WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:09.779 Riyad al-Salihin: The Gardens of the Righteous from the Words of the Master of Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:09.779 --> 00:00:16.410 Chapter on the prohibition of reviling a Muslim without just cause 00:00:16.410 --> 00:00:19.750 Allah the Exalted says: 00:00:19.750 --> 00:00:31.940 And those who harm believing men and believing women for something they have not earned have certainly burdened themselves with a manifest slander and a clear sin. 00:00:31.940 --> 00:00:34.939 Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that he said: 00:00:34.939 --> 00:00:38.939 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:00:38.939 --> 00:00:41.939 Reviling a Muslim is an act of wickedness. 00:00:41.939 --> 00:00:43.939 And fighting him is an act of disbelief. 00:00:43.939 --> 00:00:46.060 Agreed upon by al-Bukhari and Muslim. 00:00:46.060 --> 00:00:48.899 Transgression 00:00:48.899 --> 00:00:51.899 That is, deviating from obedience to Allah and His Messenger. 00:00:51.899 --> 00:00:53.899 In the terminology of the Shari'ah, it refers to... 00:00:53.899 --> 00:00:55.899 More severe than disobedience. 00:00:55.899 --> 00:00:58.119 Reviling others. 00:00:58.119 --> 00:01:00.119 That is, verbal abuse and insults. 00:01:00.119 --> 00:01:04.120 And speaking about a person in a way that highlights his faults. 00:01:04.120 --> 00:01:06.859 Among the benefits of this hadith 00:01:06.859 --> 00:01:08.890 Reverencing the rights of a fellow Muslim. 00:01:08.890 --> 00:01:13.890 And the ruling regarding one who insults him unjustly is that he is a transgressor (fasiq). 00:01:13.890 --> 00:01:18.370 Some deeds are labeled as disbelief by way of stern warning. 00:01:18.370 --> 00:01:21.370 This falls under the category of a lesser form of disbelief that does not expel one from the fold of faith. 00:01:21.370 --> 00:01:25.579 Unless he deems it lawful for himself. 00:01:25.579 --> 00:01:28.579 And on the authority of Abu Dharr, may Allah be pleased with him 00:01:28.579 --> 00:01:33.579 He heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say: 00:01:33.579 --> 00:01:37.620 No man should accuse another of immorality or disbelief. 00:01:37.620 --> 00:01:39.620 unless it rebounded upon him. 00:01:39.620 --> 00:01:42.620 If its possessor is not like that. 00:01:42.620 --> 00:01:45.709 It was recorded by al-Bukhari. 00:01:45.709 --> 00:01:48.420 Among the benefits of the hadith 00:01:48.420 --> 00:01:50.540 Whoever says to another 00:01:50.540 --> 00:01:52.540 An evildoer or a disbeliever. 00:01:52.540 --> 00:01:55.540 If it does not contain that. 00:01:55.540 --> 00:01:58.989 For that returns to me. 00:01:58.989 --> 00:02:02.989 The permissibility of [the ruling regarding] one who sees a transgressor or a disbeliever. 00:02:02.989 --> 00:02:05.989 And he possessed clear evidence for that. 00:02:05.989 --> 00:02:08.990 That he may clarify this in order to warn against it. 00:02:08.990 --> 00:02:13.409 Warning the Muslims against disparaging one another. 00:02:13.409 --> 00:02:15.409 with open defiance or disbelief 00:02:15.409 --> 00:02:19.460 Narrated by Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him: 00:02:19.460 --> 00:02:24.460 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:02:24.460 --> 00:02:27.460 Regarding those who trade insults, whatever they say falls back upon the one who initiated it, provided the oppressed does not overstep the bounds. 00:02:27.460 --> 00:02:32.560 The one who initiates the aggression is the one at fault until the oppressed party retaliates. 00:02:32.560 --> 00:02:34.560 It was recorded by Muslim. 00:02:34.560 --> 00:02:37.330 The two people who are insulting one another. 00:02:37.330 --> 00:02:41.330 The two individuals who are insulting one another. 00:02:41.419 --> 00:02:43.419 What he said 00:02:43.419 --> 00:02:46.620 What a grave sin it is to utter such insults. 00:02:46.620 --> 00:02:49.620 until the oppressed person retaliates. 