WEBVTT 00:00:00.080 --> 00:00:03.439 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. 00:00:03.439 --> 00:00:06.339 The Ifadah Center 00:00:06.339 --> 00:00:09.539 for Humanities Research and Studies 00:00:09.539 --> 00:00:10.820 presents: 00:00:10.820 --> 00:00:16.019 An Abridgment of Sahih al-Bukhari. 00:00:16.019 --> 00:00:19.579 The Virtues of Medina. 00:00:19.579 --> 00:00:23.410 Chapter: The Sanctuary of Medina. 00:00:23.410 --> 00:00:26.769 On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:00:26.769 --> 00:00:30.289 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said: 00:00:30.370 --> 00:00:34.340 "Medina is a sanctuary from such-and-such to such-and-such; 00:00:34.340 --> 00:00:36.579 its trees shall not be cut down, 00:00:36.579 --> 00:00:39.060 nor shall any religious innovation or misdeed be committed therein. 00:00:39.060 --> 00:00:45.939 Whoever introduces an innovation or commits a misdeed therein incurs the curse of Allah, the angels, and all mankind." 00:00:45.939 --> 00:00:49.340 Commentary on the hadith: 00:00:49.340 --> 00:00:51.359 "Sanctuary" (Haram): 00:00:51.359 --> 00:00:57.840 Meaning that many acts are prohibited within it that are not prohibited elsewhere. 00:00:57.840 --> 00:01:00.219 "From such-and-such to such-and-such": 00:01:00.619 --> 00:01:04.980 Meaning from 'Ayr to Thawr, as will be explained later. 00:01:04.980 --> 00:01:07.459 "Nor shall any religious innovation or misdeed be committed therein": 00:01:07.459 --> 00:01:12.269 Meaning no action shall be done within it that opposes the Book and the Sunnah. 00:01:12.269 --> 00:01:14.430 "Incurs the curse of Allah": 00:01:14.430 --> 00:01:16.510 What is meant by curse here 00:01:16.510 --> 00:01:21.760 is the punishment deserved for the sin and expulsion from Paradise. 00:01:21.760 --> 00:01:25.390 Key points of benefit from the hadith: 00:01:25.390 --> 00:01:30.829 It is derived from the hadith that committing misdeeds or introducing innovations in Medina is among the major sins. 00:01:30.829 --> 00:01:35.260 It shows that the one who commits an innovation and the one who shelters him are equal in sin. 00:01:35.260 --> 00:01:38.939 It establishes that it is unlawful to cut down the trees of the sanctuary 00:01:38.939 --> 00:01:41.500 that grew without human cultivation, 00:01:41.500 --> 00:01:46.620 provided they are neither dry nor broken. 00:01:46.620 --> 00:01:49.900 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:01:49.900 --> 00:01:51.489 in another narration, 00:01:51.489 --> 00:01:53.569 that he used to say: 00:01:53.569 --> 00:01:58.510 "If I saw gazelles grazing in Medina, I would not startle them, 00:01:58.510 --> 00:02:02.349 for the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 00:02:02.430 --> 00:02:06.989 'The area between its two lava tracts has been declared a sanctuary through my tongue.'" 00:02:06.989 --> 00:02:08.189 He said: 00:02:08.189 --> 00:02:13.389 "The Prophet (peace be upon him) came to Banu Harithah and said: 00:02:13.389 --> 00:02:17.789 'I see, O Banu Harithah, that you have moved outside the sanctuary.' 00:02:17.789 --> 00:02:20.030 Then he turned around and said: 00:02:20.030 --> 00:02:22.819 'Rather, you are within it.'" 00:02:22.819 --> 00:02:26.210 Commentary on the hadith: 00:02:26.210 --> 00:02:27.650 "Its two lava tracts" (labatayha): 00:02:27.650 --> 00:02:28.770 A labah 00:02:28.770 --> 00:02:31.250 is a tract of land covered with black basalt stones. 00:02:31.250 --> 00:02:33.409 Medina lies between two volcanic lava plains, 00:02:33.409 --> 00:02:36.080 an eastern one and a western one. 00:02:36.080 --> 00:02:37.439 "Banu Harithah": 00:02:37.439 --> 00:02:38.879 A clan from the Aws tribe, 00:02:38.879 --> 00:02:42.349 located on the elevated side of the volcanic tract. 00:02:42.349 --> 00:02:45.819 "I see" means: I think. 00:02:45.819 --> 00:02:49.389 Key points of benefit from the hadith: 00:02:49.389 --> 00:02:51.469 It is derived from the hadith 00:02:51.469 --> 00:02:54.509 that it is permissible to act decisively upon a strong presumption, 00:02:54.509 --> 00:02:59.099 but if certainty proves the contrary, one retracts it. 00:02:59.099 --> 00:03:04.939 It also indicates that the boundaries of the sanctuary are divinely determined (tawqifi). 00:03:05.020 --> 00:03:07.810 On the authority of 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): 00:03:07.810 --> 00:03:09.250 In one narration, 00:03:09.250 --> 00:03:13.889 'Ali addressed us from a pulpit of baked brick, 00:03:13.889 --> 00:03:17.919 wearing a sword to which a parchment scroll was attached. 00:03:17.919 --> 00:03:19.199 He said: 00:03:19.199 --> 00:03:23.439 "We have no book that we read except the Book of Allah, 00:03:23.439 --> 00:03:26.050 other than this scroll." 00:03:26.050 --> 00:03:27.490 In another narration: 00:03:27.490 --> 00:03:32.530 "We wrote down nothing from the Prophet (peace be upon him) except the Qur'an 00:03:32.610 --> 00:03:35.340 and what is in this scroll." 00:03:35.340 --> 00:03:36.379 He said: 00:03:36.379 --> 00:03:37.900 He then took it out, 00:03:37.900 --> 00:03:42.770 and within it were legal rulings concerning wound indemnities and the age-classes of camels for compensation. 00:03:42.770 --> 00:03:43.889 He said: 00:03:43.889 --> 00:03:45.330 "And in it was: 00:03:45.330 --> 00:03:49.490 'Medina is a sanctuary from 'Ayr to Thawr. 00:03:49.490 --> 00:03:53.810 Whoever introduces an innovation therein or shelters an innovator 00:03:53.810 --> 00:03:58.689 incurs the curse of Allah, the angels, and all mankind; 00:03:58.770 --> 00:04:03.409 neither mandatory nor voluntary acts of worship will be accepted from him on the Day of Resurrection. 00:04:03.409 --> 00:04:06.930 And whoever aligns himself with patrons without the permission of his legitimate masters 00:04:06.930 --> 00:04:11.810 incurs the curse of Allah, the angels, and all mankind; 00:04:11.810 --> 00:04:16.449 neither mandatory nor voluntary acts of worship will be accepted from him on the Day of Resurrection. 