1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:04,000 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:04,000 --> 00:00:10,000 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. 3 00:00:10,000 --> 00:00:17,750 A Summary of the Prophetic Biography (Seerah), 4 00:00:17,750 --> 00:00:25,100 Authored by Sheikh Musa Al-Rashid Al-'Azimi, may Allah preserve him. 5 00:00:25,100 --> 00:00:38,759 Quraysh seeks intelligence, and the acceptance of Islam by Abu Sufyan. 6 00:00:38,759 --> 00:00:43,759 All news of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had been cut off from Quraysh, 7 00:00:43,759 --> 00:00:46,820 For Allah had concealed the information from them. 8 00:00:46,820 --> 00:00:54,820 On that very night when the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and his army encamped at Marr az-Zahran, there set out 9 00:00:54,820 --> 00:00:57,820 Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, the chieftain of Makkah, 10 00:00:57,820 --> 00:00:59,820 Hakim ibn Hizam, 11 00:00:59,820 --> 00:01:02,820 And Budayl ibn Warqa' al-Khuza'i, 12 00:01:02,820 --> 00:01:04,819 Seeking intelligence. 13 00:01:04,819 --> 00:01:08,049 Ishaq ibn Rahawayh narrated in his Musnad, 14 00:01:08,049 --> 00:01:12,049 As did Ibn Ishaq in the Seerah with a good chain of transmission, 15 00:01:12,049 --> 00:01:16,049 On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 16 00:01:16,049 --> 00:01:22,049 Al-'Abbas ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib said when he saw the army of the Prophet, peace be upon him: 17 00:01:22,049 --> 00:01:24,049 "Alas, what a terrible morning awaits Quraysh! 18 00:01:24,049 --> 00:01:30,049 By Allah, if the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, enters Makkah by force, 19 00:01:30,049 --> 00:01:34,049 It will surely be their utter destruction till the end of time." 20 00:01:34,049 --> 00:01:39,180 So I mounted the white mule of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 21 00:01:39,180 --> 00:01:41,180 Until I reached the arak bushes, 22 00:01:41,180 --> 00:01:44,180 Hoping to find some woodcutters, 23 00:01:44,180 --> 00:01:46,180 Or a milkman, 24 00:01:46,180 --> 00:01:49,180 Or anyone with a need who was heading to Makkah, 25 00:01:49,180 --> 00:01:55,180 So that they could inform them of the Messenger of Allah's approach, peace be upon him, and they would come out to surrender to him. 26 00:01:55,180 --> 00:01:59,209 By Allah, while I was riding and searching for what I had come out for, 27 00:01:59,209 --> 00:02:03,209 I suddenly heard the voices of Abu Sufyan and Budayl ibn Warqa' 28 00:02:03,209 --> 00:02:05,209 Conversing with one another. 29 00:02:05,209 --> 00:02:07,209 Abu Sufyan was saying, 30 00:02:07,209 --> 00:02:12,210 "By Allah, I have never seen such campfires or such a host as tonight!" 31 00:02:12,210 --> 00:02:14,210 Budayl replied, 32 00:02:14,210 --> 00:02:16,210 "This, by Allah, is the tribe of Khuza'ah, 33 00:02:16,210 --> 00:02:18,210 Roused and inflamed by war." 34 00:02:18,210 --> 00:02:20,400 Whereupon Abu Sufyan said, 35 00:02:20,400 --> 00:02:26,400 "By Allah, Khuza'ah is too few and too humble to have fires and an encampment like this!" 36 00:02:26,400 --> 00:02:29,530 Al-'Abbas recognized Abu Sufyan's voice, 37 00:02:29,530 --> 00:02:31,530 And called out, 38 00:02:31,530 --> 00:02:33,530 "O Abu Hanzalah!" 39 00:02:33,530 --> 00:02:35,530 He recognized my voice and said, 40 00:02:35,530 --> 00:02:37,530 "Is that Abu al-Fadl?" 41 00:02:37,530 --> 00:02:38,530 I said, "Yes." 42 00:02:38,530 --> 00:02:40,530 He said, "What is the matter, 43 00:02:40,530 --> 00:02:42,530 May my father and mother be ransomed for you?" 44 00:02:42,530 --> 00:02:43,530 I said, 45 00:02:43,530 --> 00:02:48,530 "This, by Allah, is the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, amidst the people! 