WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:09.820 Riyadh al-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:09.820 --> 00:00:14.960 Chapter: The Prohibition of Affectation (Takalluf) 00:00:14.960 --> 00:00:21.550 This refers to doing or saying things that serve no purpose and involve unnecessary hardship. 00:00:21.550 --> 00:00:23.820 Allah the Almighty said: 00:00:23.820 --> 00:00:30.699 “Say (O Muhammad, unto mankind): I ask of you no fee for this, and I am no simulating.” (38:86) 00:00:30.699 --> 00:00:35.100 On the authority of 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:00:35.179 --> 00:00:37.659 "We have been forbidden from affectation." 00:00:37.659 --> 00:00:40.140 Narrated by al-Bukhari. 00:00:41.070 --> 00:00:43.619 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:00:43.619 --> 00:00:46.740 It is disliked to ask excessive questions or to be overly pedantic. 00:00:46.740 --> 00:00:49.060 It is also disliked to burden oneself with matters that do not concern one. 00:00:49.060 --> 00:00:54.579 This applies whether it is in religious or worldly affairs. 00:00:54.579 --> 00:00:58.259 On the authority of Masruq, who said: 00:00:58.259 --> 00:01:02.500 We visited 'Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:01:02.500 --> 00:01:03.859 He said: 00:01:03.859 --> 00:01:05.780 "O people, 00:01:05.939 --> 00:01:08.980 whoever knows something, let him speak of it, 00:01:08.980 --> 00:01:11.859 and whoever does not know, let him say: 00:01:11.859 --> 00:01:13.859 'Allah knows best.' 00:01:13.859 --> 00:01:17.780 For it is a part of knowledge to say, regarding what you do not know, 00:01:17.780 --> 00:01:19.870 'Allah knows best.'" 00:01:19.870 --> 00:01:24.829 Allah the Almighty said to His Prophet, peace be upon him: 00:01:24.829 --> 00:01:31.459 “Say (O Muhammad, unto mankind): I ask of you no fee for this, and I am no simulating.” (38:86) 00:01:31.459 --> 00:01:34.799 Narrated by al-Bukhari. 00:01:34.799 --> 00:01:37.060 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:01:37.060 --> 00:01:42.900 The prohibition of affectation in scholarly issues and being overly difficult in questioning. 00:01:42.900 --> 00:01:52.019 The encouragement to follow the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, in avoiding affectation, over-complication, and pedantry. 00:01:52.019 --> 00:01:57.790 It is incumbent upon a scholar, if asked about something he does not know, to say: 00:01:57.790 --> 00:02:01.230 "I do not know" or "I have no knowledge of it." 00:02:01.230 --> 00:02:04.750 This does not diminish the scholar's status in the slightest; 00:02:04.909 --> 00:02:07.390 rather, it is a sign of his piety and religious commitment. 00:02:07.390 --> 00:02:14.240 For above every possessor of knowledge is one who is All-Knowing. 00:02:14.240 --> 00:02:17.280 Chapter: The Prohibition of Wailing over the Deceased, 00:02:17.280 --> 00:02:20.080 slapping the cheeks, tearing the garment, 00:02:20.080 --> 00:02:22.240 plucking the hair, shaving it, 00:02:22.240 --> 00:02:27.039 and calling out for woe and destruction. 00:02:27.039 --> 00:02:30.960 On the authority of 'Umar Ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:02:30.960 --> 00:02:34.659 The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: 00:02:34.819 --> 00:02:39.659 "The deceased is punished in his grave for the wailing done over him." 00:02:39.659 --> 00:02:41.340 In another narration: 00:02:41.340 --> 00:02:43.460 "For what is wailed over him." 00:02:43.460 --> 00:02:46.639 Agreed upon. 00:02:46.639 --> 00:02:50.000 This refers to the wailing performed for him. 00:02:50.000 --> 00:02:54.800 Wailing is crying over the deceased with a raised voice, 00:02:54.800 --> 00:02:57.199 and mentioning the deceased's virtues. 00:02:57.199 --> 00:03:02.099 It also refers to the duration of the wailing over him. 00:03:02.099 --> 00:03:04.639 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:03:04.639 --> 00:03:07.360 The prohibition of wailing over the deceased, 00:03:07.360 --> 00:03:12.530 as severe warnings have been issued against it. 00:03:12.530 --> 00:03:16.289 On the authority of Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:03:16.289 --> 00:03:20.240 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 00:03:20.240 --> 00:03:24.560 "He is not one of us who strikes his cheeks, tears his garments, 00:03:24.560 --> 00:03:27.840 and calls out with the call of the Jahiliyyah (pre-Islamic ignorance)." 