WEBVTT 00:00:00.080 --> 00:00:03.439 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. 00:00:03.439 --> 00:00:06.370 Ifadah Center 00:00:06.370 --> 00:00:09.570 for Humanities Studies and Research 00:00:09.570 --> 00:00:10.849 presents 00:00:10.849 --> 00:00:16.210 The Abridged Sahih al-Bukhari 00:00:16.210 --> 00:00:21.899 Chapter: What has been said regarding the butcher and the meat-seller 00:00:21.899 --> 00:00:24.379 Narrated Abu Mas'ud, who said: 00:00:24.379 --> 00:00:28.219 A man from the Ansar, known by the kunya Abu Shu'ayb, came. 00:00:28.219 --> 00:00:31.260 He said to a servant of his who was a butcher, 00:00:31.420 --> 00:00:34.780 "Prepare a meal for me sufficient for five people, 00:00:34.780 --> 00:00:38.859 for I wish to invite the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:00:38.859 --> 00:00:40.780 as the fifth of five." 00:00:40.780 --> 00:00:44.420 "For I have recognized hunger in his face." 00:00:44.420 --> 00:00:45.939 So he invited them. 00:00:45.939 --> 00:00:48.340 A man came along with them. 00:00:48.340 --> 00:00:51.700 The Prophet, peace be upon him, said, 00:00:51.700 --> 00:00:54.259 "This man has followed us. 00:00:54.259 --> 00:00:57.700 If you wish to grant him permission, then do so, 00:00:57.700 --> 00:01:00.750 and if you wish for him to return, he shall return." 00:01:00.750 --> 00:01:05.459 He replied, "No, rather, I have granted him permission." 00:01:05.459 --> 00:01:08.689 Commentary on the hadith: 00:01:08.689 --> 00:01:13.569 "Qassab" means a meat-seller, which is the butcher. 00:01:13.569 --> 00:01:16.219 "Ij'al" means prepare. 00:01:16.219 --> 00:01:20.290 "Came along with them a man" means he was the sixth of them. 00:01:20.290 --> 00:01:24.670 "Grant him permission" means to enter and eat. 00:01:24.670 --> 00:01:28.180 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:01:28.180 --> 00:01:30.180 It is derived from the hadith: 00:01:30.260 --> 00:01:33.620 An illustration of the state of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, 00:01:33.620 --> 00:01:36.719 regarding the hardship of life and the scarcity of provisions. 00:01:36.719 --> 00:01:41.439 It contains the instruction that whoever invites someone of high status to a meal 00:01:41.439 --> 00:01:46.319 should also invite those companions of his who are his usual company. 00:01:46.319 --> 00:01:50.560 It also contains the instruction that whoever intends to invite a group 00:01:50.560 --> 00:01:55.790 should prepare sufficient food for them and not cause them distress. 00:01:55.790 --> 00:01:59.790 It contains the recommendation for the invitee to accept the invitation. 00:01:59.950 --> 00:02:02.510 It contains lessons in noble character, 00:02:02.510 --> 00:02:06.349 in that if the invitee asks the host for permission regarding someone who followed him, 00:02:06.349 --> 00:02:08.129 the host should grant it. 00:02:08.129 --> 00:02:13.009 It indicates that the one managing the invitation must adhere to the number of invitees. 00:02:13.009 --> 00:02:20.419 It contains an encouragement to console people and fulfill their needs without them having to ask. 00:02:20.419 --> 00:02:23.310 Chapter: Those who consume usury 00:02:23.310 --> 00:02:26.349 Narrated 'Awn Ibn Abi Juhayfah, who said: 00:02:26.349 --> 00:02:29.069 I saw my father purchase a cupper. 00:02:29.150 --> 00:02:32.270 He then ordered his cupping instruments to be broken. 00:02:32.270 --> 00:02:34.430 I asked him about that. 00:02:34.430 --> 00:02:38.669 He said that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:02:38.669 --> 00:02:42.189 forbade the price of blood and the price of a dog, 00:02:42.189 --> 00:02:45.229 and the earnings of a slave girl, in one narration, 00:02:45.229 --> 00:02:47.250 and the earnings of a prostitute. 00:02:47.250 --> 00:02:50.289 He cursed the woman who tattoos and the one who asks to be tattooed, 00:02:50.289 --> 00:02:52.770 and the consumer of usury and the one who pays it, 00:02:52.770 --> 00:02:55.539 and he cursed the image-maker. 00:02:55.539 --> 00:02:58.819 Commentary on the hadith: 00:02:58.819 --> 00:03:02.530 My father's name is Wahb Ibn 'Abdullah. 00:03:02.530 --> 00:03:07.199 "Mahajimihi" means the tools with which he performs cupping. 00:03:07.199 --> 00:03:10.939 "Price of blood" means the fee for cupping. 00:03:10.939 --> 00:03:15.090 "Earnings of a slave girl" refers to the fee for adultery. 00:03:15.090 --> 00:03:17.889 "Al-Washimah" refers to tattooing. 00:03:17.889 --> 00:03:21.650 It is to pierce the hand or one of the limbs with a needle, 00:03:21.650 --> 00:03:25.020 then sprinkle indigo or similar substances upon it. 00:03:25.020 --> 00:03:29.180 "Al-Mustawshimah" means the one who requests the tattoo. 00:03:29.180 --> 00:03:32.379 "Consumer of usury" means the one who takes it. 00:03:32.379 --> 00:03:35.819 "The one who pays it" means the one who gives it. 00:03:35.819 --> 00:03:39.360 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:03:39.360 --> 00:03:41.439 It is derived from the hadith: 00:03:41.439 --> 00:03:44.479 The permissibility of purchasing a cupper slave. 