1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,359 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:04,339 --> 00:00:06,219 Mawaddah Association 3 00:00:06,219 --> 00:00:07,700 presents: 4 00:00:07,700 --> 00:00:10,980 The Ten Promised Paradise: 5 00:00:10,980 --> 00:00:15,539 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, 6 00:00:15,539 --> 00:00:17,539 may Allah be pleased with him. 7 00:00:17,539 --> 00:00:22,539 "Loving the Companions and the Prophet's kin is an established Sunnah, 8 00:00:22,539 --> 00:00:27,460 with which I shall meet my Lord when He resurrects me." 9 00:00:27,460 --> 00:00:29,460 "Loving the Companions and the Prophet's kin is an established Sunnah..." 10 00:00:29,460 --> 00:00:31,859 This is the city of the Prophet, 11 00:00:32,179 --> 00:00:34,619 the capital of the Islamic state 12 00:00:34,619 --> 00:00:37,560 and the seat of the Rightly Guided Caliphate. 13 00:00:37,560 --> 00:00:40,600 Delegations journeyed to it from everywhere; 14 00:00:40,600 --> 00:00:43,399 its day was filled with vibrant activity, 15 00:00:43,399 --> 00:00:46,409 and its night with remembrance of Allah and serene peace. 16 00:00:46,409 --> 00:00:48,210 One evening, 17 00:00:48,210 --> 00:00:51,090 a caravan of merchants arrived in Medina, 18 00:00:51,090 --> 00:00:53,090 camping at the open prayer area. 19 00:00:53,090 --> 00:00:55,890 'Umar said to 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf, 20 00:00:55,890 --> 00:00:57,890 may Allah be pleased with them both: 21 00:00:57,890 --> 00:01:00,770 "Shall we guard them tonight?" 22 00:01:00,810 --> 00:01:02,740 He replied, "Yes." 23 00:01:02,740 --> 00:01:06,140 So they spent the night guarding them and praying. 24 00:01:06,140 --> 00:01:08,620 Then 'Umar heard the crying of an infant, 25 00:01:08,620 --> 00:01:10,420 so he headed toward the sound 26 00:01:10,420 --> 00:01:12,060 and said to the mother: 27 00:01:12,060 --> 00:01:13,939 "Fear Allah Almighty, 28 00:01:13,939 --> 00:01:16,370 and take good care of your child." 29 00:01:16,370 --> 00:01:18,769 Then he returned to his post. 30 00:01:18,769 --> 00:01:21,650 Soon he heard the child crying again, 31 00:01:21,650 --> 00:01:23,370 so he returned to the mother 32 00:01:23,370 --> 00:01:25,609 and said the same to her, 33 00:01:25,609 --> 00:01:28,109 then went back to his post. 34 00:01:28,109 --> 00:01:30,430 Toward the end of the night, 35 00:01:30,469 --> 00:01:32,510 he heard the infant crying once more. 36 00:01:32,510 --> 00:01:35,549 He came to the mother and said: 37 00:01:35,549 --> 00:01:38,390 "Woe to you! What an uncaring mother you are! 38 00:01:38,390 --> 00:01:42,859 Why has your child had no rest from crying all night?" 39 00:01:42,859 --> 00:01:43,939 She replied: 40 00:01:43,939 --> 00:01:45,579 "O servant of Allah, 41 00:01:45,579 --> 00:01:47,939 I am trying to distract him from nursing, 42 00:01:47,939 --> 00:01:49,810 but he refuses." 43 00:01:49,810 --> 00:01:51,530 He asked, "And why is that?" 44 00:01:51,530 --> 00:01:52,530 She said: 45 00:01:52,530 --> 00:01:56,120 "Because 'Umar only allocates a stipend to weaned children." 46 00:01:56,120 --> 00:01:57,120 He asked: 47 00:01:57,120 --> 00:01:59,519 "How old is this son of yours?" 48 00:02:00,439 --> 00:02:02,680 She said, "Such and such months old." 49 00:02:02,680 --> 00:02:03,680 He said: 50 00:02:03,680 --> 00:02:04,760 "Woe to you! 51 00:02:04,760 --> 00:02:07,390 Do not rush him into weaning." 52 00:02:07,390 --> 00:02:09,349 When he led the morning prayer, 53 00:02:09,349 --> 00:02:13,990 the people could barely hear his recitation because of his weeping. 54 00:02:13,990 --> 00:02:14,990 He said: 55 00:02:14,990 --> 00:02:16,789 "Woe to 'Umar! 56 00:02:16,789 --> 00:02:20,060 How many children of the Muslims has he destroyed!" 