1 00:00:00,780 --> 00:00:09,820 Riyadh al-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 2 00:00:09,820 --> 00:00:14,960 Chapter: The Prohibition of Affectation (Takalluf) 3 00:00:14,960 --> 00:00:21,550 This refers to doing or saying things that serve no purpose and involve unnecessary hardship. 4 00:00:21,550 --> 00:00:23,820 Allah the Almighty said: 5 00:00:23,820 --> 00:00:30,699 “Say (O Muhammad, unto mankind): I ask of you no fee for this, and I am no simulating.” (38:86) 6 00:00:30,699 --> 00:00:35,100 On the authority of 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 7 00:00:35,179 --> 00:00:37,659 "We have been forbidden from affectation." 8 00:00:37,659 --> 00:00:40,140 Narrated by al-Bukhari. 9 00:00:41,070 --> 00:00:43,619 From the benefits of the hadith: 10 00:00:43,619 --> 00:00:46,740 It is disliked to ask excessive questions or to be overly pedantic. 11 00:00:46,740 --> 00:00:49,060 It is also disliked to burden oneself with matters that do not concern one. 12 00:00:49,060 --> 00:00:54,579 This applies whether it is in religious or worldly affairs. 13 00:00:54,579 --> 00:00:58,259 On the authority of Masruq, who said: 14 00:00:58,259 --> 00:01:02,500 We visited 'Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him. 15 00:01:02,500 --> 00:01:03,859 He said: 16 00:01:03,859 --> 00:01:05,780 "O people, 17 00:01:05,939 --> 00:01:08,980 whoever knows something, let him speak of it, 18 00:01:08,980 --> 00:01:11,859 and whoever does not know, let him say: 19 00:01:11,859 --> 00:01:13,859 'Allah knows best.' 20 00:01:13,859 --> 00:01:17,780 For it is a part of knowledge to say, regarding what you do not know, 21 00:01:17,780 --> 00:01:19,870 'Allah knows best.'" 22 00:01:19,870 --> 00:01:24,829 Allah the Almighty said to His Prophet, peace be upon him: 23 00:01:24,829 --> 00:01:31,459 “Say (O Muhammad, unto mankind): I ask of you no fee for this, and I am no simulating.” (38:86) 24 00:01:31,459 --> 00:01:34,799 Narrated by al-Bukhari. 25 00:01:34,799 --> 00:01:37,060 From the benefits of the hadith: 26 00:01:37,060 --> 00:01:42,900 The prohibition of affectation in scholarly issues and being overly difficult in questioning. 27 00:01:42,900 --> 00:01:52,019 The encouragement to follow the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, in avoiding affectation, over-complication, and pedantry. 28 00:01:52,019 --> 00:01:57,790 It is incumbent upon a scholar, if asked about something he does not know, to say: 29 00:01:57,790 --> 00:02:01,230 "I do not know" or "I have no knowledge of it." 30 00:02:01,230 --> 00:02:04,750 This does not diminish the scholar's status in the slightest; 31 00:02:04,909 --> 00:02:07,390 rather, it is a sign of his piety and religious commitment. 32 00:02:07,390 --> 00:02:14,240 For above every possessor of knowledge is one who is All-Knowing. 33 00:02:14,240 --> 00:02:17,280 Chapter: The Prohibition of Wailing over the Deceased, 34 00:02:17,280 --> 00:02:20,080 slapping the cheeks, tearing the garment, 35 00:02:20,080 --> 00:02:22,240 plucking the hair, shaving it, 36 00:02:22,240 --> 00:02:27,039 and calling out for woe and destruction. 37 00:02:27,039 --> 00:02:30,960 On the authority of 'Umar Ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 38 00:02:30,960 --> 00:02:34,659 The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: 39 00:02:34,819 --> 00:02:39,659 "The deceased is punished in his grave for the wailing done over him." 40 00:02:39,659 --> 00:02:41,340 In another narration: 41 00:02:41,340 --> 00:02:43,460 "For what is wailed over him." 42 00:02:43,460 --> 00:02:46,639 Agreed upon. 43 00:02:46,639 --> 00:02:50,000 This refers to the wailing performed for him. 44 00:02:50,000 --> 00:02:54,800 Wailing is crying over the deceased with a raised voice, 45 00:02:54,800 --> 00:02:57,199 and mentioning the deceased's virtues. 