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In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

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Ifadah Center

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for Humanities Studies and Research

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presents

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Abridged Sahih al-Bukhari

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Chapter: One who applies the customs of the regions regarding what is mutually recognized among them in sales and leasing,

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as well as measures and weights,

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and their customs regarding their intentions and well-known practices.

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On the authority of 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said:

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Hind bint 'Utbah came

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and said, "O Messenger of Allah,

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there was no household on the face of the earth that I loved to see humiliated more than your household.

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But today, there is no household on the face of the earth that I love to see honored more than your household."

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She said,

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"And also, by the One in whose hand is my soul!"

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She said,

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"O Messenger of Allah,

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Abu Sufyan is a stingy man.

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Is there any blame upon me if I take from his wealth to feed our dependents?"

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In one narration:

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"A miserly man."

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"Is there any sin upon me if I take from his wealth secretly?"

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And in another narration:

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"He does not give me what suffices me and my children,

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except what I take from him without his knowledge."

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He said,

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"I do not see it as anything but according to what is customary."

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In one narration:

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"Take what suffices you and your children according to what is customary."

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And in another narration:

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"There is no blame upon you if you feed them."

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Commentary on the hadith:

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"From a household" (min ahli khiba'):

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Al-khiba' means the tent.

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It is used as an expression for a dwelling or a house.

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"Maysik" means stingy.

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"Haraj" means sin.

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"From that which is his" (min alladhi lahu):

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Meaning, from his wealth.

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"Our dependents" ('ayaluna):

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Meaning, our children.

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"I do not see it" (la arahu):

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Meaning, I do not see that feeding as anything but...

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"According to what is customary" (bil-ma'ruf):

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Meaning, according to what is established by custom.

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From the benefits of the hadith:

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It is derived from the hadith:

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The permissibility of taking one's established right from another's wealth without his permission.

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It contains the legitimacy of a woman complaining about her husband to a judge or someone who can grant her justice.

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It shows that correct custom is like a necessary condition in the Shari'ah.

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It shows the obligation of providing for one's wife and young children.

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And that it is measured by what is sufficient.

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On the authority of 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said:

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"And whoever is wealthy, let him refrain [from taking from the orphan's wealth]."

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“Prove orphans till they reach the marriageable age; then, if ye find them of sound judgment, deliver over unto them their fortune; and devour it not by squandering and in haste lest they should grow up Whoso (of the guardians) is rich, let him abstain generously (from taking of the property of orphans); and whoso is poor let him take thereof in reason (for his guardianship). And when ye deliver up their fortune unto orphans, have (the transaction) witnessed in their presence. Allah sufficeth as a Reckoner.” (4:6)

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It was revealed regarding the guardian of an orphan,

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who manages his affairs and improves his wealth.

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If he is poor, he may eat from it according to what is customary.

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Commentary on the hadith:

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"And whoever is wealthy, let him refrain."

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“Prove orphans till they reach the marriageable age; then, if ye find them of sound judgment, deliver over unto them their fortune; and devour it not by squandering and in haste lest they should grow up Whoso (of the guardians) is rich, let him abstain generously (from taking of the property of orphans); and whoso is poor let him take thereof in reason (for his guardianship). And when ye deliver up their fortune unto orphans, have (the transaction) witnessed in their presence. Allah sufficeth as a Reckoner.” (4:6)

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Meaning, if he is wealthy, his reward is with Allah.

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And if he is poor, he may eat in proportion to his management of the orphan.

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It is also said: in proportion to his need.

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"Guardian of the orphan" (wali al-yatim): meaning the one who manages his affairs and takes charge.

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"Who manages his affairs" (alladhi yuqimu 'alayhi): meaning the one who oversees his matters.

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"And improves his wealth":

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Meaning, he takes care of the orphan's wealth so that it does not perish.

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From the benefits of the hadith:

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It is derived from the hadith:

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The recommendation of trading with an orphan's wealth,

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and taking care of the fruits of his trees,

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and all wealth according to its nature.

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It shows that the guardian of an orphan is like a hired worker.

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Chapter: A partner selling to his partner.

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On the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:

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The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, decreed

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the right of pre-emption (shuf'ah) in every property that has not been divided.

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In one narration:

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"In everything that has not been divided."

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So when the boundaries are set and the paths are marked,

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there is no right of pre-emption.

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Commentary on the hadith:

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"Decreed" (qada): meaning judged.

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"Pre-emption" (shuf'ah):

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It is a right for a partner in the share of his partner.

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"Has not been divided": meaning held in common, like real estate.

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"Boundaries are set and paths are marked":

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Meaning, it has become divided and is no longer held in common.

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From the benefits of the hadith:

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It is derived from the hadith:

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The legitimacy of partnership in real estate and common property.

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It shows that among the objectives of partnership

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is the removal of harm and causing damage.

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Chapter: If one buys something for another without his permission, then he approves it.

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On the authority of 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:

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I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say:

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"Three men from those before you set out,

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until they sought shelter for the night in a cave.

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They entered it,

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and a rock rolled down from the mountain

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and blocked the cave upon them.

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They said,

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'Nothing will save you from this rock

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except that you call upon Allah by your righteous deeds.'"

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In one narration:

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"By the best deed you have ever done."

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And in another narration:

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"So call upon Allah by them, perhaps He will relieve it for you."

