Riyadh al-Salehin from the words of the Master of Messengers, may God bless him and grant him peace
Chapter on the prohibition of hearing backbiting
Anyone who hears forbidden backbiting is commanded to reject it and denounce the one who said it
If he is unable or does not accept it, leave the session if possible
God Almighty said
If they hear the nonsense, they turn away from it
And the Almighty said
And those who turn away from idle talk
And the Almighty said
Hearing, sight, and heart were all responsible for him
And the Almighty said
And when you see those who delve into Our verses, turn away from them until they delve into a different hadith
Or he forgets that you are Satan, so do not sit after the remembrance with the unjust people
On the authority of Abu Darda, may God be pleased with him
On the authority of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, he said
Whoever responds to his brother's offer
God will remove the fire from his face on the Day of Resurrection
Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi
One of the benefits of talking
Whoever hears a Muslim’s backbiting should reject it and rebuke the person who said it
Whoever cannot leave the council
Defending a Muslim and preserving his honor is a way to escape the torment of Hell on the Day of Resurrection
It explains the severity of the virtue of one who prevents backbiting and deters the backbiter
Maximizing the sanctity of a Muslim
And a statement of the crime of those who violated it in word or deed
Muslim society is cohesive like a solid structure
They pull each other together
Because Muslims are brothers in faith
On the authority of Itban bin Malik, may God be pleased with him
In his long and famous speech presented in the chapter on hope
He said the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, stood up and prayed
He said, “Where is Malik bin Al-Dakhsham?”
A man said: He is a hypocrite who does not love God or His Messenger
The Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, said
Don't say that
Don't you see that he said there is no god but God?
He wants the face of God
God has forbidden Hellfire from anyone who says there is no god but God
By doing so he seeks the face of God
Agreed
On the authority of Kaab bin Malik, may God be pleased with him, in his long hadith
In the story of his repentance
It was mentioned previously in the chapter on repentance
He said
The Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, said
He was sitting among the people in Tabuk
What did Ka'b bin Malik do?
A man from Bani Salamah said
O Messenger of God
Holding him with his garment and looking at me with compassion
Moaz bin Jabal, may God be pleased with him, said to him
What you said is bad
By God, O Messenger of God
We did nothing but good for him
The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, remained silent
Agreed
In turn, that is, aside
It is an indication of his admiration for himself
Chapter on what is permissible through backbiting
Know that backbiting is permitted for a valid, legitimate purpose
It can only be accessed with it
There are six reasons
The first is the grievance
It is permissible for the oppressed person to file a grievance with the ruler, the judge, and others who have jurisdiction or the ability to bring justice to him from his oppressor.
He says: So-and-so wronged me by doing so
The second is to seek help in changing the evil and returning the sinner to the right path
He says to the one who hopes to be able to remove evil
So-and-so does this
So he rebuked him and so on
Its purpose is to remove evil
If he did not intend to do so, it is forbidden
Third, the referendum
He says to the mufti
My father, my brother, my husband, or so-and-so wronged me in this way
So does he have that?
What is my way of getting rid of it?
Obtaining my rights, repelling injustice, and so on
This is permissible if necessary
But it is safer and better to say
What do you say about a man, person, or husband who was in such and such a situation?
It achieves its purpose without specifying it
However, appointment is permissible
We will also mention it in Hind’s hadith, God willing
The fourth is to warn Muslims against evil and advise them
This is in many ways
Including the wounded narrators and witnesses
This is permissible according to Muslim consensus
Rather, it is necessary due to need
Including consultation regarding marriage or partnership with a person
Or deposit it, or deal with it, or otherwise, or be adjacent to it
The counselor must not hide the situation
Rather, he mentions the equalities in the structure of advice
Among them, if he sees someone who agrees with them, he hesitates to go to an innovator
Or a sinner who takes knowledge from him
He feared that the agreement would be harmed by this
He should advise him to explain his situation
Provided that he intends advice
This is what he is wrong about
The speaker may be carrying envy
And Satan puts that on him
He thinks it is advice
Let him wait for it
Among them is that he has a mandate that he does not fulfill in its proper form
Either it is not suitable for her
Either he is a sinner or a fool or something like that
This must be mentioned to whoever has general guardianship over him
To remove it and appoint someone who will fix it
Or he learns that from him so that he can treat him according to his condition and not be deceived by him
And he should strive to encourage him to be righteous
Or replace it
To be open about his immorality or heresy
Such as making people drink alcohol openly and confiscating people
And he took the ex-tax and collected the money unjustly
And take on false matters
It is permissible to mention him in what he says openly
It is forbidden to mention him with any other faults
Unless there is another reason for its permissibility than what we mentioned
If a person is known by a nickname
Such as the blind, the lame, and the deaf
The blind, the cross-eyed, and others
It is permissible to introduce them to that
It is forbidden to use it to criticize it
If it could be defined otherwise, it is or is not
These are six reasons mentioned by scholars
Most of them are agreed upon
Its evidence is from well-known authentic hadiths
It is so
On the authority of Aisha, may God be pleased with her
A man asked permission from the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace
So he said, “Give him permission, what a miserable brother of the clan.”