46 00:02:48,530 --> 00:02:50,530 Alas, what a terrible morning awaits Quraysh!" 47 00:02:50,530 --> 00:02:52,560 He said, "What is the way out, then, 48 00:02:52,560 --> 00:02:54,560 May my father and mother be ransomed for you?" 49 00:02:54,560 --> 00:02:56,560 I said, 50 00:02:56,560 --> 00:02:58,560 "By Allah, if he captures you, 51 00:02:58,560 --> 00:03:00,560 He will surely strike off your neck! 52 00:03:00,560 --> 00:03:03,560 So ride behind me on the back of this mule." 53 00:03:03,560 --> 00:03:05,560 He mounted behind me, and his two companions turned back. 54 00:03:05,560 --> 00:03:07,560 So I rode off with him, 55 00:03:07,560 --> 00:03:11,560 And whenever I passed by one of the campfires of the Muslims, 56 00:03:11,560 --> 00:03:13,560 They would ask, "Who is this?" 57 00:03:13,560 --> 00:03:18,560 But when they saw the mule of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 58 00:03:18,560 --> 00:03:23,560 They said, "This is the mule of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 59 00:03:23,560 --> 00:03:25,689 Carrying his uncle." 60 00:03:25,689 --> 00:03:28,689 This continued until I passed by the fire of 'Umar ibn al-Khattab. 61 00:03:28,689 --> 00:03:30,689 He said, "Who is this?" 62 00:03:30,689 --> 00:03:32,689 And stood up coming toward me. 63 00:03:32,689 --> 00:03:35,689 When he saw Abu Sufyan on the back of the mule, he recognized him 64 00:03:35,689 --> 00:03:37,689 And said, 65 00:03:37,689 --> 00:03:39,689 "By Allah, the enemy of Allah! 66 00:03:39,689 --> 00:03:42,689 Praise be to Allah Who has delivered you into our hands without any pact or treaty!" 67 00:03:42,689 --> 00:03:47,689 Then he ran hastily toward the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 68 00:03:47,689 --> 00:03:49,689 While I urged the mule forward, 69 00:03:49,689 --> 00:03:54,689 And I outpaced him by as much as a slow beast can outpace a slow-running man. 70 00:03:54,689 --> 00:03:56,750 I leapt down from the mule, 71 00:03:56,750 --> 00:04:00,750 And entered upon the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. 72 00:04:00,750 --> 00:04:02,750 Then 'Umar entered, 73 00:04:02,750 --> 00:04:04,750 And 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said: 74 00:04:04,750 --> 00:04:07,750 "This is the enemy of Allah, Abu Sufyan! 75 00:04:07,750 --> 00:04:11,750 Allah has delivered him into our power without any pact or treaty, 76 00:04:11,750 --> 00:04:14,750 So let me strike off his neck!" 77 00:04:14,750 --> 00:04:15,849 I said, 78 00:04:15,849 --> 00:04:18,850 "I have granted him protection, O Messenger of Allah!" 79 00:04:18,850 --> 00:04:21,879 Then I sat beside the Prophet, peace be upon him, 80 00:04:21,879 --> 00:04:23,879 And took hold of his head, 81 00:04:23,879 --> 00:04:25,879 Saying, 82 00:04:25,879 --> 00:04:29,879 "By Allah, no man shall whisper privately to him tonight besides me!" 83 00:04:29,879 --> 00:04:31,879 When 'Umar persisted in urging against him, 84 00:04:31,879 --> 00:04:32,879 I said, 85 00:04:32,879 --> 00:04:34,879 "Gently, O 'Umar! 86 00:04:34,879 --> 00:04:37,879 For by Allah, were he a man from the clan of Banu 'Adi, 87 00:04:37,879 --> 00:04:39,879 You would not have said this! 88 00:04:39,879 --> 00:04:42,879 But he is a man from Banu 'Abd Manaf." 89 00:04:42,879 --> 00:04:45,879 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, replied, 90 00:04:45,879 --> 00:04:47,879 "Gently, O 'Abbas! 