00:03:44.479 --> 00:03:47.439 It contains the prohibition of the fee for cupping. 00:03:47.439 --> 00:03:52.610 It contains the importance of pure earnings. 00:03:52.610 --> 00:03:53.810 Chapter: 00:03:53.810 --> 00:03:57.330 Allah destroys usury and increases charities. 00:03:57.330 --> 00:04:01.900 “Allah hath blighted usury and made almsgiving fruitful. Allah loveth not the impious and guilty.” (2:276) 00:04:02.060 --> 00:04:05.580 Narrated Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:04:05.580 --> 00:04:10.340 I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, say: 00:04:10.340 --> 00:04:13.300 "Swearing (oaths) promotes the sale of goods, 00:04:13.300 --> 00:04:16.529 but destroys the blessing." 00:04:16.529 --> 00:04:20.079 Commentary on the hadith: 00:04:20.079 --> 00:04:22.160 "Allah destroys usury" 00:04:22.160 --> 00:04:27.009 means He removes it and removes its blessing, both in essence and in quality. 00:04:27.009 --> 00:04:28.769 "And increases charities" 00:04:28.769 --> 00:04:30.449 means He causes them to grow, 00:04:30.529 --> 00:04:34.050 and sends down blessing in the wealth from which it was taken, 00:04:34.050 --> 00:04:36.930 and increases the reward of its owner. 00:04:36.930 --> 00:04:39.490 "Al-Half" means the oath. 00:04:39.490 --> 00:04:43.410 "Munfiqah" means it promotes it. 00:04:43.410 --> 00:04:47.300 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:04:47.300 --> 00:04:49.139 It is derived from the hadith: 00:04:49.139 --> 00:04:51.779 That the recompense is of the same nature as the deed. 00:04:51.779 --> 00:04:55.779 So Allah, the Almighty and Exalted, recompensed the usurer with the loss of his wealth, 00:04:55.779 --> 00:05:00.180 because he took people's wealth in an unlawful manner. 00:05:00.180 --> 00:05:05.060 And He recompensed the doer of good with blessing because he did good to the people. 00:05:05.060 --> 00:05:10.990 It contains a warning against swearing oaths in buying and selling. 00:05:10.990 --> 00:05:15.089 Chapter: What is disliked regarding swearing in a sale 00:05:15.089 --> 00:05:18.689 Narrated 'Abdullah Ibn Abi Awfa, may Allah be pleased with him: 00:05:18.689 --> 00:05:22.769 A man displayed goods while in the market, 00:05:22.769 --> 00:05:27.009 and swore by Allah that he had been offered for them what he had not been offered, 00:05:27.009 --> 00:05:30.610 in order to entrap a man from the Muslims. 00:05:30.689 --> 00:05:32.129 Then it was revealed: 00:05:32.129 --> 00:05:38.610 “Lo! those who purchase a small gain at the cost of Allah's covenant and their oaths, they have no portion in the Hereafter. Allah will neither speak to them nor look upon them on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He make them grow. Theirs will be a painful doom.” (3:77) 00:05:38.610 --> 00:05:40.350 The verse. 00:05:40.350 --> 00:05:41.709 In a narration: 00:05:41.709 --> 00:05:43.949 Ibn Abi Awfa said, 00:05:43.949 --> 00:05:48.379 "The deceiver (najish) is a consumer of usury and a traitor." 00:05:48.379 --> 00:05:51.790 Commentary on the hadith: 00:05:51.790 --> 00:05:53.389 "Displayed goods" 00:05:53.389 --> 00:05:56.189 means he promoted and marketed them. 00:05:56.189 --> 00:06:00.269 "Swore by Allah that he had been offered for them what he had not been offered" 00:06:00.269 --> 00:06:04.509 means he swore falsely and deceitfully to promote his goods. 00:06:04.509 --> 00:06:06.269 "In order to entrap" 00:06:06.269 --> 00:06:09.470 means to deceive and mislead. 00:06:09.470 --> 00:06:15.389 “Lo! those who purchase a small gain at the cost of Allah's covenant and their oaths, they have no portion in the Hereafter. Allah will neither speak to them nor look upon them on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He make them grow. Theirs will be a painful doom.” (3:77) 00:06:15.389 --> 00:06:18.910 This includes everyone who takes something of the world 00:06:18.910 --> 00:06:23.629 in exchange for what he abandoned of the right of Allah or the rights of His servants. 00:06:23.629 --> 00:06:29.470 Likewise, whoever swears an oath by which he seizes the protected wealth of another. 00:06:29.550 --> 00:06:33.230 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:06:33.230 --> 00:06:35.389 It is derived from the hadith: 00:06:35.389 --> 00:06:38.589 The prohibition of deception in all its forms. 00:06:38.589 --> 00:06:41.470 It contains the prohibition of the false oath. 00:06:41.470 --> 00:06:46.769 It contains the encouragement of honesty in transactions. 00:06:46.769 --> 00:06:50.019 Chapter: What has been said regarding the camels 00:06:50.019 --> 00:06:52.100 Narrated 'Ali, who said: 00:06:52.100 --> 00:06:56.740 I had a mature she-camel from my share of the spoils on the day of Badr. 00:06:56.740 --> 00:07:00.339 The Prophet, peace be upon him, had given me 00:07:00.420 --> 00:07:04.660 from what Allah bestowed upon him from the one-fifth that day. 00:07:04.660 --> 00:07:08.740 When I intended to consummate my marriage with Fatimah, peace be upon her, 00:07:08.740 --> 00:07:12.259 the daughter of the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:07:12.259 --> 00:07:17.620 I made an appointment with a goldsmith among the Banu Qaynuqa' to travel with me, 00:07:17.620 --> 00:07:19.810 so that we might bring back idhkhir (fragrant grass). 