WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.169 --> 00:00:08.050 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.550 --> 00:00:12.710 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:13.919 --> 00:00:15.960 Surah al-Kahf. 00:00:15.960 --> 00:00:22.350 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:22.350 --> 00:00:27.910 “Praise be to Allah Who hath revealed the Scripture unto His slave, and hath not placed therein any crookedness,” (18:1) 00:00:27.910 --> 00:00:31.109 “Praise be to Allah Who hath revealed the Scripture unto His slave, and hath not placed therein any crookedness,” (18:1) 00:00:32.200 --> 00:00:36.439 Praise be to Allah, who singled out Muhammad, peace be upon him, for His message. 00:00:36.439 --> 00:00:40.119 He sent him forth to His creation as a prophet and messenger. 00:00:40.119 --> 00:00:44.679 And He revealed to him His Book, in which there is no crookedness or deviation. 00:00:44.679 --> 00:00:52.369 “(But hath made it) straight, to give warning of stern punishment from Him, and to bring unto the believers who do good works the news that theirs will be a fair reward,” (18:2) 00:00:52.369 --> 00:00:55.490 And to give glad tidings to the believers. 00:00:55.490 --> 00:01:00.850 And to give glad tidings to the believers who perform righteous deeds. 00:01:00.850 --> 00:01:04.810 “(But hath made it) straight, to give warning of stern punishment from Him, and to bring unto the believers who do good works the news that theirs will be a fair reward,” (18:2) 00:01:04.810 --> 00:01:08.900 That they shall remain therein forever. 00:01:08.900 --> 00:01:11.140 Balanced and upright. 00:01:11.140 --> 00:01:16.909 To warn you, O people, of a severe punishment coming directly from Allah. 00:01:16.909 --> 00:01:20.189 And to give glad tidings to those who believe in Allah and His Messenger. 00:01:20.189 --> 00:01:25.150 That those who perform righteous deeds shall have a great reward. 00:01:25.150 --> 00:01:26.829 Which is Paradise. 00:01:26.829 --> 00:01:32.599 Remaining therein forever, neither moving from it nor being removed. 00:01:32.640 --> 00:01:39.280 “And to warn those who say: Allah hath chosen a son,” (18:4) 00:01:39.920 --> 00:01:45.640 And He also warns those who said, "Allah has taken a son." 00:01:45.640 --> 00:01:48.480 From among the polytheists of his people and others. 00:01:48.480 --> 00:01:51.280 Of the might of Allah and His swift retribution. 00:01:51.280 --> 00:01:55.640 And the punishment that awaits them for that claim of theirs. 00:01:55.640 --> 00:02:03.040 “(A thing) whereof they have no knowledge, nor (had) their fathers, Dreadful is the word that cometh out of their mouths. They speak naught but a lie.” (18:5) 00:02:03.040 --> 00:02:07.560 “(A thing) whereof they have no knowledge, nor (had) their fathers, Dreadful is the word that cometh out of their mouths. They speak naught but a lie.” (18:5) 00:02:07.560 --> 00:02:12.439 “(A thing) whereof they have no knowledge, nor (had) their fathers, Dreadful is the word that cometh out of their mouths. They speak naught but a lie.” (18:5) 00:02:12.439 --> 00:02:18.069 These people who make this claim about Allah have no knowledge. 00:02:18.069 --> 00:02:23.909 Nor did their forefathers who passed before them have any knowledge of Allah and His greatness. 00:02:23.909 --> 00:02:29.310 The gravity of the word—a word that issues from the mouths of these people. 00:02:29.310 --> 00:02:32.150 What these claimants say. 00:02:32.189 --> 00:02:34.430 "Allah has taken a son." 00:02:34.430 --> 00:02:39.620 Is nothing but a lie and a fabrication they have invented against Allah. 00:02:39.620 --> 00:02:44.659 So perhaps you would kill yourself with grief over their footsteps. 00:02:44.659 --> 00:02:50.340 “Yet it may be, if they believe not in this statement, that thou (Muhammad) wilt torment thy soul with grief over their footsteps.” (18:6) 00:02:50.340 --> 00:02:56.180 So perhaps you, O Muhammad, would destroy and exhaust yourself over the footsteps of your people. 