In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Treasures of the Prophetic biography (Seerah).
Graves and mosques.
The expansion of the mosque took place during the era of al-Walid Ibn 'Abd al-Malik.
Consequently, the grave of the Prophet (peace be upon him) was incorporated into the mosque.
As is the case now.
Here, we must draw attention to this issue.
Namely, the ruling regarding the presence of a grave within a mosque.
We must know.
That it is not permissible to build a mosque over a grave.
Nor is it permissible to bury a deceased person inside a mosque.
If a mosque is built over a grave.
Then that mosque was not founded upon piety.
Therefore, the mosque must be demolished.
And if a deceased person is buried in a mosque.
It is not permissible.
The grave must be exhumed.
And the deceased must be removed from the mosque.
As for the grave of the Prophet (peace be upon him), he did not build his mosque over his grave; rather, his mosque was established before he passed away—indeed, he was the one who built it. Furthermore, the Prophet was not buried in the mosque, but rather in the house of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her).
It is narrated in the famous hadith from the Prophet (peace be upon him) that he said:
"Between my house and my pulpit is a garden from the gardens of Paradise."
Some narrate it with the wording:
"Between my grave and my pulpit."
This version is not authentic.
Some only narrated it according to the meaning.
Therefore, the scholars do not say:
"The mosque must be demolished."
Or, "The grave of the Prophet (peace be upon him) must be exhumed."
For that would be a grave error.
What actually happened.
Was that the mosque was expanded, and the grave became enclosed within the mosque.
And what has been done now.
Of isolating the grave and placing it to the side of the mosque.
Is the absolute correct course of action.
As the grave is now located in one of the sides of the mosque.
And not inside it, as was the case previously.
We ask Allah, the Almighty.
To unite us with His Prophet (peace be upon him).
In the abode of His mercy.
And to shield us from the Fire through the blessing of following him.
And to forgive us and all of his Ummah.
Amin, Amin, Amin.
May the peace, blessings, and salutations of Allah be upon our Prophet Muhammad.
As often as those who remember him mention him.
And as often as the heedless neglect to mention him.
And our final prayer is that all praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds.
These are the Prophetic characteristics (Shama'il) of the Messenger (peace be upon him).
As explained by the people of knowledge.
Muhammad, Ahmad, al-Mahi (the Effacer), al-Hashir (the Gatherer), and al-'Aqib (the Successor).
On the authority of Jubayr Ibn Mut'im (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say:
"I have names: I am Muhammad, and I am Ahmad.
I am al-Mahi, through whom Allah effaces disbelief.
I am al-Hashir, before whom people will be gathered.
And I am al-'Aqib, after whom there is no one."
Indeed, the names of Allah, the Blessed and Exalted.
The names of the Great Qur'an, and the names of the Noble Prophet.
Are not mere labels; rather, they all point to meanings.
Among the names of Allah, the Almighty:
Allah, al-Malik (the King), al-Quddus (the Holy), al-Jabbar (the Compeller), al-'Aziz (the Mighty), al-Rahman (the Most Merciful).
And many others.
These names are derived from attributes inherent to Allah, the Blessed and Exalted.
Which necessitate praise and perfection for Him.
His name, Allah, is the Ma'luh.
Meaning the One worshipped out of love, fear, and hope.
His name, al-Malik, means He is the King.
His name, al-Quddus.
Means He is the Holy, free from every deficiency and fault.
He is al-Jabbar, meaning the Powerful, Glorified and Exalted is He.
And al-'Aziz, whom nothing can frustrate.
Nothing can escape Him.
And nothing can overcome Him.
And He is al-Rahman, whose mercy encompasses all things.
The Noble Qur'an is likewise.
Its names include al-Nur al-Mubin (the Clear Light).
Al-Shifa' (the Healing), al-Kitab (the Book), and al-Furqan (the Criterion).
And others.
All of which are names indicating the meanings of this Book.
Likewise, the Messenger (peace be upon him).
His names are Muhammad and Ahmad.
And al-Mahi, al-Hashir, and al-'Aqib.
All these names indicate meanings.
From this, a matter becomes clear to us, which is:
That what has appeared in some books or from some people.
Mentioning that among the names of the Prophet (peace be upon him).
Are Ta-Ha and Ya-Sin, is not correct.
This is because Ta-Ha and Ya-Sin, according to the correct view.
Are among the letters that begin certain chapters.
Like the saying of the Almighty in some chapters:
Nun, Qaf, and Sad.
And Kaf-Ha-Ya-'Ayn-Sad.
And Alif-Lam-Mim.
The same applies to Ya-Sin and Ta-Ha.
That is why Ta-Ha is written with only two letters.
If it were a name, it would be written as 'al-Taha'.
Just as 'Nun' was written in the saying of the Almighty:
"Dhu al-Nun" (the man of the fish).
Which is different from the 'Nun' at the beginning of Surah al-Qalam.
That is why the Noble Qur'an was mentioned after it.
"Ta-Ha. We have not sent down to you the Qur'an that you be distressed."
