WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:05.469 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.469 --> 00:00:07.469 A summary of the book: 00:00:07.469 --> 00:00:11.470 Ramadan: Events and Lessons. 00:00:11.470 --> 00:00:15.259 The Conquest of Makkah. 00:00:15.259 --> 00:00:20.260 The time was the tenth day of Ramadan, 00:00:20.260 --> 00:00:23.260 in the eighth year of the Hijrah. 00:00:23.260 --> 00:00:29.399 Achieving one’s hopes and the triumph of truth over falsehood 00:00:29.399 --> 00:00:32.399 are not matters attained through mere dreams, 00:00:32.399 --> 00:00:35.399 nor are they reached in a short span of time, 00:00:35.399 --> 00:00:38.399 or by following a path of ease and comfort. 00:00:38.399 --> 00:00:41.399 Rather, such a noble objective 00:00:41.399 --> 00:00:44.399 requires sincere efforts, 00:00:44.399 --> 00:00:47.399 sound and continuous actions, 00:00:47.399 --> 00:00:50.399 an extended period of time, 00:00:50.399 --> 00:00:53.399 and a generous expenditure of effort accompanied by 00:00:53.399 --> 00:00:56.399 hardship and a lack of indulgence. 00:00:56.399 --> 00:00:59.399 That is the true ascension 00:00:59.399 --> 00:01:02.399 by which the climber reaches the horizons of happy hope. 00:01:02.399 --> 00:01:05.560 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was driven out, 00:01:05.560 --> 00:01:08.560 along with his emigrant Companions, from Makkah, 00:01:08.560 --> 00:01:12.560 which was the most beloved of Allah’s lands to their hearts. 00:01:12.560 --> 00:01:15.560 They endured the agony of separation, 00:01:15.560 --> 00:01:19.560 and thereafter encountered various kinds of hardships, 00:01:19.560 --> 00:01:21.560 from fighting the disbelievers, 00:01:21.560 --> 00:01:24.560 both the polytheists and the People of the Scripture among them. 00:01:24.560 --> 00:01:28.590 The rest of the Arabs attacked them in unison, 00:01:28.590 --> 00:01:31.590 and they were prevented from visiting 00:01:31.590 --> 00:01:33.590 the Sacred House. 00:01:33.590 --> 00:01:37.590 Throughout this, they were not safe from the arrogance of Quraysh 00:01:37.590 --> 00:01:39.659 and its pride, 00:01:39.659 --> 00:01:42.659 until the day of Hudaybiyyah arrived. 00:01:42.659 --> 00:01:44.659 A peace treaty was concluded based on terms, 00:01:44.659 --> 00:01:48.689 some of which the Muslims disliked, 00:01:48.689 --> 00:01:51.689 yet Allah the Exalted made that very matter 00:01:51.689 --> 00:01:55.689 which they disliked a path to what they loved. 00:01:55.689 --> 00:01:58.689 In this was a great educational lesson: 00:01:59.689 --> 00:02:02.689 that disliked things may lead to beloved outcomes 00:02:02.689 --> 00:02:05.819 for those who are patient and seek reward from Allah. 00:02:05.819 --> 00:02:07.819 The Muslims remained patient in accepting 00:02:07.819 --> 00:02:09.819 all those terms, 00:02:09.819 --> 00:02:11.819 in obedience to Allah the Exalted 00:02:11.819 --> 00:02:14.819 and His Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:02:14.819 --> 00:02:17.939 They did not know that some of those terms 00:02:17.939 --> 00:02:20.939 would be a gateway to a great affair, 00:02:20.939 --> 00:02:22.939 bringing them security 00:02:22.939 --> 00:02:25.939 beyond what they had hoped for. 00:02:25.939 --> 00:02:34.199 “Warfare is ordained for you, though it is hateful unto you; but it may happen that ye hate a thing which is good for you, and it may happen that ye love a thing which is bad for you. Allah knoweth, ye know not.” (2:216) 00:02:34.199 --> 00:02:42.199 “Warfare is ordained for you, though it is hateful unto you; but it may happen that ye hate a thing which is good for you, and it may happen that ye love a thing which is bad for you. Allah knoweth, ye know not.” (2:216) 00:02:42.199 --> 00:02:48.199 Allah knows, while you do not know. 00:02:48.199 --> 00:02:51.800 The Dawn of the Conquest. 00:02:51.800 --> 00:02:56.280 Among the terms of the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah was 00:02:56.280 --> 00:03:01.280 that whoever wished to enter into a covenant with the Muslims could do so, 00:03:01.280 --> 00:03:05.280 and whoever wished to enter into a covenant with Quraysh could do so. 00:03:05.280 --> 00:03:10.280 The one who entered was considered part of that faction, 00:03:10.280 --> 00:03:15.280 and any aggression against them was considered aggression against that faction. 