WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.039 The Abridgment of the Tafsir of al-Tabari, 00:00:08.580 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:14.220 --> 00:00:16.500 Surah al-Mu'minun. 00:00:18.300 --> 00:00:22.059 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:22.579 --> 00:00:32.259 “Though We had mercy on them and relieved them of the harm afflicting them, they still would wander blindly on in their contumacy.” (23:75) 00:00:33.640 --> 00:00:37.719 "Even if We showed mercy to these people who do not believe in the Hereafter, 00:00:38.079 --> 00:00:42.600 and relieved them of the drought, barrenness, and affliction of hunger they suffer, 00:00:42.880 --> 00:00:47.719 they would persist blindly in their transgression and defiance against their Lord, wandering aimlessly." 00:00:48.700 --> 00:00:57.299 “Already have We grasped them with punishment, but they humble not themselves unto their Lord, nor do they pray,” (23:76) 00:00:58.460 --> 00:01:02.100 We have indeed seized these polytheists with Our punishment, 00:01:02.420 --> 00:01:09.420 restricted their livelihoods, made their lands barren, and slain their notables by the sword, 00:01:09.980 --> 00:01:16.099 yet they neither submitted to their Lord by complying with His commands and prohibitions, nor humbled themselves before Him. 00:01:17.219 --> 00:01:32.219 “Until, when We open for them the gate of extreme punishment, behold! they are aghast thereat.” (23:77) 00:01:33.790 --> 00:01:37.590 Until, when We opened upon them the gate of famine and misery, 00:01:38.109 --> 00:01:45.189 these polytheists were suddenly filled with sorrow and remorse over their past rejection of Allah's verses. 00:01:46.319 --> 00:01:55.799 "And it is He who produced for you hearing, sight, and hearts; little are you grateful." 00:01:57.219 --> 00:02:03.859 Allah is the One who created for you the hearing with which you hear, the sight with which you see, 00:02:04.260 --> 00:02:06.819 and the hearts with which you comprehend; 00:02:07.420 --> 00:02:11.819 how, then, could it be impossible for the One who originated all of that to restore it? 00:02:12.539 --> 00:02:19.780 Little do you give thanks, O deniers of Allah's revelation, for His granting you hearing, sight, and hearts. 00:02:21.110 --> 00:02:26.509 “And He it is Who hath sown you broadcast in the earth, and unto Him ye will be gathered.” (23:79) 00:02:28.150 --> 00:02:33.789 Allah is the One who scattered you across the earth, and to Him you will be gathered after your death, 00:02:34.469 --> 00:02:38.349 and then resurrected from your graves to the gathering place of reckoning. 00:02:39.659 --> 00:02:48.939 “And He it is Who giveth life and causeth death, and His is the difference of night and day. Have ye then no sense?” (23:80) 00:02:50.150 --> 00:02:54.870 Allah is the One who gives life to His creation after they were lifeless drops of fluid, 00:02:55.430 --> 00:02:57.830 and causes them to die after having given them life. 00:02:58.699 --> 00:03:02.060 And it is He who made the night and the day alternate. 00:03:02.740 --> 00:03:04.900 Will you not then reason, O people, 00:03:05.419 --> 00:03:09.300 that the One who performed these acts initially from nothing 00:03:09.860 --> 00:03:13.900 cannot be incapable of reviving the dead after their demise? 00:03:15.349 --> 00:03:19.389 “Nay, but they say the like of that which said the men of old;” (23:81) 00:03:19.909 --> 00:03:28.430 "They said: 'When we die and become dust and bones, will we truly be resurrected?'" 00:03:29.849 --> 00:03:33.169 These polytheists took no heed of the signs of Allah, 00:03:33.810 --> 00:03:37.009 but rather repeated what their predecessors had said. 00:03:37.689 --> 00:03:40.729 They said, "When we die and our bones turn to dust, 00:03:41.210 --> 00:03:46.610 will we really be brought forth alive from our graves in the same form we had before death? 00:03:47.210 --> 00:03:50.009 Surely, this is something that can never happen! 00:03:51.909 --> 00:03:57.789 “We were already promised this, we and our forefathers. Lo! this is naught but fables of the men of old.” (23:83) 00:03:57.789 --> 00:04:02.349 This is nothing but the legends of the ancients." 