57 00:02:20,060 --> 00:02:22,780 Then he commanded his caller to announce: 58 00:02:22,780 --> 00:02:25,780 "Do not rush your infants into weaning, 59 00:02:25,819 --> 00:02:30,460 for we shall allocate a stipend for every child born in Islam." 60 00:02:30,460 --> 00:02:34,750 And he dispatched this decree across all provinces. 61 00:02:34,750 --> 00:02:38,830 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, assumed the caliphate 62 00:02:38,830 --> 00:02:41,110 and governed with the finest conduct, 63 00:02:41,110 --> 00:02:45,870 claiming nothing of its wealth for himself or his clan. 64 00:02:45,870 --> 00:02:47,750 He said to the people: 65 00:02:47,750 --> 00:02:50,629 "I regard my position regarding Allah's wealth 66 00:02:50,629 --> 00:02:53,310 as that of an orphan's guardian: 67 00:02:53,310 --> 00:02:55,629 if I am self-sufficient, I abstain; 68 00:02:55,669 --> 00:02:59,500 and if I am in need, I take only what is just and reasonable." 69 00:02:59,500 --> 00:03:03,419 The Caliph 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, 70 00:03:03,419 --> 00:03:07,860 despite shouldering the heavy burdens of the caliphate and governance, 71 00:03:07,860 --> 00:03:11,060 would personally look after the widows of Medina, 72 00:03:11,060 --> 00:03:13,500 drawing water for them by night 73 00:03:13,500 --> 00:03:16,139 and attending to their needs. 74 00:03:16,139 --> 00:03:17,740 On one occasion, 75 00:03:17,740 --> 00:03:21,379 Talhah saw him enter a woman's house at night. 76 00:03:21,379 --> 00:03:24,300 So Talhah entered upon her the next day, 77 00:03:24,300 --> 00:03:27,620 only to find an elderly, blind, and paralyzed woman. 78 00:03:27,620 --> 00:03:31,860 He asked her, "What does that man do here with you?" 79 00:03:31,860 --> 00:03:34,099 Not knowing his identity, she replied: 80 00:03:34,099 --> 00:03:38,500 "This man has been looking after me for such and such a time; 81 00:03:38,500 --> 00:03:43,379 he brings me what benefits me and removes harm and filth from me." 82 00:03:43,379 --> 00:03:46,419 Talhah said, reproaching himself: 83 00:03:46,419 --> 00:03:48,979 "May your mother be bereaved of you, O Talhah! 84 00:03:48,979 --> 00:03:52,289 Are you seeking out 'Umar's faults?" 85 00:03:52,330 --> 00:03:55,689 And on another unforgettable night in history, 86 00:03:55,689 --> 00:03:58,770 the Caliph 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, 87 00:03:58,770 --> 00:04:01,969 went out patrolling in the dead of night as was his habit, 88 00:04:01,969 --> 00:04:04,770 accompanied by his servant Aslam. 89 00:04:04,770 --> 00:04:08,449 From afar, they noticed a lit fire. 90 00:04:08,449 --> 00:04:09,889 'Umar said: 91 00:04:09,889 --> 00:04:11,250 "O Aslam, 92 00:04:11,250 --> 00:04:13,569 I see travelers over there 93 00:04:13,569 --> 00:04:15,969 who have been halted by the night and the cold. 94 00:04:15,969 --> 00:04:17,649 Let us go." 95 00:04:17,649 --> 00:04:18,970 Aslam said: 96 00:04:19,009 --> 00:04:22,689 "We set out jogging until we approached them, 97 00:04:22,689 --> 00:04:26,009 and found a woman with young children, 98 00:04:26,009 --> 00:04:28,410 a pot set over a fire, 99 00:04:28,410 --> 00:04:31,050 and children crying from hunger." 100 00:04:31,050 --> 00:04:32,449 'Umar said: 101 00:04:32,449 --> 00:04:35,569 "Peace be upon you, O people of the light!" 102 00:04:35,569 --> 00:04:40,029 —avoiding saying, "O people of the fire!" 103 00:04:40,029 --> 00:04:42,629 She replied, "And upon you be peace." 104 00:04:42,629 --> 00:04:45,149 He asked, "May I come closer?" 