00:04:16.449 --> 00:04:19.089 The covenant of protection granted by Muslims is one, 00:04:19.089 --> 00:04:21.569 extended by even the humblest among them. 00:04:21.569 --> 00:04:23.730 So whoever breaches the covenant granted by a Muslim 00:04:23.730 --> 00:04:28.610 incurs the curse of Allah, the angels, and all mankind; 00:04:28.610 --> 00:04:32.810 neither mandatory nor voluntary acts of worship will be accepted from him on the Day of Resurrection.'" 00:04:34.110 --> 00:04:36.310 Commentary on the hadith: 00:04:37.500 --> 00:04:38.420 "The scroll" (al-sahifah): 00:04:38.860 --> 00:04:41.060 Meaning sheets of parchment with writing on them. 00:04:41.779 --> 00:04:43.019 "The age-classes of camels": 00:04:43.540 --> 00:04:46.100 Meaning the required amounts and types of camels due in blood money and indemnities. 00:04:46.740 --> 00:04:47.300 "'Ayr": 00:04:47.660 --> 00:04:49.259 A mountain in Medina. 00:04:49.980 --> 00:04:50.500 "Thawr": 00:04:50.899 --> 00:04:54.339 A small hill in Medina near Mount Uhud. 00:04:55.129 --> 00:04:56.449 "Shelters an innovator": 00:04:57.009 --> 00:04:57.810 "The innovator" (al-muhdith) 00:04:58.129 --> 00:05:01.569 is one who introduces something novel into religious matters or invents a religious innovation; 00:05:02.170 --> 00:05:02.810 and it is also said 00:05:03.250 --> 00:05:06.649 that it means whoever commits an injustice therein or aids an oppressor. 00:05:07.399 --> 00:05:07.920 "Sarf" 00:05:08.319 --> 00:05:09.199 means an obligatory act of worship. 00:05:09.920 --> 00:05:10.439 "'Adl" 00:05:10.839 --> 00:05:11.680 means a voluntary act of worship; 00:05:12.319 --> 00:05:13.000 and it is also said 00:05:13.399 --> 00:05:14.720 that sarf is repentance, 00:05:15.120 --> 00:05:16.480 and 'adl is a ransom, 00:05:17.160 --> 00:05:18.600 along with other interpretations. 00:05:19.399 --> 00:05:20.600 "Aligns himself with patrons": 00:05:21.079 --> 00:05:23.319 Meaning he disowns the patronage of his former emancipators. 00:05:24.180 --> 00:05:25.660 "The covenant of protection granted by Muslims" (dhimmat al-Muslimin): 00:05:26.100 --> 00:05:27.860 Meaning their pledge and guarantee of safety. 00:05:28.579 --> 00:05:29.579 "Extended by" (yas'a biha): 00:05:30.019 --> 00:05:31.100 Meaning it can be granted by. 00:05:31.860 --> 00:05:32.699 "The humblest among them": 00:05:33.180 --> 00:05:34.740 Meaning the lowest of them in social status. 00:05:35.560 --> 00:05:36.319 "Breaches the covenant" (akhfara): 00:05:36.680 --> 00:05:37.920 Meaning violated the treaty and guarantee of safety. 00:05:39.060 --> 00:05:41.339 Key points of benefit from the hadith: 00:05:42.790 --> 00:05:51.149 In the hadith is a refutation of those who claim that 'Ali possessed an exclusive, secret bequest from the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). 00:05:51.910 --> 00:05:53.990 It shows the permissibility of writing down religious knowledge. 00:05:54.750 --> 00:05:58.550 It shows that the one who commits a crime or innovation and the one who shelters him are equal in sin. 00:05:59.339 --> 00:06:02.699 The hadith serves as evidence for those who validate a woman's right to grant safety and asylum. 00:06:03.420 --> 00:06:05.660 It indicates that violating a covenant of protection is strictly forbidden. 00:06:06.339 --> 00:06:09.660 It contains a condemnation of attributing one's lineage to other than one's biological father, 00:06:10.100 --> 00:06:12.180 or a freed slave claiming clientage to other than his true emancipator, 00:06:12.740 --> 00:06:16.060 due to its ingratitude for favors received and the forfeiture of legitimate rights, 00:06:16.620 --> 00:06:19.699 as well as the severance of kinship ties and filial disobedience it entails. 00:06:22.579 --> 00:06:24.019 Chapter: The Excellence of Medina 00:06:24.339 --> 00:06:26.139 and that it expels evil people. 00:06:27.319 --> 00:06:30.120 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:06:30.759 --> 00:06:33.800 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:06:34.480 --> 00:06:37.120 "I was commanded to migrate to a city that will consume all other towns; 00:06:37.759 --> 00:06:39.079 they call it Yathrib, 00:06:39.439 --> 00:06:40.600 but it is Medina. 00:06:41.240 --> 00:06:44.920 It purges people just as the bellows purges the dross of iron." 00:06:46.459 --> 00:06:48.620 Commentary on the hadith: 00:06:49.740 --> 00:06:50.860 "I was commanded to a city": 00:06:51.459 --> 00:06:54.579 Meaning: I was commanded to emigrate to it and reside there. 00:06:55.379 --> 00:06:56.500 "That will consume all other towns": 00:06:57.100 --> 00:06:59.339 Meaning its people will prevail over all other lands, 00:06:59.980 --> 00:07:02.579 for from it territories were conquered and spoils taken. 00:07:03.459 --> 00:07:06.300 "They call it": referring to some of the hypocrites. 00:07:07.060 --> 00:07:09.019 "Purges": meaning it expels. 00:07:09.889 --> 00:07:10.529 "The bellows" (al-kir): 00:07:11.089 --> 00:07:13.290 It refers to the blacksmith's or goldsmith's hearth, 00:07:13.930 --> 00:07:14.569 and it is also said 00:07:15.050 --> 00:07:17.769 to be the instrument through which the blacksmith blows air. 00:07:18.670 --> 00:07:19.230 "Dross" (khabath): 00:07:19.629 --> 00:07:20.350 Meaning impurities and slag. 00:07:21.569 --> 00:07:23.850 Key points of benefit from the hadith: 00:07:25.529 --> 00:07:29.089 The hadith is used as proof by those who favor Medina over Mecca, 00:07:29.649 --> 00:07:33.769 because it was through Medina that Mecca and all other settlements entered Islam. 00:07:34.490 --> 00:07:36.769 It also indicates that Medina's purging of its impurities 00:07:37.290 --> 00:07:41.410 was specific to the era of the Prophet (peace be upon him). 00:07:42.089 --> 00:07:42.649 And it is said 00:07:43.129 --> 00:07:46.490 that the hadith refers to specific categories of people to the exclusion of others, 00:07:46.850 --> 00:07:48.370 and to specific times rather than all times. 00:07:51.129 --> 00:07:53.129 Chapter: Those Who Turn Away from Medina. 