00:03:27.840 --> 00:03:31.219 Agreed upon. 00:03:31.219 --> 00:03:33.780 "Jayb" (plural: juyub) refers to 00:03:33.780 --> 00:03:36.900 the opening of a garment at the neck, 00:03:36.979 --> 00:03:39.139 through which the head passes. 00:03:39.139 --> 00:03:41.060 Tearing it 00:03:41.060 --> 00:03:43.620 means ripping it open completely. 00:03:43.620 --> 00:03:46.879 This is a sign of discontent with the decree of Allah. 00:03:46.879 --> 00:03:48.960 The "call of the Jahiliyyah" 00:03:48.960 --> 00:03:50.319 is lamentation, 00:03:50.319 --> 00:03:51.759 such as saying: 00:03:51.759 --> 00:03:53.360 "O my mountain!" 00:03:53.360 --> 00:03:55.120 "O my support!" 00:03:55.120 --> 00:03:58.419 And other such phrases. 00:03:58.419 --> 00:04:00.780 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:04:00.780 --> 00:04:05.409 The exaggeration of the reality of one who engages in such acts. 00:04:05.409 --> 00:04:07.490 The permissibility of shunning one who does this, 00:04:07.490 --> 00:04:09.090 and turning away from him, 00:04:09.090 --> 00:04:11.810 so that he does not mingle with the community of the Sunnah, 00:04:11.810 --> 00:04:14.289 as a form of discipline for him. 00:04:14.289 --> 00:04:17.410 This is because the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:04:17.410 --> 00:04:21.040 disassociated himself from such actions and behavior. 00:04:21.040 --> 00:04:23.920 The prohibition of using the call of the Jahiliyyah, 00:04:23.920 --> 00:04:28.189 such as wailing, lamenting, and the like. 00:04:28.189 --> 00:04:32.189 A clarification of the virtue of one who is patient and seeks reward from Allah during calamities, 00:04:32.189 --> 00:04:37.439 and shows contentment when the decree of Allah descends. 00:04:37.439 --> 00:04:41.040 On the authority of Abu Burdah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:04:41.120 --> 00:04:43.279 Abu Musa became ill, 00:04:43.279 --> 00:04:44.639 and he fell unconscious, 00:04:44.639 --> 00:04:48.319 with his head in the lap of a woman of his family. 00:04:48.319 --> 00:04:50.959 She began to cry out with a wail, 00:04:50.959 --> 00:04:55.040 and he was unable to respond to her at all. 00:04:55.040 --> 00:04:56.959 When he regained consciousness, 00:04:56.959 --> 00:04:58.319 he said: 00:04:58.319 --> 00:05:04.769 "I am free of those whom the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, is free of. 00:05:04.769 --> 00:05:08.129 For the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:05:08.129 --> 00:05:10.129 is free of the *saliqah* (the one who wails loudly), 00:05:10.209 --> 00:05:11.889 the *haliqah* (the one who shaves her head), 00:05:11.889 --> 00:05:14.079 and the *shaqiqah* (the one who tears her clothes)." 00:05:14.079 --> 00:05:17.259 Agreed upon. 00:05:17.259 --> 00:05:18.860 The *saliqah* is 00:05:18.860 --> 00:05:23.120 she who raises her voice in wailing and lamentation. 00:05:23.120 --> 00:05:24.720 The *haliqah* is 00:05:24.720 --> 00:05:28.540 she who shaves her head at the time of a calamity. 00:05:28.540 --> 00:05:30.220 The *shaqiqah* is 00:05:30.220 --> 00:05:33.389 she who tears her garment. 00:05:33.389 --> 00:05:34.589 "Afaqa" 00:05:34.589 --> 00:05:37.329 means he recovered from his unconsciousness. 00:05:37.329 --> 00:05:38.850 "Rannah" 00:05:38.850 --> 00:05:40.850 is a sound accompanied by crying, 00:05:40.850 --> 00:05:43.139 containing a tremulous tone. 00:05:43.139 --> 00:05:44.339 "Nadb" 00:05:44.339 --> 00:05:48.509 means enumerating the virtues of the deceased. 00:05:48.509 --> 00:05:51.040 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:05:51.040 --> 00:05:55.439 The prohibition of wailing, shaving the hair of the head, and tearing garments 00:05:55.439 --> 00:05:58.990 when the calamity of death occurs. 00:05:58.990 --> 00:06:04.910 The servant should follow the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:06:04.910 --> 00:06:12.670 and disassociate himself from what the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, disassociated himself from. 00:06:12.750 --> 00:06:17.069 On the authority of al-Mughirah Ibn Shu'bah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:06:17.069 --> 00:06:21.949 I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, say: 00:06:21.949 --> 00:06:23.949 "Whoever is wailed over, 00:06:23.949 --> 00:06:29.230 he will be punished for what was wailed over him on the Day of Resurrection." 