:27,179 Who said: 156 00:09:27,179 --> 00:09:31,179 "We were traveling with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him," 157 00:09:31,179 --> 00:09:33,179 "While he was fasting." 158 00:09:33,179 --> 00:09:35,179 "When the sun set," 159 00:09:35,179 --> 00:09:37,179 "He said to some of the people:" 160 00:09:37,179 --> 00:09:39,179 "'O so-and-so,'" 161 00:09:39,179 --> 00:09:41,179 "'Get down and mix some sawiq (barley meal) for us.'" 162 00:09:41,179 --> 00:09:43,250 He said: 163 00:09:43,250 --> 00:09:45,250 "'O Messenger of Allah,'" 164 00:09:45,250 --> 00:09:47,250 "'If only you would wait until evening.'" 165 00:09:47,250 --> 00:09:48,250 He said: 166 00:09:48,250 --> 00:09:50,309 "'Get down and mix some sawiq for us.'" 167 00:09:50,309 --> 00:09:51,309 He said: 168 00:09:51,309 --> 00:09:53,309 "'But there is still daylight upon you.'" 169 00:09:53,309 --> 00:09:54,440 He said: 170 00:09:54,440 --> 00:09:57,500 "'Get down and mix some sawiq for us.'" 171 00:09:57,500 --> 00:09:58,500 He said: 172 00:09:58,500 --> 00:10:01,500 "So he got down and mixed it for them." 173 00:10:01,500 --> 00:10:05,500 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, drank, 174 00:10:05,500 --> 00:10:07,500 Then said: 175 00:10:07,500 --> 00:10:11,500 "'When you see the night has approached from here,'" 176 00:10:11,500 --> 00:10:13,500 "'Then the fasting person has broken their fast,'" 177 00:10:13,500 --> 00:10:17,600 And he pointed with his hand toward the east. 178 00:10:17,600 --> 00:10:19,600 Agreed upon. 179 00:10:19,600 --> 00:10:22,299 His phrase "mix" (ijdaḥ), 180 00:10:22,299 --> 00:10:25,299 Means to mix the sawiq with water. 181 00:10:25,299 --> 00:10:29,200 From the benefits of the hadith: 182 00:10:29,200 --> 00:10:32,200 The permissibility of inquiring about appearances, 183 00:10:32,200 --> 00:10:37,200 Due to the possibility that the intended meaning is not to take them at face value. 184 00:10:37,200 --> 00:10:45,200 From this, we derive his, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, approval of the Companion for not immediately complying. 185 00:10:45,200 --> 00:10:48,740 The recommendation to hasten the breaking of the fast. 186 00:10:48,740 --> 00:10:53,259 It is not absolutely obligatory to abstain for a portion of the night. 187 00:10:53,259 --> 00:10:56,259 Rather, once the setting of the sun is confirmed, 188 00:10:56,259 --> 00:10:58,830 Breaking the fast becomes permissible. 189 00:10:58,830 --> 00:11:03,830 The permissibility of reminding a scholar of something they might have forgotten, 190 00:11:03,830 --> 00:11:09,049 And stopping the questioning after three times. 191 00:11:09,049 --> 00:11:14,049 On the authority of Salman Ibn ‘Amir al-Dabbi, the Companion, may Allah be pleased with him, 192 00:11:14,049 --> 00:11:18,139 From the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said: 193 00:11:18,139 --> 00:11:20,139 "When one of you breaks his fast," 194 00:11:20,139 --> 00:11:22,139 "Let him break it with dates," 195 00:11:22,139 --> 00:11:24,139 "For if he does not find any," 196 00:11:24,139 --> 00:11:26,139 "Let him break it with water," 197 00:11:26,139 --> 00:11:28,139 "For it is purifying." 198 00:11:28,139 --> 00:11:32,820 Narrated by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi. 199 00:11:32,820 --> 00:11:35,820 Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, reported: 200 00:11:35,820 --> 00:11:42,820 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, would break his fast with fresh dates before praying. 201 00:11:42,820 --> 00:11:46,820 If there were no fresh dates, he would use dried dates. 202 00:11:46,820 --> 00:11:49,820 If there were no dried dates, 203 00:11:49,820 --> 00:11:53,169 he would take a few sips of water. 204 00:11:53,169 --> 00:11:58,000 This was recorded by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi. 205 00:11:58,000 --> 00:12:01,700 "Hasa" means he drank. 206 00:12:01,700 --> 00:12:03,929 Among the benefits of this hadith: 207 00:12:03,929 --> 00:12:06,929 Breaking the fast should occur immediately after the adhan. 208 00:12:06,929 --> 00:12:10,929 Or once the condition is met, before the prayer. 209 00:12:10,929 --> 00:12:15,440 Because it invigorates the soul for performing the act of worship. 210 00:12:15,440 --> 00:12:19,440 It is recommended to break the fast with fresh or dried dates. 211 00:12:19,440 --> 00:12:21,440 If one cannot find those, then with water. 212 00:12:21,440 --> 00:12:32,059 Chapter: The command for the fasting person to guard their tongue and limbs against violations, verbal abuse, and the like. 213 00:12:32,059 --> 00:12:37,379 Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, reported: 214 00:12:37,379 --> 00:12:40,379 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 215 00:12:40,379 --> 00:12:44,500 "When any of you is fasting, 216 00:12:44,500 --> 00:12:47,539 let him not use obscene language or act ignorantly. 217 00:12:47,539 --> 00:12:50,539 If someone insults him or fights him, 218 00:12:50,539 --> 00:12:53,539 let him say, 'I am fasting.'" 219 00:12:53,539 --> 00:12:55,730 Agreed upon. 220 00:12:55,730 --> 00:13:00,179 Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, also reported: 221 00:13:00,179 --> 00:13:03,179 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 222 00:13:03,179 --> 00:13:07,179 "Whoever does not abandon false speech and acting upon it, 223 00:13:07,179 --> 00:13:12,179 Allah has no need for him to abandon his food and drink." 224 00:13:12,179 --> 00:13:15,370 Recorded by al-Bukhari. 225 00:13:15,370 --> 00:13:18,139 Among the benefits of this hadith: 226 00:13:18,139 --> 00:13:22,460 The true fasting person is one whose limbs refrain from sins. 227 00:13:22,460 --> 00:13:26,460 Whose tongue refrains from lying, obscenity, and false speech. 228 00:13:26,460 --> 00:13:29,460 Whose stomach refrains from food and drink. 229 00:13:29,460 --> 00:13:32,940 And whose private parts refrain from sexual misconduct. 230 00:13:32,940 --> 00:13:34,940 If the fasting person speaks, 231 00:13:34,940 --> 00:13:37,940 he does not speak in a way that harms his fast. 232 00:13:37,940 --> 00:13:41,940 And if he acts, he does not do what would invalidate his fast. 233 00:13:41,940 --> 00:13:47,539 Many a fasting person gains nothing from his fast but hunger and thirst. 234 00:13:47,539 --> 00:13:52,639 Riyad al-Salihin.