105 00:04:45,149 --> 00:04:48,990 She said, "Approach with good, or leave us be." 106 00:04:48,990 --> 00:04:50,709 He came near and asked: 107 00:04:50,709 --> 00:04:52,310 "What is the matter with you?" 108 00:04:52,310 --> 00:04:55,910 She said, "The night and the cold have halted us." 109 00:04:55,910 --> 00:05:00,589 He asked, "And why are these children crying?" 110 00:05:00,589 --> 00:05:03,209 She said, "Hunger." 111 00:05:03,209 --> 00:05:07,180 He asked, "And what is in this pot?" 112 00:05:07,180 --> 00:05:11,740 She said, "Water with which I quiet them until they fall asleep. 113 00:05:11,740 --> 00:05:14,899 Allah will judge between us and 'Umar!" 114 00:05:14,899 --> 00:05:17,660 He said, "May Allah have mercy on you! 115 00:05:17,699 --> 00:05:20,139 How could 'Umar know about your plight?" 116 00:05:20,139 --> 00:05:25,000 She said, "He assumes authority over us and then neglects us!" 117 00:05:25,000 --> 00:05:28,360 Aslam recounted: 'Umar turned to me 118 00:05:28,360 --> 00:05:30,959 and said, "Let us go!" 119 00:05:30,959 --> 00:05:35,120 We hurried until we reached the flour storehouse. 120 00:05:35,120 --> 00:05:38,920 He brought out a sack of flour and a vessel of fat, 121 00:05:38,920 --> 00:05:40,959 then said, "Load it onto me." 122 00:05:40,959 --> 00:05:44,230 I said, "I will carry it for you." 123 00:05:44,269 --> 00:05:45,389 He said: 124 00:05:45,389 --> 00:05:48,189 "Will you carry my burden on the Day of Resurrection? 125 00:05:48,189 --> 00:05:49,939 May you have no mother!" 126 00:05:49,939 --> 00:05:51,819 So I loaded it onto him, 127 00:05:51,819 --> 00:05:55,860 and he set off, with me jogging alongside him, back to her. 128 00:05:55,860 --> 00:05:57,980 He placed it down beside her, 129 00:05:57,980 --> 00:06:00,220 took out some of the flour, 130 00:06:00,220 --> 00:06:02,100 and began saying to her: 131 00:06:02,100 --> 00:06:05,620 "Sprinkle it for me while I stir it for you." 132 00:06:05,620 --> 00:06:09,420 He began blowing beneath the pot and stirring it. 133 00:06:09,420 --> 00:06:10,819 Aslam said: 134 00:06:10,860 --> 00:06:14,339 "I saw smoke coming out through his beard 135 00:06:14,339 --> 00:06:16,459 until he had cooked the meal for them." 136 00:06:16,459 --> 00:06:19,660 Then he said, "Bring me a dish." 137 00:06:19,660 --> 00:06:23,500 She brought a platter, and he poured it into it, 138 00:06:23,500 --> 00:06:25,620 then began saying to her: 139 00:06:25,620 --> 00:06:28,579 "Feed them while I spread it out for them," 140 00:06:28,579 --> 00:06:31,300 meaning he spread it to cool down. 141 00:06:31,300 --> 00:06:34,540 He continued until they ate their fill, 142 00:06:34,540 --> 00:06:37,420 leaving the remainder of the food with her. 143 00:06:37,420 --> 00:06:39,540 He stood up, and I stood up with him, 144 00:06:39,579 --> 00:06:41,180 while she began saying: 145 00:06:41,180 --> 00:06:43,500 "May Allah reward you with good! 146 00:06:43,500 --> 00:06:47,540 You are more worthy of this office than the Commander of the Believers, 'Umar!" 147 00:06:47,540 --> 00:06:50,379 He said, "Speak good words. 148 00:06:50,379 --> 00:06:52,500 When you come to the Commander of the Believers, 149 00:06:52,500 --> 00:06:55,879 you will find me there, if Allah wills." 150 00:06:55,879 --> 00:06:58,120 Then he moved a short distance away from her 151 00:06:58,120 --> 00:07:00,879 and sat watching her children. 152 00:07:00,879 --> 00:07:04,800 I said, "You have other matters to attend to," 153 00:07:04,800 --> 00:07:06,720 but he did not speak to me 154 00:07:06,720 --> 00:07:09,560 until I saw the children playfully wrestling, 155 00:07:09,600 --> 00:07:11,959 and then they fell peacefully asleep. 156 00:07:11,959 --> 00:07:13,279 He said: 157 00:07:13,279 --> 00:07:14,639 "O Aslam, 158 00:07:14,639 --> 00:07:17,759 hunger had kept them awake and made them weep, 159 00:07:17,759 --> 00:07:22,560 and I hated to leave before seeing them laughing. 