WEBVTT

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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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Abridgment of the book:

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"Ramadan:

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Events and Lessons."

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The Death of Imam al-Zuhri.

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The date:

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Tuesday night,

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the seventeenth night

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of Ramadan,

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in the year one hundred

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and twenty-four of the Hijrah.

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Indeed, the death of scholars

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who are firmly grounded, practicing, and sincere

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is counted within the Ummah

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as a monumental calamity

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and a tremendous loss.

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For these elite figures

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are the guiding stars for the seekers

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and the illuminating lights for travelers;

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they are like the sun to the world

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and like good health to the body.

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'Abdullah

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ibn Ahmad said:

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"I asked my father:

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'What kind of man was al-Shafi'i?

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For I often hear you

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supplicating for him.'

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He replied:

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'O my son,

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he was like the sun to the world

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and like good health to the people.

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Can there ever be

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a replacement for these two,

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or anything to compensate for them?'"

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And how could it not be a calamity,

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when in this life

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there are numerous intellectual dilemmas,

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countless complex issues

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and legal rulings,

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and diverse doubts

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and difficulties

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that require scholars

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who are firmly grounded?

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Yet such scholars are few among the people;

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so what happens when

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even some of this precious few pass away?

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People will remain in a state of goodness

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as long as there remain among them

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truthful scholars.

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But when they depart from them,

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ignorance and the ignorant multiply,

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evil increases,

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goodness diminishes,

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the ignorant come to lead the people,

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and they go astray and lead others astray.

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On the authority of 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn al-'As,

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may Allah be pleased with them both,

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who said:

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"I heard the Messenger of Allah,

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peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say:

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'Indeed, Allah does not take away

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knowledge by wrenching it away,

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snatching it from the servants;

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rather, He takes away

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knowledge by taking away the scholars.

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Then, when there remains

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no scholar,

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the people will take as leaders

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ignorant ones.

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They will deliver legal verdicts without knowledge,

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thus going astray and leading others astray.'"

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'Ali,

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may Allah be pleased with him, said:

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"The likeness of the jurists

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is that of hands:

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when a hand is severed,

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it never grows back."

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And he also said:

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"When a scholar dies,

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a breach is torn in Islam

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that cannot be closed

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except by a successor of his caliber."

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'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud,

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may Allah be pleased with him, said:

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"The death of a scholar is a breach

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in Islam

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that nothing can mend,

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so long as day and night alternate."

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And he also said:

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"Hold fast to knowledge

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before it is taken away,

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and its being taken away is the departure

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of its bearers."

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His name, lineage,

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and birth, may Allah have mercy on him:

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He is the eminent Tabi'i,

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Muhammad ibn Muslim ibn 'Ubaydullah

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ibn Shihab

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ibn 'Abdullah ibn al-Harith ibn Zuhrah

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ibn Kilab ibn Murrah

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ibn Ka'b

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ibn Lu'ayy ibn Ghalib,

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the leading imam and distinguished authority,

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the foremost hadith master of his era,

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Abu Bakr al-Qurashi,

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the hadith master, the jurist,

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al-Zuhri al-Madani,

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who later settled in the Levant,

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one of the foremost

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prominent imams.

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He was trustworthy, possessed of vast

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knowledge and narrations,

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and a comprehensive jurist.

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He was born in the Prophetic city of Medina

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in the year

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58 AH.

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His apprenticeship

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and pursuit of knowledge, may Allah

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have mercy on him:

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Imam al-Zuhri was born in the city

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of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,

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and raised there

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at a time when scholars were abundant,

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including the remaining

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Companions

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and the senior Tabi'un.

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That scholarly environment served

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as a powerful impetus

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that inspired him to seek knowledge.

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So he set out drinking deeply from its pure fountains

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and drawing from its rich springs.

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He was aided

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in carrying this knowledge

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by what Allah Almighty had endowed him with:

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a formidable photographic memory

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and a brilliant, sharp intellect.

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Indeed, it was related of him

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that he memorized the Qur'an

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in approximately

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eighty days.

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It was by Allah's divine facilitation for him

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that he met several Companions

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and heard directly from them,

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though they were few,

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among them Ibn 'Umar,

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Jabir ibn 'Abdullah,

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al-Miswar ibn Makhramah,

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and 'Abdullah ibn Ja'far,

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may Allah be pleased with them.

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However, the bulk of his sustained study

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was under the senior Tabi'un,

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such as Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib;

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indeed, he studied in his circle

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for eight years,

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his knee pressed

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against his knee.

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Ibn Shihab endured great hardship

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in the pursuit of acquiring knowledge,

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persevering patiently until

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he attained all he aspired to.

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He exhibited consummate etiquette

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toward his teachers,

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patiently enduring the sternness of some among them.

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Al-Layth ibn Sa'd

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once remarked to al-Zuhri:

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"Would that you imparted your knowledge

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only to those whom you hope will benefit!"

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He replied:

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"By Allah, no one has disseminated

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knowledge as widely as I have,

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nor has anyone borne patience for it as I have.

