1
00:00:00,780 --> 00:00:03,779
Riyad al-Salihin

2
00:00:03,779 --> 00:00:06,780
From the words of the Master of the Messengers

3
00:00:06,780 --> 00:00:09,779
Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him

4
00:00:09,779 --> 00:00:19,260
Chapter: Encouragement to increase in good deeds toward the end of one's life

5
00:00:19,260 --> 00:00:21,260
Allah the Almighty says:

6
00:00:21,260 --> 00:00:28,260
“And they cry for help there, (saying): Our Lord! Release us; we will do right, not (the wrong) that we used to do. Did not We grant you a life long enough for him who reflected to reflect therein? And the warner came unto you. Now taste (the flavour of your deeds), for evil-doers have no helper.” (35:37)

7
00:00:28,260 --> 00:00:31,460
Ibn 'Abbas and the scholars of verification said:

8
00:00:31,460 --> 00:00:35,460
Its meaning is: "Did We not grant you a life long enough for sixty years?"

9
00:00:35,460 --> 00:00:40,490
This is supported by the hadith we shall mention, if Allah the Almighty wills.

10
00:00:40,490 --> 00:00:44,549
It is also said that it means eighteen years.

11
00:00:44,549 --> 00:00:47,549
And it is said forty years.

12
00:00:47,549 --> 00:00:51,579
This was stated by al-Hasan, al-Kalbi, and Masruq.

13
00:00:51,579 --> 00:00:54,679
It was also narrated from Ibn 'Abbas.

14
00:00:54,679 --> 00:00:59,679
It is reported that the people of Medina, when one of them reached forty years of age,

15
00:00:59,679 --> 00:01:01,679
would devote themselves to worship.

16
00:01:01,679 --> 00:01:04,780
It is also said that it refers to the age of puberty.

17
00:01:04,780 --> 00:01:08,780
Regarding His saying: "And the warner has come to you,"

18
00:01:08,780 --> 00:01:11,780
Ibn 'Abbas and the majority of scholars said:

19
00:01:11,780 --> 00:01:14,780
It is the Prophet, peace be upon him.

20
00:01:14,780 --> 00:01:17,780
It is also said to be gray hair.

21
00:01:17,780 --> 00:01:20,780
This was stated by 'Ikrimah, Ibn 'Uyaynah, and others.

22
00:01:20,780 --> 00:01:22,780
And Allah knows best.

23
00:01:22,780 --> 00:01:27,469
From Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him,

24
00:01:27,469 --> 00:01:30,469
from the Prophet, peace be upon him, who said:

25
00:01:30,469 --> 00:01:36,540
"Allah has left no excuse for a man whose life He has extended until he reaches sixty years."

26
00:01:36,540 --> 00:01:38,659
Narrated by al-Bukhari.

27
00:01:38,659 --> 00:01:45,920
The scholars said: This means He has left him no excuse, as He granted him respite for this duration.

28
00:01:45,920 --> 00:01:51,920
It is said that a man is "excused" (a'dhara) when he has reached the ultimate limit of excuse.

29
00:01:51,920 --> 00:01:55,590
From the benefits of the hadith:

30
00:01:55,590 --> 00:01:57,939
The vastness of Allah's mercy toward His servants,

31
00:01:58,939 --> 00:02:04,200
as He extends their lives so they may be able to perform sincere repentance.

32
00:02:04,200 --> 00:02:10,460
That Allah the Almighty does not punish His servants until after establishing the proof against them.

33
00:02:10,460 --> 00:02:14,460
Reaching sixty is a likely sign that the end of one's life is near.

34
00:02:14,460 --> 00:02:19,460
Because the lifespans of this Ummah are generally between sixty and seventy.

35
00:02:19,460 --> 00:02:22,650
And few exceed that.

36
00:02:22,650 --> 00:02:27,650
Whoever reaches sixty has no excuse for failing to repent from sins.

37
00:02:27,650 --> 00:02:33,219
From Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:

38
00:02:33,219 --> 00:02:38,219
'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, used to include me with the elders of Badr.

39
00:02:38,219 --> 00:02:41,250
It seemed as though some of them felt slighted by this,

40
00:02:41,250 --> 00:02:46,250
and said: "Why do you bring this boy in with us when we have sons like him?"

41
00:02:46,250 --> 00:02:51,340
'Umar replied: "He is of the status you know."

42
00:02:51,340 --> 00:02:55,340
One day, he called me and brought me in with them.

43
00:02:55,340 --> 00:03:00,340
I felt he only called me that day to show them.

44
00:03:00,340 --> 00:03:04,340
He asked: "What do you say about the saying of Allah the Almighty:

45
00:03:04,340 --> 00:03:08,379
“When Allah's succour and the triumph cometh” (110:1)

46
00:03:08,379 --> 00:03:13,379
Some said: "We are commanded to praise Allah and seek His forgiveness

47
00:03:13,379 --> 00:03:16,379
when He grants us victory and opens [lands] for us."