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And in another narration:

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"Nothing will save you except truthfulness.

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So let each man among you call upon Him by what he knows he has been truthful in."

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One of them said,

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"O Allah, I had two elderly parents,

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and I would not give milk to anyone before them, neither family nor wealth."

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In one narration:

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"I would go out and graze [the livestock],

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then I would return and milk them,

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and bring the milking vessel,

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and bring it to my parents, and they would drink.

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Then I would give drink to the children, my family, and my wife.

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One day, I was delayed in seeking something,

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and I did not return to them until they had slept.

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I milked their evening portion for them,

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but I found them asleep.

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I disliked giving milk to anyone before them, family or wealth.

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So I remained with the cup in my hand, waiting for them to wake up."

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In one narration:

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"I disliked waking them up,

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while the children were crying at my feet.

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This remained my habit and theirs,

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until dawn broke.

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Then they woke up and drank their evening portion.

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O Allah, if I did that seeking Your countenance,

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then relieve us from what we are in because of this rock."

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In one narration:

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"Relieve for us an opening through which we can see the sky."

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It opened slightly, but they could not get out.

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The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:

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"The second one said,

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'O Allah, I had a cousin

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who was the most beloved of people to me.'"

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In one narration:

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"As intensely as a man loves women.

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I sought her for herself,

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but she refused me,

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until a year of famine afflicted her.

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She came to me,

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and I gave her one hundred and twenty dinars."

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In one narration:

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"Until I brought her one hundred dinars,

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on the condition that she would yield herself to me.

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She did so.

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But when I had power over her,

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she said,"

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In one narration:

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"'Fear Allah!

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It is not lawful for you to break the seal except by its right.'

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So I felt ashamed to have intercourse with her,

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and I turned away from her, even though she was the most beloved of people to me,

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and I left the gold I had given her.

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O Allah, if I did that seeking Your countenance,

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then relieve us from what we are in.'"

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The rock opened,

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in one narration:

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"It relieved them by two-thirds,

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but they still could not get out."

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The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:

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"The third one said,

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'O Allah, I hired laborers,

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and I gave them their wages,

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except for one man

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who left his due and went away.

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So I invested his wages,

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until the wealth grew from it.'"

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In one narration:

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"I hired a laborer for a faraq (measure) of millet.

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I gave him his due,

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but he refused to take it.

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I took that faraq and planted it,

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until I bought cows and a herdsman with it."

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In one narration:

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"For a faraq of rice.

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He came to me after a while and said,

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'O servant of Allah,

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give me my wages.'

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I said to him,

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'All that you see is your wages:

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the camels, the cows, the sheep, and the slaves.'

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He said,

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'O servant of Allah,

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do not mock me.'

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I said,

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'I am not mocking you.'

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So he took it all and drove it away,

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and left nothing of it.

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O Allah, if I did that seeking Your countenance,

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then relieve us from what we are in.'"

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The rock opened,

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in one narration:

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It cleared away from them.

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In all instances.

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They went out walking.

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Commentary on the hadith.

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Three men.

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Meaning three individuals.

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They sought shelter for the night.

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Meaning during the night.

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A cave.

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It is a hollow in the mountain.

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It descended.

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Meaning it fell and came down from a height.

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It blocked it.

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Meaning it closed it off.

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It will not save you.

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Meaning it will not rescue or deliver you.

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By your righteous deeds.

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Meaning by seeking nearness to Allah the Exalted.

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Through a righteous deed you have performed.

220
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I would not give the evening drink.

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The 'ghabuq' is the evening drink.

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So I would delay.

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Meaning I would wait.

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I did not bring it to them.

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Meaning I did not return to my parents.

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I remained.

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Meaning I stayed in my place.

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The vessel.

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Meaning the container.

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In my hand.

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Meaning I was holding it in my hand.

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The dawn broke.

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Meaning its light appeared.

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Seeking Your countenance.

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Meaning seeking Your pleasure and sincerity to You.

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So relieve us.

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Meaning bring us out of the distress we are in.

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It opened.

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Meaning it moved aside.

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I solicited her for herself.

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A euphemism for requesting intercourse.

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Until a year of drought afflicted her.

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Meaning until a year of famine befell her, which forced her into need.

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Breaking the seal.

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00:11:46,789 --> 00:11:49,330
A euphemism for virginity.

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Except by its right.

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Which is marriage.

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The intended meaning is:

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Virginity is only removed through lawful marriage.

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With the milking vessel.

251
00:11:59,370 --> 00:12:01,970
Meaning the container into which one milks.

252
00:12:01,970 --> 00:12:04,009
It is intended here:

253
00:12:04,009 --> 00:12:06,370
The milk that has been milked into it.

254
00:12:06,370 --> 00:12:07,850
They were crying out.

255
00:12:07,850 --> 00:12:11,009
Meaning they were shouting and weeping from hunger.

256
00:12:11,009 --> 00:12:12,529
At my feet.

257
00:12:12,529 --> 00:12:15,809
Meaning at my feet while I was standing.

258
00:12:15,850 --> 00:12:16,970
My habit.

259
00:12:16,970 --> 00:12:20,029
Meaning my custom and usual practice with them.

260
00:12:20,029 --> 00:12:21,629
I felt constrained.

261
00:12:21,629 --> 00:12:24,669
'Haraj' is sin and distress.

