WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:09.779 Riyad al-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:09.779 --> 00:00:14.220 Chapter: The Virtue of Jihad. 00:00:14.220 --> 00:00:20.039 Narrated Salamah Ibn al-Akwa‘, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:00:20.039 --> 00:00:26.070 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed by a group of people who were practicing archery. 00:00:26.070 --> 00:00:33.070 He said, "Shoot, O children of Isma‘il, for your father was an archer." 00:00:34.259 --> 00:00:36.259 Narrated by al-Bukhari. 00:00:36.259 --> 00:00:38.490 "Practicing archery" (yantadilun): 00:00:38.490 --> 00:00:41.490 Meaning they were shooting arrows at a target to compete. 00:00:41.490 --> 00:00:45.640 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:00:45.640 --> 00:00:48.640 An ancestor can be referred to as "father." 00:00:48.640 --> 00:00:56.149 For the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, attributed them to Isma‘il, peace be upon him. 00:00:56.149 --> 00:00:59.149 Commending one who is skilled in their craft. 00:00:59.149 --> 00:01:01.149 By highlighting their excellence. 00:01:01.149 --> 00:01:04.500 And comforting the hearts of those who are less skilled. 00:01:04.500 --> 00:01:08.500 The excellent character of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:01:08.500 --> 00:01:11.790 And his knowledge of matters of warfare. 00:01:11.790 --> 00:01:15.790 The desirability of following the praiseworthy traits of one's forefathers. 00:01:15.790 --> 00:01:18.140 And acting upon them. 00:01:18.140 --> 00:01:23.530 The excellent manners of the Companions toward the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:01:23.530 --> 00:01:25.530 The just leader: 00:01:25.530 --> 00:01:26.530 Looks after his Ummah. 00:01:26.530 --> 00:01:30.530 And encourages them to learn what benefits them. 00:01:30.530 --> 00:01:37.810 And encourages them to learn the arts of war to defend their religion. 00:01:37.810 --> 00:01:41.810 Narrated ‘Amr Ibn ‘Abasah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:01:41.810 --> 00:01:46.840 I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say: 00:01:46.840 --> 00:01:49.840 "Whoever shoots an arrow in the way of Allah, 00:01:49.840 --> 00:01:52.900 It is for him equivalent to freeing a slave." 00:01:52.900 --> 00:01:57.609 Narrated by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi. 00:01:57.609 --> 00:01:59.609 "Equivalent" (‘adl) means equal. 00:01:59.609 --> 00:02:01.609 "Freeing a slave" (muharriruhu): 00:02:01.609 --> 00:02:05.469 Means the emancipation of a neck. 00:02:05.469 --> 00:02:07.920 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:02:07.920 --> 00:02:11.919 Encouraging the Muslims to engage in Jihad in the way of Allah. 00:02:11.919 --> 00:02:17.169 And glorifying the matter of Jihad and the Mujahidin. 00:02:17.169 --> 00:02:19.169 Narrated Abu Yahya, 00:02:19.169 --> 00:02:23.169 Quraym Ibn Fatik, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:02:23.169 --> 00:02:27.199 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:02:27.199 --> 00:02:30.199 "Whoever spends in the way of Allah, 00:02:30.199 --> 00:02:33.419 It is recorded for him seven hundred times over." 00:02:33.419 --> 00:02:35.419 Narrated by al-Tirmidhi. 00:02:35.419 --> 00:02:38.099 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:02:38.099 --> 00:02:45.629 Spending in the way of Allah is multiplied up to seven hundred times. 00:02:45.629 --> 00:02:49.629 Narrated Abu Sa‘id, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:02:49.629 --> 00:02:53.659 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:02:53.659 --> 00:02:57.659 "There is no servant who fasts one day in the way of Allah, 00:02:57.659 --> 00:03:04.789 Except that Allah distances his face from the Fire by that day for seventy years." 