00:07:54.250 --> 00:07:57.250 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:07:57.769 --> 00:08:01.689 I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say: 00:08:02.290 --> 00:08:05.769 "They will abandon Medina while it is in the best condition it has ever been, 00:08:06.250 --> 00:08:08.689 and none will visit it except scavenging beasts and birds." 00:08:09.209 --> 00:08:11.810 He meant by 'awafi the beasts of prey and birds seeking food. 00:08:12.639 --> 00:08:14.120 "And the last people to be gathered 00:08:14.600 --> 00:08:17.879 will be two shepherds from the tribe of Muzaynah heading toward Medina, 00:08:18.360 --> 00:08:20.199 calling out to their sheep, 00:08:20.680 --> 00:08:22.600 only to find it deserted and wild. 00:08:23.240 --> 00:08:26.040 Then, when they reach Thaniyyat al-Wada', 00:08:26.519 --> 00:08:28.720 they will fall flat upon their faces." 00:08:30.019 --> 00:08:32.220 Commentary on the hadith: 00:08:33.409 --> 00:08:35.330 "Chapter: Those Who Turn Away from Medina": 00:08:35.809 --> 00:08:37.809 "Turn away from" (raghiba 'an) means to forsake or avoid. 00:08:38.559 --> 00:08:39.480 "They will abandon": 00:08:39.840 --> 00:08:41.840 Meaning they will leave it and depart. 00:08:42.690 --> 00:08:43.649 "In the best condition": 00:08:44.129 --> 00:08:47.970 Meaning in its finest state of prosperity and abundant fruit. 00:08:48.850 --> 00:08:49.970 "None will visit it": 00:08:50.409 --> 00:08:52.690 Meaning none will approach or enter it. 00:08:53.450 --> 00:08:54.169 "Scavengers" (al-'awaf): 00:08:54.769 --> 00:08:57.769 Meaning beasts and birds seeking sustenance. 00:08:58.529 --> 00:08:59.210 "Muzaynah": 00:08:59.690 --> 00:09:01.529 A tribe belonging to the Mudar confederation. 00:09:02.309 --> 00:09:03.669 "Heading toward Medina": 00:09:04.190 --> 00:09:05.909 Meaning making their way toward it. 00:09:06.779 --> 00:09:07.700 "Calling out" (yan'iqani): 00:09:08.259 --> 00:09:10.779 Meaning shouting at and driving the sheep. 00:09:11.539 --> 00:09:12.220 "Deserted and wild" (wahshan): 00:09:12.700 --> 00:09:15.100 Meaning completely vacant, with no human inhabitant. 00:09:16.059 --> 00:09:16.700 "Reach": 00:09:17.100 --> 00:09:17.980 Meaning they arrive at. 00:09:18.740 --> 00:09:20.019 "Thaniyyat al-Wada'": 00:09:20.580 --> 00:09:22.899 A mountain pass near the sanctuary of Medina. 00:09:23.460 --> 00:09:24.580 It was so named 00:09:25.059 --> 00:09:29.340 because those departing Medina were accompanied there by well-wishers bidding them farewell. 00:09:30.080 --> 00:09:30.840 "They will fall" (kharra): 00:09:31.279 --> 00:09:32.320 Meaning they collapse. 00:09:33.419 --> 00:09:35.700 Key points of benefit from the hadith: 00:09:37.049 --> 00:09:39.049 The hadith contains one of the signs of prophethood, 00:09:39.490 --> 00:09:44.250 as he (peace be upon him) foretold events that will occur at the end of time. 00:09:45.009 --> 00:09:48.730 The hadith also indicates that Medina will remain inhabited until the Day of Resurrection, 00:09:49.210 --> 00:09:51.210 even if it becomes depopulated at certain times. 00:09:51.889 --> 00:09:54.490 The hadith also affirms the Gathering and the Resurrection. 00:09:57.159 --> 00:10:00.159 On the authority of Sufyan Ibn Abi Zuhayr (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:10:00.440 --> 00:10:01.519 who reported 00:10:02.120 --> 00:10:05.919 that he heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: 00:10:06.519 --> 00:10:07.720 "Yemen will be conquered, 00:10:08.240 --> 00:10:10.240 and a people will come urging their mounts onward, 00:10:10.720 --> 00:10:13.919 carrying away their families and whoever obeys them; 00:10:14.519 --> 00:10:18.279 yet Medina would be better for them, if they only knew. 00:10:18.960 --> 00:10:20.200 Then the Levant will be conquered, 00:10:20.799 --> 00:10:22.799 and a people will come urging their mounts onward, 00:10:23.360 --> 00:10:26.679 carrying away their families and whoever obeys them; 00:10:27.240 --> 00:10:31.080 yet Medina would be better for them, if they only knew. 00:10:31.679 --> 00:10:32.960 Then Iraq will be conquered, 00:10:33.559 --> 00:10:35.559 and a people will come urging their mounts onward, 00:10:36.039 --> 00:10:39.480 carrying away their families and whoever obeys them; 00:10:40.000 --> 00:10:43.679 yet Medina would be better for them, if they only knew." 00:10:45.259 --> 00:10:47.299 Commentary on the hadith: 00:10:48.500 --> 00:10:49.419 "Urging their mounts onward" (yubissun) 00:10:49.779 --> 00:10:51.019 means driving their riding beasts eagerly. 00:10:51.019 --> 00:10:55.019 "Carrying away their families" means departing with them toward comfort and plenty. 00:10:55.019 --> 00:10:58.019 "Whoever obeys them" means whoever follows them. 00:10:58.019 --> 00:11:01.019 "Better" means far superior. 00:11:01.019 --> 00:11:06.019 "If they only knew" means if they only knew the merit of residing in Medina. 00:11:06.019 --> 00:11:10.460 Key takeaways from the hadith: 00:11:10.460 --> 00:11:15.460 The hadith implicitly censures anyone who yields to the false desires of the self 00:11:15.460 --> 00:11:18.460 and the fleeting, perishable vanities of this worldly life, 00:11:18.460 --> 00:11:21.460 turning away from dwelling in Medina. 00:11:21.460 --> 00:11:25.460 It demonstrates the excellence of Medina and encourages residing in it, 00:11:25.460 --> 00:11:28.460 establishing its superiority over the Levant and Yemen. 00:11:28.460 --> 00:11:31.460 The hadith is also one of the proofs of prophecy, 00:11:31.460 --> 00:11:34.460 wherein the Prophet (peace be upon him) foretold 00:11:34.460 --> 00:11:37.460 the upcoming conquests and the widespread expansion of Islam. 00:11:39.799 --> 00:11:40.799 Chapter: 00:11:40.799 --> 00:11:44.179 Faith retreats to Medina. 