91 00:04:47,879 --> 00:04:49,879 Do not say that! 92 00:04:49,879 --> 00:04:52,879 For by Allah, your embracing Islam on the day you accepted Islam 93 00:04:52,879 --> 00:04:56,879 Was dearer to me than the acceptance of Islam by al-Khattab had he accepted it, 94 00:04:56,879 --> 00:04:59,879 And that is only because I knew that your Islam 95 00:04:59,879 --> 00:05:03,879 Was dearer to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 96 00:05:03,879 --> 00:05:05,879 Than the Islam of al-Khattab." 97 00:05:05,879 --> 00:05:09,879 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, then said: 98 00:05:09,879 --> 00:05:11,879 "O 'Abbas, 99 00:05:11,879 --> 00:05:13,879 Take him to your quarters, 100 00:05:13,879 --> 00:05:16,980 And bring him to us in the morning." 101 00:05:16,980 --> 00:05:17,980 He said: 102 00:05:17,980 --> 00:05:20,009 So I took him away, 103 00:05:20,009 --> 00:05:22,009 And when morning came, I brought him back. 104 00:05:22,009 --> 00:05:26,069 When the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, saw him, 105 00:05:26,069 --> 00:05:27,069 He said, 106 00:05:27,069 --> 00:05:29,069 "O Abu Sufyan, 107 00:05:29,069 --> 00:05:31,069 Has the time not yet come for you to acknowledge 108 00:05:31,069 --> 00:05:34,069 That there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah?" 109 00:05:34,069 --> 00:05:35,069 He replied, 110 00:05:35,069 --> 00:05:37,069 "May my father and mother be ransomed for you! 111 00:05:37,069 --> 00:05:39,069 How forbearing you are, 112 00:05:39,069 --> 00:05:41,069 How noble, how devoted to kinship, 113 00:05:41,069 --> 00:05:43,100 And how immense is your pardon! 114 00:05:43,100 --> 00:05:46,100 It has indeed crossed my mind 115 00:05:46,100 --> 00:05:48,100 That had there been any other god besides Him, 116 00:05:48,100 --> 00:05:51,259 He would surely have availed me of something by now." 117 00:05:51,259 --> 00:05:54,259 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 118 00:05:54,259 --> 00:05:57,259 "Woe to you, O Abu Sufyan! 119 00:05:57,259 --> 00:06:01,259 Has the time not yet come for you to acknowledge that I am the Messenger of Allah?" 120 00:06:01,259 --> 00:06:03,329 Abu Sufyan said, 121 00:06:03,329 --> 00:06:05,329 "May my father and mother be ransomed for you! 122 00:06:05,329 --> 00:06:07,329 How forbearing you are, 123 00:06:07,329 --> 00:06:10,329 How noble, how devoted to kinship, and how immense is your pardon! 124 00:06:10,329 --> 00:06:15,329 As for this matter, by Allah, there is still some doubt lingering in my heart." 125 00:06:15,329 --> 00:06:17,459 Al-'Abbas said to him, 126 00:06:17,459 --> 00:06:19,459 "Woe to you! Accept Islam 127 00:06:19,459 --> 00:06:22,459 And bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah 128 00:06:22,459 --> 00:06:24,459 And that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, 129 00:06:24,459 --> 00:06:27,459 Before your neck is struck off!" 130 00:06:27,459 --> 00:06:30,459 So he bore witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, 131 00:06:30,459 --> 00:06:33,550 And that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. 132 00:06:33,550 --> 00:06:37,550 Then Al-'Abbas said to the Prophet, peace be upon him: 133 00:06:37,550 --> 00:06:39,620 "O Messenger of Allah, 134 00:06:39,620 --> 00:06:42,620 Abu Sufyan is a man who loves honor and prestige, 135 00:06:42,620 --> 00:06:45,620 So grant him something." 136 00:06:45,620 --> 00:06:48,620 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 137 00:06:48,620 --> 00:06:53,620 "Yes; whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan shall be safe, 138 00:06:53,620 --> 00:06:56,620 And whoever locks his door shall be safe." 139 00:06:56,620 --> 00:07:01,839 Then Abu Sufyan turned to leave to inform the people of Makkah of what he had seen, 140 00:07:01,839 --> 00:07:07,839 But the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said to Al-'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him: 141 00:07:07,839 --> 00:07:11,839 "Hold him at the narrow pass of the valley by the spur of the mountain, 142 00:07:11,839 --> 00:07:14,839 So that the hosts of Allah pass by him." 143 00:07:14,839 --> 00:07:20,970 So Al-'Abbas detained him where the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, had instructed him. 144 00:07:20,970 --> 00:07:23,970 The tribes then began to march past under their banners. 