00:02:49.620 --> 00:02:52.620 Meaning, he exceeds the limits of seeking justice. 00:02:52.620 --> 00:02:56.419 Among the benefits of the hadith 00:02:56.419 --> 00:02:58.419 Reviling a Muslim is forbidden. 00:02:58.419 --> 00:03:01.900 The permissibility of one who has been insulted to defend himself. 00:03:01.900 --> 00:03:03.900 in the same manner as he insulted him. 00:03:03.900 --> 00:03:06.900 Provided it does not constitute a lie or a false accusation. 00:03:06.900 --> 00:03:10.439 If the person who has been insulted seeks retribution for himself. 00:03:10.439 --> 00:03:12.439 He received his full due for the injustice he suffered. 00:03:12.439 --> 00:03:14.439 And the first party was absolved of his right. 00:03:14.439 --> 00:03:17.439 And the sin of initiating it remains upon him. 00:03:17.439 --> 00:03:20.949 If the oppressed person exceeds the bounds in their retaliation. 00:03:20.949 --> 00:03:23.500 The sin attached to him. 00:03:23.500 --> 00:03:26.500 It is recommended to exercise patience and pardon towards the Muslims. 00:03:26.500 --> 00:03:29.500 So that the servant does not fall into transgression. 00:03:29.500 --> 00:03:32.979 The one who initiates evil and the act of initiation itself. 00:03:32.979 --> 00:03:35.979 He shall bear the sin of whoever follows his example in it. 00:03:35.979 --> 00:03:38.979 It does not diminish their burdens in the slightest. 00:03:38.979 --> 00:03:44.000 Narrated by Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:03:44.000 --> 00:03:47.000 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was approached. 00:03:47.000 --> 00:03:49.000 regarding a man who had consumed alcohol. 00:03:49.000 --> 00:03:52.030 He said, "Strike him." 00:03:52.030 --> 00:03:54.030 Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, said: 00:03:54.030 --> 00:03:56.030 So, who is the one striking with his hand? 00:03:56.030 --> 00:03:58.030 And he who strikes with his sandal. 00:03:58.030 --> 00:04:00.030 And the one who strikes with his garment. 00:04:00.030 --> 00:04:02.129 When he turned away. 00:04:02.129 --> 00:04:04.129 Some of the people said 00:04:04.129 --> 00:04:06.189 May Allah disgrace you. 00:04:06.189 --> 00:04:09.189 He said, "Do not say this." 00:04:09.189 --> 00:04:12.189 Do not assist the Shaytan against him. 00:04:12.189 --> 00:04:16.819 It was recorded by al-Bukhari. 00:04:16.819 --> 00:04:17.819 He has already drunk. 00:04:17.819 --> 00:04:19.819 That is, the consumption of intoxicants. 00:04:19.819 --> 00:04:23.079 Do not assist the Shaytan against him. 00:04:23.079 --> 00:04:26.079 That is, do not let Satan achieve his objective. 00:04:26.079 --> 00:04:28.079 And thus his objective is attained. 00:04:28.079 --> 00:04:31.079 For by adorning himself in this way, he intends to commit an act of disobedience against Allah. 00:04:31.079 --> 00:04:33.079 The attainment of disgrace. 00:04:33.079 --> 00:04:35.079 And if they invoke disgrace upon him. 00:04:35.079 --> 00:04:39.079 For the devil has indeed realized his hopes. 00:04:39.079 --> 00:04:41.850 Among the benefits of the hadith 00:04:41.850 --> 00:04:47.069 A refutation of those who claim that one who commits a major sin is a disbeliever. 00:04:47.069 --> 00:04:50.519 The negation of faith from the one who consumes alcohol. 00:04:50.519 --> 00:04:52.519 It is not intended to imply universality. 00:04:52.519 --> 00:04:57.060 Rather, the intention is to negate the perfection of faith. 00:04:57.060 --> 00:05:01.060 The permissibility of carrying out the prescribed punishment for a wine drinker by means of flogging. 00:05:01.060 --> 00:05:05.579 It is permissible to strike with sandals, the hand, or the edges of one's garment. 00:05:05.579 --> 00:05:10.019 Satan desires disgrace for the servants of Allah. 00:05:10.019 --> 00:05:15.540 Prohibiting people from assisting the devil in leading the servants of Allah astray. 