262
00:12:24,669 --> 00:12:26,710
From falling upon her.

263
00:12:26,710 --> 00:12:28,870
Meaning from committing adultery with her.

264
00:12:28,870 --> 00:12:30,590
I turned away from her.

265
00:12:30,590 --> 00:12:32,389
Meaning I left her.

266
00:12:32,389 --> 00:12:34,149
Seeking Your countenance.

267
00:12:34,149 --> 00:12:37,389
Meaning being sincere to Allah, the Almighty and Majestic.

268
00:12:37,389 --> 00:12:38,590
Wages.

269
00:12:38,590 --> 00:12:41,529
Meaning those who work for a wage.

270
00:12:41,529 --> 00:12:42,730
Their wage.

271
00:12:42,730 --> 00:12:46,059
Meaning their agreed-upon compensation.

272
00:12:46,100 --> 00:12:47,700
He left what was his.

273
00:12:47,700 --> 00:12:49,580
Meaning he did not take it.

274
00:12:49,580 --> 00:12:50,740
It multiplied.

275
00:12:50,740 --> 00:12:52,379
Meaning it increased.

276
00:12:52,379 --> 00:12:55,019
Until wealth became abundant from it.

277
00:12:55,019 --> 00:12:58,200
Meaning camels, cattle, and others.

278
00:12:58,200 --> 00:13:00,240
He came to me after a while.

279
00:13:00,240 --> 00:13:02,259
Meaning after a period of time.

280
00:13:02,259 --> 00:13:04,299
Pay me my wage.

281
00:13:04,299 --> 00:13:07,259
Meaning give me my previous wages.

282
00:13:07,259 --> 00:13:08,500
And the slaves.

283
00:13:08,500 --> 00:13:10,259
Meaning the servants.

284
00:13:10,259 --> 00:13:12,220
Do not mock me.

285
00:13:12,220 --> 00:13:14,379
Meaning do not ridicule me.

286
00:13:14,379 --> 00:13:15,779
He drove them away.

287
00:13:15,779 --> 00:13:18,940
Meaning he took them and drove them before him.

288
00:13:18,940 --> 00:13:20,139
A 'farq'.

289
00:13:20,139 --> 00:13:21,139
The 'farq' is:

290
00:13:21,139 --> 00:13:24,179
A measure that holds three sa's.

291
00:13:24,179 --> 00:13:28,929
Meaning approximately equivalent to seven and a half kilograms.

292
00:13:28,929 --> 00:13:29,889
He refused.

293
00:13:29,889 --> 00:13:31,529
Meaning he abstained.

294
00:13:31,529 --> 00:13:32,769
I intended.

295
00:13:32,769 --> 00:13:34,490
Meaning I aimed for.

296
00:13:34,490 --> 00:13:35,889
It cleared away.

297
00:13:35,889 --> 00:13:38,460
Meaning it moved aside.

298
00:13:38,460 --> 00:13:42,000
From the benefits of the hadith.

299
00:13:42,000 --> 00:13:44,080
One benefits from the hadith:

300
00:13:44,080 --> 00:13:46,720
The reporting of previous nations.

301
00:13:46,759 --> 00:13:50,710
And mentioning their deeds to encourage similar actions.

302
00:13:50,710 --> 00:13:54,110
It contains the principle that the law of those before us is a law for us.

303
00:13:54,110 --> 00:13:56,710
As long as there is no rejection of it.

304
00:13:56,710 --> 00:13:59,830
It contains the recommendation of supplication during times of distress.

305
00:13:59,830 --> 00:14:03,389
And seeking nearness to Allah the Exalted through righteous deeds.

306
00:14:03,389 --> 00:14:05,549
As in the prayer for rain (Istisqa').

307
00:14:05,549 --> 00:14:09,590
It confirms the miracles of the saints and the righteous.

308
00:14:09,590 --> 00:14:13,990
It clarifies the virtue of honoring parents and serving them.

309
00:14:14,029 --> 00:14:18,750
And preferring them over others, including children and spouses.

310
00:14:18,750 --> 00:14:21,669
It contains the obligation of providing for parents.

311
00:14:21,669 --> 00:14:24,149
And for children and family.

312
00:14:24,149 --> 00:14:30,149
It contains the virtue of chastity and refraining from forbidden acts after having the ability to commit them.

313
00:14:30,149 --> 00:14:33,669
It contains the acceptance of repentance by the Creator, the Almighty and Majestic.

314
00:14:33,669 --> 00:14:37,230
And that whoever reforms what remains of his life will be forgiven.

315
00:14:37,230 --> 00:14:41,389
And that whoever intends to commit sins but leaves them for the sake of His countenance.

316
00:14:41,389 --> 00:14:43,740
A reward is written for him.

317
00:14:43,779 --> 00:14:48,139
It contains asking the Lord, the Majestic, to fulfill His promise.

318
00:14:48,139 --> 00:14:52,259
It contains guidance toward managing and growing wealth.

319
00:14:52,259 --> 00:14:55,019
The hadith contains the prohibition of adultery.

320
00:14:55,019 --> 00:14:59,500
It contains the recommendation of marriage for those who have the ability.

321
00:14:59,500 --> 00:15:05,919
The hadith indicates that for those who love one another, nothing is seen as better than marriage.

