WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:09.779 Riyadh al-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:09.779 --> 00:00:16.309 Chapter: What is said upon sighting the crescent moon. 00:00:16.309 --> 00:00:20.589 On the authority of Talhah Ibn ‘Ubayd Allah, may Allah be pleased with him: 00:00:20.589 --> 00:00:26.589 That when the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, saw the crescent moon, he would say: 00:00:26.589 --> 00:00:33.719 "O Allah, bring it over us with security, faith, safety, and Islam." 00:00:33.719 --> 00:00:36.719 "My Lord and your Lord is Allah." 00:00:36.719 --> 00:00:39.719 "A crescent of guidance and goodness." 00:00:39.719 --> 00:00:41.850 Narrated by al-Tirmidhi. 00:00:41.850 --> 00:00:45.619 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:00:46.030 --> 00:00:50.030 Security and safety are attained through faith in Allah as Lord, 00:00:50.030 --> 00:00:52.030 In Muhammad as Messenger, 00:00:52.030 --> 00:00:55.030 And in Islam as a religion. 00:00:55.030 --> 00:00:57.030 For if faith is lost, 00:00:57.030 --> 00:01:00.030 There is neither security nor safety. 00:01:00.030 --> 00:01:05.420 Security and safety are a blessing from Allah the Exalted that must be acknowledged with gratitude, 00:01:05.420 --> 00:01:09.420 And by praying to Allah that they remain and are renewed. 00:01:09.420 --> 00:01:15.930 It is recommended to recite this supplication upon sighting the crescent moon of every month. 00:01:15.930 --> 00:01:23.900 Chapter: The virtue of the pre-dawn meal (suhur) and delaying it, provided one does not fear the break of dawn. 00:01:23.900 --> 00:01:29.219 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:01:29.219 --> 00:01:32.219 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:01:32.219 --> 00:01:37.219 "Eat the suhur, for there is blessing in the suhur." 00:01:37.219 --> 00:01:39.280 Agreed upon. 00:01:39.280 --> 00:01:42.500 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:01:42.500 --> 00:01:47.849 One should not miss the suhur, for it contains goodness and blessing, 00:01:47.849 --> 00:01:51.849 And because it provides strength for fasting. 00:01:51.849 --> 00:01:56.969 On the authority of Zayd Ibn Thabit, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:01:56.969 --> 00:02:00.969 "We ate the suhur with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him," 00:02:00.969 --> 00:02:03.969 "Then we stood up for prayer." 00:02:03.969 --> 00:02:07.099 It was asked: "How much time was between them?" 00:02:07.099 --> 00:02:11.099 He replied: "The time it takes to recite fifty verses." 00:02:11.099 --> 00:02:13.099 Agreed upon. 00:02:13.099 --> 00:02:17.250 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:02:17.250 --> 00:02:20.539 Measuring time by physical actions. 00:02:20.539 --> 00:02:24.539 The Arabs used to measure time by actions, 00:02:24.539 --> 00:02:27.539 Such as saying: "The time it takes to milk a ewe," 00:02:27.539 --> 00:02:30.539 Or "the time it takes to slaughter a camel." 00:02:30.539 --> 00:02:35.539 Zayd Ibn Thabit shifted from that to measuring by recitation, 00:02:35.539 --> 00:02:38.539 Indicating that this time 00:02:38.539 --> 00:02:42.539 Was a time of worship through recitation and reflection. 00:02:42.539 --> 00:02:47.080 It is recommended to delay the suhur until just before dawn, 00:02:47.080 --> 00:02:50.080 As it is more effective for the intended purpose. 00:02:50.080 --> 00:02:54.560 The leader keeping his companions company by eating with them. 00:02:54.560 --> 00:02:57.979 The permissibility of gathering for the suhur. 