WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:05.469 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.469 --> 00:00:07.469 A Abridgment of the Book: 00:00:07.469 --> 00:00:09.470 Ramadan: 00:00:09.470 --> 00:00:11.470 Events and Lessons. 00:00:11.470 --> 00:00:17.679 The Obligation of Zakat al-Fitr. 00:00:17.679 --> 00:00:19.679 The Time of Its Enactment: 00:00:19.679 --> 00:00:21.679 Towards the end of the month of Ramadan, 00:00:21.679 --> 00:00:23.679 two days before Eid, 00:00:23.679 --> 00:00:26.679 in the second year of the Hijrah. 00:00:26.679 --> 00:00:32.299 Zakat al-Fitr, or Sadaqat al-Fitr, 00:00:32.299 --> 00:00:36.299 is one of the acts of worship that follow the fast of the month of Ramadan. 00:00:36.299 --> 00:00:41.299 It is an expression of the diversification of acts of worship during Ramadan, 00:00:41.299 --> 00:00:45.299 alongside fasting, prayer, remembrance of Allah, and Qur'an recitation. 00:00:45.299 --> 00:00:48.299 It serves to rectify crooked behavior, 00:00:48.299 --> 00:00:50.299 correct bad character, 00:00:50.299 --> 00:00:53.299 and show benevolence and mercy toward the needy. 00:00:53.299 --> 00:00:55.399 Zakat al-Fitr 00:00:55.399 --> 00:00:59.399 is the zakat made obligatory due to breaking the fast of Ramadan. 00:00:59.399 --> 00:01:01.399 It is also defined as: 00:01:01.399 --> 00:01:08.400 a Muslim giving a needy person a *sa'* of the staple food of the region to cover their sustenance for the day of Eid. 00:01:08.400 --> 00:01:12.230 The Date of Its Enactment: 00:01:12.230 --> 00:01:17.230 It was made obligatory in the second year of the Hijrah, during Ramadan, 00:01:17.230 --> 00:01:19.230 two days before Eid. 00:01:19.230 --> 00:01:25.379 Wisdoms and Rulings Pertaining to Zakat al-Fitr: 00:01:25.379 --> 00:01:28.579 First: Its Underlying Wisdom. 00:01:28.579 --> 00:01:32.579 Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) narrated: 00:01:32.579 --> 00:01:37.579 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) ordained Zakat al-Fitr 00:01:37.579 --> 00:01:41.579 as a purification for the fasting person from idle talk and obscene language, 00:01:41.579 --> 00:01:44.579 and as food for the needy. 00:01:44.579 --> 00:01:46.579 Whoever pays it before the Eid prayer, 00:01:46.579 --> 00:01:49.579 it is an accepted zakat; 00:01:49.579 --> 00:01:51.579 and whoever pays it after the prayer, 00:01:51.579 --> 00:01:55.640 it is merely a charity among charities." 00:01:55.640 --> 00:01:57.640 In this hadith, 00:01:57.640 --> 00:02:00.640 two wisdoms for Sadaqat al-Fitr are mentioned: 00:02:00.640 --> 00:02:03.640 the first pertains to the giver, 00:02:03.640 --> 00:02:06.859 and the second pertains to the recipient. 00:02:06.859 --> 00:02:10.860 As for the giver, shortcomings may occur during their fast 00:02:10.860 --> 00:02:14.860 due to idle, coarse, false, or indecent speech— 00:02:14.860 --> 00:02:17.860 which constitutes idle talk and obscenity. 00:02:17.860 --> 00:02:19.860 Thus, Zakat al-Fitr intervenes 00:02:19.860 --> 00:02:22.860 to purify the fasting person from this foulness, 00:02:22.860 --> 00:02:27.219 so that their fast remains free of deficiency. 00:02:27.219 --> 00:02:29.219 As for the recipient, 00:02:29.219 --> 00:02:34.219 they benefit from the food, which spares them from having to seek labor on the day of Eid, 00:02:34.219 --> 00:02:37.219 allowing them to rejoice just as other people rejoice, 00:02:37.219 --> 00:02:40.219 sitting among their family and children 00:02:40.219 --> 00:02:42.219 because their basic needs are met. 00:02:42.219 --> 00:02:44.789 Second: 00:02:44.789 --> 00:02:47.789 Its Legal Ruling and Upon Whom It Is Obligatory. 