00:04:03.750 --> 00:04:08.110 They said, "We have been promised this very promise that you make to us, O Muhammad, 00:04:08.629 --> 00:04:14.629 and our forefathers before us were promised it by people who claimed they were messengers of Allah before you, 00:04:15.189 --> 00:04:16.829 yet we have never seen it to be true. 00:04:17.550 --> 00:04:20.870 This resurrection after death that you promise us 00:04:21.350 --> 00:04:26.149 is nothing but what the ancients penned in their books of tales and reports, 00:04:26.589 --> 00:04:29.389 which have no truth or reality to them." 00:04:30.990 --> 00:04:37.870 “Say: Unto Whom (belongeth) the earth and whosoever is therein, if ye have knowledge?” (23:84) 00:04:38.310 --> 00:04:44.670 “They will say: Unto Allah. Say: Will ye not then remember?” (23:85) 00:04:46.079 --> 00:04:49.600 Say, O Muhammad, to these deniers of the Hereafter: 00:04:50.240 --> 00:04:53.279 "To whom belongs the earth and whomever of creation is in it, 00:04:53.680 --> 00:04:56.319 if you truly know who owns it?" 00:04:56.959 --> 00:05:01.279 Then He informed him that they would admit it belongs to Allah in sole ownership; 00:05:01.920 --> 00:05:04.839 so say to them: "Will you not then remember, 00:05:05.360 --> 00:05:09.240 and know that the One who had the power to create that initially 00:05:09.399 --> 00:05:13.000 is equally able to revive them after their death?" 00:05:14.560 --> 00:05:20.720 “Say: Who is Lord of the seven heavens, and Lord of the Tremendous Throne?” (23:86) 00:05:21.160 --> 00:05:26.639 “They will say: Unto Allah (all that belongeth). Say: Will ye not then keep duty (unto Him)?” (23:87) 00:05:28.019 --> 00:05:34.699 Say to them, O Muhammad: "Who is the Lord of the seven heavens and the Lord of the Throne that encompasses all of that?" 00:05:35.420 --> 00:05:39.779 They will say: "All of that belongs to Allah." Say to them: 00:05:40.459 --> 00:05:46.740 "Will you not then fear His punishment for your disbelief in Him and your denial of His word and His Messenger's word?" 00:05:48.060 --> 00:05:52.339 “Say: In Whose hand is the dominion over all things and He protecteth, while against Him there is no protection, if ye have knowledge?” (23:88) 00:05:52.579 --> 00:05:56.060 “Say: In Whose hand is the dominion over all things and He protecteth, while against Him there is no protection, if ye have knowledge?” (23:88) 00:05:56.459 --> 00:06:03.060 “Say: In Whose hand is the dominion over all things and He protecteth, while against Him there is no protection, if ye have knowledge?” (23:88) 00:06:03.459 --> 00:06:10.300 "They will say: 'To Allah.' Say: 'Then how are you so deluded?'" 00:06:12.129 --> 00:06:16.329 Say, O Muhammad: "In whose hand is the realm of all things, 00:06:16.850 --> 00:06:20.329 and who protects whomever He wills from anyone intending harm against them, 00:06:20.970 --> 00:06:24.490 while no one can protect against anyone whom He intends harm toward, 00:06:25.009 --> 00:06:27.529 to avert His torment and punishment from him— 00:06:28.050 --> 00:06:31.009 if you truly know the One described by these attributes?" 00:06:31.769 --> 00:06:34.490 They will say that the dominion over all things 00:06:35.009 --> 00:06:38.009 and the power over all things belong solely to Allah. 00:06:38.759 --> 00:06:40.319 So say to them, O Muhammad: 00:06:41.000 --> 00:06:44.959 "From what perspective, then, does falsehood appear to you as truth, 00:06:45.399 --> 00:06:47.000 and corruption as sound, 00:06:47.560 --> 00:06:54.839 such that you are turned away from affirming the truth to which Our Messenger, Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), calls you?" 00:06:56.600 --> 00:07:02.959 “Nay, but We have brought them the Truth, and lo! they are liars.” (23:90) 00:07:03.399 --> 00:07:09.920 “Allah hath not chosen any son, nor is there any god along with Him; else would each god have assuredly championed that which he created, and some of them would assuredly have overcome others. Glorified be Allah above all that they allege.” (23:91) 00:07:10.360 --> 00:07:17.560 “Allah hath not chosen any son, nor is there any god along with Him; else would each god have assuredly championed that which he created, and some of them would assuredly have overcome others. Glorified be Allah above all that they allege.” (23:91) 00:07:18.120 --> 00:07:22.160 "Exalted is Allah above what they describe." 