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We used to

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sit with Ibn al-Musayyib,

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and not a single one of us

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dared to ask him anything

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unless he initiated

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the discourse himself, or a man arrived

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to ask him about an issue

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that had befallen him."

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His extraordinary memory, may Allah have mercy on him:

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Imam al-Zuhri,

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may Allah have mercy on him,

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was a veritable sign among the signs of Allah

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in his memorization

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and a rare genius

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in retaining information.

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He was truly a blessing

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among the blessings of Allah upon this Ummah

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in preserving the hadith

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of its Messenger, peace be upon him.

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For indeed,

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he was renowned for his precision, retentive mastery,

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and flawless citation of texts.

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Consequently,

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his students and those who transmitted

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from him grew vast in number.

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Anyone who reads his biographical entry in the biographical dictionaries

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of hadith transmitters will behold

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the vast number of narrators

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who received from him the hadith

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of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

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Nor was

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al-Zuhri merely memorizing hadith

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and matters of knowledge by rote

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alone;

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rather, he combined

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retention, deep comprehension, and exceptional

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listening.

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To recount the blessings of Allah,

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he would speak about himself

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and what Allah had bestowed upon him of retentive

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memory, saying:

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"I never entrusted my heart with

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anything that I subsequently forgot."

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He also said:

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"I never asked anyone to repeat a hadith

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ever,

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nor did I ever doubt a single hadith

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except for one;

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so I asked my companion,

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and it was exactly as

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I had memorized it."

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It seems that al-Zuhri's retentive power

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became widely celebrated,

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so much so that his contemporary

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imams praised him for it.

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'Umar ibn 'Abd

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al-'Aziz said: "No one ever related

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hadith in the manner of

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al-Zuhri."

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And 'Amr ibn Dinar said:

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"I have never seen anyone

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more precise in quoting hadith verbatim than al-Zuhri."

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When doubts crossed

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the minds of some regarding his mastery

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and memorization, he was subjected to

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a test to verify

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the strength of his memory, for which he was renowned

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among the people—

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just as happened to Imam al-Bukhari

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with the scholars of Baghdad.

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It is mentioned that

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Hisham ibn 'Abd al-Malik

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asked al-Zuhri to write down

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for his sons some of his hadiths,

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so he dictated to his scribe

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four hundred hadiths.

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Then he went out to the scholars of

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hadith and narrated them

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to them. Later on,

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Hisham said to al-Zuhri:

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"That manuscript

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has been lost." Al-Zuhri replied:

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"Do not worry."

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He then dictated to them

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those very hadiths again.

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Hisham then produced the first

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manuscript, and behold:

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he had not missed a single letter!

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Indeed, Hisham

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had only intended to test his memory.

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And because

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Imam al-Zuhri held this sublime

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rank in memorization,

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the Commander of the Believers,

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'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him), commissioned him

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with the official compilation of hadith.

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Al-Zuhri said:

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"'Umar ibn 'Abd

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al-'Aziz commanded us to compile the Sunan,

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so we wrote them down notebook

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by notebook;

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then he dispatched to every land under

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his authority a notebook."

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Al-'Iraqi said:

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"The first to compile

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hadith was Ibn Shihab

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al-Zuhri, at the turn of

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the second century,

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[commissioned by] 'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz,

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who dispatched it to every

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land under his

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authority."

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For this reason, al-Suyuti says

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in his Alfiyyah:

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"The first compiler of hadith

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and athar

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was Ibn Shihab, commissioned by

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'Umar." His broad learning,

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may Allah have mercy on him:

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Ibn Shihab (may Allah have mercy on him) attained

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immense knowledge

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through the extraordinary memory Allah granted him,

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his brilliant intellect,

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and his great eagerness

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to hear from the masters,

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sit with them, and receive knowledge from them.

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As a result, he became

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exceptionally well-read,

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possessing vast material

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and encyclopedic knowledge.

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This was recognized in him

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by anyone who questioned him, sat with him,

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or sought knowledge under him.

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His erudition was not confined

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to a single aspect

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of knowledge;

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rather, his scholarship was multifaceted.

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Al-Layth said:

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"I have never seen a scholar

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more comprehensive than Ibn Shihab.

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If you heard him narrate

00:10:48.889 --> 00:10:50.889
regarding encouragement and deterrence,

00:10:50.889 --> 00:10:52.889
you would say he excels

00:10:52.889 --> 00:10:54.889
in nothing else;

00:10:54.889 --> 00:10:56.889
if he spoke of the Prophets

00:10:56.889 --> 00:10:58.889
and the People of the Book,

00:10:58.889 --> 00:11:00.889
you would say he excels only in this;

00:11:00.889 --> 00:11:02.889
if he spoke

00:11:02.889 --> 00:11:04.889
of the Bedouins and genealogies,

00:11:04.889 --> 00:11:06.889
you would say he excels

00:11:06.889 --> 00:11:08.919
only in this;

00:11:08.919 --> 00:11:10.919
and if he spoke of the Qur'an and the Sunnah,

00:11:10.919 --> 00:11:12.919
his discourse was

00:11:12.919 --> 00:11:14.919
marvelous and all-encompassing."