00:02:48.080 --> 00:02:53.080 Zakat al-Fitr is an individual obligation (*fard 'ayn*) upon every Muslim, 00:02:53.080 --> 00:02:56.080 whether male or female, 00:02:56.080 --> 00:02:58.080 young or old, 00:02:58.080 --> 00:03:00.080 free or enslaved, 00:03:00.080 --> 00:03:04.080 rich or poor—provided they possess food beyond their needs for the night of Eid 00:03:04.080 --> 00:03:07.080 and the day of Eid, for themselves and their dependents. 00:03:07.080 --> 00:03:10.180 This ruling is substantiated by 00:03:10.180 --> 00:03:13.180 the hadith of Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), who said: 00:03:13.180 --> 00:03:17.180 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) ordained 00:03:17.180 --> 00:03:19.180 Zakat al-Fitr 00:03:19.180 --> 00:03:22.180 as a *sa'* of dates or a *sa'* of barley 00:03:22.180 --> 00:03:24.180 upon every slave and free person, 00:03:24.180 --> 00:03:26.180 male and female, 00:03:26.180 --> 00:03:30.180 young and old among the Muslims." 00:03:30.180 --> 00:03:32.370 Third: 00:03:32.370 --> 00:03:34.370 The Prerequisite of a Minimum Threshold (*Nisab*). 00:03:34.370 --> 00:03:36.560 The majority of jurists— 00:03:36.560 --> 00:03:40.560 including the Malikis, Shafi'is, and Hanbalis— 00:03:40.560 --> 00:03:42.560 held that Sadaqat al-Fitr 00:03:42.560 --> 00:03:45.560 is obligatory upon anyone who is able to afford it, 00:03:45.560 --> 00:03:48.560 and possessing a *nisab* is not a prerequisite for its obligation. 00:03:48.560 --> 00:03:51.560 Rather, its threshold is that a Muslim possesses 00:03:51.560 --> 00:03:55.560 surplus food beyond their own sustenance and the sustenance of those they are obligated to support 00:03:55.560 --> 00:03:58.560 for the night of Eid and its day. 00:03:58.560 --> 00:04:01.560 This is proven by the hadith of 'Abdullah ibn Tha'labah 00:04:01.560 --> 00:04:04.560 (or Tha'labah ibn 'Abdullah ibn Abi S'ir), 00:04:04.560 --> 00:04:07.560 from his father (may Allah be pleased with him), who reported that 00:04:07.560 --> 00:04:11.560 the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:04:11.560 --> 00:04:14.560 "A *sa'* of wheat or grain 00:04:14.560 --> 00:04:17.560 is due from every young or old, 00:04:17.560 --> 00:04:19.560 free person or slave, 00:04:19.560 --> 00:04:21.560 male or female, 00:04:21.560 --> 00:04:23.560 rich or poor. 00:04:23.560 --> 00:04:25.620 As for the rich among you, 00:04:25.620 --> 00:04:27.620 Allah will purify them; 00:04:27.620 --> 00:04:29.620 and as for the poor among you, 00:04:29.620 --> 00:04:31.620 Allah will grant them in return 00:04:31.620 --> 00:04:33.620 far more than what they have given." 00:04:33.620 --> 00:04:36.139 Fourth: 00:04:36.139 --> 00:04:39.139 The Types of Food from Which It May Be Given. 00:04:39.139 --> 00:04:43.490 Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) reported: 00:04:43.490 --> 00:04:47.490 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) ordained 00:04:47.490 --> 00:04:48.490 Zakat al-Fitr 00:04:48.490 --> 00:04:50.490 as a *sa'* of dates 00:04:50.490 --> 00:04:52.490 or a *sa'* of barley 00:04:52.490 --> 00:04:54.490 upon the slave and the free, 00:04:54.490 --> 00:04:56.490 male and female, 00:04:56.490 --> 00:04:58.490 young and old 00:04:58.490 --> 00:05:00.490 among the Muslims." 