00:11:44.179 --> 00:11:47.179 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:11:47.179 --> 00:11:51.179 that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:11:51.179 --> 00:11:54.179 "Verily, faith will retreat to Medina 00:11:54.179 --> 00:11:58.759 just as a serpent retreats to its hole." 00:11:58.759 --> 00:12:02.210 Commentary on the hadith: 00:12:02.210 --> 00:12:07.210 "Will retreat" (la-ya'rizu) means it draws together, coalescing back into it. 00:12:07.210 --> 00:12:10.720 "Its hole" means its burrow. 00:12:10.720 --> 00:12:14.519 Key takeaways from the hadith: 00:12:14.519 --> 00:12:16.519 From this hadith it is deduced 00:12:16.519 --> 00:12:19.519 that none truly loves Medina except a believer, 00:12:19.519 --> 00:12:25.519 and one is driven to it only by faith and love for the Prophet (peace be upon him). 00:12:25.519 --> 00:12:28.549 It also indicates that faith returns to Medina 00:12:28.549 --> 00:12:31.549 just as it originally radiated from it. 00:12:31.549 --> 00:12:35.549 Furthermore, striking parables leaves a deeper and clearer impression on the mind. 00:12:35.549 --> 00:12:40.629 Chapter: The sin of plotting against the people of Medina. 00:12:40.629 --> 00:12:44.080 On the authority of Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:12:44.080 --> 00:12:48.080 I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: 00:12:48.080 --> 00:12:51.080 "No one plots against the people of Medina 00:12:51.080 --> 00:12:55.080 without dissolving just as salt dissolves in water." 00:12:55.080 --> 00:12:59.100 Commentary on the hadith: 00:12:59.100 --> 00:13:01.519 "Plots against" means devises evil or schemes against them. 00:13:01.519 --> 00:13:04.519 "Dissolves" means melts away completely. 00:13:04.519 --> 00:13:07.840 Key takeaways from the hadith: 00:13:07.840 --> 00:13:10.639 From this hadith it is deduced 00:13:10.639 --> 00:13:15.639 that it is strictly forbidden to intend evil, oppression, or harm toward Medina and its people. 00:13:15.639 --> 00:13:21.769 It affirms that Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has guaranteed to protect Medina from every evil. 00:13:21.769 --> 00:13:24.799 It demonstrates the profound excellence and sanctity of Medina. 00:13:24.799 --> 00:13:28.799 It shows the propriety of using tangible parables in teaching, 00:13:28.799 --> 00:13:33.799 emphasizing the prohibition through vivid imagery so that it resonates more powerfully. 00:13:33.799 --> 00:13:37.799 The hadith also contains a firm condemnation of injustice. 00:13:37.799 --> 00:13:42.850 Chapter: The fortresses of Medina. 00:13:42.850 --> 00:13:46.360 On the authority of Usamah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:13:46.360 --> 00:13:52.360 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) looked out from one of the fortresses of Medina 00:13:52.360 --> 00:13:56.360 and said, "Do you see what I see? 00:13:56.360 --> 00:14:02.360 Indeed, I see the sites of tribulations falling amidst your houses like the falling of raindrops." 00:14:02.360 --> 00:14:06.159 Commentary on the hadith: 00:14:06.159 --> 00:14:10.580 "Looked out" means looked down from an elevated vantage point. 00:14:10.580 --> 00:14:12.639 "The fortresses of Medina" (atam) 00:14:12.639 --> 00:14:15.639 refers to its lofty, fortress-like structures. 00:14:15.639 --> 00:14:19.639 "I see" here denotes visionary knowledge; 00:14:20.639 --> 00:14:23.639 it could also denote physical ocular vision, 00:14:23.639 --> 00:14:27.639 in that the events were visually represented before the Prophet (peace be upon him) 00:14:27.639 --> 00:14:29.639 such that he looked directly upon them, 00:14:29.639 --> 00:14:32.639 just as Paradise and the Fire were displayed before him in the direction of the qiblah 00:14:32.639 --> 00:14:35.639 so that he saw them both while he was praying. 00:14:35.639 --> 00:14:37.860 "The sites of tribulations" 00:14:37.860 --> 00:14:40.860 refers to the places where afflictions will descend. 00:14:40.860 --> 00:14:41.860 "Amidst" (khilal) 00:14:41.860 --> 00:14:44.860 means between them and throughout their quarters. 00:14:44.860 --> 00:14:45.860 "Raindrops" (al-qatr) 00:14:45.860 --> 00:14:46.860 refers to rain. 00:14:46.860 --> 00:14:50.860 He likened the descent and vast proliferation of tribulations in Medina 00:14:50.860 --> 00:14:53.860 to the torrential, all-encompassing descent of raindrops. 00:14:53.860 --> 00:14:58.110 Key takeaways from the hadith: 00:14:58.110 --> 00:15:00.110 From this hadith it is deduced 00:15:00.110 --> 00:15:02.110 that it is obligatory to beware of tribulations and avoid them. 00:15:02.110 --> 00:15:05.110 It also demonstrates that employing tangible parables 00:15:05.110 --> 00:15:07.110 leaves a deeper, more lucid impression on the soul. 00:15:07.110 --> 00:15:11.179 It contains a prophecy foretelling the abundance of trials in Medina. 00:15:11.179 --> 00:15:14.710 Chapter: 00:15:14.710 --> 00:15:16.710 The Dajjal cannot enter Medina. 00:15:16.710 --> 00:15:20.379 On the authority of Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:15:20.379 --> 00:15:24.379 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said: 00:15:24.379 --> 00:15:28.379 "The terror of the False Messiah (al-Masih al-Dajjal) will not enter Medina; 00:15:28.379 --> 00:15:31.379 on that day, it will have seven gates, 00:15:31.379 --> 00:15:34.379 and at each gate will be two angels." 00:15:34.379 --> 00:15:38.220 Commentary on the hadith: 00:15:38.220 --> 00:15:39.629 "Terror" (ru'b) 00:15:39.629 --> 00:15:40.629 means intense fear. 00:15:40.629 --> 00:15:42.629 "Al-Masih" (the Messiah): 00:15:42.629 --> 00:15:45.629 he was so named because he sweeps through the entire earth, 00:15:45.629 --> 00:15:47.629 or because he is blind and smooth in one eye, 00:15:47.629 --> 00:15:49.629 being one-eyed, 00:15:49.629 --> 00:15:51.629 or because of his constant roaming. 00:15:51.629 --> 00:15:52.759 "Al-Dajjal": 00:15:52.759 --> 00:15:54.759 meaning the arch-liar and consummate deceiver. 00:15:54.759 --> 00:15:58.179 Key takeaways from the hadith: 00:15:58.179 --> 00:16:01.039 From this hadith it is deduced: 00:16:01.039 --> 00:16:03.039 a clear statement on the virtue of Medina. 