00:02:57.979 --> 00:03:03.219 On the authority of Ibn ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 00:03:03.219 --> 00:03:07.219 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had 00:03:07.219 --> 00:03:08.219 Two callers to prayer: 00:03:08.219 --> 00:03:11.219 Bilal and Ibn Umm Maktum. 00:03:11.219 --> 00:03:15.219 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:03:15.219 --> 00:03:18.219 "Bilal calls the adhan at night," 00:03:18.219 --> 00:03:23.219 "So eat and drink until Ibn Umm Maktum calls the adhan." 00:03:23.219 --> 00:03:25.219 He said: 00:03:25.219 --> 00:03:27.219 "There was no time between them" 00:03:27.219 --> 00:03:31.219 "Except for one to descend and the other to ascend." 00:03:31.219 --> 00:03:35.180 Agreed upon. 00:03:35.180 --> 00:03:37.180 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:03:37.180 --> 00:03:39.599 There are two types of dawn: 00:03:39.599 --> 00:03:41.599 The false dawn, 00:03:41.599 --> 00:03:43.599 Which does not make the morning prayer permissible, 00:03:43.599 --> 00:03:47.659 Nor does it forbid food for the fasting person. 00:03:47.659 --> 00:03:49.659 And the true dawn, 00:03:49.659 --> 00:03:52.659 Which is what forbids food for the fasting person, 00:03:52.659 --> 00:03:55.659 And makes the dawn prayer permissible. 00:03:55.659 --> 00:03:59.659 This is why the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had 00:03:59.659 --> 00:04:00.659 Two callers to prayer: 00:04:00.659 --> 00:04:03.659 Bilal and Ibn Umm Maktum. 00:04:03.659 --> 00:04:06.240 The false dawn 00:04:06.240 --> 00:04:10.240 Is the elongated, bright, ascending whiteness, 00:04:10.240 --> 00:04:12.240 Like the tail of a wolf. 00:04:12.240 --> 00:04:14.430 The true dawn 00:04:14.430 --> 00:04:19.430 Is the reddish light that spreads horizontally across the peaks of mountain passes and mountains, 00:04:19.430 --> 00:04:23.430 Spreading into roads, paths, and houses. 00:04:23.430 --> 00:04:28.430 This is the one to which the rulings of fasting and prayer are attached. 00:04:28.430 --> 00:04:33.680 On the authority of ‘Amr Ibn al-‘As, may Allah be pleased with him: 00:04:33.680 --> 00:04:37.680 That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:04:37.680 --> 00:04:42.810 "The distinction between our fasting and the fasting of the People of the Book" 00:04:42.810 --> 00:04:44.870 "Is the pre-dawn meal." 00:04:44.870 --> 00:04:46.870 Narrated by Muslim. 00:04:46.870 --> 00:04:50.800 "Distinction" means the difference. 00:04:50.800 --> 00:04:54.790 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:04:54.790 --> 00:04:56.790 Allah has obligated fasting upon us, 00:04:56.790 --> 00:05:02.269 Just as He obligated it upon those before us from the People of the Book. 00:05:02.269 --> 00:05:07.269 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, commanded the suhur 00:05:07.269 --> 00:05:11.850 To differentiate between our fast and the fast of the People of the Book. 00:05:11.850 --> 00:05:15.850 Opposing the People of the Book, the Jews and the Christians, 00:05:15.850 --> 00:05:18.850 Is one of the objectives of the Shari'ah, 00:05:18.850 --> 00:05:21.850 And a goal of the Prophetic mission, 00:05:21.850 --> 00:05:28.860 To distinguish this Ummah of Islam. 00:05:28.860 --> 00:05:30.860 Chapter: The virtue of hastening to break the fast, 00:05:30.860 --> 00:05:32.860 What to break the fast with, 00:05:32.860 --> 00:05:35.860 And what to say after breaking it. 00:05:35.860 --> 00:05:40.389 On the authority of Sahl Ibn Sa‘d, may Allah be pleased with him: 00:05:40.389 --> 00:05:45.389 That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:05:45.389 --> 00:05:50.420 "People will remain in goodness as long as they hasten to break the fast." 00:05:50.420 --> 00:05:53.610 Agreed upon. 00:05:53.610 --> 00:05:56.019 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:05:56.019 --> 00:05:59.019 One should not add the night to the day, 00:05:59.019 --> 00:06:02.019 Because it is easier for the fasting person, 00:06:02.019 --> 00:06:05.019 And strengthens them for worship. 