160 00:07:22,560 --> 00:07:26,279 Now that they have laughed, my heart is at ease." 161 00:07:26,279 --> 00:07:29,160 That pastoral care of 'Umar's extended 162 00:07:29,160 --> 00:07:31,680 to encompass even animals. 163 00:07:31,680 --> 00:07:34,519 He, may Allah be pleased with him, used to say: 164 00:07:34,519 --> 00:07:37,000 "If a mule were to stumble in Iraq, 165 00:07:37,000 --> 00:07:40,360 I would fear that Allah would question me about it: 166 00:07:40,360 --> 00:07:44,910 'Why did you not pave the road for it, O 'Umar?'" 167 00:07:44,910 --> 00:07:47,029 On the other hand, 168 00:07:47,029 --> 00:07:50,709 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, was unyielding in the truth, 169 00:07:50,709 --> 00:07:54,980 devoted to spreading Islam across all of Allah's lands, 170 00:07:54,980 --> 00:07:57,819 shattering the power of Persia and Rome, 171 00:07:57,819 --> 00:08:01,259 the greatest empires of that era. 172 00:08:01,259 --> 00:08:03,819 He would always say: 173 00:08:03,819 --> 00:08:07,740 "We are a people whom Allah has honored with Islam, 174 00:08:07,740 --> 00:08:12,170 and whenever we seek honor through anything else, Allah will humiliate us." 175 00:08:12,170 --> 00:08:15,889 Thus, Allah humbled the might of Khosrow and Caesar before him, 176 00:08:15,889 --> 00:08:18,449 and their realms submitted to his rule. 177 00:08:18,449 --> 00:08:20,730 Al-Faruq, may Allah be pleased with him, succeeded 178 00:08:20,730 --> 00:08:23,410 during the ten years of his caliphate 179 00:08:23,410 --> 00:08:27,850 in establishing the most formidable state history had ever known. 180 00:08:27,850 --> 00:08:30,089 The Islamic state arose, 181 00:08:30,089 --> 00:08:34,529 stretching from the lands of Persia and the borders of China in the east 182 00:08:34,529 --> 00:08:37,570 to Egypt and North Africa in the west, 183 00:08:37,610 --> 00:08:40,090 and from the Caspian Sea in the north 184 00:08:40,090 --> 00:08:43,440 to Sudan and Yemen in the south. 185 00:08:43,440 --> 00:08:49,799 His caliphate witnessed unforgettable and monumental days in the history of Islam. 186 00:08:49,799 --> 00:08:51,240 Against the Persians, 187 00:08:51,240 --> 00:08:54,639 there were the battles of al-Qadisiyyah, al-Namaraq, 188 00:08:54,639 --> 00:08:56,720 the Bridge, and al-Buwayb, 189 00:08:56,720 --> 00:09:00,320 and the conquest of al-Mada'in, the Persian capital. 190 00:09:00,320 --> 00:09:01,720 Against the Byzantines, 191 00:09:01,720 --> 00:09:06,000 there were the battles of Yarmuk, Baysan, and Marj al-Rum, 192 00:09:06,039 --> 00:09:09,389 and the conquest of Damascus, Homs, and Baalbek. 193 00:09:09,389 --> 00:09:13,070 During his reign, the Muslims also conquered Jerusalem— 194 00:09:13,070 --> 00:09:15,269 that glorious conquest 195 00:09:15,269 --> 00:09:20,539 that will forever remain etched in the memory of the Muslims. 196 00:09:20,539 --> 00:09:23,620 Heraclius, the emperor of the Romans, was astounded 197 00:09:23,620 --> 00:09:26,820 by the successive Muslim conquests 198 00:09:26,820 --> 00:09:30,500 and the collapse of his armies and cities before them. 199 00:09:30,500 --> 00:09:33,899 So he gathered the commanders of his armies and said to them, 200 00:09:34,899 --> 00:09:39,220 "Tell me about these people who are fighting you. 201 00:09:39,220 --> 00:09:41,659 Are they not human beings like you?" 202 00:09:41,659 --> 00:09:43,299 They replied, "Yes, indeed." 203 00:09:43,299 --> 00:09:46,500 He asked, "So, are you greater in number, or are they?" 204 00:09:46,500 --> 00:09:50,019 They said, "Rather, we outnumber them many times over 205 00:09:50,019 --> 00:09:53,259 in every single field of battle." 