00:16:03.039 --> 00:16:06.039 It affirms the existence of angels 00:16:06.039 --> 00:16:08.039 who actively guard Medina from the Dajjal. 00:16:08.039 --> 00:16:13.039 It establishes that Medina provides sanctuary from the tribulation of the Dajjal. 00:16:13.039 --> 00:16:17.509 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:16:17.509 --> 00:16:18.509 who said 00:16:18.509 --> 00:16:22.509 that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:16:22.509 --> 00:16:25.509 "At the approaches to Medina are angels; 00:16:25.509 --> 00:16:29.509 neither plague nor the Dajjal shall enter it." 00:16:29.509 --> 00:16:30.700 In another narration: 00:16:30.700 --> 00:16:33.700 "The Messiah shall not enter Medina." 00:16:33.700 --> 00:16:37.309 Commentary on the hadith: 00:16:37.309 --> 00:16:39.730 "The approaches to Medina" (anqab) 00:16:39.730 --> 00:16:41.730 refers to its entryways and mountain passes, 00:16:41.730 --> 00:16:47.730 and it is also said to mean its gates and the openings of roads leading into it. 00:16:47.730 --> 00:16:53.860 "Plague" (al-ta'un) refers to death caused by the well-known epidemic. 00:16:53.860 --> 00:16:57.049 Key takeaways from the hadith: 00:16:57.049 --> 00:16:59.720 From this hadith it is deduced 00:16:59.720 --> 00:17:03.720 that Medina is protected against the Dajjal and the plague. 00:17:03.720 --> 00:17:07.720 It highlights the virtue and honor of residing in Medina. 00:17:07.720 --> 00:17:10.720 It affirms the existence of angels. 00:17:10.720 --> 00:17:16.319 On the authority of Anas Ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:17:16.319 --> 00:17:19.319 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 00:17:19.319 --> 00:17:20.319 who said: 00:17:20.319 --> 00:17:24.319 "There is no land that the Dajjal will not tread, 00:17:24.319 --> 00:17:27.319 except Mecca and Medina; 00:17:27.319 --> 00:17:29.319 there is no approach among their approaches 00:17:29.319 --> 00:17:34.319 but has angels arranged in ranks guarding it." 00:17:34.319 --> 00:17:36.480 In another narration: 00:17:36.480 --> 00:17:40.480 "The Dajjal will advance until he halts on the outskirts of Medina." 00:17:40.480 --> 00:17:42.609 And in another narration: 00:17:42.609 --> 00:17:45.609 "The Dajjal shall not approach it." 00:17:45.609 --> 00:17:46.609 He said: 00:17:46.609 --> 00:17:49.609 "Nor shall the plague, if Allah wills." 00:17:49.609 --> 00:17:53.859 "Then Medina will shake its inhabitants with three tremors, 00:17:53.859 --> 00:17:57.859 and Allah will drive out every disbeliever and hypocrite." 00:17:57.859 --> 00:18:01.470 Commentary on the hadith: 00:18:01.470 --> 00:18:05.049 "Will tread" means will enter it. 00:18:05.049 --> 00:18:09.109 "Guarding it" means protecting it. 00:18:09.109 --> 00:18:10.109 "Will shake" 00:18:10.109 --> 00:18:13.109 means an earthquake will strike it. 00:18:13.109 --> 00:18:15.109 "The outskirts of Medina" 00:18:15.109 --> 00:18:17.690 means in close proximity to it. 00:18:17.690 --> 00:18:21.549 Key takeaways from the hadith: 00:18:21.549 --> 00:18:23.549 From this hadith it is deduced 00:18:23.549 --> 00:18:26.549 that Allah the Exalted has shielded Mecca and Medina 00:18:26.549 --> 00:18:29.549 from the Dajjal gaining mastery over them. 00:18:29.549 --> 00:18:32.549 It highlights the virtue of Medina 00:18:32.549 --> 00:18:35.549 and that it expels disbelief and hypocrisy. 00:18:35.549 --> 00:18:39.960 On the authority of Abu Sa'id, who said: 00:18:39.960 --> 00:18:42.960 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) delivered to us 00:18:42.960 --> 00:18:46.960 one day a lengthy discourse regarding the Dajjal, 00:18:46.960 --> 00:18:50.960 and among the things he related to us was his saying: 00:18:50.960 --> 00:18:52.960 "The Dajjal will come, 00:18:52.960 --> 00:18:56.960 while it is forbidden for him to enter the mountain passes of Medina, 00:18:56.960 --> 00:19:00.960 so he will encamp at some of the salt flats bordering Medina. 00:19:00.960 --> 00:19:03.960 Thereupon, a man will come out to confront him on that day, 00:19:03.960 --> 00:19:07.960 who is the best of people, or among the best of people, 00:19:07.960 --> 00:19:08.960 and he will say: 00:19:08.960 --> 00:19:15.960 'I testify that you are the Dajjal about whom the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) informed us!' 00:19:15.960 --> 00:19:17.960 The Dajjal will then say: 00:19:17.960 --> 00:19:21.960 'Do you think that if I kill this man and then bring him back to life, 00:19:21.960 --> 00:19:23.960 you will have any doubt about the matter?' 00:19:23.960 --> 00:19:25.960 They will say: 'No.' 00:19:25.960 --> 00:19:28.960 So he will slay him and then restore him to life. 00:19:28.960 --> 00:19:29.960 The man will then say: 00:19:29.960 --> 00:19:34.960 'By Allah, I have never had clearer insight concerning you than I do today!' 00:19:34.960 --> 00:19:38.059 The Dajjal will seek to kill him again, 00:19:38.059 --> 00:19:40.059 but he will not be granted power over him." 00:19:40.059 --> 00:19:43.819 Commentary on the hadith: 00:19:43.819 --> 00:19:46.400 "Forbidden for him" 00:19:46.400 --> 00:19:48.529 means he is barred from it. 00:19:48.529 --> 00:19:49.529 "The mountain passes of Medina" 00:19:49.529 --> 00:19:52.529 refers to its entryways and pathways; 00:19:52.529 --> 00:19:58.529 and it is said: its gates and the openings of roads leading into it. 00:19:58.529 --> 00:19:59.690 "The salt flats" (al-sibakh) 00:19:59.690 --> 00:20:02.690 refers to barren land encrusted with salt. 00:20:02.690 --> 00:20:04.750 "Bordering Medina" 00:20:04.750 --> 00:20:06.750 means lying just outside it. 00:20:06.750 --> 00:20:07.779 "Do you think" 00:20:07.779 --> 00:20:09.779 means tell me your view. 00:20:09.779 --> 00:20:10.779 "They will say" 00:20:10.779 --> 00:20:13.779 refers to his followers who believe in him. 00:20:13.779 --> 00:20:14.779 "Clearer insight" 00:20:14.779 --> 00:20:17.779 means even firmer certainty that you are indeed the Dajjal, 00:20:17.779 --> 00:20:22.779 because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) foretold this exact sign, 00:20:22.779 --> 00:20:25.779 which is that he will revive the slain man, 00:20:25.779 --> 00:20:27.779 but he will not be given power over him thereafter, 00:20:27.779 --> 00:20:30.779 meaning he will not be able to kill him again. 