WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:07.139 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:07.139 --> 00:00:09.199 With pens of longing, 00:00:09.199 --> 00:00:11.740 And the ink of love, 00:00:11.740 --> 00:00:15.869 We inscribe words more precious than gold, 00:00:15.869 --> 00:00:17.870 In describing the master of all creation, 00:00:17.870 --> 00:00:22.670 Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:22.670 --> 00:00:30.600 The Prophetic Characteristics (Shama'il). 00:00:30.600 --> 00:00:39.359 Chapter: What has been narrated regarding the manner of the Messenger of Allah’s (peace be upon him) ablution before eating. 00:00:39.359 --> 00:00:41.359 The author intends by this chapter, 00:00:41.359 --> 00:00:43.359 The linguistic definition of ablution (wudu'), 00:00:43.359 --> 00:00:46.359 Which is the washing and cleaning of the hands, 00:00:46.359 --> 00:00:51.359 From any dirt, dust, or similar substances that may cling to them. 00:00:51.359 --> 00:00:56.359 Some scholars hold the view that it is recommended both before and after eating. 00:00:56.359 --> 00:01:00.609 On the authority of Ibn ‘Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), 00:01:00.609 --> 00:01:03.609 That the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:01:03.609 --> 00:01:05.609 Came out from the lavatory, 00:01:05.609 --> 00:01:07.609 And food was brought to him. 00:01:07.609 --> 00:01:08.609 They said, 00:01:08.609 --> 00:01:10.609 "Shall we bring you water for ablution?" 00:01:10.609 --> 00:01:12.609 He said, 00:01:12.609 --> 00:01:16.609 "I have only been commanded to perform ablution when I rise for prayer." 00:01:16.609 --> 00:01:18.609 In another narration, 00:01:18.609 --> 00:01:19.609 It was said to him, 00:01:19.609 --> 00:01:21.609 "Will you not perform ablution?" 00:01:21.609 --> 00:01:22.609 He said, 00:01:22.609 --> 00:01:24.609 "Am I about to pray, that I should perform ablution?" 00:01:24.609 --> 00:01:28.400 This hadith indicates, 00:01:28.400 --> 00:01:31.400 That the Prophet (peace be upon him) 00:01:31.400 --> 00:01:33.400 Relieved himself one day, 00:01:33.400 --> 00:01:35.400 Then food was brought to him, 00:01:35.400 --> 00:01:37.400 And they said to him, 00:01:37.400 --> 00:01:39.400 "Shall we bring you water for ablution?" 00:01:39.400 --> 00:01:42.400 By 'ablution' here, they meant the water used for washing. 00:01:42.400 --> 00:01:45.400 He (peace be upon him) said, 00:01:45.400 --> 00:01:49.400 "I have only been commanded to perform ablution when I rise for prayer." 00:01:49.400 --> 00:01:52.400 And in a narration, he said, 00:01:52.400 --> 00:01:54.400 "Am I about to pray, that I should perform ablution?" 00:01:54.400 --> 00:01:57.400 Meaning that the ritual ablution (wudu') 00:01:57.400 --> 00:02:01.400 Is not required when one intends to eat, 00:02:01.400 --> 00:02:03.400 But rather it is for prayer. 00:02:03.400 --> 00:02:09.060 On the authority of Salman (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: 00:02:09.060 --> 00:02:11.060 "I read in the Torah, 00:02:11.060 --> 00:02:14.060 That the blessing of food is the ablution after it." 00:02:14.060 --> 00:02:18.060 So I mentioned this to the Prophet (peace be upon him), 00:02:18.060 --> 00:02:21.060 And informed him of what I had read in the Torah. 00:02:21.060 --> 00:02:25.060 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, 00:02:25.060 --> 00:02:27.060 "The blessing of food 00:02:27.060 --> 00:02:29.060 Is the ablution before it, 00:02:29.060 --> 00:02:32.729 And the ablution after it." 00:02:32.729 --> 00:02:34.729 This hadith indicates, 00:02:34.729 --> 00:02:36.729 That Salman al-Farisi (may Allah be pleased with him) 00:02:36.729 --> 00:02:38.729 Had read in the Torah, 00:02:38.729 --> 00:02:40.729 And this was before he embraced Islam, 00:02:40.729 --> 00:02:43.729 That the blessing of food is the ablution after it. 00:02:43.729 --> 00:02:46.729 Meaning that among the causes of blessing in food, 00:02:46.729 --> 00:02:50.729 Is that a person washes their hands after finishing it. 00:02:50.729 --> 00:02:53.729 It does not mean the ritual ablution. 