00:11:14.919 --> 00:11:17.110
Yet, despite this vast

00:11:17.110 --> 00:11:19.110
knowledge,

00:11:19.110 --> 00:11:21.110
he was remarkably humble,

00:11:21.110 --> 00:11:23.110
acknowledging the merit of others.

00:11:23.110 --> 00:11:25.110
Hence, he said:

00:11:25.110 --> 00:11:27.110
"I used to think that I

00:11:27.110 --> 00:11:29.110
had acquired a great deal of knowledge,

00:11:29.110 --> 00:11:31.110
until I sat with 'Ubaydullah

00:11:31.110 --> 00:11:33.110
ibn 'Abdullah ibn 'Utbah;

00:11:33.110 --> 00:11:35.110
then it felt as if I

00:11:35.110 --> 00:11:37.110
were merely in one small mountain pass among many."

00:11:37.110 --> 00:11:39.460
Furthermore,

00:11:39.460 --> 00:11:41.460
al-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) was an expert

00:11:41.460 --> 00:11:43.460
in pedagogical psychology:

00:11:43.460 --> 00:11:45.460
he knew when knowledge reaches the soul

00:11:45.460 --> 00:11:47.460
and takes root, and when the soul turns away

00:11:47.460 --> 00:11:49.460
from it. For this reason,

00:11:49.460 --> 00:11:51.460
he gave advice to scholars.

00:11:51.460 --> 00:11:53.529
It is reported on the authority of Hammad

00:11:53.529 --> 00:11:55.529
ibn Zayd that he said:

00:11:55.529 --> 00:11:57.529
"Al-Zuhri would teach hadith,

00:11:57.529 --> 00:11:59.529
and then say:

00:11:59.529 --> 00:12:01.529
'Bring forth some of your poetry

00:12:01.529 --> 00:12:03.529
and casual conversation,

00:12:03.529 --> 00:12:05.529
for the ear is prone to weariness,

00:12:05.529 --> 00:12:07.529
and the soul craves a refreshing change.'"

00:12:07.529 --> 00:12:09.620
And on the authority of Ma'mar,

00:12:09.620 --> 00:12:11.620
from al-Zuhri, who said:

00:12:11.620 --> 00:12:13.620
"Whenever a gathering lasts too long,

00:12:13.620 --> 00:12:15.620
Satan claims

00:12:15.620 --> 00:12:17.980
a share in it."

00:12:17.980 --> 00:12:19.980
Because of this profound scholarly mastery possessed by

00:12:19.980 --> 00:12:21.980
Ibn Shihab, 'Umar

00:12:21.980 --> 00:12:23.980
ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz urged the people

00:12:23.980 --> 00:12:25.980
to learn from him, saying:

00:12:25.980 --> 00:12:27.980
"You must adhere to this

00:12:27.980 --> 00:12:29.980
Ibn Shihab,

00:12:29.980 --> 00:12:31.980
for you will not meet anyone

00:12:31.980 --> 00:12:33.980
more knowledgeable of the past Sunnah than him."

00:12:33.980 --> 00:12:37.129
His death,

00:12:37.129 --> 00:12:39.480
may Allah have mercy on him:

00:12:39.480 --> 00:12:41.480
Imam al-Zuhri passed away

00:12:41.480 --> 00:12:43.480
on the night of Tuesday,

00:12:43.480 --> 00:12:45.480
seventeen nights

00:12:45.480 --> 00:12:47.480
having passed of Ramadan,

00:12:47.480 --> 00:12:49.480
in the year one hundred and twenty-four

00:12:49.480 --> 00:12:51.480
of the Hijrah.

00:12:51.480 --> 00:12:53.480
He owned an estate in Shaghb,

00:12:53.480 --> 00:12:55.480
which marks the furthest border of the Hijaz

00:12:55.480 --> 00:12:57.480
and the beginning of Palestine.

00:12:57.480 --> 00:12:59.480
He went there,

00:12:59.480 --> 00:13:01.480
fell ill there,

00:13:01.480 --> 00:13:03.480
and died there,

00:13:03.480 --> 00:13:05.480
and his grave is located there.

00:13:05.480 --> 00:13:07.539
He had instructed to be buried there

00:13:07.539 --> 00:13:09.539
right by the roadside

00:13:09.539 --> 00:13:11.539
so that passersby would pray for him.

00:13:11.539 --> 00:13:13.769
Al-Awza'i once stood

00:13:13.769 --> 00:13:15.769
one day

00:13:15.769 --> 00:13:17.769
beside his grave and said:

00:13:17.769 --> 00:13:19.769
"O grave!

00:13:19.769 --> 00:13:21.769
How much knowledge

00:13:21.769 --> 00:13:23.860
and forbearance do you contain!

00:13:23.860 --> 00:13:25.860
O grave!

00:13:25.860 --> 00:13:27.860
How much knowledge

00:13:27.860 --> 00:13:29.860
and nobility do you contain!"

00:13:29.860 --> 00:13:31.860
Verses and Rulings;

00:13:31.860 --> 00:13:35.980
Ramadan:

00:13:35.980 --> 00:13:37.980
Events

00:13:37.980 --> 00:13:39.980
and Lessons.