00:20:30.779 --> 00:20:34.099 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:20:34.099 --> 00:20:36.940 From this hadith, it is derived: 00:20:36.940 --> 00:20:38.940 An explanation of the virtue of Medina; 00:20:38.940 --> 00:20:41.940 that the hadith is among the signs of Prophethood; 00:20:41.940 --> 00:20:46.940 that Medina is a sanctuary from the tribulation of the Dajjal; 00:20:46.940 --> 00:20:52.940 an indication that adhering to the Sunnah is a safeguard against tribulations; 00:20:52.940 --> 00:20:56.940 and an exposition of the enormity of the Dajjal's tribulation. 00:20:56.940 --> 00:21:00.339 Chapter: 00:21:00.339 --> 00:21:03.339 Medina Expels Impurity. 00:21:03.339 --> 00:21:05.819 On the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdillah: 00:21:05.819 --> 00:21:11.819 A Bedouin pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) upon Islam, 00:21:11.819 --> 00:21:15.819 but the Bedouin was struck by a fever in Medina. 00:21:15.819 --> 00:21:20.819 So the Bedouin came to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and said, 00:21:20.819 --> 00:21:24.819 "O Messenger of Allah, release me from my pledge!" 00:21:24.819 --> 00:21:28.819 But the Messenger of Allah refused. 00:21:28.819 --> 00:21:31.819 Then he came to him again and said, 00:21:31.819 --> 00:21:33.819 "Release me from my pledge!" 00:21:33.819 --> 00:21:35.819 But he refused. 00:21:35.819 --> 00:21:37.819 Then he came to him once more and said, 00:21:37.819 --> 00:21:39.819 "Release me from my pledge!" 00:21:39.819 --> 00:21:41.819 But he refused. 00:21:41.819 --> 00:21:43.950 So the Bedouin departed [from Medina], 00:21:43.950 --> 00:21:47.950 whereupon the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:21:47.950 --> 00:21:49.950 "Medina is only like the bellows: 00:21:49.950 --> 00:21:51.950 it expels its impurity 00:21:51.950 --> 00:21:53.950 and brightens its good." 00:21:53.950 --> 00:21:56.500 Commentary 00:21:56.500 --> 00:21:58.910 on the hadith: 00:21:58.910 --> 00:21:59.910 "Wa'k" (fever): 00:21:59.910 --> 00:22:01.910 refers to the pain of fever, 00:22:01.910 --> 00:22:03.910 for he returned the next day feverish. 00:22:03.910 --> 00:22:05.910 "Release me": 00:22:05.910 --> 00:22:07.910 meaning he wished to renounce Islam. 00:22:07.910 --> 00:22:09.910 "So he refused": 00:22:09.910 --> 00:22:11.910 meaning he declined his request. 00:22:11.910 --> 00:22:13.910 "Like the bellows": 00:22:13.910 --> 00:22:15.910 The bellows (al-kir) is the smithy of the blacksmith 00:22:15.910 --> 00:22:17.910 and the goldsmith; 00:22:17.910 --> 00:22:19.910 and it is said to be the instrument into which the blacksmith 00:22:19.910 --> 00:22:21.940 blows. 00:22:21.940 --> 00:22:23.940 "Expels": 00:22:23.940 --> 00:22:25.940 meaning it banishes and casts out. 00:22:25.940 --> 00:22:27.940 "Its impurity": 00:22:27.940 --> 00:22:29.940 meaning its dross. 00:22:29.940 --> 00:22:32.359 "Brightens": 00:22:32.359 --> 00:22:35.130 meaning it purifies and clarifies. 00:22:35.130 --> 00:22:37.130 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:22:37.130 --> 00:22:39.130 From this hadith, it is derived: 00:22:39.130 --> 00:22:41.130 Therein is that no one has 00:22:41.130 --> 00:22:43.130 any choice in abandoning the truth 00:22:43.130 --> 00:22:45.130 and returning to falsehood; 00:22:45.130 --> 00:22:47.130 and in the hadith is that the soundness of one's religion 00:22:47.130 --> 00:22:49.130 is more vital than the wellness of one's body. 00:22:52.730 --> 00:22:54.730 On the authority of Zayd ibn Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:22:54.730 --> 00:22:56.730 who said: 00:22:56.730 --> 00:22:58.730 When the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) marched out 00:22:58.730 --> 00:23:00.730 to Uhud, 00:23:00.730 --> 00:23:02.730 some of the people who had gone out returned 00:23:02.730 --> 00:23:04.730 from accompanying him, 00:23:04.730 --> 00:23:06.730 and the Companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him) split 00:23:06.730 --> 00:23:08.730 into two factions: 00:23:08.730 --> 00:23:10.730 one faction said, "We should fight them," 00:23:10.730 --> 00:23:12.730 while the other faction said, 00:23:12.730 --> 00:23:14.730 "We should not fight them." 00:23:14.730 --> 00:23:16.730 Thereupon it was revealed: 00:23:16.730 --> 00:23:18.730 “What aileth you that ye are become two parties regarding the hypocrites, when Allah cast them back (to disbelief) because of what they earned? Seek ye to guide him whom Allah hath sent astray? He whom Allah sendeth astray, for him thou (O MUhammad) canst not find a road.” (4:88) 00:23:18.730 --> 00:23:20.730 ﴾[Why should you be] two parties, when Allah has cast them back [into disbelief] 00:23:20.730 --> 00:23:22.730 for what they have earned?﴿ 00:23:22.730 --> 00:23:24.730 And he said: 00:23:24.730 --> 00:23:26.730 "It is Taybah (the Goodly City); 00:23:26.730 --> 00:23:28.730 it expels sins—" 00:23:28.730 --> 00:23:30.730 and in a narration: "it expels [wicked] men—" 00:23:30.730 --> 00:23:32.730 and in another narration: 00:23:32.730 --> 00:23:34.730 "it expels impurity 00:23:34.730 --> 00:23:36.730 just as fire expels 00:23:36.730 --> 00:23:38.920 the dross of silver;" 00:23:38.920 --> 00:23:40.920 and in a narration: "of iron." 00:23:40.920 --> 00:23:43.559 Commentary 00:23:43.559 --> 00:23:46.009 on the hadith: 00:23:46.009 --> 00:23:48.009 "Some people returned": they were the hypocrites, 00:23:48.009 --> 00:23:50.009 at the head of whom was 00:23:50.009 --> 00:23:52.009 'Abdullah ibn Ubayy ibn Salul. 00:23:52.009 --> 00:23:54.069 "And Allah has cast them back 00:23:54.069 --> 00:23:56.069 for what they have earned": 00:23:56.069 --> 00:23:58.069 meaning He returned them to disbelief and perdition. 