Agreed
Al-Bukhari cited it as evidence for the permissibility of the backbiting of corrupt and suspicious people
One of the benefits of talking
It is permissible to mention people of corruption and suspicion
Therefore, Al-Bukhari translated saying:
Chapter on what is permissible to backbite people of corruption and suspicion
The one who reveals immorality and evil
What is mentioned about him is not a reprehensible backbiting
What the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, said about his nation regarding the things he calls them
And adds it to them from the macro
It is not backbiting
Anyone who learns obscenity in others
He thought that a third would be deceived by this obscene act
He must advise him, advise him, and warn him against it
On the authority of Aisha, may God be pleased with her, she said
The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said
I don't think so-and-so knows anything about our religion
Narrated by Al-Bukhari
Laith bin Saad, one of the narrators of this hadith, said:
These two men were hypocrites
One of the benefits of talking
The Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, did not know all the hypocrites
Because he said it as a matter of conjecture
A statement that some suspicion is permissible
Because it is in the form of a warning
Like the two men
Therefore, Al-Bukhari translated his book on literature
Chapter on permissible suspicion
It is permissible to reveal the condition of someone known for hypocrisy
Forbidden suspicion
Rather, it is the bad opinion of a Muslim who is sound in his religion and honor
On the authority of Fatima bint Qais, may God be pleased with her, she said
I came to the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, and said:
Abu Al-Jahm and Muawiyah engaged me
The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, said
As for Muawiyah, he is a poor man who has no money
As for Abi Al-Jahm, he does not put the stick on his shoulder
Agreed
And in a narration by Muslim
As for Abi Al-Jahm, it is a women's clothing
It is an interpretation of a novel that does not take the stick off its shoulders
It was said that it means a lot of travel
The tramp, meaning the poor
One of the benefits of talking
It is permissible to hear the words of a foreigner and a foreigner during a referendum or the like
It is permissible to propose to someone else
If the first one does not get an answer
It is permissible to mention the absent person, including his defects that he dislikes
If it is for advice
In that case, backbiting would not be forbidden
Because who was consulted?
He must speak the truth and give advice
This is not due to backbiting
Because he did not intend it to poke fun at him, nor to heal his anger, nor to harm him
The desirability of guiding a person to his own interests, even if he dislikes it
Accept the advice of virtuous people
And obey their advice
And its outcome is praiseworthy
It is desirable to give preference to marrying a wealthy man over his family
It is desirable to marry a man who rarely hits his wife or who travels little
According to the interpretation that he does not put the staff on his shoulder, i.e. he travels a lot
The advisor may refer to someone other than the one whom he consulted
Because he, may God bless him and grant him peace, pointed to his name
Only Abu Jahm and Muawiyah were mentioned to him
On the authority of Zaid bin Arqam, may God be pleased with him, he said:
We went out with the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, on a journey during which people were afflicted with hardship
Abdullah bin Abi said
Do not spend on those with the Messenger of God until they disperse
And he said
If we return to Medina, the more honorable will expel from it the meaner
I came to the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, and told him about that
So he sent to Abdullah bin Abi
So he worked hard to do what he did
And they said
Zaid, the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, lied
What they said struck me with distress
Until God Almighty revealed my belief
If hypocrites come to you
Then the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, called them to ask forgiveness for them
They twisted their heads
He agreed with me
They shake off, that is, they separate from him
The intensity of any severe distress
They twisted, that is, they turned away
One of the benefits of talking
It is permissible to abandon the fault of the pride of the people due to lapses
Because it does not alienate their followers
Limit yourself to blaming them and accepting their excuses
And confirm their oaths
Even if the evidence indicates otherwise
Because of the humanization and composition that it entails
It is permissible to communicate what is not permissible to be reported
It is not gossip
Unless he meant absolute corruption
He did not entrust it to himself
Rather, his strength and innocence
Make an article for him
God also revealed these verses regarding the hypocrites
In confirmation of Zaid bin Arqam, may God be pleased with him
Revealing the worst hypocrites
On the authority of Aisha, may God be pleased with her, she said
Hind, Abu Sufyana’s wife, said to the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace
Abu Sufyan is a stingy man
He does not give me enough for me and my child
Except what I took from him and he did not know
He said
Take what is sufficient for you and your child, according to what is reasonable
Agreed
Stinginess, miserliness, and caution
With favor
Meaning, without extravagance or frugality
One of the benefits of talking
It is permissible for a person to mention something that he does not like
If it is in the form of a referendum or the like
It is permissible for one of the two parties to be heard in the absence of the other
It is permissible to listen to a foreign woman’s speech about rulings and fatwas
The wife’s statement regarding receiving alimony
Because he, may God bless him and grant him peace, did not ask her for clarification
Spousal support is obligatory and it is sufficient
The husband must provide for the woman’s child
It is permissible to eliminate the absent person
It is permissible for a woman to take care of her children, sponsor them, and spend on them
Implementing custom in matters that are not defined by Sharia law
If the man does not spend
A woman has the right to take from her husband’s money, without his permission, what is sufficient for her and her dependents
It is permissible for a wife to leave her husband’s house for a need
If he gives her permission or knows that he is satisfied with it
Riyadh Al-Salehin