00:02:53.729 --> 00:02:56.729 So when he informed the Prophet (peace be upon him) 00:02:56.729 --> 00:02:58.729 Of what he had read in the Torah, 00:02:58.729 --> 00:03:01.729 He (peace be upon him) said to him, 00:03:01.729 --> 00:03:03.729 "The blessing of food 00:03:03.729 --> 00:03:05.729 Is the ablution before it, 00:03:05.729 --> 00:03:07.729 And the ablution after it." 00:03:07.729 --> 00:03:10.729 Meaning that among the causes of blessing in food, 00:03:10.729 --> 00:03:14.729 Is that a person washes their hands before and after eating. 00:03:14.729 --> 00:03:17.729 Scholars have interpreted this hadith as referring to recommendation (istihbab), 00:03:17.729 --> 00:03:24.310 Even though the hadith is weak. 00:03:24.310 --> 00:03:28.310 Chapter: What has been narrated regarding the words of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:03:28.310 --> 00:03:31.879 Before eating. 00:03:31.879 --> 00:03:35.879 On the authority of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: 00:03:35.879 --> 00:03:40.939 "We were with the Prophet (peace be upon him) one day, 00:03:40.939 --> 00:03:42.939 And food was brought to him. 00:03:42.939 --> 00:03:46.939 I never saw food that had more blessing than that, 00:03:46.939 --> 00:03:48.939 At the beginning when we ate, 00:03:48.939 --> 00:03:51.939 Nor less blessing at the end." 00:03:51.939 --> 00:03:55.939 We said, "O Messenger of Allah, how is this?" 00:03:55.939 --> 00:04:00.939 He said, "We mentioned the name of Allah when we began to eat, 00:04:00.939 --> 00:04:05.939 Then someone sat down after us who had eaten without mentioning the name of Allah, 00:04:05.939 --> 00:04:10.669 So the devil ate with him." 00:04:10.669 --> 00:04:14.669 This hadith shows that the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) 00:04:14.669 --> 00:04:18.670 Sat with the Prophet (peace be upon him) for a meal, 00:04:18.670 --> 00:04:21.670 And they found blessing in it at the beginning, 00:04:21.670 --> 00:04:23.670 Then they lost it at the end. 00:04:23.670 --> 00:04:28.670 They asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) about that, 00:04:28.670 --> 00:04:33.670 And he said that they had mentioned the name of Allah when they began to eat, 00:04:33.670 --> 00:04:38.670 Then someone sat with them afterward who ate without mentioning the name of Allah, 00:04:38.670 --> 00:04:40.670 So the devil ate with him, 00:04:40.670 --> 00:04:43.670 And the blessing vanished at that moment. 00:04:43.670 --> 00:04:45.769 This is a weak hadith, 00:04:45.769 --> 00:04:50.769 And it is rendered unnecessary by the hadith of Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) in Sahih Muslim, 00:04:50.769 --> 00:04:56.769 Where he said: "When we were present with the Prophet (peace be upon him) at a meal, 00:04:56.769 --> 00:05:03.769 We would not place our hands until the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) began and placed his hand. 00:05:03.769 --> 00:05:07.829 Once, we were present with him at a meal, 00:05:07.829 --> 00:05:10.829 And a slave girl came as if she were being pushed, 00:05:10.829 --> 00:05:13.829 She went to place her hand in the food, 00:05:13.829 --> 00:05:18.829 But the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) took her hand. 00:05:18.829 --> 00:05:22.829 Then a Bedouin came as if he were being pushed, 00:05:22.829 --> 00:05:24.860 And he took his hand. 00:05:24.860 --> 00:05:27.860 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, 00:05:27.860 --> 00:05:33.860 'The devil considers food lawful if the name of Allah is not mentioned over it. 00:05:33.860 --> 00:05:37.860 He brought this girl to make it lawful through her, 00:05:37.860 --> 00:05:39.860 So I took her hand. 00:05:39.860 --> 00:05:43.860 Then he brought this Bedouin to make it lawful through him, 00:05:43.860 --> 00:05:45.860 So I took his hand. 00:05:45.860 --> 00:05:47.860 By Him in whose hand is my soul, 00:05:47.860 --> 00:05:50.860 His hand is in my hand along with her hand.'" 00:05:50.860 --> 00:05:56.589 On the authority of ‘A’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), she said: 00:05:56.589 --> 00:05:59.589 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, 