00:23:58.069 --> 00:24:00.069 "Taybah": 00:24:00.069 --> 00:24:02.099 that is, Medina. 00:24:02.099 --> 00:24:04.099 "Expels": meaning it drives out 00:24:04.099 --> 00:24:06.099 and removes 00:24:06.099 --> 00:24:08.099 its dross and filth. 00:24:08.099 --> 00:24:10.359 Among the benefits 00:24:10.359 --> 00:24:13.190 of the hadith: 00:24:13.190 --> 00:24:15.190 From this hadith, it is derived: 00:24:15.190 --> 00:24:17.190 Whoever makes 00:24:17.190 --> 00:24:19.190 a covenant with Allah the Exalted 00:24:19.190 --> 00:24:21.190 ought never to annul it; 00:24:21.190 --> 00:24:23.190 and that striking parables 00:24:23.190 --> 00:24:25.190 with tangible things makes a deeper impression 00:24:25.190 --> 00:24:28.700 upon the soul. 00:24:28.700 --> 00:24:30.890 Chapter: 00:24:30.890 --> 00:24:32.890 On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:24:32.890 --> 00:24:34.890 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 00:24:34.890 --> 00:24:36.890 who said: 00:24:36.890 --> 00:24:38.890 "O Allah, bestow upon Medina 00:24:38.890 --> 00:24:40.890 twice the amount You have bestowed upon Mecca 00:24:40.890 --> 00:24:43.369 of blessing." 00:24:43.369 --> 00:24:45.369 Commentary on the hadith: 00:24:45.369 --> 00:24:47.779 "Twice the amount": 00:24:47.779 --> 00:24:49.779 that is, double. 00:24:49.779 --> 00:24:51.779 "Blessing": 00:24:51.779 --> 00:24:54.230 meaning the abundance and constancy of good. 00:24:54.230 --> 00:24:56.230 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:24:56.230 --> 00:24:58.970 From this hadith, it is derived: 00:24:58.970 --> 00:25:00.970 An explanation of the virtue of Medina 00:25:00.970 --> 00:25:02.970 and Mecca, 00:25:02.970 --> 00:25:04.970 and an encouragement to reside in both; 00:25:04.970 --> 00:25:06.970 and in the hadith is evidence for whoever 00:25:06.970 --> 00:25:08.970 favors Medina over Mecca; 00:25:08.970 --> 00:25:10.970 and that the multiplication 00:25:10.970 --> 00:25:12.970 of blessing in Medina 00:25:12.970 --> 00:25:14.970 is a perceptible reality. 00:25:14.970 --> 00:25:16.970 The hadith is among the signs of Prophethood, 00:25:16.970 --> 00:25:18.970 for everyone who has resided in Medina 00:25:18.970 --> 00:25:20.970 has experienced the blessing in its sa' 00:25:20.970 --> 00:25:22.970 and its mudd; 00:25:22.970 --> 00:25:24.970 and it demonstrates the profound love 00:25:24.970 --> 00:25:26.970 of the Prophet (peace be upon him) 00:25:26.970 --> 00:25:30.440 for Medina. 00:25:30.440 --> 00:25:32.660 Chapter: 00:25:32.660 --> 00:25:34.660 On the authority of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), 00:25:34.660 --> 00:25:36.660 who said: When 00:25:36.660 --> 00:25:38.660 the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) arrived in 00:25:38.660 --> 00:25:40.660 Medina, 00:25:40.660 --> 00:25:42.730 Abu Bakr and Bilal fell sick with fever. 00:25:42.730 --> 00:25:44.730 In another narration: 00:25:44.730 --> 00:25:46.730 She said: I entered upon them 00:25:46.730 --> 00:25:48.730 and said, 00:25:48.730 --> 00:25:50.730 "O my father, how do you find yourself? 00:25:50.730 --> 00:25:52.730 And Bilal, how do you find yourself?" 00:25:52.730 --> 00:25:54.730 Whenever 00:25:54.730 --> 00:25:56.730 Abu Bakr was seized by 00:25:56.730 --> 00:25:58.730 the fever, he would recite: 00:25:58.730 --> 00:26:00.730 "Every man is greeted with good morning 00:26:00.730 --> 00:26:02.730 among his family, 00:26:02.730 --> 00:26:04.730 yet death is nearer to him than the strap of his sandal." 00:26:04.730 --> 00:26:06.789 And whenever the fever 00:26:06.789 --> 00:26:08.789 subsided from Bilal, 00:26:08.789 --> 00:26:10.789 he would raise his voice and recite: 00:26:10.789 --> 00:26:12.819 "Would that 00:26:12.819 --> 00:26:14.819 I knew whether I shall spend 00:26:14.819 --> 00:26:16.819 a night in a valley 00:26:16.819 --> 00:26:18.819 surrounded by Idhkhir and Jalil; 00:26:18.819 --> 00:26:20.819 and whether I shall go down 00:26:20.819 --> 00:26:22.819 one day to the waters of Majannah, 00:26:22.819 --> 00:26:24.819 and whether Shama 00:26:24.819 --> 00:26:27.079 and Tafil will ever appear to me!" 00:26:27.079 --> 00:26:29.079 He would say: 00:26:29.079 --> 00:26:31.079 "O Allah, curse Shaybah 00:26:31.079 --> 00:26:33.079 ibn Rabi'ah, 'Utbah, 00:26:33.079 --> 00:26:35.079 and Umayyah ibn Khalaf, 00:26:35.079 --> 00:26:37.079 just as they drove us 00:26:37.079 --> 00:26:39.079 from our land to the land of pestilence." 00:26:39.079 --> 00:26:41.299 Then the Messenger 00:26:41.299 --> 00:26:43.299 of Allah (peace be upon him) said— 00:26:43.299 --> 00:26:45.299 and in another narration: 00:26:45.299 --> 00:26:47.299 'A'ishah said: 00:26:47.299 --> 00:26:49.299 So I went to the Messenger of Allah 00:26:49.299 --> 00:26:51.299 (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 00:26:51.299 --> 00:26:53.299 and informed him, 00:26:53.299 --> 00:26:55.339 so he said: "O Allah, 00:26:55.339 --> 00:26:57.339 make Medina beloved to us 00:26:57.339 --> 00:26:59.339 as our love for Mecca or even more! 00:26:59.339 --> 00:27:01.369 O Allah, bless 00:27:01.369 --> 00:27:03.369 us in our sa' 00:27:03.369 --> 00:27:05.529 and in our mudd—" 00:27:05.529 --> 00:27:07.529 and in a narration: 00:27:07.529 --> 00:27:09.529 "and bless us in its sa' 00:27:09.529 --> 00:27:11.690 and its mudd; 00:27:11.690 --> 00:27:13.690 make it healthy for us, 00:27:13.690 --> 00:27:15.690 and transfer its fever 00:27:15.690 --> 00:27:17.849 to al-Juhfah." 00:27:17.849 --> 00:27:19.849 She said: We arrived in Medina 00:27:19.849 --> 00:27:21.880 when it was the most epidemic-ridden land of Allah. 00:27:21.880 --> 00:27:23.880 She said: 00:27:23.880 --> 00:27:25.880 But-han used to flow with stagnant, putrid water— 00:27:25.880 --> 00:27:27.880 meaning foul water. 