00:05:00.490 --> 00:05:03.899 And Abu Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: 00:05:03.899 --> 00:05:06.899 "We used to give Zakat al-Fitr 00:05:06.899 --> 00:05:10.899 during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:05:10.899 --> 00:05:12.899 as a *sa'* of food, 00:05:12.899 --> 00:05:14.899 or a *sa'* of barley, 00:05:14.899 --> 00:05:16.899 or a *sa'* of dates, 00:05:16.899 --> 00:05:18.899 or a *sa'* of raisins, 00:05:18.899 --> 00:05:21.899 or a *sa'* of dried yogurt (*aqit*)." 00:05:21.899 --> 00:05:25.319 In these two hadiths, 00:05:25.319 --> 00:05:27.319 several food types were mentioned: 00:05:27.319 --> 00:05:29.319 dates, barley, 00:05:29.319 --> 00:05:32.319 raisins, dried yogurt, and wheat. 00:05:32.319 --> 00:05:34.379 What is evident 00:05:34.379 --> 00:05:37.379 is that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:05:37.379 --> 00:05:41.379 did not intend to restrict the payment strictly to these items; 00:05:41.379 --> 00:05:45.379 rather, he mentioned them as examples of common staple foods, 00:05:45.379 --> 00:05:47.379 as those items were 00:05:47.379 --> 00:05:49.379 the primary food staples of the people at that time. 00:05:49.379 --> 00:05:52.379 Therefore, the governing factor is the prevailing staple food of a region: 00:05:52.379 --> 00:05:55.379 whatever constitutes a prevailing, permissible staple food 00:05:55.379 --> 00:05:57.379 may be given, 00:05:57.379 --> 00:06:00.379 while non-staples should not be given, 00:06:00.379 --> 00:06:02.379 whether from these specific types 00:06:02.379 --> 00:06:04.379 or others. 00:06:04.379 --> 00:06:06.540 Food staples vary 00:06:06.540 --> 00:06:08.540 according to time and place; 00:06:08.540 --> 00:06:11.540 in our era, there are staples 00:06:11.540 --> 00:06:13.540 that did not exist 00:06:13.540 --> 00:06:15.540 or were not common 00:06:15.540 --> 00:06:17.540 in past times, 00:06:17.540 --> 00:06:20.600 and vice versa. 00:06:20.600 --> 00:06:21.600 Fifth: 00:06:21.600 --> 00:06:25.819 Paying the Monetary Value for Zakat al-Fitr. 00:06:25.819 --> 00:06:27.819 A scholarly disagreement arose among jurists 00:06:27.819 --> 00:06:29.819 regarding the permissibility of paying monetary value 00:06:29.819 --> 00:06:32.819 instead of food for Zakat al-Fitr. 00:06:32.819 --> 00:06:33.819 The most correct view 00:06:33.819 --> 00:06:35.819 is that the giver of zakat should consider 00:06:35.819 --> 00:06:37.819 the best interest of the poor person 00:06:37.819 --> 00:06:40.819 to whom Zakat al-Fitr will be distributed. 00:06:40.819 --> 00:06:42.819 If they see that giving food 00:06:42.819 --> 00:06:44.819 is better for their situation, 00:06:44.819 --> 00:06:46.819 they should give them food; 00:06:46.819 --> 00:06:48.819 in doing so, they will have combined 00:06:48.819 --> 00:06:51.819 both the textual directive and the legal intent (*maqsid*) of the Shariah. 00:06:51.819 --> 00:06:53.819 For instance, if there is a shortage 00:06:53.819 --> 00:06:55.819 of food available to the poor person 00:06:55.819 --> 00:06:56.819 or in the market 00:06:56.819 --> 00:06:58.819 due to an economic crisis; 00:06:58.819 --> 00:07:00.819 or if the head of the household 00:07:00.819 --> 00:07:02.819 is someone who squanders money 00:07:02.819 --> 00:07:04.819 on unlawful matters or idle entertainment 00:07:04.819 --> 00:07:07.819 while their family is in dire need of food. 00:07:07.819 --> 00:07:09.860 Conversely, if they see that giving 00:07:09.860 --> 00:07:11.860 cash 00:07:11.860 --> 00:07:13.860 is more beneficial to the poor person and their family, 00:07:13.860 --> 00:07:14.860 