48
00:03:16,379 --> 00:03:19,379
Others remained silent and said nothing.

49
00:03:19,379 --> 00:03:24,379
He asked me: "Do you say the same, O Ibn 'Abbas?"

50
00:03:24,379 --> 00:03:26,379
I said: "No."

51
00:03:26,379 --> 00:03:28,379
He asked: "Then what do you say?"

52
00:03:28,379 --> 00:03:33,379
I said: "It is the term of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

53
00:03:33,379 --> 00:03:35,539
which Allah made known to him.

54
00:03:35,539 --> 00:03:39,539
[He said:] 'When the victory of Allah and the conquest comes,'

55
00:03:39,539 --> 00:03:42,539
that is the sign of your approaching end.

56
00:03:42,539 --> 00:03:45,539
“Then hymn the praises of thy Lord, and seek forgiveness of Him. Lo! He is ever ready to show mercy.” (110:3)

57
00:03:45,539 --> 00:03:48,569
Indeed, He is ever Accepting of repentance."

58
00:03:48,569 --> 00:03:51,569
'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said:

59
00:03:51,569 --> 00:03:55,629
"I know nothing of it other than what you have said."

60
00:03:55,629 --> 00:03:58,879
Narrated by al-Bukhari.

61
00:03:58,879 --> 00:04:01,879
"Ashyakh" is the plural of "shaykh."

62
00:04:01,879 --> 00:04:04,879
The intent is the senior Companions who fought at Badr.

63
00:04:04,879 --> 00:04:09,009
They are among the most virtuous and noble of the Companions.

64
00:04:09,009 --> 00:04:12,069
"Wajada" means he became angry or felt slighted.

65
00:04:12,069 --> 00:04:17,100
"Yudkhilu" means he involves you with us in important matters and consultations.

66
00:04:17,100 --> 00:04:19,100
"Of the status you know":

67
00:04:19,100 --> 00:04:23,100
From the house of Prophethood, the source of knowledge, and the mine of nobility.

68
00:04:23,100 --> 00:04:25,300
"Sign of your end":

69
00:04:25,300 --> 00:04:29,699
Meaning the nearing of the end of your life.

70
00:04:29,699 --> 00:04:32,339
From the benefits of the hadith:

71
00:04:32,339 --> 00:04:36,339
The call to seek forgiveness when the end of life draws near,

72
00:04:36,339 --> 00:04:39,439
because it should be the final act of one's affairs.

73
00:04:39,439 --> 00:04:41,439
The virtue of knowledge and its people,

74
00:04:41,439 --> 00:04:47,600
as a person advances ahead of his peers through his keen understanding and vast knowledge.

75
00:04:47,600 --> 00:04:49,600
The virtue of 'Abdullah Ibn 'Abbas,

76
00:04:49,600 --> 00:04:52,600
and his understanding of the Book of Allah the Almighty,

77
00:04:52,600 --> 00:04:55,600
to the point that he was titled the "Interpreter of the Qur'an."

78
00:04:55,600 --> 00:04:59,889
The permissibility of a person speaking of the blessings Allah has bestowed upon him.

79
00:04:59,889 --> 00:05:03,110
The permissibility of understanding the implications of verses

80
00:05:03,110 --> 00:05:05,110
beyond their literal wording,

81
00:05:05,110 --> 00:05:08,110
through the context and the occasion of revelation,

82
00:05:08,110 --> 00:05:11,110
and other signs and indications.

83
00:05:11,110 --> 00:05:15,110
Only those firmly grounded in knowledge are capable of this.

84
00:05:15,110 --> 00:05:18,529
The permissibility of bringing the young into the company of the elders

85
00:05:18,529 --> 00:05:21,779
if there is a benefit in doing so.

86
00:05:21,779 --> 00:05:24,779
Good tidings for the Prophet, peace be upon him,

87
00:05:24,779 --> 00:05:27,040
regarding the conquest of Mecca.

88
00:05:27,040 --> 00:05:29,040
It is incumbent upon the ruler and the leader

89
00:05:29,040 --> 00:05:31,040
to consult the people of knowledge and virtue

90
00:05:31,040 --> 00:05:33,040
in important matters.

91
00:05:33,040 --> 00:05:36,300
A person's value lies in his knowledge and his deeds,

92
00:05:36,300 --> 00:05:41,019
not in his lineage or his advanced age.