00:06:05.019 --> 00:06:09.269 On the authority of Abu ‘Atiyyah, who said: 00:06:09.269 --> 00:06:14.269 "Masruq and I entered upon ‘Aishah, may Allah be pleased with her," 00:06:14.269 --> 00:06:16.269 "And Masruq said to her:" 00:06:16.269 --> 00:06:21.269 "'Two men from the companions of Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,'" 00:06:21.269 --> 00:06:24.269 "'Neither of whom falls short in goodness,'" 00:06:25.269 --> 00:06:28.269 "'One of them hastens the Maghrib prayer and the breaking of the fast,'" 00:06:28.269 --> 00:06:32.430 "'And the other delays the Maghrib prayer and the breaking of the fast.'" 00:06:32.430 --> 00:06:36.430 She asked: "Who is the one who hastens the Maghrib prayer and the breaking of the fast?" 00:06:36.430 --> 00:06:41.430 He replied: "‘Abdullah," meaning Ibn Mas‘ud. 00:06:41.430 --> 00:06:48.720 She said: "That is how the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, used to do." 00:06:48.720 --> 00:06:51.620 Narrated by Muslim. 00:06:51.620 --> 00:06:53.620 His phrase "does not fall short" 00:06:53.620 --> 00:06:57.930 Means he does not neglect goodness. 00:06:57.930 --> 00:07:00.060 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:07:00.060 --> 00:07:03.060 The recommendation to ask the people of knowledge 00:07:03.060 --> 00:07:05.060 If a matter becomes obscure to the seeker, 00:07:05.060 --> 00:07:08.060 Or a question is difficult for them, 00:07:08.060 --> 00:07:11.600 Or the evidences appear equal to them. 00:07:11.600 --> 00:07:16.600 The eagerness of the companions of Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, for goodness, 00:07:16.600 --> 00:07:19.600 And their competition in acts of righteousness and piety, 00:07:19.600 --> 00:07:24.600 And their observance of the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:07:24.600 --> 00:07:29.180 The Sunnah is to delay the suhur and hasten the breaking of the fast, 00:07:29.180 --> 00:07:34.180 And the hadiths regarding this are abundant and reach the level of mutawatir. 00:07:34.180 --> 00:07:38.620 A merit for ‘Abdullah Ibn Mas‘ud, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:07:38.620 --> 00:07:43.620 And his carefulness to follow the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:07:43.620 --> 00:07:50.100 The Sunnah may be hidden from some of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them. 00:07:50.100 --> 00:07:55.290 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:07:55.290 --> 00:07:59.290 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:07:59.290 --> 00:08:02.290 "Allah the Almighty says:" 00:08:02.290 --> 00:08:04.290 "'The most beloved of My servants to Me'" 00:08:04.290 --> 00:08:07.319 "'Are those who are quickest to break their fast.'" 00:08:07.319 --> 00:08:09.860 Narrated by al-Tirmidhi. 00:08:09.860 --> 00:08:13.860 On the authority of ‘Umar Ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:08:13.860 --> 00:08:17.959 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:08:17.959 --> 00:08:20.959 "When the night approaches from here," 00:08:20.959 --> 00:08:23.959 "And the day departs from here," 00:08:23.959 --> 00:08:25.959 "And the sun sets," 00:08:25.959 --> 00:08:29.089 "Then the fasting person has broken their fast." 00:08:29.089 --> 00:08:31.089 Agreed upon. 00:08:31.089 --> 00:08:34.820 "The night approaches from here," 00:08:34.820 --> 00:08:38.139 Meaning it comes from the direction of the east. 00:08:38.139 --> 00:08:41.139 "The day departs from here," 00:08:41.139 --> 00:08:44.340 Meaning it leaves from the direction of the west. 00:08:44.340 --> 00:08:46.340 "Then the fasting person has broken their fast," 00:08:46.340 --> 00:08:48.340 Meaning in terms of the ruling, 00:08:48.340 --> 00:08:50.340 Not in terms of the reality, 00:08:50.340 --> 00:08:53.980 Because the time for breaking the fast has entered. 