00:07:19.810 --> 00:07:23.009 I intended to sell it to the goldsmiths, 00:07:23.009 --> 00:07:26.529 and use the proceeds to assist with the wedding feast. 00:07:26.610 --> 00:07:32.529 While I was gathering saddles, sacks, and ropes for my two she-camels, 00:07:32.529 --> 00:07:37.810 and my two she-camels were kneeling beside the room of a man from the Ansar, 00:07:37.810 --> 00:07:40.529 until I had gathered what I had gathered, 00:07:40.529 --> 00:07:45.009 I suddenly found my two she-camels had been slaughtered, 00:07:45.009 --> 00:07:47.329 their flanks had been cut open, 00:07:47.329 --> 00:07:50.050 and their livers had been taken. 00:07:50.050 --> 00:07:54.209 I could not control my eyes when I saw the sight. 00:07:54.290 --> 00:07:56.689 I asked, "Who did this?" 00:07:56.689 --> 00:08:00.850 They said, "Hamzah Ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib did it, 00:08:00.850 --> 00:08:04.769 and he is in this house drinking with some of the Ansar, 00:08:04.769 --> 00:08:07.730 with a singing girl and his companions." 00:08:07.730 --> 00:08:09.970 She was saying in her song, 00:08:09.970 --> 00:08:13.569 "O Hamzah, go for the fat, humped camels!" 00:08:13.569 --> 00:08:15.810 Hamzah jumped up to his sword, 00:08:15.810 --> 00:08:20.129 slaughtered them, cut open their flanks, 00:08:20.129 --> 00:08:22.910 and took their livers. 00:08:22.990 --> 00:08:29.230 'Ali said: I set off until I entered upon the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:08:29.230 --> 00:08:31.870 and Zayd Ibn Harithah was with him. 00:08:31.870 --> 00:08:36.190 The Prophet, peace be upon him, recognized what I had encountered. 00:08:36.190 --> 00:08:38.830 He said, "What is the matter with you?" 00:08:38.830 --> 00:08:42.990 I said, "O Messenger of Allah, I have never seen a day like today! 00:08:42.990 --> 00:08:45.549 Hamzah attacked my two she-camels, 00:08:45.549 --> 00:08:50.110 slaughtered them, and cut open their flanks, 00:08:50.190 --> 00:08:53.549 and he is there in a house with people drinking." 00:08:53.549 --> 00:08:58.509 The Prophet, peace be upon him, called for his cloak and put it on, 00:08:58.509 --> 00:09:00.669 then he set off walking, 00:09:00.669 --> 00:09:03.789 and I and Zayd Ibn Harithah followed him, 00:09:03.789 --> 00:09:07.309 until he came to the house where Hamzah was. 00:09:07.309 --> 00:09:10.350 He asked for permission to enter, and he was granted it. 00:09:10.350 --> 00:09:16.029 The Prophet, peace be upon him, began to reproach Hamzah for what he had done. 00:09:16.029 --> 00:09:20.059 Hamzah was intoxicated, his eyes red. 00:09:20.059 --> 00:09:24.379 Hamzah looked at the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:09:24.379 --> 00:09:27.820 then he raised his gaze and looked at his knees. 00:09:27.820 --> 00:09:29.570 In a narration: 00:09:29.570 --> 00:09:33.759 Then he raised his gaze and looked at his navel. 00:09:33.759 --> 00:09:37.279 Then he raised his gaze and looked at his face. 00:09:37.279 --> 00:09:39.200 Then Hamzah said, 00:09:39.200 --> 00:09:42.830 "Are you not but slaves to my father?" 00:09:42.830 --> 00:09:47.389 The Prophet, peace be upon him, realized that he was intoxicated, 00:09:47.389 --> 00:09:53.389 so the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, retreated on his heels, walking backward. 00:09:53.389 --> 00:09:56.389 He left, and we left with him. 00:09:56.389 --> 00:10:02.350 In a narration: This was before the prohibition of alcohol. 00:10:02.350 --> 00:10:04.350 Commentary on the hadith: 00:10:04.350 --> 00:10:08.740 "Sharif" is the mature she-camel. 00:10:08.740 --> 00:10:11.740 "Nasibi" means my share. 00:10:11.740 --> 00:10:14.740 "Ibtani" means to consummate the marriage. 00:10:14.740 --> 00:10:19.740 "Wa'adtu" means I agreed to meet at a specific time. 00:10:19.740 --> 00:10:23.740 "Sowagh" is one who makes jewelry. 00:10:23.740 --> 00:10:26.740 "Yartahil" means to go. 00:10:26.740 --> 00:10:29.740 "Fa-na'ti" means we bring. 00:10:29.740 --> 00:10:33.860 "Idhkhir" is a well-known plant with a pleasant scent. 00:10:33.860 --> 00:10:37.860 "Aqtab" means what is placed on the camel as a saddle. 00:10:37.860 --> 00:10:41.960 "Ghara'ir" are sacks for grain. 00:10:41.960 --> 00:10:44.960 "Munakhan" means kneeling. 00:10:44.960 --> 00:10:47.990 "Hujrah" means a room. 00:10:47.990 --> 00:10:50.990 "Ujibat" means slaughtered. 00:10:50.990 --> 00:10:52.990 "Buqirat khawasiruhuma" 00:10:52.990 --> 00:10:55.990 means their sides were slit and pierced. 00:10:55.990 --> 00:10:58.990 "Ukhidha" means taken. 00:10:59.019 --> 00:11:03.019 "Falam amlik 'ayni" means I wept. 00:11:03.019 --> 00:11:07.019 "Shurb" means a group drinking alcohol. 00:11:07.019 --> 00:11:10.019 "Qaynah" means a singing slave girl. 00:11:10.019 --> 00:11:13.019 "Lil-shuruf" means for the camels. 