46 00:02:57,199 --> 00:03:02,099 It also refers to the duration of the wailing over him. 47 00:03:02,099 --> 00:03:04,639 From the benefits of the hadith: 48 00:03:04,639 --> 00:03:07,360 The prohibition of wailing over the deceased, 49 00:03:07,360 --> 00:03:12,530 as severe warnings have been issued against it. 50 00:03:12,530 --> 00:03:16,289 On the authority of Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 51 00:03:16,289 --> 00:03:20,240 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 52 00:03:20,240 --> 00:03:24,560 "He is not one of us who strikes his cheeks, tears his garments, 53 00:03:24,560 --> 00:03:27,840 and calls out with the call of the Jahiliyyah (pre-Islamic ignorance)." 54 00:03:27,840 --> 00:03:31,219 Agreed upon. 55 00:03:31,219 --> 00:03:33,780 "Jayb" (plural: juyub) refers to 56 00:03:33,780 --> 00:03:36,900 the opening of a garment at the neck, 57 00:03:36,979 --> 00:03:39,139 through which the head passes. 58 00:03:39,139 --> 00:03:41,060 Tearing it 59 00:03:41,060 --> 00:03:43,620 means ripping it open completely. 60 00:03:43,620 --> 00:03:46,879 This is a sign of discontent with the decree of Allah. 61 00:03:46,879 --> 00:03:48,960 The "call of the Jahiliyyah" 62 00:03:48,960 --> 00:03:50,319 is lamentation, 63 00:03:50,319 --> 00:03:51,759 such as saying: 64 00:03:51,759 --> 00:03:53,360 "O my mountain!" 65 00:03:53,360 --> 00:03:55,120 "O my support!" 66 00:03:55,120 --> 00:03:58,419 And other such phrases. 67 00:03:58,419 --> 00:04:00,780 From the benefits of the hadith: 68 00:04:00,780 --> 00:04:05,409 The exaggeration of the reality of one who engages in such acts. 69 00:04:05,409 --> 00:04:07,490 The permissibility of shunning one who does this, 70 00:04:07,490 --> 00:04:09,090 and turning away from him, 71 00:04:09,090 --> 00:04:11,810 so that he does not mingle with the community of the Sunnah, 72 00:04:11,810 --> 00:04:14,289 as a form of discipline for him. 73 00:04:14,289 --> 00:04:17,410 This is because the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 74 00:04:17,410 --> 00:04:21,040 disassociated himself from such actions and behavior. 75 00:04:21,040 --> 00:04:23,920 The prohibition of using the call of the Jahiliyyah, 76 00:04:23,920 --> 00:04:28,189 such as wailing, lamenting, and the like. 77 00:04:28,189 --> 00:04:32,189 A clarification of the virtue of one who is patient and seeks reward from Allah during calamities, 78 00:04:32,189 --> 00:04:37,439 and shows contentment when the decree of Allah descends. 79 00:04:37,439 --> 00:04:41,040 On the authority of Abu Burdah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 80 00:04:41,120 --> 00:04:43,279 Abu Musa became ill, 81 00:04:43,279 --> 00:04:44,639 and he fell unconscious, 82 00:04:44,639 --> 00:04:48,319 with his head in the lap of a woman of his family. 83 00:04:48,319 --> 00:04:50,959 She began to cry out with a wail, 84 00:04:50,959 --> 00:04:55,040 and he was unable to respond to her at all. 85 00:04:55,040 --> 00:04:56,959 When he regained consciousness, 86 00:04:56,959 --> 00:04:58,319 he said: 87 00:04:58,319 --> 00:05:04,769 "I am free of those whom the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, is free of. 88 00:05:04,769 --> 00:05:08,129 For the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 89 00:05:08,129 --> 00:05:10,129 is free of the *saliqah* (the one who wails loudly), 90 00:05:10,209 --> 00:05:11,889 the *haliqah* (the one who shaves her head), 91 00:05:11,889 --> 00:05:14,079 and the *shaqiqah* (the one who tears her clothes)." 