00:03:04.789 --> 00:03:07.270 Agreed upon. 00:03:07.270 --> 00:03:10.270 Narrated Abu Umamah, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:03:10.270 --> 00:03:14.270 From the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said: 00:03:14.270 --> 00:03:17.270 "Whoever fasts one day in the way of Allah, 00:03:17.270 --> 00:03:21.270 Allah will place between him and the Fire a trench, 00:03:21.270 --> 00:03:24.270 Like that between the heavens and the earth." 00:03:24.270 --> 00:03:26.590 Narrated by al-Tirmidhi. 00:03:26.590 --> 00:03:31.060 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:03:31.060 --> 00:03:34.060 Some scholars interpret this hadith and others like it 00:03:34.060 --> 00:03:37.060 As referring to fasting on the battlefields. 00:03:37.060 --> 00:03:39.060 However, this is not the apparent meaning. 00:03:39.060 --> 00:03:41.060 For fasting, in any case, 00:03:41.060 --> 00:03:43.060 Is in the way of Allah. 00:03:43.060 --> 00:03:45.060 And the hadith is applied to this. 00:03:45.060 --> 00:03:48.580 Fasting on the battlefields of Jihad: 00:03:48.580 --> 00:03:52.580 If it affects the strength and energy of the soldiers, 00:03:52.580 --> 00:03:54.580 Then it is not recommended. 00:03:54.580 --> 00:04:00.460 Narrated Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:04:00.460 --> 00:04:04.460 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:04:04.460 --> 00:04:09.460 "Whoever dies without having fought, nor having resolved to fight, 00:04:09.460 --> 00:04:12.460 Dies upon a branch of hypocrisy." 00:04:12.460 --> 00:04:14.659 Narrated by Muslim. 00:04:14.659 --> 00:04:18.649 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:04:18.649 --> 00:04:22.649 The leader must urge his subjects to prepare for Jihad. 00:04:22.649 --> 00:04:28.100 And not to become accustomed to cowardice and fear of meeting the enemy. 00:04:28.100 --> 00:04:31.100 Sincerely resolving to engage in Jihad 00:04:31.100 --> 00:04:34.100 Elevates the servant to the station of the people of faith. 00:04:34.100 --> 00:04:37.100 And it contains the fact that the least of Jihad 00:04:37.100 --> 00:04:40.540 Is occupying one's thoughts and soul with it. 00:04:40.540 --> 00:04:44.540 Whoever does not resolve to engage in Jihad and does not fight, 00:04:44.540 --> 00:04:47.540 Possesses a trait of hypocrisy. 00:04:47.540 --> 00:04:52.699 Narrated Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:04:52.699 --> 00:04:57.699 We were with the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, on a military expedition, 00:04:57.699 --> 00:04:58.699 And he said: 00:04:58.699 --> 00:05:02.759 "Indeed, in Madinah there are men; you have not traveled a distance, 00:05:02.759 --> 00:05:04.759 Nor crossed a valley, 00:05:04.759 --> 00:05:07.759 But they were with you." 00:05:07.759 --> 00:05:09.759 They were held back by illness. 00:05:09.759 --> 00:05:13.920 In another narration: "They were held back by an excuse." 00:05:13.920 --> 00:05:17.920 In another narration: "Except that they shared in the reward with you." 00:05:17.920 --> 00:05:22.139 Narrated by al-Bukhari from the narration of Anas. 00:05:22.139 --> 00:05:25.139 And narrated by Muslim from the narration of Jabir. 00:05:25.139 --> 00:05:27.139 And the wording is his. 00:05:27.139 --> 00:05:30.560 Narrated Abu Musa, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:05:30.560 --> 00:05:35.560 That a Bedouin came to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and said: 00:05:35.560 --> 00:05:37.560 "O Messenger of Allah, 00:05:37.560 --> 00:05:40.589 A man fights for spoils, 00:05:40.589 --> 00:05:43.589 A man fights to be remembered, 00:05:43.589 --> 00:05:46.589 And a man fights to be seen in his place." 