322
00:15:05,919 --> 00:15:09,879
It contains the warning of Allah the Exalted for those who intend to commit a sin.

323
00:15:09,879 --> 00:15:12,799
And commanding them to have piety and repent.

324
00:15:12,840 --> 00:15:17,399
The hadith contains guidance against exploiting people's needs.

325
00:15:17,399 --> 00:15:22,639
It clarifies the virtue of self-accountability and fear of Allah the Exalted.

326
00:15:22,639 --> 00:15:25,360
It contains the legitimacy of hiring/labor contracts.

327
00:15:25,360 --> 00:15:28,399
It contains the permissibility of paying wages in food.

328
00:15:28,399 --> 00:15:33,080
It contains the permissibility of a person selling someone else's property as an unauthorized agent.

329
00:15:33,080 --> 00:15:36,120
And disposing of it without the owner's permission.

330
00:15:36,120 --> 00:15:39,440
If the owner approves it thereafter.

331
00:15:39,480 --> 00:15:42,919
It clarifies the virtue of fulfilling trusts.

332
00:15:42,919 --> 00:15:47,159
The hadith indicates the prohibition of mockery.

333
00:15:47,159 --> 00:15:52,200
It contains the issue of whether a trustee who trades with entrusted money and makes a profit.

334
00:15:52,200 --> 00:15:56,679
Whether the profit belongs to the owner of the money is a matter of disagreement.

335
00:15:56,679 --> 00:16:01,360
It contains that financial rights do not lapse due to the passage of time.

336
00:16:01,360 --> 00:16:06,679
It clarifies the virtue of sincerity to Allah the Exalted in all deeds.

337
00:16:06,679 --> 00:16:10,679
And that whoever fears Allah, He will make for him a way out.

338
00:16:10,679 --> 00:16:17,600
Chapter: Buying and selling with polytheists and those at war.

339
00:16:17,600 --> 00:16:22,600
On the authority of 'Abd al-Rahman Ibn Abi Bakr, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:

340
00:16:22,600 --> 00:16:27,600
We were with the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, numbering one hundred and thirty.

341
00:16:27,600 --> 00:16:30,600
The Prophet, peace be upon him, said:

342
00:16:30,600 --> 00:16:33,600
"Does anyone among you have food?"

343
00:16:33,600 --> 00:16:37,600
Suddenly, a man had a sa' of food or something similar.

344
00:16:37,600 --> 00:16:38,600
It was kneaded.

345
00:16:38,600 --> 00:16:42,600
Then a tall, disheveled polytheist man came.

346
00:16:42,600 --> 00:16:45,600
Driving sheep before him.

347
00:16:45,600 --> 00:16:48,600
The Prophet, peace be upon him, said:

348
00:16:48,600 --> 00:16:50,600
"Is it for sale or a gift?"

349
00:16:50,600 --> 00:16:53,600
Or he said: "Is it a donation?"

350
00:16:53,600 --> 00:16:56,600
He said: "No, rather it is for sale."

351
00:16:56,600 --> 00:16:58,600
So he bought a sheep from him.

352
00:16:58,600 --> 00:16:59,600
It was prepared.

353
00:16:59,600 --> 00:17:02,600
The Prophet, peace be upon him, ordered:

354
00:17:02,600 --> 00:17:05,599
That the liver be roasted.

355
00:17:05,599 --> 00:17:07,599
By Allah.

356
00:17:07,599 --> 00:17:09,599
There was not one among the one hundred and thirty.

357
00:17:09,599 --> 00:17:12,599
But that the Prophet, peace be upon him, had cut.

358
00:17:12,599 --> 00:17:16,599
A piece for him from its liver.

359
00:17:16,599 --> 00:17:19,599
If he was present, he gave it to him.

360
00:17:19,599 --> 00:17:22,599
And if he was absent, he set it aside for him.

361
00:17:22,599 --> 00:17:25,599
He made two large bowls from it.

362
00:17:25,599 --> 00:17:28,599
They all ate, and we were satisfied.

363
00:17:28,599 --> 00:17:30,599
The two bowls remained.

364
00:17:30,599 --> 00:17:33,599
We carried it on the camel.

365
00:17:33,599 --> 00:17:37,299
Commentary on the hadith.

366
00:17:37,299 --> 00:17:40,720
"We were with the Prophet, peace be upon him."

367
00:17:40,720 --> 00:17:42,720
Meaning on a journey.

368
00:17:42,720 --> 00:17:43,720
"With a man."

369
00:17:43,720 --> 00:17:45,720
Meaning from the Companions.

370
00:17:45,720 --> 00:17:46,720
"Of food."

371
00:17:46,720 --> 00:17:48,720
Meaning barley or wheat.

372
00:17:48,720 --> 00:17:50,720
Because it was kneaded.

373
00:17:50,720 --> 00:17:51,720
"It was kneaded."

374
00:17:51,720 --> 00:17:53,720
Meaning to make bread from it.

375
00:17:53,720 --> 00:17:55,720
"Disheveled."

376
00:17:55,720 --> 00:17:58,720
Meaning very tall, beyond the average height.

377
00:17:58,720 --> 00:18:00,720
And it is said otherwise.

378
00:18:00,720 --> 00:18:01,750
"A gift."

379
00:18:01,750 --> 00:18:04,750
Meaning a donation without compensation.