00:11:13.019 --> 00:11:16.019 "Al-Nawa" means the fat ones. 00:11:16.019 --> 00:11:19.019 "Fawathaba" means he stood up quickly. 00:11:19.019 --> 00:11:22.090 "Ada" means he assaulted. 00:11:22.090 --> 00:11:25.090 "Fartada" means he put on. 00:11:25.090 --> 00:11:28.090 "Fatafaqa" means he began. 00:11:28.090 --> 00:11:31.090 "Yalum" means he reproached. 00:11:31.090 --> 00:11:34.090 "Thamul" means drunk. 00:11:34.090 --> 00:11:38.090 "Sa'ada al-nazar" means he raised his gaze and directed it. 00:11:38.090 --> 00:11:41.120 "Fanakasa" means he returned. 00:11:41.120 --> 00:11:44.120 "Ala 'aqibayhi al-qahqara" 00:11:44.120 --> 00:11:47.120 Meaning: he turned back, facing him. 00:11:51.240 --> 00:11:53.240 The hadith teaches us: 00:11:53.240 --> 00:11:58.240 The permissibility of selling *idhkhir* (a type of fragrant grass) and other permissible items, and earning a living through them. 00:11:58.240 --> 00:12:03.269 It demonstrates the legitimacy of seeking assistance from skilled professionals in their respective crafts. 00:12:03.269 --> 00:12:07.299 It shows the permissibility of transacting with a Jewish goldsmith. 00:12:07.299 --> 00:12:10.299 It shows the legitimacy of seeking help for wedding feasts. 00:12:10.299 --> 00:12:14.299 And the importance of striving to provide wholesome food for them. 00:12:14.299 --> 00:12:19.299 It indicates that the primary responsibility for wedding feast food lies with the groom. 00:12:19.299 --> 00:12:22.399 It shows the permissibility of goldsmithing and consuming the earnings derived from it. 00:12:22.399 --> 00:12:25.399 This applies to items that are permissible to craft. 00:12:25.399 --> 00:12:29.399 Unlike if one were to craft images or jewelry for men. 00:12:29.399 --> 00:12:34.429 The hadith indicates that grief and sorrow over financial loss 00:12:34.429 --> 00:12:38.429 may reach the point where even a righteous man might weep. 00:12:38.429 --> 00:12:42.429 It shows the permissibility of removing one's outer garment while sitting at home. 00:12:42.429 --> 00:12:47.429 It shows the legitimacy of a person dressing lightly within their own home, 00:12:47.429 --> 00:12:49.429 provided that the private parts are covered. 00:12:49.429 --> 00:12:52.429 It shows that one should refrain from addressing someone who is intoxicated or drunk, 00:12:52.429 --> 00:12:56.429 because they cannot comprehend speech in that state. 00:12:56.429 --> 00:13:01.429 It shows that one who passes in front of an intoxicated or drunk person 00:13:01.429 --> 00:13:04.429 should not turn their back to them, 00:13:04.429 --> 00:13:07.429 because one cannot be safe from harm by them. 00:13:07.429 --> 00:13:11.870 Chapter: Mention of the Blacksmith and the Ironworker. 00:13:11.870 --> 00:13:15.259 Narrated Khabbab, who said: 00:13:15.259 --> 00:13:18.259 "I was a blacksmith during the Jahiliyyah. 00:13:18.259 --> 00:13:21.259 I was owed a debt by al-'As ibn Wa'il. 00:13:21.259 --> 00:13:24.259 I went to him to demand payment. 00:13:24.259 --> 00:13:30.259 He said, 'I will not pay you until you disbelieve in Muhammad, peace be upon him.' 00:13:30.259 --> 00:13:36.259 I replied, 'I will not disbelieve until Allah causes you to die and then you are resurrected.' 00:13:36.259 --> 00:13:40.259 He said, 'Leave me until I die and am resurrected, 00:13:40.259 --> 00:13:44.259 then I will be given wealth and children, and I will pay you back.' 00:13:44.259 --> 00:13:49.259 Then the verse was revealed: 'Have you seen him who disbelieved in Our signs?' 00:13:49.259 --> 00:13:53.259 'And said, "I will surely be given wealth and children."'" 00:13:53.259 --> 00:13:58.259 “Hath he perused the Unseen, or hath he made a pact with the Beneficent?” (19:78) 00:13:58.259 --> 00:14:01.960 Commentary on the hadith: 00:14:01.960 --> 00:14:05.340 *Qaynan* means a blacksmith. 00:14:05.340 --> 00:14:07.340 *Dayn* means a debt. 00:14:07.340 --> 00:14:12.340 It is said that Khabbab, may Allah be pleased with him, crafted some jewelry for al-'As. 00:14:12.340 --> 00:14:14.539 "I went to him to demand payment," 00:14:14.539 --> 00:14:18.539 meaning I went to al-'As to ask for my debt. 00:14:18.539 --> 00:14:22.659 "And I will pay you back," meaning I will give you your due. 00:14:22.659 --> 00:14:25.980 “Hast thou seen him who disbelieveth in Our revelations and saith: Assuredly I shall be given wealth and children?” (19:77) 00:14:25.980 --> 00:14:28.980 "And said, 'I will surely be given wealth and children,'" 00:14:28.980 --> 00:14:33.980 meaning: Are you not amazed at the one who combined his disbelief in the signs of Allah 00:14:33.980 --> 00:14:37.980 with his claim that he would be given wealth and children in the Hereafter, 00:14:37.980 --> 00:14:40.980 implying he would be among the people of Paradise? 00:14:40.980 --> 00:14:46.269 “Hath he perused the Unseen, or hath he made a pact with the Beneficent?” (19:78) 00:14:46.269 --> 00:14:48.269 This claim cannot be true, 00:14:48.269 --> 00:14:53.269 unless his statement was based on knowledge of the unseen future, 00:14:53.269 --> 00:14:55.269 which is impossible. 