00:03:15.280 --> 00:03:18.280 Thus, the Khuza'ah tribe entered into the covenant of the Muslims, 00:03:18.280 --> 00:03:22.280 and the Banu Bakr entered into the covenant of the polytheists. 00:03:22.280 --> 00:03:25.280 There were old blood feuds between the two tribes. 00:03:25.280 --> 00:03:30.280 One day, some of the Banu Bakr raided 00:03:30.280 --> 00:03:33.280 the Khuza'ah with the assistance of Quraysh, 00:03:33.280 --> 00:03:36.280 killing a number of them. 00:03:36.280 --> 00:03:42.280 'Amr ibn Salim al-Khuza'i hurried to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 00:03:42.280 --> 00:03:44.379 crying out for help. 00:03:44.379 --> 00:03:48.379 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) answered him, 00:03:48.379 --> 00:03:50.469 and responded to his call. 00:03:50.469 --> 00:03:54.469 When Quraysh realized the consequences of their actions, 00:03:54.469 --> 00:03:59.469 they sent Abu Sufyan to Madinah to apologize and renew the treaty, 00:03:59.469 --> 00:04:04.469 but he did not succeed in that political visit. 00:04:04.469 --> 00:04:10.469 The matter had surpassed the acceptance of political apologies and diplomatic efforts, 00:04:10.469 --> 00:04:13.469 so a military solution was necessary 00:04:13.469 --> 00:04:16.569 to uproot the problem from its foundations. 00:04:16.569 --> 00:04:21.569 Thus, it is known that the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah was the gateway to the conquests, 00:04:21.569 --> 00:04:24.569 the conquest of Khaybar and the conquest of Makkah. 00:04:24.569 --> 00:04:26.629 Allah the Exalted said: 00:04:42.920 --> 00:04:47.920 "And a near victory" — the most correct opinion is that this refers to the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah. 00:04:47.920 --> 00:04:51.920 According to the hadith of Sahl ibn Hunayf (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:04:51.920 --> 00:04:56.920 "We were with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) on the day of Hudaybiyyah, 00:04:56.920 --> 00:04:59.920 and had we seen fighting, we would have fought." 00:04:59.920 --> 00:05:05.019 Then 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) came and said: 00:05:05.019 --> 00:05:10.019 "O Messenger of Allah, are we not on the truth and they on falsehood?" 00:05:10.019 --> 00:05:12.019 He replied, "Yes." 00:05:12.019 --> 00:05:17.019 He asked, "Are our dead not in Paradise and theirs in the Fire?" 00:05:17.019 --> 00:05:19.019 He replied, "Yes." 00:05:19.019 --> 00:05:23.019 He said, "Then why should we accept humiliation in our religion? 00:05:23.019 --> 00:05:28.019 Shall we return before Allah has judged between us and them?" 00:05:28.019 --> 00:05:31.019 He replied, "O son of al-Khattab, 00:05:31.019 --> 00:05:36.019 I am the Messenger of Allah, and He will never let me down." 00:05:36.019 --> 00:05:39.079 'Umar went to Abu Bakr 00:05:39.079 --> 00:05:43.079 and said to him what he had said to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:05:43.079 --> 00:05:45.079 He replied: 00:05:45.079 --> 00:05:50.079 "He is the Messenger of Allah, and Allah will never let him down." 00:05:50.079 --> 00:05:53.079 Then Surah al-Fath was revealed, 00:05:53.079 --> 00:05:59.079 and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) recited it to 'Umar until the end. 00:05:59.079 --> 00:06:00.079 'Umar then asked: 00:06:00.079 --> 00:06:04.079 "O Messenger of Allah, is it a conquest?" 00:06:04.079 --> 00:06:07.040 He replied, "Yes." 00:06:07.040 --> 00:06:09.040 The Road to Makkah. 00:06:09.389 --> 00:06:11.389 On Wednesday, 00:06:11.389 --> 00:06:14.389 the tenth day of Ramadan, 00:06:14.389 --> 00:06:16.389 in the eighth year of the Hijrah, 00:06:16.389 --> 00:06:21.389 the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) left Madinah 00:06:21.389 --> 00:06:25.389 with an army of ten thousand fighters. 