00:02:56.180 --> 00:03:00.620 Because they did not believe in this Book which I have revealed to you. 00:03:00.620 --> 00:03:04.419 Out of sorrow, regret, and anguish. 00:03:04.659 --> 00:03:09.659 “Lo! We have placed all that is on the earth as an ornament thereof that We may try them: which of them is best in conduct.” (18:7) 00:03:09.659 --> 00:03:15.020 That We may test them as to which of them is best in deed. 00:03:15.020 --> 00:03:18.939 Indeed, We have made that which is on the earth an adornment for it. 00:03:18.939 --> 00:03:22.500 To test Our servants as to which of them is most detached from it. 00:03:22.500 --> 00:03:25.060 And most obedient to Our command and prohibition. 00:03:25.060 --> 00:03:28.789 And most active in it through obedience to Us. 00:03:28.789 --> 00:03:37.539 And indeed, We will make what is upon it a barren wasteland. 00:03:37.539 --> 00:03:43.939 And We will destroy it after We have built it up with the adornments We placed upon it. 00:03:43.939 --> 00:03:49.900 Making it devoid of vegetation, crops, or trees. 00:03:49.900 --> 00:03:59.750 “Or deemest thou that the People of the Cave and the Inscription are a wonder among Our portents?” (18:9) 00:03:59.949 --> 00:04:04.949 For the creation of the heavens and the earth and all the wonders within them. 00:04:04.949 --> 00:04:07.949 Is more wondrous than the affair of the People of the Cave. 00:04:07.949 --> 00:04:13.949 And My proof in all of that is established against these polytheists from your people. 00:04:13.949 --> 00:04:19.949 And the "Raqim" is a tablet, a stone, or something upon which a writing was inscribed. 00:04:19.949 --> 00:04:23.430 When the youths took refuge in the cave. 00:04:24.430 --> 00:04:28.100 When the youths sought shelter in the mountain cave. 00:04:28.100 --> 00:04:31.100 Fleeing with their religion to Allah. 00:04:31.100 --> 00:04:38.100 So they said when they took shelter, "Our Lord, grant us from Yourself mercy." 00:04:38.100 --> 00:04:42.100 “When the young men fled for refuge to the Cave and said: Our Lord! Give us mercy from Thy presence, and shape for us right conduct in our plight.” (18:10) 00:04:42.100 --> 00:04:47.029 “When the young men fled for refuge to the Cave and said: Our Lord! Give us mercy from Thy presence, and shape for us right conduct in our plight.” (18:10) 00:04:47.029 --> 00:04:50.029 When the youths sought shelter in the mountain cave. 00:04:50.029 --> 00:04:53.100 Fleeing with their religion to Allah. 00:04:53.100 --> 00:04:58.100 So they said when they took shelter, "Our Lord, grant us from Yourself mercy." 00:04:58.100 --> 00:05:02.100 And facilitate for us, in what we seek and desire of Your pleasure. 00:05:02.100 --> 00:05:05.990 A path toward acting upon what You love. 00:05:05.990 --> 00:05:11.990 “Then We sealed up their hearing in the Cave for a number of years.” (18:11) 00:05:11.990 --> 00:05:19.990 Then We awakened them so that We might know which of the two factions was more accurate in calculating the duration they had remained. 00:05:19.990 --> 00:05:25.920 So We cast a veil of sleep over their ears in the cave for a number of years. 00:05:25.920 --> 00:05:30.920 Then We awakened these youths who had taken refuge in the cave. 00:05:30.920 --> 00:05:33.920 So that My servants might look and learn through investigation. 00:05:33.920 --> 00:05:40.920 Which of the two groups that differed regarding the duration of the youths' stay in their cave while asleep. 00:05:40.920 --> 00:05:43.920 Was more correct regarding the length of their stay therein. 00:05:43.920 --> 00:05:50.170 “We narrate unto thee their story with truth. Lo! they were young men who believed in their Lord, and We increased them in guidance.” (18:13) 00:05:50.170 --> 00:05:56.170 Indeed, they were youths who believed in their Lord, and We increased them in guidance. 00:05:56.170 --> 00:06:03.899 We, O Muhammad, relate to you the story of these youths who took refuge in the cave. 00:06:03.899 --> 00:06:06.899 With truth and certainty, in which there is no doubt. 