145 00:07:23,970 --> 00:07:26,970 Whenever a banner passed by, 146 00:07:26,970 --> 00:07:29,970 Abu Sufyan would ask, "Who are these?" 147 00:07:29,970 --> 00:07:31,970 And I would say, "Banu Sulaym." 148 00:07:31,970 --> 00:07:34,970 He would say, "What have I to do with Banu Sulaym?" 149 00:07:34,970 --> 00:07:37,000 Then another would pass, 150 00:07:37,000 --> 00:07:40,000 And he would ask, "Who are these?" 151 00:07:40,000 --> 00:07:42,000 And I would say, "Muzaynah." 152 00:07:42,000 --> 00:07:45,000 He would say, "What have I to do with Muzaynah?" 153 00:07:45,000 --> 00:07:48,129 He continued saying this 154 00:07:48,129 --> 00:07:53,129 Until the heavily armored squadron of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, marched by, 155 00:07:53,129 --> 00:07:56,129 Comprising the Muhajirun and the Ansar, 156 00:07:56,129 --> 00:07:59,129 Wherein nothing could be seen of them except their pupils— 157 00:07:59,129 --> 00:08:01,129 That is, their eyes. 158 00:08:01,129 --> 00:08:03,129 He asked, "Who is this?" 159 00:08:03,129 --> 00:08:07,129 I said, "This is the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 160 00:08:07,129 --> 00:08:10,129 Amidst the Muhajirun and the Ansar." 161 00:08:10,129 --> 00:08:12,160 He said, 162 00:08:12,160 --> 00:08:15,160 "No one has the power to resist these! 163 00:08:15,160 --> 00:08:19,160 By Allah, the dominion of your nephew has become mighty today!" 164 00:08:19,160 --> 00:08:21,160 I said, 165 00:08:21,160 --> 00:08:23,160 "Woe to you, O Abu Sufyan! 166 00:08:23,160 --> 00:08:25,160 It is prophethood, not kingship!" 167 00:08:25,160 --> 00:08:27,160 He said, 168 00:08:27,160 --> 00:08:29,480 "Then yes, indeed." 169 00:08:29,480 --> 00:08:31,480 And in Sahih al-Bukhari, 170 00:08:31,480 --> 00:08:33,480 On the authority of 'Urwah ibn al-Zubayr, who said: 171 00:08:33,480 --> 00:08:37,480 Then there advanced a squadron the likes of which had never been seen before. 172 00:08:37,480 --> 00:08:39,480 Abu Sufyan asked, "Who are these?" 173 00:08:39,480 --> 00:08:42,480 Al-'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: 174 00:08:42,480 --> 00:08:44,480 "These are the Ansar, 175 00:08:44,480 --> 00:08:48,480 Led by Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah, who is carrying the standard." 176 00:08:48,480 --> 00:08:51,639 Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah, may Allah be pleased with him, said: 177 00:08:51,639 --> 00:08:53,639 "O Abu Sufyan! 178 00:08:53,639 --> 00:08:56,639 Today is the day of fierce battle; 179 00:08:56,639 --> 00:08:59,700 Today the sanctity of the Ka'bah shall be breached!" 180 00:08:59,700 --> 00:09:01,700 Abu Sufyan said, 181 00:09:01,700 --> 00:09:03,700 "O 'Abbas, 182 00:09:03,700 --> 00:09:05,769 How welcome is the day of defending the sacred honor!" 183 00:09:05,769 --> 00:09:07,769 Then another squadron came, 184 00:09:07,769 --> 00:09:09,769 Which was the smallest of the squadrons, 185 00:09:09,769 --> 00:09:12,769 In which was the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 186 00:09:12,769 --> 00:09:14,769 And his Companions, 187 00:09:14,769 --> 00:09:17,769 And the standard of the Prophet, peace be upon him, 188 00:09:17,769 --> 00:09:20,860 Was with Al-Zubayr ibn al-'Awwam, may Allah be pleased with him. 189 00:09:20,860 --> 00:09:24,860 When the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, passed 