93
00:05:41,019 --> 00:05:45,019
From 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said:

94
00:05:45,019 --> 00:05:48,019
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, never prayed

95
00:05:48,019 --> 00:05:51,019
a prayer after there was revealed to him:

96
00:05:51,019 --> 00:05:54,019
“When Allah's succour and the triumph cometh” (110:1)

97
00:05:54,019 --> 00:05:56,019
but that he would say in it:

98
00:05:56,019 --> 00:05:59,019
"Glory be to You, our Lord, and with Your praise;

99
00:05:59,019 --> 00:06:02,019
O Allah, forgive me."

100
00:06:02,019 --> 00:06:04,019
Agreed upon.

101
00:06:04,019 --> 00:06:07,149
In a narration in the two Sahihs from her:

102
00:06:07,149 --> 00:06:10,149
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

103
00:06:10,149 --> 00:06:14,149
used to say frequently in his bowing and prostration:

104
00:06:14,149 --> 00:06:17,180
"Glory be to You, O Allah, our Lord, and with Your praise;

105
00:06:17,180 --> 00:06:19,180
O Allah, forgive me."

106
00:06:19,180 --> 00:06:22,180
He was interpreting the Qur'an.

107
00:06:22,180 --> 00:06:25,310
The meaning of "interpreting the Qur'an"

108
00:06:25,310 --> 00:06:28,310
is that he was acting upon what he was commanded to do in the Qur'an,

109
00:06:28,310 --> 00:06:30,310
in the saying of Allah the Almighty:

110
00:06:30,310 --> 00:06:32,310
"So glorify the praise of your Lord,"

111
00:06:32,310 --> 00:06:34,500
"and ask His forgiveness."

112
00:06:34,500 --> 00:06:36,500
In a narration by Muslim:

113
00:06:36,500 --> 00:06:39,500
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

114
00:06:39,500 --> 00:06:42,500
used to say frequently before he died:

115
00:06:42,500 --> 00:06:45,540
"Glory be to You, O Allah, and with Your praise;

116
00:06:45,540 --> 00:06:48,540
I seek Your forgiveness and repent to You."

117
00:06:48,540 --> 00:06:50,660
'A'ishah said:

118
00:06:50,660 --> 00:06:52,660
I said: "O Messenger of Allah,

119
00:06:52,660 --> 00:06:57,660
what are these words that I see you have begun to say?"

120
00:06:57,660 --> 00:06:58,730
He said:

121
00:06:58,730 --> 00:07:01,730
"A sign has been set for me in my Ummah;

122
00:07:01,730 --> 00:07:04,730
when I see it, I say them."

123
00:07:04,730 --> 00:07:07,730
“When Allah's succour and the triumph cometh” (110:1)

124
00:07:07,730 --> 00:07:09,730
to the end of the surah.

125
00:07:09,730 --> 00:07:11,920
In another narration of his:

126
00:07:11,920 --> 00:07:14,980
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

127
00:07:14,980 --> 00:07:16,980
used to say frequently:

128
00:07:16,980 --> 00:07:19,980
"Glory be to Allah and with His praise;

129
00:07:19,980 --> 00:07:22,980
I seek forgiveness from Allah and repent to Him."

130
00:07:22,980 --> 00:07:24,050
She said:

131
00:07:24,050 --> 00:07:26,050
I said: "O Messenger of Allah,

132
00:07:26,050 --> 00:07:28,050
I see you frequently saying:

133
00:07:28,050 --> 00:07:30,050
'Glory be to Allah and with His praise;

134
00:07:30,050 --> 00:07:34,050
I seek forgiveness from Allah and repent to Him.'"

135
00:07:34,050 --> 00:07:35,139
He said:

136
00:07:35,139 --> 00:07:40,139
"My Lord informed me that I would see a sign in my Ummah;

137
00:07:40,139 --> 00:07:43,139
when I see it, I should frequently say:

138
00:07:43,139 --> 00:07:46,139
'Glory be to Allah and with His praise;

139
00:07:46,139 --> 00:07:49,139
I seek forgiveness from Allah and repent to Him.'

140
00:07:49,139 --> 00:07:51,139
And I have indeed seen it."

141
00:07:51,139 --> 00:07:54,139
“When Allah's succour and the triumph cometh” (110:1)

142
00:07:54,139 --> 00:07:56,139
The conquest of Mecca.

143
00:07:56,139 --> 00:08:01,180
“And thou seest mankind entering the religion of Allah in troops,” (110:2)

144
00:08:01,180 --> 00:08:05,180
“Then hymn the praises of thy Lord, and seek forgiveness of Him. Lo! He is ever ready to show mercy.” (110:3)

145
00:08:05,180 --> 00:08:08,180
Indeed, He is ever Accepting of repentance.

146
00:08:10,069 --> 00:08:12,069
From the benefits of the hadith:

147
00:08:12,069 --> 00:08:17,420
The increase in the Prophet's seeking of forgiveness and his supplication,

148
00:08:17,420 --> 00:08:20,420
and his turning toward Allah the Almighty.