00:06:06.899 --> 00:06:09.899 Indeed, the youths who took refuge in the cave. 00:06:09.899 --> 00:06:12.899 Were youths who believed in their Lord. 00:06:12.899 --> 00:06:18.899 And We increased them in faith and insight into their religion, in addition to their belief in their Lord. 00:06:18.899 --> 00:06:34.800 “And We made firm their hearts when they stood forth and said: Our Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth. We cry unto no Allah beside Him, for then should we utter an enormity.” (18:14) 00:06:34.800 --> 00:06:38.800 “And We made firm their hearts when they stood forth and said: Our Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth. We cry unto no Allah beside Him, for then should we utter an enormity.” (18:14) 00:06:38.800 --> 00:06:43.800 “And We made firm their hearts when they stood forth and said: Our Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth. We cry unto no Allah beside Him, for then should we utter an enormity.” (18:14) 00:06:43.800 --> 00:06:46.540 And We inspired them with patience. 00:06:47.540 --> 00:06:50.540 And We strengthened their hearts with the light of faith. 00:06:50.540 --> 00:06:54.540 When they stood before the tyrant. 00:06:54.540 --> 00:06:56.540 And they said to him. 00:06:56.540 --> 00:07:01.540 "Our Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth and whatever is in them of anything." 00:07:01.540 --> 00:07:05.540 "We will never invoke any deity other than the Lord of the heavens and the earth." 00:07:05.540 --> 00:07:10.540 "For if we were to invoke a deity other than the Lord of the heavens and the earth." 00:07:10.540 --> 00:07:14.540 "We would have spoken, then, an outrageous statement of falsehood." 00:07:14.540 --> 00:07:19.779 Exceeding its bounds in vanity and excess. 00:07:19.779 --> 00:07:27.009 “These, our people, have chosen (other) gods beside Him though they bring no clear warrant (vouchsafed) to them. And who doth greater wrong than he who inventeth a lie concerning Allah?” (18:15) 00:07:27.009 --> 00:07:32.009 “These, our people, have chosen (other) gods beside Him though they bring no clear warrant (vouchsafed) to them. And who doth greater wrong than he who inventeth a lie concerning Allah?” (18:15) 00:07:32.009 --> 00:07:38.009 So who is more unjust than one who invents a lie against Allah? 00:07:38.009 --> 00:07:42.810 "These people of ours have taken deities other than Allah." 00:07:42.810 --> 00:07:45.810 "Worshipping them instead of Him." 00:07:45.810 --> 00:07:50.810 "Why do they not bring a clear authority for their worship of them?" 00:07:50.810 --> 00:07:55.810 And who is more aggressive and polytheistic toward Allah than one who fabricates a lie. 00:07:55.810 --> 00:08:00.810 And associates with Allah in His dominion a partner whom he worships instead of Him. 00:08:00.810 --> 00:08:07.740 "And when you have withdrawn from them and that which they worship other than Allah." 00:08:07.740 --> 00:08:11.740 "Then take refuge in the cave." 00:08:11.740 --> 00:08:15.740 "And your Lord will spread for you of His mercy." 00:08:15.740 --> 00:08:25.339 “And when ye withdraw from them and that which they worship except Allah, then seek refuge in the Cave; your Lord will spread for you of His mercy and will prepare for you a pillow in your plight.” (18:16) 00:08:25.339 --> 00:08:31.339 And when you, O youths, withdraw from your people who worship deities other than Allah. 00:08:31.339 --> 00:08:36.340 Then betake yourselves to the mountain cave which is called "Jalus." 00:08:36.340 --> 00:08:39.340 Your Lord will spread for you of His mercy. 00:08:39.340 --> 00:08:44.340 And He will facilitate for you the way out of the situation in which you have been placed. 00:08:44.340 --> 00:08:49.340 And He will make easy for you, regarding your affair in which you find yourselves of grief and distress. 00:08:49.340 --> 00:08:54.299 That which you may benefit from. 00:08:54.299 --> 00:08:59.299 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.