00:27:27.880 --> 00:27:30.549 Commentary 00:27:30.549 --> 00:27:33.000 on the hadith: 00:27:33.000 --> 00:27:35.000 "Wa'k": meaning he was stricken by fever 00:27:35.000 --> 00:27:37.130 and its pain. 00:27:37.130 --> 00:27:39.130 "Musabbah" (greeted in the morning): one says 00:27:39.130 --> 00:27:41.130 to him, "May Allah grant you a good morning," 00:27:41.130 --> 00:27:43.130 and "May Allah the Exalted bless 00:27:43.130 --> 00:27:45.130 your morning," yet death 00:27:45.130 --> 00:27:47.130 may overtake him suddenly so that he does not live to see the evening. 00:27:47.130 --> 00:27:49.220 "Adna": 00:27:49.220 --> 00:27:51.220 meaning closer 00:27:51.220 --> 00:27:53.220 than the strap of his sandal, 00:27:53.220 --> 00:27:55.220 referring to the straps of the sandal that lie 00:27:55.220 --> 00:27:57.259 across its top surface. 00:27:57.259 --> 00:27:59.259 "The fever left him" 00:27:59.259 --> 00:28:01.259 means it subsided and departed from him. 00:28:01.259 --> 00:28:03.259 "He raises his voice" 00:28:03.259 --> 00:28:05.259 means he lifts his voice 00:28:05.259 --> 00:28:07.259 when singing, reciting, 00:28:07.259 --> 00:28:09.380 or weeping. 00:28:09.380 --> 00:28:11.380 "Would that I knew!" 00:28:11.380 --> 00:28:13.380 is an expression of wishing. 00:28:13.380 --> 00:28:15.380 "Whether I will spend the night," meaning whether I will sleep, 00:28:15.380 --> 00:28:17.380 "Idhkhir and Jalil" 00:28:17.380 --> 00:28:19.380 are two well-known aromatic plants. 00:28:19.380 --> 00:28:21.380 "Whether I will arrive at," 00:28:21.380 --> 00:28:23.380 derived from arriving at a watering place. 00:28:23.380 --> 00:28:25.380 "Majannah" 00:28:25.380 --> 00:28:27.380 is a watering place near 'Ukaz, 00:28:27.380 --> 00:28:29.380 a few miles from Mecca 00:28:29.380 --> 00:28:31.380 in the direction of Marr al-Zahran. 00:28:31.380 --> 00:28:33.380 "Appear" 00:28:33.380 --> 00:28:35.380 means to become visible to me. 00:28:35.380 --> 00:28:37.380 "Shamah and Tafil" 00:28:37.380 --> 00:28:39.380 are two mountains, 00:28:39.380 --> 00:28:41.380 and it is said they are two springs. 00:28:41.380 --> 00:28:43.420 "And make it healthy" 00:28:43.420 --> 00:28:45.420 means purify Medina from 00:28:45.420 --> 00:28:47.450 diseases. 00:28:47.450 --> 00:28:49.450 Al-Juhfah is a place 00:28:49.450 --> 00:28:51.450 about three stages of travel from Mecca. 00:28:51.450 --> 00:28:53.509 "Most plagued with sickness" 00:28:53.509 --> 00:28:55.509 means plagued with many diseases and fevers. 00:28:55.509 --> 00:28:57.579 But-han 00:28:57.579 --> 00:28:59.579 is a valley in the open country of 00:28:59.579 --> 00:29:01.670 Medina. 00:29:01.670 --> 00:29:03.670 "Najlan" means wide. 00:29:03.670 --> 00:29:05.740 "Ajinan" 00:29:05.740 --> 00:29:07.740 means altered in taste and color. 00:29:07.740 --> 00:29:10.019 Among the benefits 00:29:10.019 --> 00:29:12.819 of the hadith: 00:29:12.819 --> 00:29:14.819 It is derived from the hadith 00:29:14.819 --> 00:29:16.819 that the virtue of Abu Bakr 00:29:16.819 --> 00:29:18.819 (may Allah be pleased with him) is clarified, along with 00:29:18.819 --> 00:29:20.819 his high rank in being pleased with Allah's 00:29:20.819 --> 00:29:22.859 divine decree. 00:29:22.859 --> 00:29:24.859 It also demonstrates the virtue of supplication, 00:29:24.859 --> 00:29:26.859 and that praying for the removal of 00:29:26.859 --> 00:29:28.859 epidemics and illness is a Sunnah, 00:29:28.859 --> 00:29:30.859 whether the epidemic is 00:29:30.859 --> 00:29:32.920 widespread or confined to specific individuals. 00:29:32.920 --> 00:29:34.920 It also proves the permissibility of this 00:29:34.920 --> 00:29:36.920 type of chanting mentioned 00:29:36.920 --> 00:29:38.920 in the narration. 00:29:38.920 --> 00:29:40.920 It shows the permissibility of virtuous people 00:29:40.920 --> 00:29:42.920 reciting poetry as an example. 00:29:42.920 --> 00:29:44.920 It shows that praying for physical health 00:29:44.920 --> 00:29:46.920 and the removal of afflictions 00:29:46.920 --> 00:29:48.920 does not contradict reliance on Allah, certainty of faith, 00:29:48.920 --> 00:29:50.920 contentment, and patience. 00:29:50.920 --> 00:29:52.920 The narration also contains an indication 00:29:52.920 --> 00:29:54.920 that death is an inevitable reality 00:29:54.920 --> 00:29:56.920 that every living soul must face. 00:29:56.920 --> 00:29:58.920 It also demonstrates the legitimacy 00:29:58.920 --> 00:30:00.920 of loving one's homeland and yearning 00:30:00.920 --> 00:30:02.920 for it. 00:30:02.920 --> 00:30:04.920 Furthermore, the hadith is one of the signs of Prophethood; 00:30:04.920 --> 00:30:06.920 for everyone who has lived in Medina 00:30:06.920 --> 00:30:08.920 has witnessed the blessing of its Sa' 00:30:08.920 --> 00:30:10.920 and its Mudd. 00:30:10.920 --> 00:30:12.920 It also highlights the great blessing of good health. 00:30:12.920 --> 00:30:16.900 On the authority of 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:30:16.900 --> 00:30:18.900 who said: 00:30:18.900 --> 00:30:20.900 "O Allah, grant me martyrdom 00:30:20.900 --> 00:30:22.900 in Your cause, 00:30:22.900 --> 00:30:24.900 and make my death be in the city of Your Messenger, 00:30:24.900 --> 00:30:26.900 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him." 00:30:26.900 --> 00:30:29.319 Commentary 00:30:29.319 --> 00:30:31.640 on the hadith: 00:30:31.640 --> 00:30:33.640 "In the city of Your Messenger, 00:30:33.640 --> 00:30:35.640 peace be upon him," 00:30:35.640 --> 00:30:38.019 refers to Medina. 00:30:38.019 --> 00:30:40.789 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:30:40.789 --> 00:30:42.789 It is derived from the hadith 00:30:42.789 --> 00:30:44.789 that wishing for martyrdom is permissible, 00:30:44.789 --> 00:30:46.789 as is wishing to die 00:30:46.789 --> 00:30:48.789 in blessed places. 00:30:48.789 --> 00:30:50.789 It also highlights the virtue of 'Umar, 00:30:50.789 --> 00:30:52.789 may Allah be pleased with him, 00:30:52.789 --> 00:30:54.789 and the virtue of Medina. 00:30:54.789 --> 00:30:56.789 It likewise demonstrates the excellence of jihad 00:30:56.789 --> 00:30:58.789 and martyrdom in the cause of Allah Almighty.