00:05:15.540 --> 00:05:20.689 Narrated Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:05:20.689 --> 00:05:25.689 I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say: 00:05:25.689 --> 00:05:28.689 Whoever falsely accuses his slave of adultery 00:05:28.689 --> 00:05:31.689 The prescribed punishment for him shall be carried out on the Day of Resurrection. 00:05:31.689 --> 00:05:34.689 Unless it is as he said. 00:05:34.689 --> 00:05:36.779 Agreed upon by al-Bukhari and Muslim. 00:05:36.779 --> 00:05:40.389 To cast, meaning to throw. 00:05:40.389 --> 00:05:45.519 The hadd—that is, the specific punishment prescribed by the Shari'ah for one who falsely accuses another of unchastity. 00:05:45.519 --> 00:05:48.519 It is eighty lashes. 00:05:48.519 --> 00:05:51.259 Among the benefits of the hadith 00:05:51.259 --> 00:05:55.379 In Islamic law, the prescribed punishments serve both as a means of discipline and as a deterrent. 00:05:55.379 --> 00:05:58.379 These are both deterrents and atonements. 00:05:58.379 --> 00:06:01.829 The obligation of implementing the prescribed legal punishments (hudud) upon the servants of Allah. 00:06:02.829 --> 00:06:06.439 Whether they were free individuals or enslaved. 00:06:06.439 --> 00:06:10.790 A warning against people slandering one another. 00:06:10.790 --> 00:06:13.790 Whoever does not face retribution for his actions in this world 00:06:13.790 --> 00:06:19.610 I will exact retribution from him in the Hereafter. 00:06:19.610 --> 00:06:26.569 Chapter on the prohibition of reviling the deceased without a valid legal justification or religious interest. 00:06:26.569 --> 00:06:32.600 This constitutes a warning against following him in his innovations, his open defiance of religious law, and similar matters. 00:06:32.600 --> 00:06:37.600 This includes the verse and the hadiths previously mentioned in the preceding chapter. 00:06:37.600 --> 00:06:42.750 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, reported that she said: 00:06:42.750 --> 00:06:46.750 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:06:46.750 --> 00:06:48.750 Do not revile the dead. 00:06:48.750 --> 00:06:52.750 For they have reached the reward of what they sent ahead. 00:06:52.750 --> 00:06:55.879 Recorded by al-Bukhari. 00:06:55.879 --> 00:06:59.709 They reached, meaning they arrived. 00:06:59.709 --> 00:07:04.449 Whatever they have put forth, meaning of their deeds. 00:07:04.449 --> 00:07:06.449 Among the benefits of the hadith 00:07:06.449 --> 00:07:09.959 The prohibition against reviling the deceased. 00:07:09.959 --> 00:07:13.959 The deceased have reached the destination of whatever good or evil they sent forth. 00:07:13.959 --> 00:07:16.959 There is no benefit in reviling them. 00:07:16.959 --> 00:07:25.189 The sanctity of deceased Muslims is equivalent to the sanctity of the living. 00:07:25.189 --> 00:07:29.279 Chapter on the prohibition of causing harm. 00:07:29.279 --> 00:07:31.279 Allah the Exalted says: 00:07:31.279 --> 00:07:36.410 “And those who malign believing men and believing women undeservedly, they bear the guilt of slander and manifest sin.” (33:58) 00:07:36.410 --> 00:07:40.410 “And those who malign believing men and believing women undeservedly, they bear the guilt of slander and manifest sin.” (33:58) 00:07:40.410 --> 00:07:46.399 Narrated ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Amr ibn al-‘As (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: 00:07:46.399 --> 00:07:50.399 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:07:50.399 --> 00:07:55.529 A true Muslim is one from whose tongue and hand other Muslims are safe. 00:07:55.529 --> 00:07:59.589 And the true emigrant (muhajir) is the one who abandons what Allah has forbidden. 00:07:59.589 --> 00:08:02.750 Agreed upon by al-Bukhari and Muslim. 00:08:02.750 --> 00:08:06.550 Hijrah means abandonment or forsaking. 