In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.
Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari.
Surah al-Ra'd.
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
The likeness of the Paradise which the righteous have been promised:
Beneath which rivers flow.
Its food is everlasting, and its shade.
That is the final outcome for those who were righteous.
And the final outcome for the disbelievers is the Fire.
This is the description of the Paradise promised to the righteous.
Beneath it, rivers flow.
The food within it is everlasting for its inhabitants.
Its shade is likewise everlasting.
This is because there is no sun therein.
This Paradise is the final outcome for those who feared Allah.
They avoided His prohibitions and fulfilled His obligatory duties.
And the final outcome for those who disbelieve in Allah is the Fire.
“Those unto whom We gave the Scripture rejoice in that which is revealed unto thee. And of the clans there are who deny some of it. Say: I am commanded only that I serve Allah and ascribe unto Him no partner. Unto Him I cry, and unto Him is my return.” (13:36)
“Those unto whom We gave the Scripture rejoice in that which is revealed unto thee. And of the clans there are who deny some of it. Say: I am commanded only that I serve Allah and ascribe unto Him no partner. Unto Him I cry, and unto Him is my return.” (13:36)
“Those unto whom We gave the Scripture rejoice in that which is revealed unto thee. And of the clans there are who deny some of it. Say: I am commanded only that I serve Allah and ascribe unto Him no partner. Unto Him I cry, and unto Him is my return.” (13:36)
“Those unto whom We gave the Scripture rejoice in that which is revealed unto thee. And of the clans there are who deny some of it. Say: I am commanded only that I serve Allah and ascribe unto Him no partner. Unto Him I cry, and unto Him is my return.” (13:36)
As for those to whom We have sent down the Book—those among them who believe in you and follow you, O Muhammad—
They rejoice in what has been revealed to you of it.
But among the factions of the religious communities who oppose you,
There are those who deny some of what has been revealed to you.
So say to them:
"I have only been commanded, O people,
To worship Allah alone, apart from all else,
And not to associate anything with Him.
To His obedience and the sincere worship of Him, I invite the people,
And to Him is my final return."
“Thus have We revealed it, a decisive utterance in Arabic; and if thou shouldst follow their desires after that which hath come unto thee of knowledge, then truly wouldst thou have from Allah no protecting friend nor defender.” (13:37)
“Thus have We revealed it, a decisive utterance in Arabic; and if thou shouldst follow their desires after that which hath come unto thee of knowledge, then truly wouldst thou have from Allah no protecting friend nor defender.” (13:37)
You have no protector against Allah.
“Thus have We revealed it, a decisive utterance in Arabic; and if thou shouldst follow their desires after that which hath come unto thee of knowledge, then truly wouldst thou have from Allah no protecting friend nor defender.” (13:37)
Just as We sent down the Book to you, O Muhammad, and some factions denied it,
So too have We sent down the judgment and the religion,
As an Arabic judgment.
It was made Arabic,
Because it was revealed to Muhammad, peace be upon him, who is an Arab.
And if you were to follow, O Muhammad, the whims of these factions, their approval, and their desires,
You would have no protector to shield you from the punishment of Allah, nor any helper to assist you,
To save you from Allah if He were to punish you.
We have indeed sent messengers before you,
And We granted them wives and descendants.
It is not for any messenger to bring a sign except by the permission of Allah.
For every term, there is a decree.
We have indeed sent, O Muhammad, messengers before you to nations that passed away before your Ummah.
We made them human beings like you.
They had wives with whom they procreated,
And descendants whom they sired.
We did not make them angels who neither eat, nor drink, nor marry.
No messenger sent by Allah to His creation has the power
To bring his people a sign or a miracle except by the command of Allah.
For every term—a matter decreed by Allah—there is a record He has written and kept with Him.
Allah eliminates what He wills and confirms what He wills,
And with Him is the Mother of the Book.
“Whether We let thee see something of that which We have promised them, or make thee die (before its happening), thine is but conveyance (of the message). Ours the reckoning.” (13:40)
And upon Us is the reckoning.
And upon Us is the reckoning.
And upon Us is the reckoning.
Whether We show you, O Muhammad, during your lifetime some of what We have promised these polytheists,
By way of punishment for their disbelief,
Or We take you to Us before We show you that,
Your duty is only to convey His message to them,
And upon Us is their reckoning,
And their recompense for their deeds.
If it is good, then it is good,
And if it is evil, then it is evil.
Do they not see that We come to the land, reducing it from its borders?
“See they not how we aim to the land, reducing it of its outlying parts? (When) Allah doometh there is none that can postpone His doom, and He is swift at reckoning.” (13:41)
And He is swift in reckoning.
Do these polytheists who ask Muhammad for signs not see
That We come to the land,
And conquer it for him, land after land, surrounding their own territory?
Do they not fear that We shall conquer their land for him just as We conquered others for him?
Allah is the One who judges, and His judgment is executed.
Allah is swift in reckoning.
He tallies the deeds of these polytheists,
“Lo! nothing in the earth or in the heavens is hidden from Allah.” (3:5)
And He is the One who will requite them for those deeds.
“Those who were before them plotted; but all plotting is Allah's. He knoweth that which each soul earneth. The disbelievers will come to know for whom will be the sequel of the (heavenly) Home.” (13:42)
“Those who were before them plotted; but all plotting is Allah's. He knoweth that which each soul earneth. The disbelievers will come to know for whom will be the sequel of the (heavenly) Home.” (13:42)
And the disbelievers will come to know for whom is the final home.
Those before these polytheists—the nations that passed away—also plotted,
But to Allah belongs all power of plotting.
It is in His hand and returns to Him.
The plotters did not harm anyone with their plotting,
Except those whom Allah willed to be harmed by it.
They only harmed themselves by it,
Because they incurred the wrath of their Lord against themselves through it.
Your Lord knows, O Muhammad, what these polytheists do,
And He knows all the deeds of all creation.
They will come to know, when they arrive before their Lord on the Day of Resurrection,
For whom is the final home of the Hereafter.
“They who disbelieve say: Thou art no messenger (of Allah). Say: Allah, and whosoever hath knowledge of the Scripture, is sufficient witness between me and you.” (13:43)
Say: "Sufficient is Allah as a witness between me and you."
“They who disbelieve say: Thou art no messenger (of Allah). Say: Allah, and whosoever hath knowledge of the Scripture, is sufficient witness between me and you.” (13:43)
And those who disbelieve in Allah among your people, O Muhammad, say:
"You are not a messenger,"
Denying you.
Say: "Sufficient is Allah as a witness between me and you."
And those who possess knowledge of the Books revealed before the Qur'an,
Such as the Torah and the Gospel.