206 00:09:53,259 --> 00:09:57,070 He said, "Then why on earth are you being defeated?" 207 00:09:57,070 --> 00:10:00,549 Thereupon, an old man among their prominent figures stood up and said, 208 00:10:00,629 --> 00:10:05,429 "Because they stand in prayer by night and fast by day, 209 00:10:05,429 --> 00:10:07,350 they fulfill their covenants, 210 00:10:07,350 --> 00:10:11,269 they enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong, 211 00:10:11,269 --> 00:10:15,710 and they exchange sincere advice and treat one another with justice. 212 00:10:15,710 --> 00:10:19,429 Whereas we drink wine, commit adultery, 213 00:10:19,429 --> 00:10:22,509 engage in the forbidden, breach our covenants, 214 00:10:22,509 --> 00:10:25,519 commit injustice, and encourage what incurs divine displeasure." 215 00:10:25,519 --> 00:10:30,049 Heraclius then said, "You have spoken the truth to me." 216 00:10:30,090 --> 00:10:33,409 Later, the Commander of the Faithful, 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), sent 217 00:10:33,409 --> 00:10:35,529 an army to fight the Persians, 218 00:10:35,529 --> 00:10:40,019 and placed Sariya Ibn Zanim (may Allah be pleased with him) in command over them. 219 00:10:40,019 --> 00:10:43,940 The Persians and the Kurds lay in wait for them with a massive force, 220 00:10:43,940 --> 00:10:46,419 surrounding the Muslim army 221 00:10:46,419 --> 00:10:49,940 until they were on the verge of total destruction. 222 00:10:49,940 --> 00:10:52,100 While they were in that dire state, 223 00:10:52,100 --> 00:10:54,659 and while 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was in Medina, 224 00:10:54,659 --> 00:10:57,340 delivering the Friday sermon to the people on the pulpit, 225 00:10:57,340 --> 00:10:59,059 'Umar suddenly shouted out, 226 00:10:59,100 --> 00:11:00,340 "O Sariya, 227 00:11:00,340 --> 00:11:02,100 the mountain, the mountain!" 228 00:11:02,100 --> 00:11:03,379 "O Sariya, 229 00:11:03,379 --> 00:11:05,100 the mountain, the mountain!" 230 00:11:05,100 --> 00:11:06,340 "O Sariya, 231 00:11:06,340 --> 00:11:08,610 the mountain, the mountain!" 232 00:11:08,610 --> 00:11:10,649 The army heard 'Umar's shout 233 00:11:10,649 --> 00:11:13,289 from thousands of miles away, 234 00:11:13,289 --> 00:11:16,529 so they retreated toward a nearby mountain, 235 00:11:16,529 --> 00:11:20,250 positioning themselves to face the enemy from a single direction. 236 00:11:20,250 --> 00:11:22,049 Thus Allah granted them victory, 237 00:11:22,049 --> 00:11:25,639 and they captured vast amounts of spoils from the enemy. 238 00:11:25,639 --> 00:11:27,799 Among the captured spoils was 239 00:11:27,799 --> 00:11:29,840 a casket filled with precious jewels. 240 00:11:29,840 --> 00:11:33,480 Sariya (may Allah be pleased with him) asked the permission of the Muslims 241 00:11:33,480 --> 00:11:37,120 to single out this casket as a gift for the Commander of the Faithful, 'Umar. 242 00:11:37,120 --> 00:11:38,929 They granted him permission, 243 00:11:38,929 --> 00:11:41,169 so he dispatched a messenger to Medina, 244 00:11:41,169 --> 00:11:43,210 carrying the fifth of the spoils 245 00:11:43,210 --> 00:11:45,149 along with the casket. 246 00:11:45,149 --> 00:11:47,870 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) took the fifth 247 00:11:47,870 --> 00:11:50,870 and handed it over to the public treasury of the Muslims, 248 00:11:50,870 --> 00:11:53,789 but he refused to accept the casket of jewels, 249 00:11:53,789 --> 00:11:57,450 returning it instead to the Muslim fighters. 