380
00:18:04,750 --> 00:18:07,750
"It was prepared," meaning it was slaughtered.

381
00:18:07,750 --> 00:18:10,750
"The liver" is the liver.

382
00:18:10,750 --> 00:18:14,750
And it is said everything in the belly, including the liver and others.

383
00:18:14,750 --> 00:18:17,750
"To be roasted," meaning over the fire.

384
00:18:17,750 --> 00:18:21,750
"By Allah" is one of the forms of swearing.

385
00:18:21,750 --> 00:18:23,750
Its meaning is "the oath of Allah."

386
00:18:23,750 --> 00:18:25,819
"A piece," meaning a portion.

387
00:18:25,819 --> 00:18:28,819
"A piece," meaning a portion.

388
00:18:29,819 --> 00:18:30,819
"Present."

389
00:18:30,819 --> 00:18:32,819
Meaning in attendance.

390
00:18:32,819 --> 00:18:33,819
"Set it aside for him."

391
00:18:33,819 --> 00:18:35,849
Meaning his share.

392
00:18:35,849 --> 00:18:37,849
"He made two large bowls from it."

393
00:18:37,849 --> 00:18:39,849
The bowl.

394
00:18:39,849 --> 00:18:42,849
A vessel that holds enough to satisfy ten people.

395
00:18:42,849 --> 00:18:43,849
"It remained."

396
00:18:43,849 --> 00:18:46,099
Meaning it was in excess.

397
00:18:46,099 --> 00:18:49,970
From the benefits of the hadith.

398
00:18:49,970 --> 00:18:51,970
One benefits from the hadith:

399
00:18:51,970 --> 00:18:56,970
The permissibility of selling to a disbeliever and the validation of their ownership over what is in their possession.

400
00:18:56,970 --> 00:19:01,970
The hadith indicates that purchasing items from an unknown person whose status is not known is permissible.

401
00:19:01,970 --> 00:19:05,970
Unless one discovers something that necessitates exercising caution,

402
00:19:05,970 --> 00:19:08,029
Or that which mandates refraining from trading with them.

403
00:19:08,029 --> 00:19:11,029
It also contains the principle that whoever possesses an item,

404
00:19:11,029 --> 00:19:14,029
Its outward appearance suggests that they are its owner.

405
00:19:14,029 --> 00:19:18,029
It is not incumbent upon the buyer to verify the reality of their ownership.

406
00:19:18,029 --> 00:19:21,029
In this hadith, there are four miracles.

407
00:19:21,029 --> 00:19:23,029
The first is the multiplication of the sa' (a measure of grain).

408
00:19:23,029 --> 00:19:26,029
The second is the multiplication of the food's substance.

409
00:19:26,029 --> 00:19:27,029
The third is:

410
00:19:27,029 --> 00:19:31,029
The capacity of the two bowls to satisfy that number of people.

411
00:19:31,029 --> 00:19:32,029
The fourth is:

412
00:19:32,029 --> 00:19:37,029
The surplus that remained after they were satiated and had their fill.

413
00:19:37,029 --> 00:19:41,029
It contains the recommendation of sharing food during times of severe hunger.

414
00:19:41,029 --> 00:19:44,029
And the equality of people in that regard.

415
00:19:44,029 --> 00:19:48,029
It also shows the manifestation of blessing when gathering for a meal.

416
00:19:48,029 --> 00:19:51,029
It contains the legitimacy of emphasizing a statement with an oath,

417
00:19:51,029 --> 00:19:56,109
Even if the speaker is truthful.

418
00:19:56,109 --> 00:20:01,559
Chapter: Purchasing a slave from a combatant (harbi), gifting them, and manumitting them.

419
00:20:01,559 --> 00:20:04,559
On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

420
00:20:04,559 --> 00:20:06,690
In one narration:

421
00:20:06,690 --> 00:20:10,690
Ibrahim, peace be upon him, did not tell a lie except on three occasions.

422
00:20:10,690 --> 00:20:14,690
Two of them were for the sake of Allah, the Almighty and Majestic.

423
00:20:14,690 --> 00:20:17,690
His statement: "Indeed, I am ill."

424
00:20:17,690 --> 00:20:21,779
And his statement: "Rather, this, the largest of them, did it."

425
00:20:21,779 --> 00:20:24,779
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:

426
00:20:24,779 --> 00:20:27,779
Ibrahim, peace be upon him, migrated with Sarah.

427
00:20:27,779 --> 00:20:31,779
He entered a village in which there was a king among the kings,

428
00:20:31,779 --> 00:20:34,779
Or a tyrant among the tyrants.

429
00:20:34,779 --> 00:20:37,779
It was said that Ibrahim had entered with a woman,

430
00:20:37,779 --> 00:20:40,779
Who was among the most beautiful of women.

431
00:20:40,779 --> 00:20:45,779
So he sent for him, saying: "O Ibrahim, who is this woman with you?"

432
00:20:45,779 --> 00:20:47,819
He said: "My sister."

433
00:20:47,819 --> 00:20:50,819
Then he returned to her and said:

434
00:20:50,819 --> 00:20:52,819
"Do not prove my statement a lie,

435
00:20:52,819 --> 00:20:55,819
For I have informed them that you are my sister.

436
00:20:55,819 --> 00:20:59,819
By Allah, there is no believer on earth other than me and you."