These letters, according to the correct view of the scholars.
Have no meaning in themselves.
Rather, they have a significance.
Which is that this Noble Qur'an.
Is composed of these letters that they speak with.
And that Allah challenges them to produce a Qur'an.
Composed of these letters.
The same applies to Ya-Sin.
When the saying of Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, came:
“And lo! Elias was of those sent (to warn),” (37:123)
“When he said unto his folk: Will ye not ward off (evil)?” (37:124)
“Will ye cry unto Baal and forsake the Best of creators,” (37:125)
“Allah, your Lord and Lord of your forefathers?” (37:126)
"So they denied him, and indeed, they will be brought [for punishment]."
"Except the chosen servants of Allah."
"And We left for him [favorable mention] among the later generations."
"Peace be upon Ilyasin."
And it is written as 'Yasin'.
Which differs from the one written at the beginning of Surah Yasin.
That is why it says: "Yasin. By the wise Qur'an."
Emphasizing the mention of the Noble Qur'an.
What adds to the significance of all this.
Is that Ta-Ha has no meaning, nor is it a description.
Nor is it a praise for the Prophet (peace be upon him).
But the most that has been said regarding the meaning of Ta-Ha.
Is that it means 'O man' or 'Ta-Ha' (tread the earth).
And this is not a praise for the Prophet (peace be upon him).
Likewise, Yasin is not a praise.
Treasures of the Prophetic biography (Seerah).
The lineage of the Prophet (peace be upon him).
Ibn al-Qayyim said:
He is the best of the people of the earth, absolutely.
For his lineage is at the highest peak of nobility.
Even his enemies testified to that for him.
That is why his enemy testified to it.
At that time, before the King of Rome.
When he came to him and said:
"What is his lineage among you?"
Abu Sufyan said:
"He is of the most noble lineage among us."
The most noble of the people is his people.
The most noble of the tribes is his tribe.
And the most noble of the clans is his clan.
He is Muhammad Ibn 'Abd Allah Ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib.
Ibn Hashim Ibn 'Abd Manaf Ibn Qusayy.
Ibn Kilab Ibn Murrah Ibn Ka'b.
Ibn Lu'ayy Ibn Ghalib Ibn Fihr.
Ibn Malik Ibn al-Nadr Ibn Kinanah.
Ibn Khuzaymah Ibn Mudrikah Ibn Ilyas.
Ibn Mudar Ibn Nizar Ibn Ma'add Ibn 'Adnan.
This lineage is agreed upon among the genealogists.
There is no disagreement among them.
And 'Adnan is from the descendants of Isma'il (peace be upon him).
And Isma'il is the son of Ibrahim (peace be upon them both).
On the authority of al-Ash'ath Ibn Qays, who said:
I came to Medina with the delegation of Kindah.
And they did not consider me the best of them.
I said, "O Messenger of Allah,
Are you not from us?"
He said, "No, we are the sons of al-Nadr Ibn Kinanah.
We do not deny our mother.
Nor do we disown our father."
And al-Ash'ath used to say:
"I will not be brought a man who disowns a man from Quraysh.
From al-Nadr Ibn Kinanah.
Except that I will inflict the prescribed punishment upon him."
Treasures of the Prophetic biography (Seerah).
His children (peace be upon him).
The first of his children was al-Qasim.
And he was known by his name (Abu al-Qasim).
And Zaynab and Ruqayyah.
And Umm Kulthum.
And Fatimah and 'Abd Allah.
All of these were from Khadijah (may Allah be pleased with her).
Al-Qasim and 'Abd Allah died in childhood.
As for his daughters.
They all married during his lifetime (peace be upon him).
But they passed away during his lifetime.
Except for Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her).
For she passed away after the Messenger (peace be upon him).
By six months, according to the correct view.
He also had a son (peace be upon him).
Ibrahim.
From his concubine, Mariyah al-Qibtiyyah.
Whom al-Muqawqis gifted to him.
In the eighth year of the Hijrah.
And he died as an infant before weaning.
And Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her).
Is the best of the Prophet's daughters, absolutely.
That is why the Prophet (peace be upon him) said about her:
"The leader of the women of the people of Paradise."
Treasures of the Prophetic biography (Seerah).
His wives (peace be upon him).
Khadijah Bint Khuwaylid.
The Qurayshiyyah al-Asadiyyah.
He married her before his Prophethood.
When she was forty years old.
And it is said twenty-eight years old.
And he did not marry anyone else while she was alive until she died.
She was the one who supported the Prophet (peace be upon him).
At the beginning of the call.
And struggled alongside him.
She supported him with her own self and her wealth.
Allah sent her greetings through Jibril.
She passed away before the Prophet’s migration, peace be upon him,
by three years.
The Prophet, peace be upon him, gave her the glad tidings
of a house in Paradise.
Sawdah bint Zam'ah al-Qurashiyyah.
He married her after Khadijah.
'A'ishah bint Abi Bakr.
The truthful woman, daughter of the truthful man.
The one exonerated from above seven heavens.
She is the beloved of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him.