92 00:05:14,079 --> 00:05:17,259 Agreed upon. 93 00:05:17,259 --> 00:05:18,860 The *saliqah* is 94 00:05:18,860 --> 00:05:23,120 she who raises her voice in wailing and lamentation. 95 00:05:23,120 --> 00:05:24,720 The *haliqah* is 96 00:05:24,720 --> 00:05:28,540 she who shaves her head at the time of a calamity. 97 00:05:28,540 --> 00:05:30,220 The *shaqiqah* is 98 00:05:30,220 --> 00:05:33,389 she who tears her garment. 99 00:05:33,389 --> 00:05:34,589 "Afaqa" 100 00:05:34,589 --> 00:05:37,329 means he recovered from his unconsciousness. 101 00:05:37,329 --> 00:05:38,850 "Rannah" 102 00:05:38,850 --> 00:05:40,850 is a sound accompanied by crying, 103 00:05:40,850 --> 00:05:43,139 containing a tremulous tone. 104 00:05:43,139 --> 00:05:44,339 "Nadb" 105 00:05:44,339 --> 00:05:48,509 means enumerating the virtues of the deceased. 106 00:05:48,509 --> 00:05:51,040 From the benefits of the hadith: 107 00:05:51,040 --> 00:05:55,439 The prohibition of wailing, shaving the hair of the head, and tearing garments 108 00:05:55,439 --> 00:05:58,990 when the calamity of death occurs. 109 00:05:58,990 --> 00:06:04,910 The servant should follow the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 110 00:06:04,910 --> 00:06:12,670 and disassociate himself from what the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, disassociated himself from. 111 00:06:12,750 --> 00:06:17,069 On the authority of al-Mughirah Ibn Shu'bah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 112 00:06:17,069 --> 00:06:21,949 I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, say: 113 00:06:21,949 --> 00:06:23,949 "Whoever is wailed over, 114 00:06:23,949 --> 00:06:29,230 he will be punished for what was wailed over him on the Day of Resurrection." 115 00:06:29,230 --> 00:06:31,620 Agreed upon. 116 00:06:31,620 --> 00:06:33,620 On the authority of Umm 'Atiyyah, 117 00:06:33,620 --> 00:06:37,060 Nusaybah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: 118 00:06:37,060 --> 00:06:40,980 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, took a pledge from us 119 00:06:40,980 --> 00:06:44,339 at the time of the oath of allegiance that we would not wail. 120 00:06:44,339 --> 00:06:46,339 Agreed upon. 121 00:06:46,339 --> 00:06:49,199 From the benefits of the hadith: 122 00:06:49,199 --> 00:06:52,529 The permissibility of women giving an oath of allegiance, 123 00:06:52,529 --> 00:06:55,009 and their oath is taken verbally. 124 00:06:55,009 --> 00:07:00,930 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, never placed his hand in the hand of a woman 125 00:07:00,930 --> 00:07:03,730 during the oath of allegiance or otherwise. 126 00:07:03,730 --> 00:07:08,430 The recommendation of pledging to abandon forbidden acts. 127 00:07:09,300 --> 00:07:13,139 The oath of allegiance is a legal contract and a divine covenant 128 00:07:13,139 --> 00:07:16,459 to obey Allah and His Messenger. 129 00:07:16,459 --> 00:07:19,740 Wailing is among the customs of the Jahiliyyah, 130 00:07:19,740 --> 00:07:22,779 which a Muslim should cast off 131 00:07:22,779 --> 00:07:26,060 when he dons the garment of Islam. 132 00:07:26,060 --> 00:07:32,110 On the authority of al-Nu'man Ibn Bashir, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 133 00:07:32,110 --> 00:07:36,670 'Abdullah Ibn Rawahah, may Allah be pleased with him, fell unconscious, 134 00:07:36,670 --> 00:07:40,269 and his sister began to weep and say: 135 00:07:40,269 --> 00:07:44,670 "O my mountain! O such and such!" 136 00:07:44,670 --> 00:07:46,610 enumerating his virtues over him. 137 00:07:46,610 --> 00:07:48,850 He said when he regained consciousness: 138 00:07:48,850 --> 00:07:50,769 "I did not say anything, 139 00:07:50,769 --> 00:07:54,269 but it was said to me: 'Are you really like that?'" 140 00:07:54,269 --> 00:07:57,699 Narrated by al-Bukhari. 