00:06:25.389 --> 00:06:30.389 Here, the hopes of the Muslims began to appear on the horizon, 00:06:30.389 --> 00:06:33.389 and the hearts of the Emigrants, in particular, began 00:06:33.389 --> 00:06:36.389 to cast off their heavy sorrow 00:06:36.389 --> 00:06:41.389 which Quraysh had sown in them throughout the past years. 00:06:41.389 --> 00:06:45.389 They were to experience joy in the atmosphere of the glory of faith, 00:06:45.389 --> 00:06:50.389 after having lived for a time under the yoke of oppression and sadness. 00:06:50.389 --> 00:06:52.709 The believers set out, 00:06:52.709 --> 00:06:57.709 driven by a great longing to enter the Sacred City 00:06:57.709 --> 00:07:00.709 and to raise the banner of Tawhid (monotheism) over it, 00:07:00.709 --> 00:07:05.970 after the banners of polytheism had been raised there for a long time. 00:07:05.970 --> 00:07:11.970 They marched, burning with rage against those who had driven the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 00:07:11.970 --> 00:07:15.000 out of his secure city, 00:07:15.000 --> 00:07:19.000 harmed him, and attacked the Muslims during the Makkan period, 00:07:19.000 --> 00:07:24.129 and obstructed the path of Allah for nearly twenty years. 00:07:24.129 --> 00:07:29.129 They set out toward it with a force the likes of which the Muslims had never gathered before, 00:07:29.129 --> 00:07:34.350 nor could Quraysh withstand, no matter how many they gathered. 00:07:34.350 --> 00:07:37.350 Indeed, the Muslims this time 00:07:37.350 --> 00:07:40.350 did not doubt the conquest and the entry into Makkah, 00:07:40.350 --> 00:07:43.350 and the erasing of the idols of paganism therein. 00:07:43.350 --> 00:07:50.350 They proceeded with certainty in the help of Allah the Exalted to realize that beautiful dream 00:07:50.350 --> 00:07:54.639 which had haunted them for many years. 00:07:54.639 --> 00:08:00.639 It was necessary to send a psychological message to Makkah before entering it, 00:08:00.639 --> 00:08:03.639 so that it might desist from its transgression this time, 00:08:03.639 --> 00:08:08.639 and surrender the leadership of Makkah to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 00:08:08.639 --> 00:08:13.639 to spread the light of guidance through it to the east and the west. 00:08:13.639 --> 00:08:17.639 Therefore, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) conducted 00:08:17.639 --> 00:08:21.639 military displays of the Islamic army, 00:08:21.639 --> 00:08:24.639 with Abu Sufyan present, witnessing it. 00:08:24.639 --> 00:08:28.639 He had already announced his Islam at that time, 00:08:28.639 --> 00:08:32.639 and he was awestruck by what he saw of the Islamic power. 00:08:32.639 --> 00:08:37.639 He returned to Makkah to warn them against opposing the Messenger of Allah and those with him. 00:08:37.639 --> 00:08:42.639 His words were received with belief by the wise among them, 00:08:42.639 --> 00:08:47.639 although there was a faction of Quraysh overcome by recklessness, 00:08:47.639 --> 00:08:50.639 so they stood on some of the roads of Makkah 00:08:50.639 --> 00:08:53.639 and skirmished with the Islamic army briefly, 00:08:53.639 --> 00:08:58.639 where some were killed and the rest fled, 00:08:58.639 --> 00:09:04.639 allowing Makkah to open its heart to mercy for the entry of the sacred march, 00:09:04.639 --> 00:09:09.639 which would cleanse Makkah from the filth of polytheism and the authority of its people. 00:09:09.639 --> 00:09:13.149 The Entry into Makkah. 00:09:13.149 --> 00:09:18.500 On the twentieth day of Ramadan in the eighth year of the Hijrah, 00:09:18.500 --> 00:09:23.500 the vanguards of the army of faith entered Makkah from various directions, 00:09:23.500 --> 00:09:27.500 and it continued to flow in groups, 00:09:27.500 --> 00:09:32.500 until Makkah embraced that entire pure army. 00:09:32.500 --> 00:09:37.500 How great and beautiful those moments were in the souls of the believers, 00:09:37.500 --> 00:09:40.500 and how difficult they were in the souls of the polytheists, 00:09:40.500 --> 00:09:45.500 the day they saw Muhammad ibn 'Abdullah entering the Sacred Mosque, 00:09:45.500 --> 00:09:48.500 with the Emigrants and the Ansar around him. 00:09:48.500 --> 00:09:50.500 He touched the Black Stone, 00:09:50.500 --> 00:09:52.500 performed the circumambulation of the House, 00:09:52.500 --> 00:09:57.500 and struck the standing idols with his bow until they fell. 00:09:57.500 --> 00:10:00.500 For with this conquest, the truth had come, 00:10:00.500 --> 00:10:02.500 and falsehood had vanished. 