190 00:09:24,860 --> 00:09:26,860 By Abu Sufyan, 191 00:09:26,860 --> 00:09:27,860 The latter said, 192 00:09:27,860 --> 00:09:30,860 "Do you not know what Sa'd ibn 'Ubadah said?" 193 00:09:30,860 --> 00:09:34,860 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, asked, 194 00:09:34,860 --> 00:09:38,779 "What did he say?" He said, "He said such and such." 195 00:09:39,490 --> 00:09:42,850 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 196 00:09:43,210 --> 00:09:44,330 "Sa'd has lied"— 197 00:09:44,850 --> 00:09:46,409 Meaning, Sa'd was mistaken— 198 00:09:47,009 --> 00:09:51,049 "Rather, this is a day wherein Allah will glorify the Ka'bah, 199 00:09:51,450 --> 00:09:54,129 and a day when the Ka'bah will be draped." 200 00:09:57,129 --> 00:09:59,809 Abu Sufyan's return to Mecca 201 00:10:00,330 --> 00:10:02,769 and his urging them to surrender: 202 00:10:04,269 --> 00:10:07,710 When Abu Sufyan saw the sheer might of the Muslims, 203 00:10:08,029 --> 00:10:11,429 he realized he stood no chance of fighting them. 204 00:10:11,950 --> 00:10:13,509 So he set out for Mecca 205 00:10:13,870 --> 00:10:15,950 and advised its people to surrender. 206 00:10:16,769 --> 00:10:19,929 For Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh narrated in his Musnad, 207 00:10:19,929 --> 00:10:22,929 as did Ibn Ishaq in the Seerah with a good chain of transmission, 208 00:10:23,570 --> 00:10:26,610 on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) that he said: 209 00:10:27,250 --> 00:10:29,529 Al-'Abbas said to Abu Sufyan, 210 00:10:29,970 --> 00:10:31,850 "Go to your people!" 211 00:10:32,740 --> 00:10:35,220 So he set out until he reached them in Mecca, 212 00:10:35,779 --> 00:10:38,019 and began shouting at the top of his voice: 213 00:10:38,419 --> 00:10:40,019 "O people of Quraysh! 214 00:10:40,379 --> 00:10:41,779 Here is Muhammad, 215 00:10:42,419 --> 00:10:45,419 who has come upon you with that which you have no power to resist! 216 00:10:46,100 --> 00:10:49,500 So whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan shall be safe!" 217 00:10:50,250 --> 00:10:53,490 Thereupon his wife, Hind bint 'Utbah, rushed toward him, 218 00:10:53,970 --> 00:10:56,289 seized him by his mustache, and cried out, 219 00:10:56,889 --> 00:10:59,690 "Kill this fat, useless coward! 220 00:11:00,330 --> 00:11:02,409 What a wretched vanguard of a people!" 221 00:11:03,129 --> 00:11:03,889 But he replied, 222 00:11:04,330 --> 00:11:05,210 "Woe to you! 223 00:11:05,570 --> 00:11:08,690 Do not let her deceive you to your own ruin, 224 00:11:09,330 --> 00:11:12,850 for he has indeed come upon you with that which you have no power to resist! 225 00:11:13,559 --> 00:11:16,759 Whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan shall be safe!" 226 00:11:17,320 --> 00:11:19,039 They said, "May Allah fight you! 227 00:11:19,480 --> 00:11:21,480 What good will your house do us?" 228 00:11:22,149 --> 00:11:22,789 He said, 229 00:11:23,309 --> 00:11:26,389 "And whoever locks his door behind him shall be safe, 230 00:11:26,990 --> 00:11:29,669 and whoever enters the Sacred Mosque shall be safe!" 231 00:11:30,460 --> 00:11:34,179 So the people dispersed to their homes and to the Mosque. 232 00:11:36,080 --> 00:11:37,399 An Epitome 233 00:11:37,799 --> 00:11:39,799 of the Prophetic biography (Seerah): 234 00:11:40,000 --> 00:11:46,360 If the longing of people for one another runs deep and long, 235 00:11:46,879 --> 00:11:53,700 the longing for you is boundless beyond measure. 236 00:11:53,899 --> 00:11:59,980 May Allah send blessings upon you as long as the call to prayer is raised, 237 00:12:00,460 --> 00:12:05,740 and as long as lips move 238 00:12:06,840 --> 00:12:08,360 in remembrance of the Everlasting.