they should give cash 00:07:14.860 --> 00:07:16.860 equivalent to the value of the prevailing staple food. 00:07:16.860 --> 00:07:18.860 For instance, if the poor person 00:07:18.860 --> 00:07:20.860 already has an abundance of food, 00:07:20.860 --> 00:07:22.860 but has a pressing need 00:07:22.860 --> 00:07:24.860 for cash currency 00:07:24.860 --> 00:07:26.860 to purchase cooking fuel, 00:07:26.860 --> 00:07:29.860 such as cooking gas, 00:07:29.860 --> 00:07:31.860 or to purchase meat for Eid, 00:07:31.860 --> 00:07:33.860 or if their need is 00:07:33.860 --> 00:07:36.860 to buy clothes for their children, 00:07:36.860 --> 00:07:38.860 or medication for their own healing 00:07:38.860 --> 00:07:40.860 or for a member of their family, 00:07:40.860 --> 00:07:43.860 or similar important necessities. 00:07:43.860 --> 00:07:45.860 In such cases, paying the monetary value 00:07:45.860 --> 00:07:47.860 directly fulfills the need of the poor, 00:07:47.860 --> 00:07:50.860 ensuring the charity reaches its proper target. 00:07:50.860 --> 00:07:52.860 And Allah knows best. 00:07:52.860 --> 00:07:55.939 Sixth: 00:07:55.939 --> 00:07:58.939 The Obligatory Amount Due Per Person. 00:07:58.939 --> 00:08:00.939 It has been narrated in the hadiths of Ibn 'Umar 00:08:00.939 --> 00:08:03.939 and Abu Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with them) 00:08:03.939 --> 00:08:06.939 that the required amount per person 00:08:06.939 --> 00:08:08.939 is one *sa'* of food. 00:08:08.939 --> 00:08:10.939 Ibn 'Umar stated: 00:08:10.939 --> 00:08:13.939 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) ordained 00:08:13.939 --> 00:08:15.939 Zakat al-Fitr 00:08:15.939 --> 00:08:19.939 as a *sa'* of dates or a *sa'* of barley." 00:08:19.939 --> 00:08:23.100 And Abu Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: 00:08:23.100 --> 00:08:25.100 "We used to give Zakat al-Fitr 00:08:25.100 --> 00:08:29.100 during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:08:29.100 --> 00:08:32.100 as a *sa'* of food." 00:08:32.100 --> 00:08:34.649 Seventh: 00:08:34.649 --> 00:08:36.809 The Time of Obligation. 00:08:36.809 --> 00:08:40.809 It becomes obligatory at sunset on the last day of the month of Ramadan, 00:08:40.809 --> 00:08:42.809 based on the statement of Ibn 'Abbas: 00:08:42.809 --> 00:08:45.809 "The Prophet (peace be upon him) 00:08:45.809 --> 00:08:47.809 ordained Zakat al-Fitr 00:08:47.809 --> 00:08:51.809 as a purification for the fasting person from idle talk and obscene language," 00:08:51.809 --> 00:08:53.809 and the statement of Ibn 'Umar: 00:08:53.809 --> 00:08:56.809 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) ordained 00:08:56.809 --> 00:08:58.809 the Zakat of breaking the fast (*Zakat al-Fitr*)." 00:08:58.809 --> 00:09:00.970 Breaking the fast of Ramadan 00:09:00.970 --> 00:09:03.970 It only takes effect with the setting of the sun 00:09:03.970 --> 00:09:05.970 on the eve of Eid. 00:09:05.970 --> 00:09:08.029 Because it is attributed to *fitr* (breaking the fast), 00:09:08.029 --> 00:09:12.029 it becomes obligatory on its account, just like the zakat on wealth (*zakat al-mal*). 00:09:12.029 --> 00:09:16.029 This is because such attribution indicates a specific association, 00:09:16.029 --> 00:09:20.029 and the underlying cause is more specifically tied to its ruling than anything else. 00:09:20.029 --> 00:09:22.220 Eighth: 00:09:22.220 --> 00:09:24.220 The time of payment. 