00:05:46.589 --> 00:05:48.689 In another narration: 00:05:48.689 --> 00:05:52.689 "He fights out of bravery, and he fights out of tribal zeal." 00:05:52.689 --> 00:05:54.779 In another narration: 00:05:54.779 --> 00:05:56.779 "And he fights out of anger." 00:05:56.779 --> 00:05:59.779 "So who is in the way of Allah?" 00:05:59.779 --> 00:06:03.939 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:06:03.939 --> 00:06:08.980 "Whoever fights so that the word of Allah may be supreme, 00:06:08.980 --> 00:06:10.980 He is in the way of Allah." 00:06:10.980 --> 00:06:13.199 Agreed upon. 00:06:13.199 --> 00:06:18.779 Narrated ‘Abdullah Ibn ‘Amr Ibn al-‘As, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 00:06:18.779 --> 00:06:22.899 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:06:23.899 --> 00:06:30.000 "There is no raiding party or army that goes out, takes spoils, and returns safely, 00:06:30.000 --> 00:06:34.000 But they have already received two-thirds of their rewards. 00:06:34.000 --> 00:06:39.160 And there is no raiding party or army that fails and is afflicted, 00:06:39.160 --> 00:06:42.160 But their rewards are complete." 00:06:42.160 --> 00:06:44.379 Narrated by Muslim. 00:06:44.379 --> 00:06:48.660 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:06:48.660 --> 00:06:51.660 If the warriors return safely or take spoils, 00:06:51.660 --> 00:06:57.660 Their reward is less than the reward of those who did not return safely, or returned safely but took no spoils. 00:06:57.660 --> 00:07:02.660 And that the spoils are in exchange for a portion of the reward of their fighting. 00:07:02.660 --> 00:07:04.660 So if they obtain them, 00:07:04.660 --> 00:07:09.660 They have received two-thirds of their reward resulting from the fighting. 00:07:09.660 --> 00:07:14.180 And these spoils are part of the total reward. 00:07:14.180 --> 00:07:19.180 This hadith is in agreement with the authentic, well-known hadiths from the Companions, 00:07:19.180 --> 00:07:21.180 In their saying: 00:07:21.180 --> 00:07:25.180 "Some of us died and did not consume anything of their reward, 00:07:25.180 --> 00:07:29.180 And some of us have had their fruit ripen, 00:07:29.180 --> 00:07:31.180 And they are harvesting it." 00:07:31.180 --> 00:07:33.779 Meaning: gathering it. 00:07:33.779 --> 00:07:35.779 The highest degrees of Jihad: 00:07:35.779 --> 00:07:38.779 Is for one who goes out and does not return. 00:07:38.779 --> 00:07:42.870 Narrated Abu Umamah, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:07:42.870 --> 00:07:45.870 That a man said: "O Messenger of Allah, 00:07:45.870 --> 00:07:48.870 Give me permission to travel as a monk." 00:07:48.870 --> 00:07:53.029 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:07:53.029 --> 00:07:55.029 "The monasticism of my Ummah 00:07:55.029 --> 00:07:59.290 Is Jihad in the way of Allah, the Almighty and Majestic." 00:07:59.290 --> 00:08:01.290 Narrated by Abu Dawud. 00:08:01.290 --> 00:08:04.180 "Monasticism" (siyahah): 00:08:04.180 --> 00:08:08.180 Leaving one's homeland and wandering the earth. 00:08:08.180 --> 00:08:11.139 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:08:12.430 --> 00:08:15.430 Wandering the earth is among the innovations of the Christians, 00:08:15.430 --> 00:08:17.879 Like monasticism. 00:08:17.879 --> 00:08:19.879 The monasticism of this Ummah 00:08:19.879 --> 00:08:21.879 Is guarding the frontiers, 00:08:21.879 --> 00:08:24.879 To defend the sanctuary of Islam, 00:08:24.879 --> 00:08:26.879 And to protect the community of the Muslims 00:08:26.879 --> 00:08:30.459 From the lurking enemies. 00:08:30.459 --> 00:08:33.460 Islam transforms prevailing concepts 00:08:33.460 --> 00:08:36.460 Into elements of construction and virtue, 00:08:36.460 --> 00:08:39.460 And cooperation in righteousness and piety. 