00:08:06.550 --> 00:08:09.610 Among the benefits of the hadith 00:08:09.610 --> 00:08:12.899 Among the proofs of a Muslim’s submission to Islam 00:08:12.899 --> 00:08:16.899 The safety of the Muslims from his tongue and his hand. 00:08:16.899 --> 00:08:19.410 Among the proofs of a Muslim’s submission to Allah is... 00:08:19.410 --> 00:08:24.050 The excellence of a servant’s conduct in his relationship with his Lord. 00:08:24.050 --> 00:08:27.050 The tongue is the expression of what lies within the soul. 00:08:27.050 --> 00:08:29.050 And likewise, the hand. 00:08:29.050 --> 00:08:35.559 The obligation to distance oneself from everything that causes harm or injury to the Muslims. 00:08:35.559 --> 00:08:41.779 And on the authority of ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Amr ibn al-‘As, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 00:08:41.779 --> 00:08:45.809 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:08:45.809 --> 00:08:50.940 Whoever wishes to be distanced from the Fire and admitted into Paradise 00:08:50.940 --> 00:08:56.970 Then, let death come to him while he believes in Allah and the Last Day. 00:08:56.970 --> 00:09:02.159 And let him treat people in the way he would love to be treated by them. 00:09:02.159 --> 00:09:07.259 It was recorded by Muslim. 00:09:07.259 --> 00:09:13.289 Chapter on the Prohibition of Mutual Hatred, Severing Ties, and Turning Away from One Another 00:09:13.289 --> 00:09:15.379 Allah the Exalted says 00:09:15.379 --> 00:09:18.379 The believers are but brothers. 00:09:18.379 --> 00:09:20.580 And the Almighty has said 00:09:20.580 --> 00:09:25.899 “O ye who believe! Whoso of you becometh a renegade from his religion, (know that in his stead) Allah will bring a people whom He loveth and who love Him, humble toward believers, stern toward disbelievers, striving in the way of Allah, and fearing not the blame of any blamer. Such is the grace of Allah which He giveth unto whom He will. Allah is All-Embracing, All-Knowing.” (5:54) 00:09:25.899 --> 00:09:27.899 And the Almighty has said 00:09:27.899 --> 00:09:30.899 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. 00:09:30.899 --> 00:09:36.899 “Muhammad is the messenger of Allah. And those with him are hard against the disbelievers and merciful among themselves. Thou (O Muhammad) seest them bowing and falling prostrate (in worship), seeking bounty from Allah and (His) acceptance. The mark of them is on their foreheads from the traces of prostration. Such is their likeness in the Torah and their likeness in the Gospel - like as sown corn that sendeth forth its shoot and strengtheneth it and riseth firm upon its stalk, delighting the sowers - that He may enrage the disbelievers with (the sight of) them. Allah hath promised, unto such of them as believe and do good works, forgiveness and immense reward.” (48:29) 00:09:36.899 --> 00:09:40.240 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:09:40.240 --> 00:09:44.240 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:09:44.240 --> 00:09:46.240 Do not harbor hatred toward one another. 00:09:46.240 --> 00:09:48.240 And do not envy one another. 00:09:48.240 --> 00:09:50.240 And do not turn your backs on one another. 00:09:50.240 --> 00:09:52.240 And do not cut off ties with one another. 00:09:52.240 --> 00:09:55.240 And be, O servants of Allah, brothers. 00:09:55.240 --> 00:10:00.269 It is not permissible for a Muslim to shun his brother for more than three days. 00:10:00.269 --> 00:10:04.360 Agreed upon by al-Bukhari and Muslim. 00:10:04.360 --> 00:10:05.360 Envy 00:10:05.360 --> 00:10:09.360 Wishing for the removal of a blessing from one who is deserving of it. 00:10:09.360 --> 00:10:11.679 Turning one's back on one another. 00:10:11.679 --> 00:10:13.679 Severing ties and shunning one another. 00:10:13.679 --> 00:10:17.679 It is not permissible for a man to turn his back on his companion. 00:10:17.679 --> 00:10:19.679 And he turns his face away from him. 00:10:19.679 --> 00:10:23.480 It is the severing of ties. 00:10:23.480 --> 00:10:25.480 Among the benefits of the hadith 00:10:25.480 --> 00:10:30.639 Prohibiting Muslims from harboring mutual hatred for reasons other than for the sake of Allah the Exalted. 00:10:30.639 --> 00:10:32.639 Rather, it is based on the whims of the self. 00:10:32.639 --> 00:10:35.639 For Allah has made the Muslims brothers. 