00:06:29.230 --> 00:06:31.620 Agreed upon. 00:06:31.620 --> 00:06:33.620 On the authority of Umm 'Atiyyah, 00:06:33.620 --> 00:06:37.060 Nusaybah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: 00:06:37.060 --> 00:06:40.980 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, took a pledge from us 00:06:40.980 --> 00:06:44.339 at the time of the oath of allegiance that we would not wail. 00:06:44.339 --> 00:06:46.339 Agreed upon. 00:06:46.339 --> 00:06:49.199 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:06:49.199 --> 00:06:52.529 The permissibility of women giving an oath of allegiance, 00:06:52.529 --> 00:06:55.009 and their oath is taken verbally. 00:06:55.009 --> 00:07:00.930 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, never placed his hand in the hand of a woman 00:07:00.930 --> 00:07:03.730 during the oath of allegiance or otherwise. 00:07:03.730 --> 00:07:08.430 The recommendation of pledging to abandon forbidden acts. 00:07:09.300 --> 00:07:13.139 The oath of allegiance is a legal contract and a divine covenant 00:07:13.139 --> 00:07:16.459 to obey Allah and His Messenger. 00:07:16.459 --> 00:07:19.740 Wailing is among the customs of the Jahiliyyah, 00:07:19.740 --> 00:07:22.779 which a Muslim should cast off 00:07:22.779 --> 00:07:26.060 when he dons the garment of Islam. 00:07:26.060 --> 00:07:32.110 On the authority of al-Nu'man Ibn Bashir, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 00:07:32.110 --> 00:07:36.670 'Abdullah Ibn Rawahah, may Allah be pleased with him, fell unconscious, 00:07:36.670 --> 00:07:40.269 and his sister began to weep and say: 00:07:40.269 --> 00:07:44.670 "O my mountain! O such and such!" 00:07:44.670 --> 00:07:46.610 enumerating his virtues over him. 00:07:46.610 --> 00:07:48.850 He said when he regained consciousness: 00:07:48.850 --> 00:07:50.769 "I did not say anything, 00:07:50.769 --> 00:07:54.269 but it was said to me: 'Are you really like that?'" 00:07:54.269 --> 00:07:57.699 Narrated by al-Bukhari. 00:07:57.699 --> 00:07:59.379 "Enumerating his virtues" 00:07:59.379 --> 00:08:04.129 means mentioning his characteristics in the manner of the Jahiliyyah. 00:08:04.129 --> 00:08:05.970 "Are you really like that?" 00:08:05.970 --> 00:08:11.579 is a rhetorical question of rebuke and reprimand. 00:08:11.740 --> 00:08:14.139 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:08:14.139 --> 00:08:17.139 The prohibition of lamenting for the deceased. 00:08:17.139 --> 00:08:20.740 The prohibition of claiming virtues that are not in the person, 00:08:20.740 --> 00:08:25.949 whether by the person himself or by others. 00:08:25.949 --> 00:08:29.629 On the authority of Ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 00:08:29.629 --> 00:08:34.429 Sa'd Ibn 'Ubadah, may Allah be pleased with him, fell ill, 00:08:34.429 --> 00:08:37.950 and the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, came to visit him 00:08:37.950 --> 00:08:41.309 along with 'Abd al-Rahman Ibn 'Awf, 00:08:41.389 --> 00:08:43.710 Sa'd Ibn Abi Waqqas, 00:08:43.710 --> 00:08:47.789 and 'Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with them. 00:08:47.789 --> 00:08:52.029 When he entered, he found him in a state of unconsciousness. 00:08:52.029 --> 00:08:55.019 He asked, "Has he passed away?" 00:08:55.019 --> 00:08:58.379 They said, "No, O Messenger of Allah." 00:08:58.379 --> 00:09:02.830 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, wept. 00:09:02.830 --> 00:09:07.710 When the people saw the weeping of the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:09:07.710 --> 00:09:09.139 they wept as well. 00:09:09.139 --> 00:09:12.340 He said, "Do you not hear? 00:09:12.340 --> 00:09:17.700 Allah does not punish for the tears of the eye nor for the sadness of the heart, 00:09:17.700 --> 00:09:20.659 but He punishes for this," 00:09:20.659 --> 00:09:24.909 and he pointed to his tongue, "or He shows mercy." 00:09:24.909 --> 00:09:27.539 Agreed upon. 00:09:27.539 --> 00:09:32.179 On the authority of Abu Malik al-Ash'ari, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:09:32.179 --> 00:09:36.299 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 00:09:36.299 --> 00:09:40.460 "A wailing woman, if she does not repent before she dies, 00:09:40.460 --> 00:09:45.659 will be made to stand on the Day of Resurrection wearing a garment of pitch (tar), 00:09:45.659 --> 00:09:48.320 and a coat of scabies." 