00:08:39.460 --> 00:08:44.610 Narrated ‘Abdullah Ibn ‘Amr Ibn al-‘As, may Allah be pleased with them both, 00:08:44.610 --> 00:08:48.610 From the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said: 00:08:48.610 --> 00:08:51.610 "Returning is like going out." 00:08:51.610 --> 00:08:53.799 Narrated by Abu Dawud. 00:08:53.799 --> 00:08:55.929 "Returning" (al-qaflah): 00:08:55.929 --> 00:08:56.929 Coming back. 00:08:56.929 --> 00:08:58.929 And the intent is: 00:08:58.929 --> 00:09:01.929 Returning from the military expedition after its completion. 00:09:01.929 --> 00:09:06.929 Its meaning is that he is rewarded for his return after finishing the expedition. 00:09:08.889 --> 00:09:10.889 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:09:10.889 --> 00:09:17.179 The Mujahid in the way of Allah is rewarded and attains merit in both going and returning. 00:09:18.179 --> 00:09:23.200 Narrated al-Sa'ib Ibn Yazid, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:09:23.200 --> 00:09:28.230 When the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, returned from the expedition of Tabuk, 00:09:28.230 --> 00:09:30.230 The people met him, 00:09:30.230 --> 00:09:35.230 And I met him with the children at Thaniyat al-Wada‘. 00:09:35.230 --> 00:09:39.519 Narrated by Abu Dawud with this wording. 00:09:39.519 --> 00:09:42.620 And it was narrated by al-Bukhari, who said: 00:09:42.620 --> 00:09:51.620 "We went to meet the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, with the children at Thaniyat al-Wada‘." 00:09:51.620 --> 00:09:56.450 A "thaniyah" is an elevated place on the earth. 00:09:56.450 --> 00:10:02.450 And Thaniyat al-Wada‘ is a place near Madinah to its north. 00:10:02.450 --> 00:10:10.340 It was named that because the traveler is seen off and bid farewell there. 00:10:10.340 --> 00:10:12.340 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:10:12.340 --> 00:10:19.539 The desirability of welcoming the warriors upon their return from military expeditions and Jihad in the way of Allah. 00:10:19.539 --> 00:10:23.779 Narrated Abu Umamah, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:10:23.779 --> 00:10:27.779 From the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said: 00:10:27.779 --> 00:10:31.779 "Whoever does not fight, nor equips a warrior, 00:10:31.779 --> 00:10:34.779 Nor looks after a warrior's family well in his absence, 00:10:34.779 --> 00:10:39.779 Allah will strike him with a calamity before the Day of Resurrection." 00:10:39.779 --> 00:10:43.039 Narrated by Abu Dawud. 00:10:43.039 --> 00:10:46.029 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:10:46.029 --> 00:10:51.480 The prohibition of abandoning Jihad and the severity of the punishment for that. 00:10:51.480 --> 00:10:56.480 The obligation of preparation and readiness for military expeditions and Jihad in the way of Allah. 00:10:56.480 --> 00:11:01.830 The obligation of preserving the internal front of the Muslim society, 00:11:01.830 --> 00:11:07.309 And protecting the honor and families of the Mujahidin in the way of Allah. 00:11:07.309 --> 00:11:13.309 The Muslim society is a society of solidarity and cooperation in righteousness and piety, 00:11:13.309 --> 00:11:18.309 Because it is like a structure, parts of which strengthen others. 00:11:18.309 --> 00:11:22.370 Narrated Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:11:22.370 --> 00:11:26.370 That the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:11:26.370 --> 00:11:32.559 "Strive against the polytheists with your wealth, your lives, and your tongues." 00:11:32.559 --> 00:11:36.029 Narrated by Abu Dawud. 00:11:36.029 --> 00:11:38.029 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:11:38.029 --> 00:11:42.190 Striving against the polytheists by every legitimate means 00:11:42.190 --> 00:11:45.190 Is an obligation upon everyone capable. 00:11:45.190 --> 00:11:49.669 Jihad is performed with wealth, self, and tongue. 