00:08:53.980 --> 00:08:55.980 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:08:55.980 --> 00:09:00.230 There must be remnants of darkness when breaking the fast. 00:09:00.230 --> 00:09:04.620 Breaking the fast is realized by three conditions: 00:09:04.620 --> 00:09:07.620 The approach of the night and the departure of the day, 00:09:07.620 --> 00:09:11.029 And the setting of the sun's disk. 00:09:11.029 --> 00:09:15.029 The principle regarding these three is that they are concurrent, 00:09:15.029 --> 00:09:19.029 Even if it appears to the eye that they are not. 00:09:19.029 --> 00:09:22.179 On the authority of Abu Ibrahim, 00:09:23.179 --> 00:09:26.179 ‘Abdullah Ibn Abi Awfa, may Allah be pleased with them both, 00:09:26.179 --> 00:09:27.179 Who said: 00:09:27.179 --> 00:09:31.179 "We were traveling with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him," 00:09:31.179 --> 00:09:33.179 "While he was fasting." 00:09:33.179 --> 00:09:35.179 "When the sun set," 00:09:35.179 --> 00:09:37.179 "He said to some of the people:" 00:09:37.179 --> 00:09:39.179 "'O so-and-so,'" 00:09:39.179 --> 00:09:41.179 "'Get down and mix some sawiq (barley meal) for us.'" 00:09:41.179 --> 00:09:43.250 He said: 00:09:43.250 --> 00:09:45.250 "'O Messenger of Allah,'" 00:09:45.250 --> 00:09:47.250 "'If only you would wait until evening.'" 00:09:47.250 --> 00:09:48.250 He said: 00:09:48.250 --> 00:09:50.309 "'Get down and mix some sawiq for us.'" 00:09:50.309 --> 00:09:51.309 He said: 00:09:51.309 --> 00:09:53.309 "'But there is still daylight upon you.'" 00:09:53.309 --> 00:09:54.440 He said: 00:09:54.440 --> 00:09:57.500 "'Get down and mix some sawiq for us.'" 00:09:57.500 --> 00:09:58.500 He said: 00:09:58.500 --> 00:10:01.500 "So he got down and mixed it for them." 00:10:01.500 --> 00:10:05.500 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, drank, 00:10:05.500 --> 00:10:07.500 Then said: 00:10:07.500 --> 00:10:11.500 "'When you see the night has approached from here,'" 00:10:11.500 --> 00:10:13.500 "'Then the fasting person has broken their fast,'" 00:10:13.500 --> 00:10:17.600 And he pointed with his hand toward the east. 00:10:17.600 --> 00:10:19.600 Agreed upon. 00:10:19.600 --> 00:10:22.299 His phrase "mix" (ijdaḥ), 00:10:22.299 --> 00:10:25.299 Means to mix the sawiq with water. 00:10:25.299 --> 00:10:29.200 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:10:29.200 --> 00:10:32.200 The permissibility of inquiring about appearances, 00:10:32.200 --> 00:10:37.200 Due to the possibility that the intended meaning is not to take them at face value. 00:10:37.200 --> 00:10:45.200 From this, we derive his, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, approval of the Companion for not immediately complying. 00:10:45.200 --> 00:10:48.740 The recommendation to hasten the breaking of the fast. 00:10:48.740 --> 00:10:53.259 It is not absolutely obligatory to abstain for a portion of the night. 00:10:53.259 --> 00:10:56.259 Rather, once the setting of the sun is confirmed, 00:10:56.259 --> 00:10:58.830 Breaking the fast becomes permissible. 