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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.

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Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammar.

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Surah al-Layl (The Night).

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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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By the night when it covers.

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And by the day when it shines forth.

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“And Him Who hath created male and female,” (92:3)

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Indeed, your efforts are diverse.

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The Exalted says, swearing by the night,

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When it covers the day with its darkness,

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Removing its light and bringing forth its gloom.

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And by the night as it covers the day.

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And He swears by the day when it brightens and illuminates,

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Making visible to the eyes what the darkness of the night

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Had previously obscured and hidden,

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Preventing it from being seen clearly.

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And His saying:

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“And Him Who hath created male and female,” (92:3)

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It may be an oath from Allah, whose praise is exalted,

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By the Creator of the male and the female,

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Or it may be an oath by His act of creating the male and the female.

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Indeed, your efforts are diverse.

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Meaning: your deeds are varied, O people.

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For among you are those who disbelieve in their Lord and disobey His commands and prohibitions,

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And those who believe in Him and obey His commands and prohibitions.

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As for he who gives and fears Allah,

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And believes in the best (the truth),

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We will facilitate for him the way to ease.

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But as for he who withholds and considers himself self-sufficient,

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And denies the best (the truth),

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We will facilitate for him the way to hardship.

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As for he who gives and fears Allah among you, O people, in the path of Allah,

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And follows what Allah commanded him to give from his wealth and what He bestowed upon him of His bounty,

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And fears Allah and avoids His prohibitions,

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And believes in the reward from Allah for what he gave of his wealth,

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In accordance with what Allah commanded him to spend,

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We will prepare him for the path of ease,

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Which is to perform the deeds that Allah is pleased with in this world,

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So that He may grant him Paradise in the Hereafter.

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As for he who is stingy with his spending in the path of Allah,

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And withholds what Allah has bestowed upon him of His bounty,

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Refusing to spend it in the ways Allah has commanded,

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And considers himself independent of his Lord, not seeking His favor through obedience,

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Nor seeking increase in what He has granted him,

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And denies the reward,

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We will prepare him in this world for the path of hardship.

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“His riches will not save him when he perisheth.” (92:11)

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Indeed, upon Us is the guidance.

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“And lo! unto Us belong the latter portion and the former.” (92:13)

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What will avail this person who is stingy with his wealth,

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And considers himself independent of his Lord,

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When he falls into Hell on the Day of Resurrection?

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Indeed, it is for Us to clarify the truth from falsehood,

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And obedience from disobedience.

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And to Us belongs the dominion of all that is in this world and the Hereafter;

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We give from both to whom We will among Our creation,

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And withhold it from whom We will.

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So I have warned you of a Fire which rages.

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None will enter it except the most wretched,

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Who denies and turns away.

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But the righteous will be kept far from it,

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He who gives his wealth to purify himself.

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And he has no favor from anyone to be repaid,

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“Except as seeking (to fulfil) the purpose of his Lord Most High.” (92:20)

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And he will surely be satisfied.

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I have warned you, O people, of a Fire that blazes,

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Which none shall enter to be scorched by its flames except the most wretched,

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Who denied the signs of his Lord and turned away from them,

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And did not believe in them.

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But the righteous will be saved from the fire that rages,

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He who gives his wealth in this world,

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Fulfilling the rights of Allah that He has obligated upon him,

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Purifying himself from his sins by giving that wealth.

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And he does not owe anyone among the creation of Allah,

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Who gives his wealth in the path of Allah to purify himself,

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Any favor that he is trying to repay.

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He does not spend what he spends,

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Nor does he give what he gives, as a recompense to a person,

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To repay him for a favor he previously received,

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Nor is it a reward for a blessing,

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That someone had previously bestowed upon him.

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Rather, he gives it for the sake of Allah's rights,

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Seeking only the Countenance of Allah.

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And this giver will surely be satisfied,

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With what he gave in the rights of Allah, the Almighty and Majestic,

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Purifying himself through what Allah will reward him with in the Hereafter,

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As a compensation for what he gave in this world,

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In His path, when he meets his Lord, the Blessed and Exalted.

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A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.