00:11:49.669 --> 00:11:51.669 As for wealth: 00:11:51.669 --> 00:11:54.669 It is by providing it to the Mujahidin, 00:11:54.669 --> 00:11:59.669 And helping them equip themselves to meet the enemies of Allah. 00:11:59.669 --> 00:12:01.929 As for the self: 00:12:01.929 --> 00:12:06.929 It is the going out of every responsible Muslim capable of carrying weapons, 00:12:06.929 --> 00:12:12.929 Who is not excused by a legal excuse that permits him to refrain from meeting the enemy. 00:12:12.929 --> 00:12:15.500 As for the tongue: 00:12:15.500 --> 00:12:19.500 It is by supplication and praising the Mujahidin, 00:12:19.500 --> 00:12:23.980 and inciting them and working to keep them steadfast. 00:12:23.980 --> 00:12:27.980 It is forbidden to provide the enemies of Islam with money or manpower. 00:12:27.980 --> 00:12:31.980 Likewise, it is forbidden to praise them or boast about them. 00:12:31.980 --> 00:12:34.980 Rather, one must condemn them and belittle their status. 00:12:35.980 --> 00:12:39.980 And one must expose their evil traits by every possible means. 00:12:39.980 --> 00:12:43.100 On the authority of Abu 'Amr, 00:12:43.100 --> 00:12:45.100 also known as Abu Hakim, 00:12:45.100 --> 00:12:49.100 al-Nu'man ibn Muqarrin, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:12:49.100 --> 00:12:53.100 "I witnessed the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him; 00:12:53.100 --> 00:12:57.100 if he did not fight at the beginning of the day, 00:12:57.100 --> 00:13:00.100 he would delay the fighting until the sun had passed its zenith, 00:13:00.100 --> 00:13:04.519 the winds began to blow, and victory descended." 00:13:04.519 --> 00:13:07.519 Narrated by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi. 00:13:07.519 --> 00:13:11.799 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:13:11.799 --> 00:13:16.220 The permissibility of delaying fighting until the latter part of the day. 00:13:16.220 --> 00:13:20.220 It is recommended for an army commander to choose appropriate times 00:13:20.220 --> 00:13:25.220 when the soldiers are at their full strength and vigor, 00:13:25.220 --> 00:13:29.220 so that their efforts may be multiplied and their engagement improved. 00:13:29.220 --> 00:13:31.220 If it is a surprise raid, 00:13:31.220 --> 00:13:34.220 it is preferred that it be in the morning. 00:13:34.220 --> 00:13:36.220 But if it is a direct confrontation, 00:13:36.220 --> 00:13:40.220 then it should be after the sun has passed its zenith and the winds have begun to blow. 00:13:40.220 --> 00:13:46.100 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:13:46.100 --> 00:13:50.100 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:13:50.100 --> 00:13:53.100 "Do not wish to meet the enemy, 00:13:53.100 --> 00:13:55.100 and ask Allah for well-being. 00:13:55.100 --> 00:13:59.330 But if you do meet them, then be steadfast." 00:13:59.330 --> 00:14:01.649 Agreed upon. 00:14:01.649 --> 00:14:04.649 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:14:04.649 --> 00:14:08.649 and on the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with them both, 00:14:08.649 --> 00:14:12.649 that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:14:12.649 --> 00:14:15.870 "War is deception." 00:14:15.870 --> 00:14:18.639 Agreed upon. 00:14:18.639 --> 00:14:23.379 "Deception" means outwitting the disbelievers. 00:14:23.379 --> 00:14:25.379 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:14:25.379 --> 00:14:30.080 The encouragement to exercise caution in war. 00:14:30.080 --> 00:14:34.080 The recommendation to deceive the disbelievers to catch them off guard. 00:14:34.080 --> 00:14:38.080 This is done through indirect speech, ambushes, and surprise raids. 00:14:38.080 --> 00:14:42.559 The permissibility of using strategy and consultation in war. 00:14:42.559 --> 00:14:45.559 Indeed, it is even more vital than mere bravery. 00:14:45.559 --> 00:14:49.690 Riyad al-Salihin.