250 00:11:57,490 --> 00:12:01,610 The people of Medina asked Sariya's messenger about the victory, 251 00:12:01,610 --> 00:12:03,049 and he informed them. 252 00:12:03,049 --> 00:12:04,330 Then they asked him, 253 00:12:04,330 --> 00:12:07,210 "Did you hear a voice on the day of the battle?" 254 00:12:07,210 --> 00:12:08,610 He replied, "Yes, 255 00:12:08,610 --> 00:12:10,850 we heard a caller saying, 256 00:12:10,850 --> 00:12:12,129 'O Sariya, 257 00:12:12,129 --> 00:12:13,889 the mountain, the mountain!' 258 00:12:13,889 --> 00:12:15,889 We were on the brink of perishing, 259 00:12:15,889 --> 00:12:17,730 so we took refuge by the mountain, 260 00:12:17,730 --> 00:12:20,340 and Allah granted us victory." 261 00:12:20,340 --> 00:12:23,620 When the Muslim delegation arrived in Medina, 262 00:12:23,620 --> 00:12:26,100 bringing the Hurmuzan with them as a captive— 263 00:12:26,139 --> 00:12:29,259 who was one of the military commanders of Chosroes— 264 00:12:29,259 --> 00:12:30,820 they entered upon 'Umar, 265 00:12:30,820 --> 00:12:32,620 who was sleeping in the mosque, 266 00:12:32,620 --> 00:12:34,940 using his hooded cloak as a pillow. 267 00:12:34,940 --> 00:12:37,179 The Hurmuzan kept asking, 268 00:12:37,179 --> 00:12:38,620 "Where is 'Umar?" 269 00:12:38,620 --> 00:12:39,620 They said, 270 00:12:39,620 --> 00:12:40,700 "There he is," 271 00:12:40,700 --> 00:12:43,980 lowering their voices so as not to awaken him. 272 00:12:43,980 --> 00:12:46,340 The Hurmuzan kept asking, 273 00:12:46,340 --> 00:12:47,860 "Where are his doorkeepers? 274 00:12:47,860 --> 00:12:49,460 And where are his guards?" 275 00:12:49,460 --> 00:12:50,580 They replied, 276 00:12:50,580 --> 00:12:53,779 "He has no doorkeepers and no guards." 277 00:12:53,779 --> 00:12:56,299 The Hurmuzan was utterly astonished. 278 00:12:56,299 --> 00:12:58,820 Hafiz Ibrahim depicted for us 279 00:12:58,820 --> 00:13:02,100 this scene in his famous poem *Al-'Umariyyah*, 280 00:13:02,100 --> 00:13:03,830 saying: 281 00:13:03,830 --> 00:13:07,429 "And it astonished the envoy of Chosroes to see 'Umar 282 00:13:07,429 --> 00:13:11,110 among his subjects, unadorned, though he was their ruler. 283 00:13:11,110 --> 00:13:14,549 For he knew the kings of Persia to be enclosed 284 00:13:14,549 --> 00:13:18,779 behind a wall of soldiers and guards protecting them. 285 00:13:18,779 --> 00:13:22,259 He saw him immersed in deep sleep, and perceived 286 00:13:22,299 --> 00:13:26,220 in him grandeur in its loftiest forms: 287 00:13:26,220 --> 00:13:29,700 Upon the bare soil, beneath the shade of the trees, wrapped 288 00:13:29,700 --> 00:13:33,820 in a cloak worn thin by the passage of time. 289 00:13:33,820 --> 00:13:37,220 Thus, all he had once magnified crumbled in his eyes— 290 00:13:37,220 --> 00:13:40,700 of the Chosroes and the worldly power in their hands. 291 00:13:40,700 --> 00:13:44,299 And he uttered a word of truth that became a proverb, 292 00:13:44,299 --> 00:13:48,059 which generation after generation continues to relate: 293 00:13:48,059 --> 00:13:51,779 'You felt safe when you established justice among them, 294 00:13:51,779 --> 00:13:58,090 and so you slept the tranquil sleep of a peaceful mind.'" 295 00:13:58,090 --> 00:14:01,889 How did the Commander of the Faithful, 'Umar Ibn al-Khattab, manage the administration 296 00:14:01,889 --> 00:14:06,690 of this vast, expansive empire? 297 00:14:06,690 --> 00:14:10,169 And how did his life come to an end (may Allah be pleased with him)? 298 00:14:10,169 --> 00:14:14,570 This will be the focus of our discussion in the next gathering, Allah willing. 299 00:14:25,620 --> 00:14:32,779 In the Eternal Paradise, texts preserve their elevated rank; 300 00:14:32,779 --> 00:14:39,340 they are Talhah, Ibn 'Awf, and al-Zubayr, 301 00:14:39,340 --> 00:14:49,059 along with Abu 'Ubaydah, the two Sa'ds, and the Caliphs.