00:14:55.269 --> 00:15:01.269 Or unless he had a covenant with Allah through faith in Him and following His messengers. 00:15:01.269 --> 00:15:04.269 Since both of these are absent, 00:15:04.269 --> 00:15:07.269 it is known that his claim is false. 00:15:07.269 --> 00:15:10.500 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:15:10.500 --> 00:15:13.580 The hadith teaches us: 00:15:13.580 --> 00:15:18.580 That a blacksmith is not harmed by his trade if he is a just person. 00:15:18.580 --> 00:15:23.649 It shows that a person might utter a word of mockery, 00:15:23.649 --> 00:15:27.649 and because of it, a decree of Allah’s wrath is written against him until the Day of Resurrection. 00:15:27.649 --> 00:15:32.779 It shows the permissibility of being stern in demanding a debt from one who opposes the truth 00:15:32.779 --> 00:15:35.779 and manifests injustice and aggression. 00:15:35.779 --> 00:15:38.779 The hadith confirms the reality of the Resurrection and the Gathering. 00:15:38.779 --> 00:15:42.779 It shows the obligation to pay off all debts. 00:15:42.779 --> 00:15:46.700 Chapter: Mention of the Tailor. 00:15:46.700 --> 00:15:50.179 Narrated Anas ibn Malik, who said: 00:15:51.210 --> 00:15:55.210 "A tailor invited the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:15:55.210 --> 00:15:57.210 to a meal he had prepared. 00:15:57.210 --> 00:16:01.210 I went with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:16:01.210 --> 00:16:03.210 to that meal. 00:16:03.210 --> 00:16:07.210 He served the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:16:07.210 --> 00:16:09.210 barley bread, 00:16:09.210 --> 00:16:12.210 and broth containing gourd and dried meat." 00:16:12.210 --> 00:16:14.370 In another narration: 00:16:14.370 --> 00:16:17.370 "I entered with the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:16:17.370 --> 00:16:19.370 to visit a servant of his who was a tailor. 00:16:19.370 --> 00:16:22.370 He presented to him a bowl containing *tharid* (bread soaked in broth), 00:16:22.370 --> 00:16:25.370 and went back to his work. 00:16:25.370 --> 00:16:28.460 I saw the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:16:28.460 --> 00:16:32.460 picking out the gourd from around the bowl. 00:16:32.460 --> 00:16:36.559 I have loved gourd ever since that day." 00:16:36.559 --> 00:16:38.750 Anas said: 00:16:38.750 --> 00:16:41.750 "I began gathering the gourd and placing it before him." 00:16:41.750 --> 00:16:45.580 Commentary on the hadith: 00:16:45.580 --> 00:16:50.000 *Faqarraba* means he presented and brought forward. 00:16:50.000 --> 00:16:53.129 *Duba'* means gourd (pumpkin). 00:16:53.129 --> 00:16:58.129 *Qadid* is meat that has been salted and dried in the sun. 00:16:58.129 --> 00:17:03.129 A *sahfah* is a dish that holds enough to satisfy five people. 00:17:03.129 --> 00:17:05.130 A *qas'ah* satisfies ten. 00:17:05.130 --> 00:17:08.579 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:17:08.579 --> 00:17:11.539 The hadith teaches us: 00:17:11.539 --> 00:17:14.539 The recommendation of accepting an invitation. 00:17:14.539 --> 00:17:18.539 It demonstrates the humility of the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:17:18.539 --> 00:17:21.539 as he accepted the invitation of a tailor and others like him. 00:17:21.539 --> 00:17:25.539 It shows the virtue of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:17:25.539 --> 00:17:30.539 as his love for the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, reached the point 00:17:30.539 --> 00:17:34.539 that he loved whatever the Prophet, peace be upon him, loved, 00:17:34.539 --> 00:17:36.539 including food. 00:17:36.539 --> 00:17:40.700 The hadith provides evidence for the virtue of gourd over other vegetables. 00:17:40.700 --> 00:17:44.700 It shows the permissibility of eating the food of a tailor or a goldsmith, 00:17:44.700 --> 00:17:46.700 and accepting their invitation, 00:17:46.700 --> 00:17:48.700 because their earnings are wholesome. 00:17:48.700 --> 00:17:51.700 It shows the permissibility of accepting *tharid*, 00:17:51.700 --> 00:17:53.700 which is the best of foods. 00:17:53.700 --> 00:17:56.700 It shows the permissibility of hiring someone for tailoring. 00:17:56.700 --> 00:17:59.730 It shows that part of the perfection of faith 00:17:59.730 --> 00:18:04.730 is to love everything the Prophet, peace be upon him, loved, 00:18:04.730 --> 00:18:07.730 to follow his traces in everything, 00:18:07.730 --> 00:18:09.730 and to adopt his character. 00:18:09.730 --> 00:18:13.819 It shows the permissibility of picking out food from around the bowl 00:18:14.819 --> 00:18:17.819 if the food is mixed. 00:18:17.819 --> 00:18:23.900 Chapter: Purchasing Scabby or Diseased Camels. 00:18:23.900 --> 00:18:26.380 Narrated 'Umar, who said: 00:18:26.380 --> 00:18:29.380 "There was a man here named Nuwas, 00:18:29.380 --> 00:18:32.380 and he had scabby camels. 