00:07:22.639 --> 00:07:30.160 “Knower of the Invisible and the Visible! and Exalted be He over all that they ascribe as partners (unto Him)!” (23:92) 00:07:31.990 --> 00:07:35.389 The reality is not as these polytheists claim regarding Allah, 00:07:35.990 --> 00:07:38.350 asserting that the angels are the daughters of Allah, 00:07:38.910 --> 00:07:42.269 and that false gods and idols are deities besides Allah. 00:07:43.029 --> 00:07:46.149 Rather, We have brought them the certain truth, which is Islam, 00:07:46.870 --> 00:07:50.829 and the polytheists are indeed liars in what they ascribe to Allah 00:07:51.189 --> 00:07:53.670 and falsely attribute to Him of having children and partners. 00:07:54.389 --> 00:07:55.870 Allah has taken no son, 00:07:56.389 --> 00:08:00.029 nor has there ever been with Him from eternity anyone worthy of worship. 00:08:00.750 --> 00:08:05.949 Had there been with Him from eternity or at His creation of things anyone worthy of worship, 00:08:06.470 --> 00:08:10.829 each deity would have departed with what it created, ruling it alone, 00:08:11.350 --> 00:08:15.029 and they would have vied for supremacy, with some overcoming others, 00:08:15.670 --> 00:08:18.029 and the stronger among them subduing the weaker. 00:08:18.910 --> 00:08:24.430 Exalted is Allah and far above what these polytheists attribute to Him. 00:08:25.189 --> 00:08:28.269 He is the Knower of all things unseen by His creation; 00:08:28.949 --> 00:08:32.870 exalted and high is Allah above the polytheism of these idolaters 00:08:33.509 --> 00:08:36.070 and their description of Him with what they fabricate. 00:08:46.419 --> 00:08:53.379 Say, O Muhammad: "My Lord, if You should show me the punishment You have promised these polytheists, 00:08:53.860 --> 00:08:57.340 then do not destroy me with that by which You destroy them, 00:08:57.899 --> 00:09:00.220 and deliver me from Your punishment and wrath; 00:09:00.700 --> 00:09:03.340 do not place me among the polytheistic people, 00:09:03.899 --> 00:09:07.820 but include me among the righteous allies with whom You are pleased." 00:09:08.539 --> 00:09:11.340 “My Lord! then set me not among the wrongdoing folk.” (23:94) 00:09:11.820 --> 00:09:16.299 “And verily We are Able to show thee that which We have promised them.” (23:95) 00:09:17.720 --> 00:09:25.799 Indeed, O Muhammad, We are well able to show you the prompt punishment We have promised these polytheists, 00:09:26.360 --> 00:09:30.440 so let not their denial of what We have promised you cause you grief; 00:09:31.000 --> 00:09:34.840 We only defer it so that the appointed decree may reach its term. 00:09:36.139 --> 00:09:43.980 “Repel evil with that which is better. We are Best Aware of that which they allege.” (23:96) 00:09:45.299 --> 00:09:48.659 Repel evil, O Muhammad, with that which is best, 00:09:49.220 --> 00:09:52.820 namely by overlooking and forgiving the ignorance of the polytheists, 00:09:53.299 --> 00:09:55.059 and showing patience toward their harm; 00:09:55.620 --> 00:09:59.460 this was His command to him before He commanded him to fight them. 00:10:00.019 --> 00:10:03.379 By "evil," He meant the harm the polytheists inflicted upon him. 00:10:04.100 --> 00:10:06.659 We are best aware of what they describe Allah with, 00:10:07.059 --> 00:10:10.419 what they falsely attribute to Him of lies and fabrication, 00:10:10.899 --> 00:10:13.379 and the evil they speak against you, 00:10:13.860 --> 00:10:16.899 and We shall recompense them for all of that. 00:10:18.519 --> 00:10:24.679 “And say: My Lord! I seek refuge in Thee from suggestions of the evil ones,” (23:97) 00:10:25.000 --> 00:10:30.759 “And I seek refuge in Thee, my Lord, lest they be present with me,” (23:98) 00:10:32.519 --> 00:10:38.840 And say, O Muhammad: "My Lord, I seek refuge in You from the suffocating assaults and whisperings of the devils, 00:10:39.480 --> 00:10:43.639 and I seek refuge in You, my Lord, lest they be present in any of my affairs." 