00:10:02.500 --> 00:10:05.500 “And say: Truth hath come and falsehood hath vanished away. Lo! falsehood is ever bound to vanish.” (17:81) 00:10:05.500 --> 00:10:09.629 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) ascended into the Ka'bah, 00:10:09.629 --> 00:10:11.629 prayed there, 00:10:11.629 --> 00:10:15.629 and remembered Allah, declared His oneness, and magnified Him, 00:10:15.629 --> 00:10:20.629 announcing the end of the authority of paganism in this blessed spot, 00:10:20.629 --> 00:10:24.629 and the beginning of raising the banner of Tawhid therein. 00:10:24.629 --> 00:10:29.659 While the Muslims were surrounded by happiness from every side, 00:10:29.659 --> 00:10:34.659 the polytheists were awaiting the judgment of the Messenger of Allah regarding them. 00:10:34.659 --> 00:10:38.659 What would he do with those who had obstructed His path, 00:10:38.659 --> 00:10:42.659 tortured his Companions, killed those they killed, 00:10:42.659 --> 00:10:47.659 and committed against them various acts of warfare and harm? 00:10:47.659 --> 00:10:52.860 There is no doubt they were living in a terrifying psychological state, 00:10:52.860 --> 00:10:55.860 under his authority and in his presence. 00:10:55.860 --> 00:10:59.860 Then the noble Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) appeared, 00:10:59.860 --> 00:11:03.860 holding the doorframe of the Ka'bah, 00:11:03.860 --> 00:11:06.860 and declared the testimony of Tawhid. 00:11:06.860 --> 00:11:12.860 He trampled the vestiges of the Age of Ignorance and its misguided customs under his feet, 00:11:12.860 --> 00:11:16.860 and explained that the arrogance of the Age of Ignorance had vanished, 00:11:16.860 --> 00:11:19.860 and that the only scale is the scale of piety. 00:11:19.860 --> 00:11:23.919 Then he announced his final judgment regarding Quraysh, 00:11:23.919 --> 00:11:27.919 which was the moment everyone was waiting for. 00:11:27.919 --> 00:11:32.919 He sent forth, through his truthful voice, words of pardon and forgiveness. 00:11:32.919 --> 00:11:36.919 The clouds of fear cleared from Quraysh, 00:11:36.919 --> 00:11:41.919 and they acknowledged once again the nobility of Muhammad ibn 'Abdullah, 00:11:41.919 --> 00:11:43.919 and the greatness of his character. 00:11:43.919 --> 00:11:49.019 They returned to blaming themselves for opposing him. 00:11:49.019 --> 00:11:51.019 It was only moments later 00:11:51.019 --> 00:11:56.019 that Bilal ibn Rabah raised the call to prayer loudly, 00:11:56.019 --> 00:12:02.019 announcing the beginning of a new era in the House of Allah. 00:12:02.019 --> 00:12:07.019 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) descended to pray, 00:12:07.019 --> 00:12:10.909 and the people prayed with him. 00:12:10.909 --> 00:12:13.909 In this event are lessons: 00:12:13.909 --> 00:12:17.909 First, that Allah’s choice for His believing servant 00:12:17.909 --> 00:12:20.909 is better than the believer’s choice for himself, 00:12:20.909 --> 00:12:24.909 so let him submit the matter to Him in what he loves and what he dislikes. 00:12:24.909 --> 00:12:31.980 Second, there is no prohibition against establishing truces with warring disbelievers 00:12:31.980 --> 00:12:35.980 if it does not involve compromising the fundamentals of the religion. 00:12:35.980 --> 00:12:40.139 Third, forgiveness when one has the power to punish, 00:12:40.139 --> 00:12:46.139 if it leads to benefits that return with good for Islam and the Muslims, 00:12:46.139 --> 00:12:50.330 is better than exercising the hand of vengeance. 00:12:50.330 --> 00:12:55.330 Fourth, people submit to the rule of power, 00:12:55.330 --> 00:13:01.679 but how beautiful the matter is if that power is just. 00:13:01.679 --> 00:13:09.679 Fifth, the call of truth needs power to support it and defend it against its enemies, 00:13:09.679 --> 00:13:16.919 and through this, it spreads and its people remain steadfast upon it. 00:13:16.919 --> 00:13:20.919 Ramadan: Events and Lessons.