141 00:07:57,699 --> 00:07:59,379 "Enumerating his virtues" 142 00:07:59,379 --> 00:08:04,129 means mentioning his characteristics in the manner of the Jahiliyyah. 143 00:08:04,129 --> 00:08:05,970 "Are you really like that?" 144 00:08:05,970 --> 00:08:11,579 is a rhetorical question of rebuke and reprimand. 145 00:08:11,740 --> 00:08:14,139 From the benefits of the hadith: 146 00:08:14,139 --> 00:08:17,139 The prohibition of lamenting for the deceased. 147 00:08:17,139 --> 00:08:20,740 The prohibition of claiming virtues that are not in the person, 148 00:08:20,740 --> 00:08:25,949 whether by the person himself or by others. 149 00:08:25,949 --> 00:08:29,629 On the authority of Ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 150 00:08:29,629 --> 00:08:34,429 Sa'd Ibn 'Ubadah, may Allah be pleased with him, fell ill, 151 00:08:34,429 --> 00:08:37,950 and the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, came to visit him 152 00:08:37,950 --> 00:08:41,309 along with 'Abd al-Rahman Ibn 'Awf, 153 00:08:41,389 --> 00:08:43,710 Sa'd Ibn Abi Waqqas, 154 00:08:43,710 --> 00:08:47,789 and 'Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with them. 155 00:08:47,789 --> 00:08:52,029 When he entered, he found him in a state of unconsciousness. 156 00:08:52,029 --> 00:08:55,019 He asked, "Has he passed away?" 157 00:08:55,019 --> 00:08:58,379 They said, "No, O Messenger of Allah." 158 00:08:58,379 --> 00:09:02,830 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, wept. 159 00:09:02,830 --> 00:09:07,710 When the people saw the weeping of the Prophet, peace be upon him, 160 00:09:07,710 --> 00:09:09,139 they wept as well. 161 00:09:09,139 --> 00:09:12,340 He said, "Do you not hear? 162 00:09:12,340 --> 00:09:17,700 Allah does not punish for the tears of the eye nor for the sadness of the heart, 163 00:09:17,700 --> 00:09:20,659 but He punishes for this," 164 00:09:20,659 --> 00:09:24,909 and he pointed to his tongue, "or He shows mercy." 165 00:09:24,909 --> 00:09:27,539 Agreed upon. 166 00:09:27,539 --> 00:09:32,179 On the authority of Abu Malik al-Ash'ari, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 167 00:09:32,179 --> 00:09:36,299 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 168 00:09:36,299 --> 00:09:40,460 "A wailing woman, if she does not repent before she dies, 169 00:09:40,460 --> 00:09:45,659 will be made to stand on the Day of Resurrection wearing a garment of pitch (tar), 170 00:09:45,659 --> 00:09:48,320 and a coat of scabies." 171 00:09:48,320 --> 00:09:51,789 Narrated by Muslim. 172 00:09:51,789 --> 00:09:55,149 "Sirbal" means a shirt. 173 00:09:55,149 --> 00:09:59,230 "Qatran" (pitch) is a black, foul-smelling liquid 174 00:09:59,230 --> 00:10:01,950 that helps ignite fire. 175 00:10:01,950 --> 00:10:05,360 It is used to treat camels for mange. 176 00:10:05,360 --> 00:10:12,320 "Jarab" (scabies/mange) is a disease that affects the skin and leaves pits in it. 177 00:10:12,320 --> 00:10:14,720 From the benefits of the hadith: 178 00:10:14,720 --> 00:10:18,669 The prohibition of wailing and the severity of this sin. 179 00:10:18,669 --> 00:10:20,429 The validity of repentance, 180 00:10:20,429 --> 00:10:25,299 provided the accountable person has not died or reached the point of death (the death rattle). 