00:18:32.380 --> 00:18:35.420 Ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, went 00:18:35.420 --> 00:18:39.450 and bought those camels from a partner of his. 00:18:39.450 --> 00:18:41.450 His partner came to him 00:18:41.450 --> 00:18:42.450 and said, 00:18:42.450 --> 00:18:44.450 'Did we sell those camels?' 00:18:44.450 --> 00:18:45.450 He asked, 00:18:45.450 --> 00:18:47.450 'To whom did you sell them?' 00:18:47.450 --> 00:18:48.450 He replied, 00:18:48.450 --> 00:18:51.450 'To such-and-such an old man.' 00:18:51.450 --> 00:18:52.450 He said, 00:18:52.450 --> 00:18:53.450 'Woe to you! 00:18:53.450 --> 00:18:56.450 By Allah, that was Ibn 'Umar.' 00:18:56.450 --> 00:18:58.450 He came to him and said, 00:18:58.450 --> 00:19:01.450 'My partner sold you scabby camels, 00:19:01.450 --> 00:19:03.450 and he did not recognize you.' 00:19:03.450 --> 00:19:04.450 He said, 00:19:04.450 --> 00:19:06.450 'Then take them back.' 00:19:06.450 --> 00:19:07.480 He said, 00:19:07.480 --> 00:19:10.480 'When he went to take them back, 00:19:10.480 --> 00:19:11.480 he said, 00:19:11.480 --> 00:19:12.480 "Leave them; 00:19:12.480 --> 00:19:17.480 we are content with the decree of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him: 00:19:17.480 --> 00:19:19.480 'There is no contagion.''" 00:19:19.480 --> 00:19:22.930 Commentary on the hadith: 00:19:22.930 --> 00:19:24.410 "Here," 00:19:24.410 --> 00:19:26.410 meaning in Makkah. 00:19:26.410 --> 00:19:27.410 "Scabby camels," 00:19:27.410 --> 00:19:28.410 meaning sick. 00:19:28.410 --> 00:19:30.410 *Hiyam* 00:19:30.410 --> 00:19:32.410 is a disease that causes camels to become thirsty, 00:19:32.410 --> 00:19:36.410 so they drink water excessively but are never quenched. 00:19:36.410 --> 00:19:38.500 Al-Bukhari said: 00:19:39.500 --> 00:19:43.660 "The *ha'im* is one who deviates from the intended path in everything." 00:19:43.660 --> 00:19:44.660 "Woe to you," 00:19:44.660 --> 00:19:49.660 a phrase said to someone who has fallen into a predicament they did not deserve. 00:19:49.660 --> 00:19:51.730 "Take them back," 00:19:51.730 --> 00:19:54.730 meaning take them back as they are returned to you. 00:19:54.730 --> 00:19:55.730 "Leave them," 00:19:55.730 --> 00:19:57.789 meaning abandon them. 00:19:57.789 --> 00:19:58.789 "Decree," 00:19:58.789 --> 00:20:00.789 meaning judgment. 00:20:00.789 --> 00:20:01.789 "There is no contagion," 00:20:01.789 --> 00:20:04.789 meaning disease does not transmit itself by its own nature. 00:20:04.789 --> 00:20:07.789 Rather, the One who causes illness and sends down the disease 00:20:07.789 --> 00:20:09.789 is Allah, the Almighty and Exalted. 00:20:09.789 --> 00:20:12.789 Everything is by decree and predestination. 00:20:12.789 --> 00:20:17.390 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:20:17.390 --> 00:20:19.390 The hadith teaches us: 00:20:19.390 --> 00:20:25.390 The permissibility of buying a defective item if the seller has disclosed the defect and the buyer is content with it. 00:20:25.390 --> 00:20:28.390 This is not considered deception. 00:20:28.390 --> 00:20:30.390 It shows the avoidance of injustice, 00:20:30.390 --> 00:20:33.390 and that injustice toward the righteous is even greater. 00:20:33.390 --> 00:20:43.470 The report indicates that the Tabi'un, as a whole, recognized the rights of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them. 00:20:43.470 --> 00:20:46.470 Chapter: Selling Weapons During Times of Strife. 00:20:46.470 --> 00:20:51.079 Narrated Abu Qatadah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:20:51.079 --> 00:20:56.079 "We went out with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, in the year of Hunayn. 00:20:56.079 --> 00:20:58.079 When we met the enemy, 00:20:58.079 --> 00:21:00.079 the Muslims suffered a setback. 00:21:00.079 --> 00:21:05.079 I saw a man from the polytheists attacking a man from the Muslims, 00:21:05.079 --> 00:21:08.079 so I circled around until I came upon him from behind, 00:21:08.079 --> 00:21:12.079 and I struck him with my sword on the shoulder strap of his armor. 00:21:12.079 --> 00:21:14.079 He turned toward me 00:21:14.079 --> 00:21:18.079 and squeezed me so hard that I felt the scent of death. 00:21:18.079 --> 00:21:20.079 Then death overtook him, 00:21:20.079 --> 00:21:22.079 and he released me. 00:21:22.079 --> 00:21:25.079 I met 'Umar ibn al-Khattab and said, 00:21:25.079 --> 00:21:27.079 'What is the matter with the people?' 00:21:27.079 --> 00:21:30.079 He said, 'It is the command of Allah.' 00:21:30.079 --> 00:21:32.180 Then the people returned, 00:21:32.180 --> 00:21:35.180 and the Prophet, peace be upon him, sat down 00:21:35.180 --> 00:21:37.180 and said, 00:21:37.180 --> 00:21:40.180 'Whoever kills an enemy combatant and has proof of it, 00:21:40.180 --> 00:21:42.180 for him is his spoils.' 00:21:42.180 --> 00:21:44.180 I stood up and said, 00:21:44.180 --> 00:21:46.180 'Who will bear witness for me?' 00:21:46.180 --> 00:21:48.180 Then I sat down. 00:21:48.180 --> 00:21:49.180 Then he said, 00:21:49.180 --> 00:21:54.180 'Whoever kills an enemy combatant and has proof of it, for him is his spoils.' 