149
00:08:20,420 --> 00:08:24,620
A servant should increase in thanking Allah the Almighty

150
00:08:24,620 --> 00:08:26,620
upon the attainment of blessings.

151
00:08:26,620 --> 00:08:31,899
The occurrence of what Allah gave glad tidings of to His Messenger, peace be upon him,

152
00:08:31,899 --> 00:08:34,899
because His promise is true.

153
00:08:34,899 --> 00:08:39,090
From Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

154
00:08:39,090 --> 00:08:41,090
Indeed, Allah the Almighty

155
00:08:41,090 --> 00:08:45,090
sent down the revelation continuously to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him,

156
00:08:45,090 --> 00:08:47,090
before his death,

157
00:08:47,090 --> 00:08:51,090
until the revelation was at its most frequent when he passed away.

158
00:08:51,090 --> 00:08:53,179
Agreed upon.

159
00:08:53,179 --> 00:08:56,779
"Sent down the revelation continuously":

160
00:08:56,779 --> 00:08:59,779
Meaning it was sent down frequently near his death.

161
00:08:59,779 --> 00:09:03,940
"Until the revelation was at its most frequent when he passed away":

162
00:09:03,940 --> 00:09:06,940
Meaning the Prophet, peace be upon him, passed away

163
00:09:06,940 --> 00:09:10,940
at a time when the revelation was descending upon him frequently.

164
00:09:10,940 --> 00:09:14,419
From the benefits of the hadith:

165
00:09:14,419 --> 00:09:16,700
Allah raises the status of the servant

166
00:09:16,700 --> 00:09:20,700
through his frequent recitation of the Book of his Lord.

167
00:09:20,700 --> 00:09:23,860
The continuity of revelation at the end of the Prophetic mission,

168
00:09:23,860 --> 00:09:25,860
unlike its beginning,

169
00:09:25,860 --> 00:09:27,860
when the revelation was interrupted for a period.

170
00:09:27,860 --> 00:09:32,860
The polytheists said to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him:

171
00:09:32,860 --> 00:09:34,860
"Your Lord has abandoned you."

172
00:09:36,220 --> 00:09:41,220
The completion of the revelation before his death, peace be upon him.

173
00:09:41,220 --> 00:09:46,470
The frequency of the revelation descending at the end of his life, peace be upon him,

174
00:09:46,470 --> 00:09:51,470
is a sign of the approaching end and nearness to Allah the Almighty.

175
00:09:51,470 --> 00:09:56,169
From Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

176
00:09:56,169 --> 00:10:00,169
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

177
00:10:00,169 --> 00:10:04,169
"Every servant will be resurrected according to the state in which he died."

178
00:10:04,169 --> 00:10:06,230
Narrated by Muslim.

179
00:10:06,230 --> 00:10:10,580
"Every servant" means every accountable person,

180
00:10:10,580 --> 00:10:13,580
whether free or enslaved,

181
00:10:13,580 --> 00:10:15,580
man or woman.

182
00:10:15,580 --> 00:10:17,929
"According to the state in which he died":

183
00:10:17,929 --> 00:10:22,929
Meaning the state upon which he died and which was his final end.

184
00:10:22,929 --> 00:10:26,759
From the benefits of the hadith:

185
00:10:26,759 --> 00:10:30,139
Encouraging the human being to perform good deeds,

186
00:10:30,139 --> 00:10:33,139
so that they may be his companion on the Day of Resurrection,

187
00:10:33,139 --> 00:10:36,139
because he will be resurrected according to the state in which he died.

188
00:10:36,139 --> 00:10:41,370
One should adhere to the Sunnah of the Prophet, peace be upon him,

189
00:10:41,370 --> 00:10:45,370
in his acts of worship, character, and all his affairs.

190
00:10:45,370 --> 00:10:49,590
Increasing in acts of obedience at all times,

191
00:10:49,590 --> 00:10:51,590
due to the possibility of death being near.

192
00:10:51,590 --> 00:10:55,590
Especially in old age and during illness,

193
00:10:55,590 --> 00:10:58,590
because deeds are judged by their endings.

194
00:10:58,590 --> 00:11:01,909
What matters is the conclusion of one's deeds.

195
00:11:01,909 --> 00:11:04,909
Whoever performs good deeds at the end of his life,

196
00:11:04,909 --> 00:11:07,909
it is a sign of good tidings.

197
00:11:07,909 --> 00:11:10,909
And whoever performs evil deeds at the end of his life,

198
00:11:10,909 --> 00:11:12,909
it is the opposite.

199
00:11:12,909 --> 00:11:17,549
Riyad al-Salihin