00:09:48.320 --> 00:09:51.789 Narrated by Muslim. 00:09:51.789 --> 00:09:55.149 "Sirbal" means a shirt. 00:09:55.149 --> 00:09:59.230 "Qatran" (pitch) is a black, foul-smelling liquid 00:09:59.230 --> 00:10:01.950 that helps ignite fire. 00:10:01.950 --> 00:10:05.360 It is used to treat camels for mange. 00:10:05.360 --> 00:10:12.320 "Jarab" (scabies/mange) is a disease that affects the skin and leaves pits in it. 00:10:12.320 --> 00:10:14.720 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:10:14.720 --> 00:10:18.669 The prohibition of wailing and the severity of this sin. 00:10:18.669 --> 00:10:20.429 The validity of repentance, 00:10:20.429 --> 00:10:25.299 provided the accountable person has not died or reached the point of death (the death rattle). 00:10:25.299 --> 00:10:28.019 The recompense is of the same nature as the deed. 00:10:28.019 --> 00:10:32.659 The tears of the wailing woman will be like pitch on the Day of Resurrection, 00:10:32.659 --> 00:10:35.460 igniting the fire and fueling it. 00:10:35.460 --> 00:10:38.259 And the clothes she tore 00:10:38.259 --> 00:10:42.980 will be a disease and a torment upon her. 00:10:42.980 --> 00:10:46.259 On the authority of Usayd Ibn Abi Usayd, the Tabi'i, 00:10:46.259 --> 00:10:49.860 from one of the women who gave the oath of allegiance, who said: 00:10:49.860 --> 00:10:54.500 "Among what the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, took from us, 00:10:54.500 --> 00:10:56.980 in the good things he required of us, 00:10:56.980 --> 00:10:59.379 was that we would not disobey him in them: 00:10:59.379 --> 00:11:01.700 that we would not scratch our faces, 00:11:01.700 --> 00:11:03.860 nor call out for woe, 00:11:03.860 --> 00:11:06.100 nor tear our garments, 00:11:06.100 --> 00:11:08.990 nor dishevel our hair." 00:11:08.990 --> 00:11:12.610 Narrated by Abu Dawud. 00:11:12.610 --> 00:11:16.480 "We would not scratch" means we would not wound. 00:11:16.480 --> 00:11:21.039 "Khamsh" is a wound on the surface of the skin caused by the fingernail. 00:11:21.039 --> 00:11:23.659 This refers to slapping the cheeks. 00:11:23.659 --> 00:11:25.740 "We would not call out for woe" 00:11:25.740 --> 00:11:29.330 means we would not lament by saying "Woe!" 00:11:29.330 --> 00:11:31.250 We scatter our hair, 00:11:31.250 --> 00:11:35.149 meaning we dishevel and tear it, 00:11:35.149 --> 00:11:37.740 among the benefits of the hadith: 00:11:37.740 --> 00:11:43.230 the prohibition of scratching the face, wailing, and scattering the hair during times of calamity. 00:11:43.230 --> 00:11:50.190 The recommendation of pledging allegiance to abandon forbidden acts and perform acts of obedience. 00:11:50.190 --> 00:11:52.909 On the authority of Abu Musa, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:11:52.909 --> 00:11:57.389 that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:11:57.389 --> 00:11:59.789 "There is no person who dies, 00:11:59.789 --> 00:12:02.909 and their mourner stands up and says, 00:12:02.909 --> 00:12:04.590 'Oh, my mountain!' 00:12:04.590 --> 00:12:06.190 'Oh, my master!' 00:12:06.190 --> 00:12:08.110 or words to that effect, 00:12:08.190 --> 00:12:11.950 but that two angels are appointed to him to strike him, 00:12:11.950 --> 00:12:14.580 saying, 'Were you like that?'" 00:12:14.580 --> 00:12:17.009 Narrated by al-Tirmidhi. 00:12:17.009 --> 00:12:18.370 "Striking" (lahz) 00:12:18.370 --> 00:12:22.779 is pushing someone in the chest with a clenched fist. 00:12:22.779 --> 00:12:25.340 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:12:25.340 --> 00:12:30.139 The deceased who does not disavow these practices before their death, 00:12:30.139 --> 00:12:34.539 while knowing that their family habitually does them, 00:12:34.539 --> 00:12:38.460 will be punished for it. 00:12:38.539 --> 00:12:42.139 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:12:42.139 --> 00:12:46.059 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 00:12:46.059 --> 00:12:50.110 "There are two traits in people that are acts of disbelief: 00:12:50.110 --> 00:12:52.110 slandering one's lineage, 00:12:52.110 --> 00:12:55.059 and wailing over the dead." 00:12:55.059 --> 00:12:57.820 Narrated by Muslim. 00:12:57.820 --> 00:13:01.820 Riyad al-Salihin.