00:21:54.180 --> 00:21:56.180 I stood up and said, 00:21:56.180 --> 00:21:58.180 'Who will bear witness for me?' 00:21:58.180 --> 00:22:00.180 Then I sat down. 00:22:00.180 --> 00:22:07.940 Then he said it a third time. I stood up, and the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, 00:22:07.940 --> 00:22:17.380 'What is the matter with you, O Abu Qatadah?' I told him the story. A man said, 'He is truthful, O Messenger of Allah, 00:22:17.380 --> 00:22:26.460 and his spoils are with me, so compensate him on my behalf.' Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, said, 'No, by Allah! 00:22:26.660 --> 00:22:35.859 He will not be ignored in favor of a lion among the lions of Allah.' In one narration: 'No, he will not give it to a young man of Quraysh 00:22:35.859 --> 00:22:43.420 and leave a lion among the lions of Allah who fights for Allah and His Messenger, peace be upon him, 00:22:43.420 --> 00:22:53.220 and give you his spoils.' The Prophet, peace be upon him, said, 'He is truthful,' so he gave it to him. I sold the armor 00:22:53.220 --> 00:23:01.079 and bought a garden in the tribe of Banu Salamah. In one narration: 'I bought some date palms from it.' 00:23:01.079 --> 00:23:11.230 It was the first property I acquired in Islam." Commentary on the hadith: "Year of 00:23:11.230 --> 00:23:18.670 Hunayn, meaning in the eighth year after the Hijrah, refers to a turn of events, a retreat, a scattering, and a decline. 00:23:18.670 --> 00:23:26.339 Regarding their positions; "the strap of his shoulder" is the place where the garment rests on the neck; "I caught a scent of it." 00:23:26.339 --> 00:23:35.329 Death; the intended meaning is "it nearly choked me with its grip"; "death overtook him," meaning he died; "so he sent me." 00:23:35.329 --> 00:23:43.890 Meaning he left me; "What is the matter with the people?" meaning what is their state; "they returned," meaning after the defeat. 00:23:44.450 --> 00:23:53.690 "Between," meaning evidence of the spoils—what one of the combatants takes from his opponent in war. 00:23:53.690 --> 00:24:02.660 From what he has with him, such as weapons, clothing, a mount, and so on; "so I narrated," meaning I recounted. 00:24:02.660 --> 00:24:11.420 "So satisfy him on my behalf," meaning give him what will satisfy him; "No, by Allah," meaning by Allah, this shall not be. 00:24:11.420 --> 00:24:21.529 "He does not intend," meaning he does not aim for; "truthful," meaning Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him; "so he gave him," meaning he gave. 00:24:21.529 --> 00:24:28.339 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, gave the armor to Abu Qatadah, may Allah be pleased with him, and I bought with it. 00:24:28.339 --> 00:24:37.500 Meaning I purchased with it a *makhraf*, meaning an orchard among the Banu Salamah, who are a clan of the Ansar. 00:24:37.500 --> 00:24:49.579 "I established it," meaning I gathered it; *khirafan*, meaning an orchard; among the benefits of the hadith, this hadith. 00:24:49.579 --> 00:24:56.700 Is used as evidence by those who say that the spoils are taken from the entirety of the booty, not from the one-fifth (khums), and it contains. 00:24:56.700 --> 00:25:03.619 That if a man claims he killed a specific person and claims his spoils, he is given the spoils along with. 00:25:04.460 --> 00:25:11.660 In the hadith, there is evidence for the inclusion of those who have no share in the general statement: "Whoever kills a combatant." 00:25:11.660 --> 00:25:18.539 It also indicates that the spoils are the right of the killer who incapacitated the victim with the killing, not the one who stood. 00:25:18.539 --> 00:25:25.680 By him; it also indicates that the spoils are the right of the killer from every slain person, provided that. 00:25:25.680 --> 00:25:32.480 The slain person was among the combatants; it also clarifies the virtue of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:25:32.480 --> 00:25:43.130 Chapter on the Perfumer and the Sale of Musk; on the authority of Abu Musa, may Allah be pleased with him, from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:25:43.130 --> 00:25:50.410 He said: "The likeness of a righteous companion and an evil one is that of a musk-seller and a blacksmith's bellows." 00:25:50.410 --> 00:25:59.660 In one narration: "And the blacksmith's bellows; you will not miss out on the musk-seller." As for the musk-seller. 00:25:59.660 --> 00:26:07.500 Either he will give you some, or you will buy from him, or you will find a pleasant scent from him. 00:26:07.500 --> 00:26:16.259 And the bellows-blower will either burn your clothes—in one narration: "burn your body or your garment." 00:26:16.259 --> 00:26:22.990 Or you will find a foul odor. Commentary on the hadith. 00:26:23.940 --> 00:26:35.900 The perfumer is one who sells perfume, which is fragrance; the companion is one who sits with others; musk is the well-known fragrance. 