437
00:20:59,819 --> 00:21:01,819
So he sent her to him.

438
00:21:01,819 --> 00:21:03,819
He stood up toward her,

439
00:21:03,819 --> 00:21:06,819
So she stood up to perform wudu and pray.

440
00:21:06,819 --> 00:21:07,819
She said:

441
00:21:07,819 --> 00:21:11,819
"O Allah, if I have believed in You and Your Messenger,

442
00:21:11,819 --> 00:21:14,819
And have guarded my chastity except for my husband,

443
00:21:14,819 --> 00:21:17,819
Then do not let this disbeliever overcome me."

444
00:21:17,819 --> 00:21:20,819
So he began to gasp until he kicked with his leg.

445
00:21:21,819 --> 00:21:23,009
In one narration:

446
00:21:23,009 --> 00:21:25,009
When she entered upon him,

447
00:21:25,009 --> 00:21:29,009
He reached out to touch her with his hand, but he was seized.

448
00:21:29,009 --> 00:21:30,009
He said:

449
00:21:30,009 --> 00:21:33,009
"Supplicate to Allah for me, and I will not harm you."

450
00:21:33,009 --> 00:21:36,009
So she supplicated to Allah, and he was released.

451
00:21:36,009 --> 00:21:38,009
Then he reached for her a second time,

452
00:21:38,009 --> 00:21:41,009
And he was seized similarly or more severely.

453
00:21:41,009 --> 00:21:42,009
He said:

454
00:21:42,009 --> 00:21:45,009
"Supplicate to Allah for me, and I will not harm you."

455
00:21:45,009 --> 00:21:47,009
So she supplicated, and he was released.

456
00:21:47,009 --> 00:21:50,009
Then he called some of his guards.

457
00:21:50,009 --> 00:21:52,299
Abu Hurayrah said:

458
00:21:52,299 --> 00:21:53,299
She said:

459
00:21:53,299 --> 00:21:55,299
"O Allah, if he dies,

460
00:21:55,299 --> 00:21:57,299
It will be said that she killed him."

461
00:21:57,299 --> 00:22:01,299
So he sent her away on the second or third time.

462
00:22:01,299 --> 00:22:02,299
He said:

463
00:22:02,299 --> 00:22:06,299
"By Allah, you have not sent me a human, but a devil.

464
00:22:06,299 --> 00:22:09,299
Return her to Ibrahim."

465
00:22:09,299 --> 00:22:12,299
And they gave her Hajar.

466
00:22:12,299 --> 00:22:15,390
She returned to Ibrahim, peace be upon him,

467
00:22:15,390 --> 00:22:16,390
And she said:

468
00:22:16,390 --> 00:22:17,390
And she said:

469
00:22:17,390 --> 00:22:20,390
"Do you realize that Allah has humiliated the disbeliever,

470
00:22:20,390 --> 00:22:22,390
And provided a servant girl?"

471
00:22:22,390 --> 00:22:24,549
In one narration:

472
00:22:24,549 --> 00:22:27,549
She came to him while he was standing in prayer.

473
00:22:27,549 --> 00:22:29,549
He gestured with his hand:

474
00:22:29,549 --> 00:22:30,549
"What happened?"

475
00:22:30,549 --> 00:22:31,549
She said:

476
00:22:31,549 --> 00:22:34,549
"Allah has turned back the plot of the disbeliever,

477
00:22:34,549 --> 00:22:37,549
Or the wicked one, against his own throat,

478
00:22:37,549 --> 00:22:39,549
And has provided Hajar as a servant."

479
00:22:39,549 --> 00:22:41,650
Abu Hurayrah said:

480
00:22:41,650 --> 00:22:46,319
"That is your mother, O children of the water of the sky."

481
00:22:46,319 --> 00:22:49,740
Commentary on the hadith:

482
00:22:49,740 --> 00:22:52,740
Ibrahim, peace be upon him, migrated with Sarah,

483
00:22:52,740 --> 00:22:54,740
Meaning he traveled with her.

484
00:22:54,740 --> 00:22:55,769
Village:

485
00:22:55,769 --> 00:22:56,769
It is said:

486
00:22:56,769 --> 00:22:57,769
The village,

487
00:22:57,769 --> 00:22:59,769
Was in Jordan.

488
00:22:59,769 --> 00:23:00,769
King:

489
00:23:00,769 --> 00:23:02,769
It is said his name was Saduq.

490
00:23:02,769 --> 00:23:04,769
Tyrant:

491
00:23:04,769 --> 00:23:07,769
The term 'tyrant' is applied to an oppressive king.

492
00:23:07,769 --> 00:23:09,769
"My sister":

493
00:23:09,769 --> 00:23:11,769
He meant the brotherhood of faith.

494
00:23:11,769 --> 00:23:12,769
"Believer":

495
00:23:12,769 --> 00:23:15,769
Meaning in Allah, the Almighty and Majestic.

496
00:23:15,769 --> 00:23:17,769
"He stood up toward her":

497
00:23:17,769 --> 00:23:20,799
Meaning the king intended to commit an immoral act.

498
00:23:20,799 --> 00:23:22,799
"And I have guarded my chastity":

499
00:23:22,799 --> 00:23:27,799
Meaning protected by Islam, chastity, freedom, and marriage.