00:10:45.210 --> 00:10:52.409 “Until, when death cometh unto one of them, he saith: My Lord! Send me back,” (23:99) 00:10:52.889 --> 00:10:57.289 “That I may do right in that which I have left behind! But nay! It is but a word that he speaketh; and behind them is a barrier until the day when they are raised.” (23:100) 00:10:57.850 --> 00:11:04.250 “That I may do right in that which I have left behind! But nay! It is but a word that he speaketh; and behind them is a barrier until the day when they are raised.” (23:100) 00:11:04.730 --> 00:11:11.860 “That I may do right in that which I have left behind! But nay! It is but a word that he speaketh; and behind them is a barrier until the day when they are raised.” (23:100) 00:11:13.340 --> 00:11:17.179 Until, when death comes to one of these polytheists, 00:11:17.740 --> 00:11:19.980 he says, full of remorse over what he neglected: 00:11:20.539 --> 00:11:24.059 "My Lord, send me back to the world, return me to it, 00:11:24.620 --> 00:11:28.700 so that I may do righteous deeds in that which I left undone before this day, 00:11:29.019 --> 00:11:31.179 where I was neglectful and fell short." 00:11:31.899 --> 00:11:35.179 By no means! The matter is not as he says; 00:11:35.820 --> 00:11:39.500 this statement—his saying, "My Lord, send me back"— 00:11:39.980 --> 00:11:43.100 is merely a word this polytheist utters, 00:11:43.659 --> 00:11:47.980 and behind them is a barrier preventing them from returning, 00:11:48.299 --> 00:11:51.019 until the Day they are resurrected from their graves. 00:11:52.309 --> 00:11:58.389 “And when the trumpet is blown there will be no kinship among them that day, nor will they ask of one another.” (23:101) 00:11:58.789 --> 00:12:06.629 “And when the trumpet is blown there will be no kinship among them that day, nor will they ask of one another.” (23:101) 00:12:08.019 --> 00:12:09.700 "And when the Horn is blown, 00:12:10.100 --> 00:12:14.580 “And the trumpet is blown, and all who are in the heavens and all who are in the earth swoon away, save him whom Allah willeth. Then it is blown a second time, and behold them standing waiting!” (39:68) 00:12:15.059 --> 00:12:18.899 there will be no kinship ties between them that Day by which they may maintain bonds, 00:12:19.220 --> 00:12:20.899 nor will they ask after one another." 00:12:21.299 --> 00:12:26.100 They will not visit each other to inquire about their conditions or their lineages. 00:12:27.509 --> 00:12:34.789 "Then those whose scales are heavy—it is they who are the successful." 00:12:35.269 --> 00:12:49.590 “And those whose scales are light are those who lose their souls, in hell abiding.” (23:103) 00:12:50.149 --> 00:12:55.830 "The Fire will scorch their faces, and they will be therein grinning grimly." 00:12:57.399 --> 00:13:03.799 Those whose scales of good deeds are heavy—they are the ones who will abide eternally in the Gardens of Bliss. 00:13:04.519 --> 00:13:12.039 But those whose scales of good deeds are light—they are the ones who have deprived themselves of their share of Allah's mercy; 00:13:12.600 --> 00:13:18.679 in the fire of Hell they will abide eternally, the flames of the Fire scorching their faces and burning them, 00:13:19.320 --> 00:13:25.639 and their lips will be shriveled back from their teeth because of the Fire burning their faces. 00:13:35.110 --> 00:13:54.309 It will be said to them: "Were not the verses of the Qur'an recited to you in the worldly life, and you used to deny them?" 00:13:55.159 --> 00:14:02.519 They will say: "Our Lord, what was predetermined for us in Your prior knowledge and decreed for us in the Mother of the Book overcame us, 00:14:03.080 --> 00:14:07.720 and we were a people who strayed from the path of guidance and the pursuit of truth." 00:14:09.320 --> 00:14:15.960 “Our Lord! Oh, bring us forth from hence! If we return (to evil) then indeed we shall be wrong-doers.” (23:107) 00:14:16.440 --> 00:14:20.440 "He said: 'Be humiliated therein, and do not speak to Me.'" 00:14:21.929 --> 00:14:29.289 "Our Lord, bring us out of the Fire; then, if we return to the deeds You hate from us, we will indeed be wrongdoers." 00:14:30.090 --> 00:14:35.450 The Lord will say, answering them: "Stay despised in the Fire, and do not speak to Me." 00:14:37.190 --> 00:14:55.669 “Lo! there was a party of My slaves who said: Our Lord! We believe, therefor forgive us and have mercy on us for Thou art Best of all who show mercy;” (23:109) 00:14:55.669 --> 00:15:09.350 “But ye chose them for a laughing-stock until they caused you to forget remembrance of Me, while ye laughed at them.” (23:110) 00:15:11.179 --> 00:15:18.379 Exalted is His mention, He says: "There was indeed a group of My servants—the believers in Allah— 00:15:19.100 --> 00:15:26.059 who used to say in the worldly life: 'Our Lord, we have believed in You and Your messengers, so forgive us and have mercy upon us, 00:15:26.620 --> 00:15:31.580 for You are the best of those who show mercy to the afflicted, so do not punish us with Your torment.' 