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Summary of the concepts of Ahl al-Sunnah

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The relationship of religion to science, intellect, and civilization

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Indeed, the true religion is not an enemy of science, civilization, and intellect.

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Rather, it is a framework for all of that.

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Its framework and its axis that governs all affairs of life.

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And the religion of Islam was

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the comprehensive declaration of the freedom of the human intellect

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towards the material universe and its laws, which Allah, the Exalted, has subjugated for this human.

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As for false religion,

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like the religion of the Church and its superstitions in the Middle Ages,

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which was indeed an enemy of science and intellect,

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it is what causes secularists and atheistic communists to generalize

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the idea that any religion is equivalent to science, intellect, and civilization.

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So, the correct concept of the relationship of Islamic religion to science and intellect

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invalidates the specious arguments of hypocrites and secularists,

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in which they claim to attribute any backwardness of the Ummah to adherence to religion

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and steadfastness upon what the salaf of the Ummah were upon,

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those who adhere to the Sharia in creed and morals.

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And Allah, the Exalted, said concerning such people:

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“Wheresoever ye may be, death will overtake you, even though ye were in lofty towers. Yet if a happy thing befalleth them they say: This is from Allah; and if an evil thing befalleth them they say: This is of thy doing (O Muhammad). Say (unto them): All is from Allah. What is amiss with these people that they come not nigh to understand a happening?” (4:78)

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“Wheresoever ye may be, death will overtake you, even though ye were in lofty towers. Yet if a happy thing befalleth them they say: This is from Allah; and if an evil thing befalleth them they say: This is of thy doing (O Muhammad). Say (unto them): All is from Allah. What is amiss with these people that they come not nigh to understand a happening?” (4:78)

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"What is the matter with these people that they can scarcely understand a hadith?"

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And what has happened to the Ummah is the opposite of what they falsely claim.

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For when it was adhering to its religion,

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implementing its Lord's law, and striving in His way,

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it was the most advanced and greatest of nations in civilization and progress in all fields of life.

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And when it abandoned its religion and turned away from its Lord's law and striving in His way,

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it became backward and a follower of others.

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So, the cause of the Ummah's backwardness, then, is abandoning religion to adhere to it.