500
00:23:27,799 --> 00:23:30,829
The intended meaning here is marriage.

501
00:23:30,829 --> 00:23:32,829
"Do not let him overcome me":

502
00:23:32,829 --> 00:23:34,859
Meaning do not let him reach me.

503
00:23:34,859 --> 00:23:36,859
"He gasped":

504
00:23:36,859 --> 00:23:39,859
Meaning he choked until a gasping sound was heard from him.

505
00:23:39,859 --> 00:23:41,859
"He kicked with his leg":

506
00:23:41,859 --> 00:23:44,990
Meaning he moved it and struck it against the ground.

507
00:23:44,990 --> 00:23:45,990
"He released her":

508
00:23:45,990 --> 00:23:49,119
Meaning he let her go from what had afflicted him.

509
00:23:49,119 --> 00:23:50,119
"A devil":

510
00:23:50,119 --> 00:23:53,119
Meaning a rebellious one from the jinn.

511
00:23:53,119 --> 00:23:55,119
"And they gave her Hajar":

512
00:23:55,119 --> 00:23:57,119
Meaning they gave Sarah a slave girl,

513
00:23:57,119 --> 00:23:59,180
Whose name was Hajar.

514
00:23:59,180 --> 00:24:00,180
"Do you realize":

515
00:24:00,180 --> 00:24:02,180
Meaning, have you been informed?

516
00:24:02,180 --> 00:24:05,180
Addressing Ibrahim, peace be upon him.

517
00:24:05,180 --> 00:24:06,180
"Humiliated":

518
00:24:06,180 --> 00:24:10,180
Meaning angered him and turned him back disgraced and disappointed.

519
00:24:10,180 --> 00:24:12,180
And other meanings have been suggested.

520
00:24:12,180 --> 00:24:14,180
"And provided a servant girl":

521
00:24:14,180 --> 00:24:17,440
Meaning he gave her a slave girl to serve her.

522
00:24:17,440 --> 00:24:21,180
From the benefits of the hadith:

523
00:24:21,180 --> 00:24:23,180
It is derived from the hadith:

524
00:24:23,180 --> 00:24:28,180
The legitimacy of wudu and prayer in the creed of Ibrahim, peace be upon him.

525
00:24:28,269 --> 00:24:32,269
It confirms the karamah (miraculous grace) for righteous women.

526
00:24:32,269 --> 00:24:38,269
It contains the legitimacy of using righteous deeds as a means of intercession to Allah, the Almighty and Majestic.

527
00:24:38,269 --> 00:24:43,269
The hadith points to the fact that whoever preserves the limits of Allah,

528
00:24:43,269 --> 00:24:45,269
Will be preserved in this world and the Hereafter.

529
00:24:45,269 --> 00:24:49,269
It provides guidance to avoid places of suspicion.

530
00:24:49,269 --> 00:24:55,269
The hadith indicates that whoever says to his wife "my sister," intending the brotherhood of faith,

531
00:24:55,269 --> 00:24:57,269
It does not constitute zihar (a form of divorce).

532
00:24:57,269 --> 00:24:58,269
It contains a point of discussion.

533
00:24:58,269 --> 00:25:01,400
It contains the permissibility of using ambiguous language (ma'arid).

534
00:25:01,400 --> 00:25:04,400
In which there is an alternative to lying.

535
00:25:04,400 --> 00:25:08,400
It shows that one of the conditions for the acceptance of supplication is sincerity.

536
00:25:08,400 --> 00:25:13,400
It shows that trials occur to the righteous to elevate their ranks.

537
00:25:13,400 --> 00:25:18,400
It contains the legitimacy of seeking ways to escape from oppressors.

538
00:25:18,400 --> 00:25:23,400
It provides guidance to take precautions while believing in the divine decree.

539
00:25:23,400 --> 00:25:28,579
Chapter: Killing the swine.

540
00:25:28,579 --> 00:25:32,089
On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

541
00:25:32,089 --> 00:25:36,089
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:

542
00:25:36,089 --> 00:25:38,089
"By Him in Whose hand is my soul,

543
00:25:38,089 --> 00:25:42,089
The son of Maryam will surely descend among you."

544
00:25:42,089 --> 00:25:46,279
In one narration: "The Hour will not be established until..."

545
00:25:46,279 --> 00:25:52,279
In one narration: "How will you be when the son of Maryam descends among you,

546
00:25:52,279 --> 00:25:56,569
And your leader is from among you, as a just judge?"

547
00:25:56,569 --> 00:26:00,630
In one narration: "As a fair judge."

548
00:26:00,630 --> 00:26:05,630
He will break the cross, kill the swine, and abolish the jizya.

549
00:26:05,630 --> 00:26:09,630
Wealth will overflow until no one accepts it,

550
00:26:09,630 --> 00:26:15,630
Until a single prostration will be better than the world and all that is in it.

551
00:26:15,630 --> 00:26:18,660
Then Abu Hurayrah says:

552
00:26:18,660 --> 00:26:20,660
"And recite if you wish:

553
00:26:20,660 --> 00:26:26,660
“There is not one of the People of the Scripture but will believe in him before his death, and on the Day of Resurrection he will be a witness against them -” (4:159)

554
00:26:26,660 --> 00:26:30,660
“There is not one of the People of the Scripture but will believe in him before his death, and on the Day of Resurrection he will be a witness against them -” (4:159)

555
00:26:30,660 --> 00:26:34,299
Commentary on the hadith:

556
00:26:34,299 --> 00:26:42,009
"Will surely descend": 'Yushiku' is a verb of proximity indicating the near occurrence of the event.