00:26:35.900 --> 00:26:44.220 The bellows-blower is the blacksmith; the bellows is the shop of the blacksmith and the goldsmith; it is also said. 00:26:44.220 --> 00:26:54.759 It is the tool into which the blacksmith blows; "he gives you," meaning he gifts you and grants you; "you buy," meaning you purchase. 00:26:54.759 --> 00:27:01.099 "That you find a pleasant scent from him," meaning you smell a pleasant fragrance from him. 00:27:01.099 --> 00:27:07.450 "That you find a foul odor," meaning you smell a bad fragrance from him. 00:27:07.490 --> 00:27:10.920 From the benefits of the hadith. 00:27:10.920 --> 00:27:20.240 It is understood from the hadith that it is forbidden to sit with those whose company causes harm, such as the backbiter and those who engage in falsehood. 00:27:20.240 --> 00:27:27.000 It also encourages sitting with those whose company brings benefit, such as the remembrance of Allah the Exalted. 00:27:27.000 --> 00:27:31.190 Learning knowledge, and all acts of righteousness. 00:27:31.190 --> 00:27:36.710 It also permits the use of analogies in religion and the permissibility of using parables. 00:27:36.750 --> 00:27:39.990 The hadith provides evidence for the purity of musk. 00:27:39.990 --> 00:27:44.619 Chapter on the Mention of the Cupper (Hajjam). 00:27:44.619 --> 00:27:50.119 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, that he was asked about the wages of the cupper. 00:27:50.119 --> 00:27:55.400 He said: "The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was cupped." 00:27:55.400 --> 00:27:59.960 In one narration: "And he would not cheat anyone of his wages." 00:27:59.960 --> 00:28:05.029 Abu Taybah cupped him, and he gave him two *sa'* of food. 00:28:05.430 --> 00:28:12.470 In one narration: "And he ordered for him a *sa'* or two *sa'*, or a *mudd* or two *mudd*." 00:28:12.470 --> 00:28:16.259 In one narration: "A *sa'* of dates." 00:28:16.259 --> 00:28:19.869 And he spoke to his masters, so they lightened his burden. 00:28:19.869 --> 00:28:26.190 In one narration: "And he spoke to his masters, so his tax or his tribute was lightened." 00:28:26.190 --> 00:28:29.410 In one narration: "From his *kharaj* (tribute)." 00:28:29.410 --> 00:28:34.410 And he said: "The best of what you use for medical treatment is cupping." 00:28:34.450 --> 00:28:36.650 And the Indian costus (al-Qust al-Bahri). 00:28:36.650 --> 00:28:41.849 And he said: "Do not torture your children by pressing the uvula for tonsillitis." 00:28:41.849 --> 00:28:45.019 "And you should use the costus." 00:28:45.019 --> 00:28:48.380 Commentary on the hadith. 00:28:48.380 --> 00:28:51.900 Abu Taybah; it is said his name was Dinar. 00:28:51.900 --> 00:28:55.539 It is also said Nafi', and other names have been mentioned. 00:28:55.539 --> 00:28:58.220 "And he gave him," meaning his wages. 00:28:58.220 --> 00:29:02.579 "And he spoke to his masters," meaning those who own him. 00:29:02.619 --> 00:29:05.940 "The best," meaning the most excellent. 00:29:05.940 --> 00:29:07.779 And the Indian costus. 00:29:07.779 --> 00:29:10.339 It is a plant known in medicine. 00:29:10.339 --> 00:29:12.089 Pleasant in scent. 00:29:12.089 --> 00:29:15.450 "Your children," meaning your little ones. 00:29:15.450 --> 00:29:16.809 "By pressing." 00:29:16.809 --> 00:29:20.769 Pressing is the lifting of the uvula with the finger as a treatment. 00:29:20.769 --> 00:29:22.970 And other things have been said. 00:29:22.970 --> 00:29:25.849 Tonsillitis is a pain in the throat. 00:29:25.849 --> 00:29:28.049 It is the falling of the uvula. 00:29:28.049 --> 00:29:29.490 "From his *kharaj*." 00:29:29.490 --> 00:29:31.089 *Kharaj* here. 00:29:31.089 --> 00:29:36.759 Is what the master mandates his slave to pay him every day. 00:29:36.759 --> 00:29:40.299 From the benefits of the hadith. 00:29:40.299 --> 00:29:42.220 It is understood from the hadith. 00:29:42.220 --> 00:29:44.380 The legitimacy of cupping. 00:29:44.380 --> 00:29:50.200 It also encourages gentleness in medical treatment and other matters. 00:29:50.200 --> 00:29:53.319 On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both. 00:29:53.319 --> 00:29:56.519 From the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:29:56.519 --> 00:29:59.640 He was cupped and gave the cupper his wages. 00:29:59.640 --> 00:30:01.799 And he used nasal drops (sa'ut). 00:30:01.799 --> 00:30:04.890 Commentary on the hadith. 00:30:04.890 --> 00:30:07.130 "And he gave the cupper his wages." 00:30:07.130 --> 00:30:10.130 Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, said. 00:30:10.130 --> 00:30:13.210 "If it were forbidden, he would not have given it to him." 00:30:13.210 --> 00:30:14.609 "And he used nasal drops." 00:30:14.609 --> 00:30:15.650 *Sa'ut* (nasal drops). 00:30:15.650 --> 00:30:19.390 Is medicine that is placed in the nose. 00:30:19.390 --> 00:30:23.200 From the benefits of the hadith. 00:30:23.200 --> 00:30:25.279 It is understood from the hadith. 00:30:25.279 --> 00:30:29.119 The permissibility of employing a worker without specifying his wages. 00:30:29.119 --> 00:30:31.920 If that is the established custom. 00:30:31.920 --> 00:30:35.200 It also contains the permissibility of taking wages for cupping.