00:10:35.639 --> 00:10:40.639 The brothers love one another and do not harbor hatred toward each other. 00:10:40.639 --> 00:10:45.279 The prohibition for Muslims against envy and wishing evil upon others. 00:10:45.279 --> 00:10:48.279 Therefore, let none of you envy one another. 00:10:48.279 --> 00:10:53.659 He forbade turning one's back on one another, severing ties, and boycotting for more than three days. 00:10:53.659 --> 00:10:57.700 All of this pertains to the severing of ties over worldly matters. 00:10:57.700 --> 00:10:59.700 As for the sake of religion 00:10:59.700 --> 00:11:02.700 It is permissible to exceed three. 00:11:02.700 --> 00:11:06.139 Encouraging brotherhood in the religion. 00:11:06.139 --> 00:11:10.139 And that is the most sublime of the bonds of faith. 00:11:10.139 --> 00:11:14.360 Narrated by Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him 00:11:14.360 --> 00:11:18.360 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:11:18.360 --> 00:11:23.360 The gates of Paradise are opened on Monday and Thursday. 00:11:23.360 --> 00:11:28.360 Then He forgives every servant who does not associate anything with Allah. 00:11:28.360 --> 00:11:33.360 Except for a man between whom and his brother there is animosity. 00:11:33.360 --> 00:11:42.360 It is said: "Observe these two until they reconcile." 00:11:42.360 --> 00:11:44.389 It was recorded by Muslim. 00:11:44.389 --> 00:11:46.460 And in another narration of his 00:11:46.460 --> 00:11:51.490 Deeds are presented before Allah every Monday and Thursday. 00:11:51.490 --> 00:11:57.860 He mentioned something similar regarding al-shahna’, meaning enmity. 00:11:57.860 --> 00:12:01.860 Look at these two, meaning: delay them. 00:12:01.860 --> 00:12:04.789 Among the benefits of the hadith 00:12:04.789 --> 00:12:09.049 An explanation of the excellence of Monday and Thursday. 00:12:09.049 --> 00:12:12.460 Deeds are raised to Allah every Monday and Thursday. 00:12:12.460 --> 00:12:17.460 They are presented to Allah, from Whom nothing is hidden. 00:12:17.460 --> 00:12:20.940 All sins are forgiven through seeking forgiveness. 00:12:20.940 --> 00:12:22.940 Except for polytheism (shirk) and harboring malice. 00:12:22.940 --> 00:12:26.360 An explanation of the reasons for the prohibition of malice. 00:12:26.360 --> 00:12:29.360 This is because it is coupled with polytheism. 00:12:29.360 --> 00:12:32.840 The obligation to reconcile between people. 00:12:32.840 --> 00:12:33.840 Supporting the oppressed. 00:12:33.840 --> 00:12:36.840 And restraining the oppressive perpetrator. 00:12:36.840 --> 00:12:41.429 The chapter on the prohibition of envy. 00:12:41.429 --> 00:12:45.429 Which is wishing for the removal of a blessing from its possessor. 00:12:45.429 --> 00:12:49.429 Whether it is a religious or worldly blessing. 00:12:49.429 --> 00:12:52.389 Allah the Exalted said: 00:12:52.389 --> 00:12:59.419 “Or are they jealous of mankind because of that which Allah of His bounty hath bestowed upon them? For We bestowed upon the house of Abraham (of old) the Scripture and wisdom, and We bestowed on them a mighty kingdom.” (4:54) 00:12:59.419 --> 00:13:04.320 It contains the hadith of Anas mentioned in the previous chapter. 00:13:04.320 --> 00:13:08.409 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:13:08.409 --> 00:13:12.409 That the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:13:12.409 --> 00:13:15.409 Beware of envy. 00:13:15.409 --> 00:13:18.409 For envy consumes good deeds. 00:13:18.409 --> 00:13:21.409 Just as fire consumes firewood. 00:13:21.409 --> 00:13:24.409 Or he said: dry grass. 00:13:24.409 --> 00:13:26.440 Narrated by Abu Dawud. 00:13:26.440 --> 00:13:30.429 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:13:30.429 --> 00:13:32.659 The prohibition of envy. 00:13:32.659 --> 00:13:36.659 Because it depletes and nullifies good deeds rapidly. 00:13:36.659 --> 00:13:40.659 Just as fire destroys firewood and dry grass. 00:13:40.659 --> 00:13:44.750 Riyad al-Salihin.