557
00:26:42,009 --> 00:26:45,099
"Descend": Meaning from the sky.

558
00:26:45,099 --> 00:26:48,099
Because Isa, peace be upon him, was raised alive.

559
00:26:48,099 --> 00:26:53,099
And he will descend at the white minaret in the east of Damascus.

560
00:26:53,099 --> 00:26:56,230
"Judge": Meaning a ruler.

561
00:26:56,230 --> 00:26:59,230
"Just": Meaning fair.

562
00:26:59,230 --> 00:27:02,230
"Abolish the jizya": Meaning he will lift it.

563
00:27:02,230 --> 00:27:06,230
"Wealth will overflow": Meaning it will become abundant and widespread.

564
00:27:06,230 --> 00:27:09,619
From the benefits of the hadith:

565
00:27:09,619 --> 00:27:13,220
The hadith is among the signs of Prophethood.

566
00:27:13,220 --> 00:27:16,220
The hadith exposes the falsehood of the Christians,

567
00:27:16,220 --> 00:27:20,220
As they claimed that the Jews crucified Isa, peace be upon him.

568
00:27:20,220 --> 00:27:25,220
It shows that swine is forbidden in the religion of the Christians.

569
00:27:25,220 --> 00:27:28,220
And Isa's, peace be upon him, killing of the swine,

570
00:27:28,220 --> 00:27:32,220
Is a refutation of the Christians who claim it is permissible in their law.

571
00:27:32,220 --> 00:27:35,220
It contains the prohibition of eating swine.

572
00:27:35,220 --> 00:27:42,079
Chapter: The fat of a dead animal should not be melted nor its grease sold.

573
00:27:42,079 --> 00:27:46,559
On the authority of Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:

574
00:27:46,559 --> 00:27:50,559
It reached Umar ibn al-Khattab that so-and-so sold wine.

575
00:27:50,559 --> 00:27:54,559
He said: "May Allah fight so-and-so!

576
00:27:54,559 --> 00:27:59,559
Does he not know that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:

577
00:27:59,559 --> 00:28:02,559
'May Allah fight the Jews!

578
00:28:02,559 --> 00:28:06,559
In one narration: 'May Allah curse the Jews!

579
00:28:06,559 --> 00:28:09,559
The fats were forbidden to them,

580
00:28:09,559 --> 00:28:12,559
So they melted them and sold them.'"

581
00:28:12,559 --> 00:28:16,099
Commentary on the hadith:

582
00:28:16,099 --> 00:28:21,460
The 'grease' (wadak) is the fat of meat and the oil extracted from it.

583
00:28:21,460 --> 00:28:25,680
"So-and-so" is Samurah, may Allah be pleased with him.

584
00:28:25,680 --> 00:28:28,710
"May Allah fight so-and-so":

585
00:28:28,710 --> 00:28:32,710
This is a phrase the Arabs use when intending to rebuke.

586
00:28:32,710 --> 00:28:35,710
It is not meant literally.

587
00:28:35,710 --> 00:28:38,740
"Melted them": Meaning they liquefied them.

588
00:28:38,740 --> 00:28:41,869
From the benefits of the hadith:

589
00:28:41,869 --> 00:28:45,509
It is derived from the hadith:

590
00:28:45,509 --> 00:28:48,509
The invalidation of tricks and means to reach what is forbidden.

591
00:28:48,509 --> 00:28:51,509
It contains the prohibition of selling wine.

592
00:28:51,509 --> 00:28:57,509
The hadith is evidence that a Muslim selling wine to a dhimmi (non-Muslim citizen) is not permissible.

593
00:28:57,509 --> 00:29:01,509
It contains the use of analogy (qiyas) in similar and parallel cases.

594
00:29:01,509 --> 00:29:06,619
On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him:

595
00:29:06,619 --> 00:29:10,619
That the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:

596
00:29:10,619 --> 00:29:12,619
"May Allah fight the Jews!

597
00:29:12,619 --> 00:29:15,619
The fats were forbidden to them,

598
00:29:15,619 --> 00:29:18,619
So they sold them and consumed their prices."

599
00:29:18,619 --> 00:29:22,009
Commentary on the hadith.

600
00:29:22,009 --> 00:29:24,519
"May Allah destroy the Jews."

601
00:29:24,519 --> 00:29:26,519
That is, may Allah curse them.

602
00:29:26,519 --> 00:29:29,519
It has also been said that it means may He kill and destroy them.

603
00:29:29,519 --> 00:29:32,779
Among the benefits of this hadith:

604
00:29:32,779 --> 00:29:35,380
One may derive from this hadith:

605
00:29:35,380 --> 00:29:39,380
A warning against the Jewish method of using deceitful stratagems.

606
00:29:39,380 --> 00:29:42,380
It also contains the prohibition of selling the fat of carrion.

607
00:29:42,380 --> 00:29:47,380
Some have used this as evidence that anything forbidden to eat or drink,

608
00:29:47,380 --> 00:29:51,380
may not be sold, just as it may not be consumed.