00:15:32.220 --> 00:15:37.580 But you took the believers in Me in the worldly life as a mockery and a laughingstock, ridiculing them, 00:15:38.139 --> 00:15:46.539 and your mocking of them persisted until it made you forget My remembrance, distracting you from it, while you used to laugh at them. 00:15:48.179 --> 00:15:57.460 “Lo! I have rewarded them this day forasmuch as they were steadfast in that they, even they, are the triumphant.” (23:111) 00:15:58.600 --> 00:16:06.279 Today, O polytheists who associate partners with Allah, I have rewarded those believers whom you took in worldly life as objects of ridicule, 00:16:06.759 --> 00:16:10.840 because of their patience through the harm of your mockery which they endured, 00:16:11.320 --> 00:16:16.840 in that they are the triumphant today with everlasting bliss and eternal honor." 00:16:18.500 --> 00:16:22.500 “He will say: How long tarried ye in the earth, counting by years?” (23:112) 00:16:23.059 --> 00:16:31.620 "They said: 'We remained a day or part of a day; ask those who keep count.'" 00:16:32.179 --> 00:16:40.740 “He will say: Ye tarried but a little if ye only knew.” (23:114) 00:16:42.539 --> 00:16:48.009 He will say to these wretched ones: "How many years did you remain on earth?" 00:16:48.759 --> 00:16:53.639 They will say, answering Him: "We remained therein a day or part of a day; 00:16:54.279 --> 00:17:02.200 ask those who keep count of the months and years, for we do not know—we have forgotten that." 00:17:03.029 --> 00:17:08.309 Allah will say to them: "You remained on earth only a little, brief while, 00:17:08.789 --> 00:17:12.630 if you had only known the true measure of your stay therein. 00:17:13.980 --> 00:17:22.779 “Deemed ye then that We had created you for naught, and that ye would not be returned unto Us?” (23:115) 00:17:23.960 --> 00:17:29.799 Did you think, O wretched ones, that We created you aimlessly and in vain, 00:17:30.440 --> 00:17:34.279 and that you would not be returned to your Lord after your death, 00:17:34.759 --> 00:17:38.039 so that you might be recompensed for what you used to do in the world?" 00:17:39.480 --> 00:17:42.519 Exalted is Allah, the True King, 00:17:42.759 --> 00:17:47.480 far above what these polytheists attribute to Him of having a partner. 00:17:48.200 --> 00:17:53.910 There is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, the Lord of the Noble Throne. 00:17:54.549 --> 00:18:00.869 “He who crieth unto any other god along with Allah hath no proof thereof. His reckoning is only with his Lord. Lo! disbelievers will not be successful.” (23:117) 00:18:01.349 --> 00:18:05.059 "His reckoning is only with his Lord." 00:18:05.940 --> 00:18:11.779 “He who crieth unto any other god along with Allah hath no proof thereof. His reckoning is only with his Lord. Lo! disbelievers will not be successful.” (23:117) 00:18:11.779 --> 00:18:20.019 “He who crieth unto any other god along with Allah hath no proof thereof. His reckoning is only with his Lord. Lo! disbelievers will not be successful.” (23:117) 00:18:21.579 --> 00:18:27.180 And whoever invokes another deity alongside the only Deity worthy of worship, 00:18:27.819 --> 00:18:32.299 having no proof or clear evidence for what he says and does in that regard, 00:18:32.940 --> 00:18:36.140 his evil deed's reckoning is solely with his Lord, 00:18:36.700 --> 00:18:39.740 and He will pay him his recompense in full when he comes before Him. 00:18:40.380 --> 00:18:43.660 Indeed, those who disbelieve in Allah will never succeed before Him, 00:18:44.140 --> 00:18:47.579 nor will they attain eternal life and dwelling in bliss. 00:18:59.049 --> 00:19:04.250 And say, O Muhammad: "My Lord, conceal my sins for me through Your pardon of them, 00:19:04.809 --> 00:19:06.970 and have mercy on me by accepting my repentance." 00:19:07.529 --> 00:19:11.930 And say: "You, my Lord, are the best of those who show mercy to the sinner, 00:19:12.490 --> 00:19:15.289 accepting his repentance and not punishing him."