00:10:58.830 --> 00:11:03.830 The permissibility of reminding a scholar of something they might have forgotten, 00:11:03.830 --> 00:11:09.049 And stopping the questioning after three times. 00:11:09.049 --> 00:11:14.049 On the authority of Salman Ibn ‘Amir al-Dabbi, the Companion, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:11:14.049 --> 00:11:18.139 From the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said: 00:11:18.139 --> 00:11:20.139 "When one of you breaks his fast," 00:11:20.139 --> 00:11:22.139 "Let him break it with dates," 00:11:22.139 --> 00:11:24.139 "For if he does not find any," 00:11:24.139 --> 00:11:26.139 "Let him break it with water," 00:11:26.139 --> 00:11:28.139 "For it is purifying." 00:11:28.139 --> 00:11:32.820 Narrated by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi. 00:11:32.820 --> 00:11:35.820 Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, reported: 00:11:35.820 --> 00:11:42.820 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, would break his fast with fresh dates before praying. 00:11:42.820 --> 00:11:46.820 If there were no fresh dates, he would use dried dates. 00:11:46.820 --> 00:11:49.820 If there were no dried dates, 00:11:49.820 --> 00:11:53.169 he would take a few sips of water. 00:11:53.169 --> 00:11:58.000 This was recorded by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi. 00:11:58.000 --> 00:12:01.700 "Hasa" means he drank. 00:12:01.700 --> 00:12:03.929 Among the benefits of this hadith: 00:12:03.929 --> 00:12:06.929 Breaking the fast should occur immediately after the adhan. 00:12:06.929 --> 00:12:10.929 Or once the condition is met, before the prayer. 00:12:10.929 --> 00:12:15.440 Because it invigorates the soul for performing the act of worship. 00:12:15.440 --> 00:12:19.440 It is recommended to break the fast with fresh or dried dates. 00:12:19.440 --> 00:12:21.440 If one cannot find those, then with water. 00:12:21.440 --> 00:12:32.059 Chapter: The command for the fasting person to guard their tongue and limbs against violations, verbal abuse, and the like. 00:12:32.059 --> 00:12:37.379 Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, reported: 00:12:37.379 --> 00:12:40.379 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:12:40.379 --> 00:12:44.500 "When any of you is fasting, 00:12:44.500 --> 00:12:47.539 let him not use obscene language or act ignorantly. 00:12:47.539 --> 00:12:50.539 If someone insults him or fights him, 00:12:50.539 --> 00:12:53.539 let him say, 'I am fasting.'" 00:12:53.539 --> 00:12:55.730 Agreed upon. 00:12:55.730 --> 00:13:00.179 Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, also reported: 00:13:00.179 --> 00:13:03.179 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:13:03.179 --> 00:13:07.179 "Whoever does not abandon false speech and acting upon it, 00:13:07.179 --> 00:13:12.179 Allah has no need for him to abandon his food and drink." 00:13:12.179 --> 00:13:15.370 Recorded by al-Bukhari. 00:13:15.370 --> 00:13:18.139 Among the benefits of this hadith: 00:13:18.139 --> 00:13:22.460 The true fasting person is one whose limbs refrain from sins. 00:13:22.460 --> 00:13:26.460 Whose tongue refrains from lying, obscenity, and false speech. 00:13:26.460 --> 00:13:29.460 Whose stomach refrains from food and drink. 00:13:29.460 --> 00:13:32.940 And whose private parts refrain from sexual misconduct. 00:13:32.940 --> 00:13:34.940 If the fasting person speaks, 00:13:34.940 --> 00:13:37.940 he does not speak in a way that harms his fast. 00:13:37.940 --> 00:13:41.940 And if he acts, he does not do what would invalidate his fast. 00:13:41.940 --> 00:13:47.539 Many a fasting person gains nothing from his fast but hunger and thirst. 00:13:47.539 --> 00:13:52.639 Riyad al-Salihin.