The angel presented her to him before he married her,
in a silk cloth.
He said, "This is your wife."
He did not marry any other virgin besides her.
No revelation descended upon him while he was under the cover of any other wife but her.
She was the most beloved of all creation to him, peace be upon him.
Her exoneration descended from the heavens.
The Ummah has reached a consensus on the disbelief of the one who slanders her.
She is the most learned in fiqh among his wives and the most knowledgeable of them.
Rather, she is the most learned in fiqh and the most knowledgeable of all the women of the Ummah, absolutely.
The elders among the Companions of the Prophet, peace be upon him,
would refer to her opinion and seek her legal rulings.
Hafsah bint 'Umar ibn al-Khattab al-'Adawiyyah al-Qurashiyyah.
The Prophet, peace be upon him, divorced her.
Then Jibril descended and said, "Do not divorce her,
for she is one who fasts often and prays much at night,
and she is your wife in Paradise."
Zaynab bint Khuzaymah ibn al-Harith al-Qaysiyyah.
She is called the Mother of the Poor.
Umm Salamah.
Hind bint Abi Umayyah al-Qurashiyyah al-Makhzumiyyah.
She was the last of his wives to die.
When the Prophet, peace be upon him, proposed to her,
she apologized, saying she was jealous, had children, and was elderly.
The Prophet, peace be upon him, said,
"As for the jealousy, Allah will remove it.
As for what you mentioned about age,
I have been afflicted with what you have been afflicted with.
And as for what you mentioned about the children,
your children are my children."
Zaynab bint Jahsh.
She is from the tribe of Banu Asad ibn Khuzaymah.
She is the daughter of his paternal aunt, Umaymah.
Concerning her, the words of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, were revealed:
“And when thou saidst unto him on whom Allah hath conferred favour and thou hast conferred favour: Keep thy wife to thyself, and fear Allah. And thou didst hide in thy mind that which Allah was to bring to light, and thou didst fear mankind whereas Allah hath a better right that thou shouldst fear Him. So when Zeyd had performed that necessary formality (of divorce) from her, We gave her unto thee in marriage, so that (henceforth) there may be no sin for believers in respect of wives of their adopted sons, when the latter have performed the necessary formality (of release) from them. The commandment of Allah must be fulfilled.” (33:37)
"We married her to you."
She used to boast to the other wives of the Prophet, peace be upon him,
and say,
"Your families married you off,
but Allah married me off from above seven heavens."
Juwayriyah bint al-Harith al-Mustaliqiyyah.
She was the most blessed woman for her people,
as they were all set free because of her.
Umm Habibah.
Ramlah bint Abi Sufyan al-Qurashiyyah al-Umawiyyah.
He married her while she was in Abyssinia.
The Negus paid her dowry,
400 dinars.
Safiyyah bint Huyayy ibn Akhtab.
A descendant of the tribe of Banu al-Nadir.
She is from the lineage of the Prophet of Allah, Harun, peace be upon him.
Thus, she is the daughter of a prophet and the wife of a prophet.
Maymunah bint al-Harith al-Hilaliyyah.
She was the last woman the Prophet, peace be upon him, married.
He married her during the 'Umrat al-Qada',
in the seventh year of the Hijrah.
Treasures of the Seerah.
The wisdom behind his multiple marriages.
Firstly,
the Prophet, peace be upon him,
never married a virgin at all,
except for 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her.
In fact, Khadijah, may Allah be pleased with her, the Mother of the Believers,
was previously married.
Furthermore, the Prophet, peace be upon him,
did not marry anyone else while she was alive until she passed away.
At that time, the Prophet had reached fifty years of age.
There is no doubt that when a person reaches fifty years of age,
his desire weakens.
Secondly,
all the women he married
were either divorced or widows,
except for 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with them.
His marriage to them had a great wisdom,
which is that they would spread from the Prophet, peace be upon him,
what occurred within the home,
which the Ummah would follow after him.
There are other wisdoms,
but this is not the place to detail them.
Treasures of the Seerah.
The Seal of his Prophethood, peace be upon him.
The Seal of Prophethood, as mentioned by al-Sa'ib ibn Yazid, may Allah be pleased with him,
who said:
"I went with my maternal aunt to the Prophet, peace be upon him.
She said, 'O Messenger of Allah,
my sister's son is in pain.'
He wiped my head and prayed for blessing for me.
Then he performed wudu',
and I drank from his leftover water.
Then I stood behind his back,
and I looked at his seal between his shoulders,
like the button of a canopy."
Simak heard Jabir ibn Samurah say:
"The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, had a round face,
like the sun and the moon.
I saw the Seal of Prophethood between his shoulders like a pigeon's egg,
matching his body color."
On the authority of Salman al-Farisi, may Allah be pleased with him, he said:
"I came to the Prophet, peace be upon him,
and he cast his cloak toward me and said,
'Look at what you were commanded to see.'
He said:
'I saw the seal between his shoulders like a pigeon's egg.'"
Treasures of the Seerah.
Treasures of the Seerah.