181 00:10:25,299 --> 00:10:28,019 The recompense is of the same nature as the deed. 182 00:10:28,019 --> 00:10:32,659 The tears of the wailing woman will be like pitch on the Day of Resurrection, 183 00:10:32,659 --> 00:10:35,460 igniting the fire and fueling it. 184 00:10:35,460 --> 00:10:38,259 And the clothes she tore 185 00:10:38,259 --> 00:10:42,980 will be a disease and a torment upon her. 186 00:10:42,980 --> 00:10:46,259 On the authority of Usayd Ibn Abi Usayd, the Tabi'i, 187 00:10:46,259 --> 00:10:49,860 from one of the women who gave the oath of allegiance, who said: 188 00:10:49,860 --> 00:10:54,500 "Among what the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, took from us, 189 00:10:54,500 --> 00:10:56,980 in the good things he required of us, 190 00:10:56,980 --> 00:10:59,379 was that we would not disobey him in them: 191 00:10:59,379 --> 00:11:01,700 that we would not scratch our faces, 192 00:11:01,700 --> 00:11:03,860 nor call out for woe, 193 00:11:03,860 --> 00:11:06,100 nor tear our garments, 194 00:11:06,100 --> 00:11:08,990 nor dishevel our hair." 195 00:11:08,990 --> 00:11:12,610 Narrated by Abu Dawud. 196 00:11:12,610 --> 00:11:16,480 "We would not scratch" means we would not wound. 197 00:11:16,480 --> 00:11:21,039 "Khamsh" is a wound on the surface of the skin caused by the fingernail. 198 00:11:21,039 --> 00:11:23,659 This refers to slapping the cheeks. 199 00:11:23,659 --> 00:11:25,740 "We would not call out for woe" 200 00:11:25,740 --> 00:11:29,330 means we would not lament by saying "Woe!" 201 00:11:29,330 --> 00:11:31,250 We scatter our hair, 202 00:11:31,250 --> 00:11:35,149 meaning we dishevel and tear it, 203 00:11:35,149 --> 00:11:37,740 among the benefits of the hadith: 204 00:11:37,740 --> 00:11:43,230 the prohibition of scratching the face, wailing, and scattering the hair during times of calamity. 205 00:11:43,230 --> 00:11:50,190 The recommendation of pledging allegiance to abandon forbidden acts and perform acts of obedience. 206 00:11:50,190 --> 00:11:52,909 On the authority of Abu Musa, may Allah be pleased with him, 207 00:11:52,909 --> 00:11:57,389 that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 208 00:11:57,389 --> 00:11:59,789 "There is no person who dies, 209 00:11:59,789 --> 00:12:02,909 and their mourner stands up and says, 210 00:12:02,909 --> 00:12:04,590 'Oh, my mountain!' 211 00:12:04,590 --> 00:12:06,190 'Oh, my master!' 212 00:12:06,190 --> 00:12:08,110 or words to that effect, 213 00:12:08,190 --> 00:12:11,950 but that two angels are appointed to him to strike him, 214 00:12:11,950 --> 00:12:14,580 saying, 'Were you like that?'" 215 00:12:14,580 --> 00:12:17,009 Narrated by al-Tirmidhi. 216 00:12:17,009 --> 00:12:18,370 "Striking" (lahz) 217 00:12:18,370 --> 00:12:22,779 is pushing someone in the chest with a clenched fist. 218 00:12:22,779 --> 00:12:25,340 Among the benefits of the hadith: 219 00:12:25,340 --> 00:12:30,139 The deceased who does not disavow these practices before their death, 220 00:12:30,139 --> 00:12:34,539 while knowing that their family habitually does them, 221 00:12:34,539 --> 00:12:38,460 will be punished for it. 222 00:12:38,539 --> 00:12:42,139 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 223 00:12:42,139 --> 00:12:46,059 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 224 00:12:46,059 --> 00:12:50,110 "There are two traits in people that are acts of disbelief: 225 00:12:50,110 --> 00:12:52,110 slandering one's lineage, 226 00:12:52,110 --> 00:12:55,059 and wailing over the dead." 227 00:12:55,059 --> 00:12:57,820 Narrated by Muslim. 228 00:12:57,820 --> 00:13:01,820 Riyad al-Salihin.