00:05:59.589 --> 00:06:05.589 "If one of you eats and forgets to mention the name of Allah over his food, 00:06:05.589 --> 00:06:10.589 Let him say: 'In the name of Allah at its beginning and its end.'" 00:06:10.589 --> 00:06:13.709 This hadith indicates, 00:06:13.709 --> 00:06:18.709 That if someone eats food and experiences heedlessness or forgetfulness at the beginning, 00:06:18.709 --> 00:06:21.709 And does not mention the name of Allah, 00:06:21.709 --> 00:06:26.709 Then remembers during the meal that they forgot to say the Basmalah at the start, 00:06:26.709 --> 00:06:29.709 They should, in this situation, say: 00:06:29.709 --> 00:06:32.709 "In the name of Allah at its beginning and its end." 00:06:32.709 --> 00:06:38.709 If they say that, the blessing is realized for them, by the permission of Allah. 00:06:38.709 --> 00:06:42.709 This is from the grace and mercy of Allah. 00:06:42.709 --> 00:06:46.709 Mentioning the name of Allah (Tasmiyah) when eating is obligatory, according to the most correct opinion. 00:06:46.709 --> 00:06:51.379 On the authority of ‘Umar Ibn Abi Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:06:51.379 --> 00:06:55.379 That he entered upon the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 00:06:55.379 --> 00:06:57.379 And there was food before him. 00:06:57.379 --> 00:06:59.379 He said... 00:07:06.379 --> 00:07:10.069 This hadith indicates, 00:07:10.069 --> 00:07:13.069 That ‘Umar Ibn Abi Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him) 00:07:13.069 --> 00:07:16.069 Entered upon the Prophet (peace be upon him), 00:07:16.069 --> 00:07:19.069 And found him eating food. 00:07:19.069 --> 00:07:23.069 The Prophet (peace be upon him) invited him, saying, 00:07:23.069 --> 00:07:25.069 "Come close, my son," 00:07:25.069 --> 00:07:27.069 Meaning, draw near. 00:07:27.069 --> 00:07:31.069 It contains evidence of the Prophet’s (peace be upon him) 00:07:31.069 --> 00:07:34.069 Gentleness and kindness toward children. 00:07:34.069 --> 00:07:40.069 It also indicates that it is permissible for a person to address those who are not their own children with this term, 00:07:40.069 --> 00:07:42.069 Saying to a young child, 00:07:42.069 --> 00:07:44.170 "My son." 00:07:44.170 --> 00:07:48.170 Then the Prophet taught him three etiquettes of eating: 00:07:48.170 --> 00:07:51.170 Mentioning the name of Allah at the beginning, 00:07:51.170 --> 00:07:53.170 Eating with the right hand, 00:07:53.170 --> 00:07:55.170 And eating from what is directly in front of one. 00:07:55.170 --> 00:08:00.829 On the authority of Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: 00:08:00.829 --> 00:08:03.829 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 00:08:03.829 --> 00:08:07.829 When the table was cleared from before him, would say: 00:08:07.829 --> 00:08:12.829 "Praise be to Allah, a praise that is abundant, pure, and blessed, 00:08:12.829 --> 00:08:17.829 Neither being abandoned, nor can we do without it, our Lord." 00:08:17.829 --> 00:08:21.110 This hadith indicates, 00:08:21.110 --> 00:08:26.110 That when the Prophet (peace be upon him) finished eating, 00:08:26.110 --> 00:08:29.110 And the table was cleared from before him, 00:08:29.110 --> 00:08:32.110 He would praise Allah, saying: 00:08:32.110 --> 00:08:37.110 "Praise be to Allah, a praise that is abundant, pure, and blessed." 00:08:37.110 --> 00:08:41.110 'Abundant' means a praise that is at the utmost level of abundance, 00:08:41.110 --> 00:08:46.110 For there is no end to His praise, just as there is no end to His blessings. 00:08:46.110 --> 00:08:51.110 'Pure' means sincere, free from showing off or seeking reputation. 