00:09:24.220 --> 00:09:28.600 The preferred scholarly view regarding the time of paying zakat al-fitr 00:09:28.600 --> 00:09:30.600 is as follows: 00:09:30.600 --> 00:09:31.600 First: 00:09:31.600 --> 00:09:34.600 Distributing it before the Eid prayer 00:09:34.600 --> 00:09:37.600 is obligatory for anyone who has not distributed it prior to that. 00:09:37.600 --> 00:09:39.600 Second: 00:09:39.600 --> 00:09:43.600 Distributing it a day or two before Eid 00:09:43.600 --> 00:09:46.600 is a period of permissibility, choice, and precaution. 00:09:46.600 --> 00:09:48.600 It is permissible, 00:09:48.600 --> 00:09:50.600 for in the previously mentioned hadith of Ibn 'Umar, 00:09:50.600 --> 00:09:52.600 Nafi' said: 00:09:52.600 --> 00:09:56.600 "They used to give it a day or two before the fast-breaking." 00:09:56.600 --> 00:09:59.600 This reference to "they" implies all of the Companions, 00:09:59.600 --> 00:10:01.600 thus constituting a consensus (*ijma'*). 00:10:01.600 --> 00:10:04.600 Furthermore, advancing it by this short duration 00:10:04.600 --> 00:10:07.600 does not defeat its intended purpose, 00:10:07.600 --> 00:10:12.600 as it usually remains—or at least part of it remains—until the day of Eid, 00:10:12.600 --> 00:10:16.629 thereby enriching the poor so they need not wander and beg on that day. 00:10:16.629 --> 00:10:17.629 Third: 00:10:17.629 --> 00:10:21.629 The opinion that permits paying it from the middle of Ramadan, 00:10:21.629 --> 00:10:23.629 the beginning of Ramadan, 00:10:23.629 --> 00:10:26.629 or even a year or more before Ramadan, 00:10:26.629 --> 00:10:28.629 is a weak opinion. 00:10:28.629 --> 00:10:32.629 This is due to the hadith of Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), who said: 00:10:32.629 --> 00:10:37.629 "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) commanded that zakat al-fitr 00:10:37.629 --> 00:10:41.629 be delivered before the people go out to the prayer." 00:10:41.629 --> 00:10:43.629 A command denotes obligation, 00:10:43.629 --> 00:10:46.629 and paying it too far in advance 00:10:46.629 --> 00:10:50.629 fails to ensure that the poor are enriched specifically on the day of Eid. 00:10:50.629 --> 00:10:53.629 This is because the cause of its obligation is the breaking of the fast of Ramadan, 00:10:53.629 --> 00:10:56.629 not the commencement of Ramadan, 00:10:56.629 --> 00:10:59.629 as evidenced by its construct attribution to *fitr* (fast-breaking). 00:10:59.629 --> 00:11:02.629 As for analogizing it to zakat al-mal, 00:11:02.629 --> 00:11:05.629 it is a flawed analogy with a significant disparity (*qiyas ma'a al-fariq*). 00:11:05.629 --> 00:11:08.629 The cause for zakat al-mal is reaching the minimum threshold of wealth (*nisab*), 00:11:08.629 --> 00:11:13.629 and its purpose is to sustain the poor throughout the entire year, 00:11:13.629 --> 00:11:16.629 making it permissible to pay it at any point during the year. 00:11:16.629 --> 00:11:18.629 In contrast, zakat al-fitr 00:11:18.629 --> 00:11:20.629 aims specifically at 00:11:20.629 --> 00:11:23.629 enriching the poor during a designated time; 00:11:23.629 --> 00:11:26.629 hence, it is not permissible to pay it before that designated time. 00:11:26.629 --> 00:11:29.629 However, if it is collected from the people 00:11:29.629 --> 00:11:32.629 starting from the beginning or middle of Ramadan 00:11:32.629 --> 00:11:35.629 by a specific individual or organization 00:11:35.629 --> 00:11:38.629 in order to organize its distribution to those who deserve it, 00:11:38.629 --> 00:11:40.629 there is no harm in that, 00:11:40.629 --> 00:11:43.629 provided that it reaches the poor person 00:11:43.629 --> 00:11:45.629 shortly before the Eid prayer, 00:11:45.629 --> 00:11:48.629 or a day or two before Eid. 00:11:48.629 --> 00:11:50.759 Fourth: 00:11:50.759 --> 00:11:52.759 Distributing it after the Eid prayer 00:11:52.759 --> 00:11:55.759 without a valid Islamically recognized excuse 00:11:55.759 --> 00:11:57.759 renders it non-fulfilling of the obligation; 00:11:57.759 --> 00:12:00.759 it then counts merely as a general charity, 00:12:00.759 --> 00:12:03.759 and the person sins for the delay. 00:12:03.759 --> 00:12:06.759 This is because discharging it after the prayer 00:12:06.759 --> 00:12:08.759 defeats part of the intended objective, 00:12:08.759 --> 00:12:11.759 which is to enrich the poor on this specific day; 00:12:11.759 --> 00:12:13.759 thus, sufficiency is not achieved for them 00:12:13.759 --> 00:12:15.759 until after the prayer has concluded. 00:12:15.759 --> 00:12:18.759 Anyone who intends to give to them to make them self-sufficient 00:12:18.759 --> 00:12:21.759 must ensure it is delivered 00:12:21.759 --> 00:12:23.759 before the prayer, 00:12:23.759 --> 00:12:25.759 so that the joy of this day 00:12:25.759 --> 00:12:27.759 encompasses everyone. 00:12:27.759 --> 00:12:30.299 Ninth: 00:12:30.299 --> 00:12:32.299 The place of its distribution. 00:12:32.299 --> 00:12:34.659 The jurists have agreed 00:12:34.659 --> 00:12:36.659 that zakat al-fitr 00:12:36.659 --> 00:12:38.659 is to be paid where the giver is physically located— 00:12:38.659 --> 00:12:41.659 meaning in the town where the person is present 00:12:41.659 --> 00:12:43.659 at the moment zakat al-fitr becomes obligatory 00:12:43.659 --> 00:12:45.659 while residing there. 00:12:45.659 --> 00:12:47.659 Because it is a zakat on the physical self, 00:12:47.659 --> 00:12:50.659 it follows the location of the body. 00:12:50.659 --> 00:12:52.659 Accordingly, 00:12:52.659 --> 00:12:55.659 if someone is in Mecca at the end of Ramadan, 00:12:55.659 --> 00:12:58.659 even if he is not a resident of Mecca, 00:12:58.659 --> 00:13:00.659 he pays it in Mecca, 00:13:00.659 --> 00:13:03.659 while his family pays it on their own behalf 00:13:03.659 --> 00:13:05.659 in their home country. 00:13:05.659 --> 00:13:08.690 This is the default rule regarding zakat al-fitr. 00:13:08.690 --> 00:13:11.690 However, it is permissible to transfer it to a town 00:13:11.690 --> 00:13:13.690 other than that of the payer 00:13:13.690 --> 00:13:15.690 where it became obligatory, 00:13:15.690 --> 00:13:17.690 if there are no poor people in the place 00:13:17.690 --> 00:13:19.690 where it fell due. 00:13:19.690 --> 00:13:21.690 It has also been said that it may be transferred 00:13:21.690 --> 00:13:24.690 if those elsewhere are in far greater need 00:13:24.690 --> 00:13:27.690 than the people of the town where it became due, 00:13:27.690 --> 00:13:29.750 though the first view is more correct. 00:13:29.750 --> 00:13:31.750 In summary, 00:13:31.750 --> 00:13:34.750 zakat al-fitr shares the same ruling as zakat al-mal 00:13:34.750 --> 00:13:36.750 regarding its transfer to another location. 00:13:36.750 --> 00:13:39.259 And Allah knows best. 00:13:39.259 --> 00:13:41.259 Tenth: 00:13:41.259 --> 00:13:43.360 Its eligible beneficiaries. 00:13:43.360 --> 00:13:45.360 The preferred opinion is that it is designated exclusively 00:13:45.360 --> 00:13:47.360 for the poor and the needy, 00:13:47.360 --> 00:13:53.629 to the exclusion of the other categories of zakat recipients. 00:13:53.629 --> 00:13:57.629 Ramadan: Events and Lessons.