00:08:51.110 --> 00:08:53.110 'Blessed' 00:08:53.110 --> 00:08:58.110 Means the permanence, increase, and growth of the goodness within it. 00:08:58.110 --> 00:09:02.110 His saying "neither being abandoned" means not forsaken, 00:09:02.110 --> 00:09:05.110 So that it may not be the last of our food. 00:09:05.110 --> 00:09:08.110 And his saying "nor can we do without it, our Lord," 00:09:08.110 --> 00:09:14.269 Means we are in need of You, our Lord, and cannot do without You. 00:09:14.269 --> 00:09:18.269 It is narrated in the Musnad on the authority of Khalid Ibn Ma‘dan, who said: 00:09:18.269 --> 00:09:21.269 "We attended a feast for ‘Abd al-A‘la Ibn Hilal, 00:09:21.269 --> 00:09:24.269 And when we finished the food, 00:09:24.269 --> 00:09:27.269 Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up and said: 00:09:27.269 --> 00:09:32.269 'I have stood in this place, and I am not a preacher, 00:09:32.269 --> 00:09:34.269 Nor do I intend to give a sermon, 00:09:34.269 --> 00:09:38.269 But I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:09:38.269 --> 00:09:41.269 Say upon the completion of food: 00:09:41.269 --> 00:09:45.269 Praise be to Allah, abundant, pure, and blessed, 00:09:45.269 --> 00:09:50.269 Neither being sufficient, nor abandoned, nor can we do without it.' 00:09:50.269 --> 00:09:56.269 He said: He kept repeating them to us until we memorized them." 00:09:56.269 --> 00:10:01.519 On the authority of ‘A’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), she said: 00:10:01.519 --> 00:10:07.519 The Prophet (peace be upon him) was eating food with six of his Companions, 00:10:07.519 --> 00:10:11.519 When a Bedouin came and ate it in two mouthfuls. 00:10:11.519 --> 00:10:15.519 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, 00:10:15.519 --> 00:10:18.519 "Had he mentioned the name of Allah, it would have sufficed you all." 00:10:20.799 --> 00:10:25.799 This hadith indicates that the Prophet (peace be upon him) was eating food, 00:10:25.799 --> 00:10:29.799 And six of his Companions were eating with him. 00:10:29.799 --> 00:10:33.799 A Bedouin came and sat with them at the food, 00:10:33.799 --> 00:10:36.799 And he ate it in two mouthfuls. 00:10:36.799 --> 00:10:41.799 Meaning he did not mention the name of Allah, so he finished the food in two bites. 00:10:41.799 --> 00:10:44.799 He (peace be upon him) said, 00:10:44.799 --> 00:10:47.799 "Had he mentioned the name of Allah..." and in another narration: 00:10:47.799 --> 00:10:51.799 "Had he said 'In the name of Allah,' it would have sufficed you." 00:10:51.799 --> 00:10:54.830 Meaning, the food would have been sufficient for you. 00:10:54.830 --> 00:11:00.830 This hadith shows that mentioning the name of Allah is a cause for obtaining blessing in food, 00:11:00.830 --> 00:11:04.830 And that not mentioning it is a cause for the removal of blessing. 00:11:04.830 --> 00:11:08.830 It also shows the coarseness of the Bedouins and their ignorance of the rulings, 00:11:08.830 --> 00:11:14.830 And that the mention of the name of Allah by some at the meal does not suffice for the others. 00:11:14.830 --> 00:11:20.049 On the authority of Anas Ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: 00:11:20.049 --> 00:11:24.049 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, 00:11:24.049 --> 00:11:30.049 "Indeed, Allah is pleased with the servant who eats a meal and praises Him for it, 00:11:30.049 --> 00:11:35.299 Or drinks a drink and praises Him for it." 00:11:35.299 --> 00:11:37.299 This hadith, 00:11:37.299 --> 00:11:44.299 Guides us to an action through which Allah is pleased with us, 00:11:44.299 --> 00:11:52.299 Which is that when a person eats a meal—that is, a single instance of eating, like lunch or dinner— 00:11:52.299 --> 00:11:58.299 They should praise Allah after finishing the food. 00:11:58.299 --> 00:12:03.389 If they do that, they attain the pleasure of Allah. 00:12:03.389 --> 00:12:07.389 There are various formulas for praising Allah (Tahmid) that have been narrated, 00:12:07.389 --> 00:12:11.389 And a servant should learn them and vary them, 00:12:11.389 --> 00:12:15.389 He would perform it in one way at times, and in another way at other times. 00:12:15.389 --> 00:12:21.389 Even if he had limited himself to saying "al-hamdulillah," the fundamental Sunnah would have been fulfilled. 00:12:21.389 --> 00:12:26.059 There is more to this hadith, if Allah wills. 00:12:26.059 --> 00:12:31.059 And Allah knows best, and may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon our Prophet Muhammad. 00:12:31.059 --> 00:12:35.059 And upon all of his family and his Companions.