WEBVTT 00:00:00.850 --> 00:00:04.799 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:04.799 --> 00:00:11.779 The Lives of the Salaf Between Word and Deed. 00:00:11.779 --> 00:00:15.279 Piety toward Allah and Its Impact on the Muslim. 00:00:15.279 --> 00:00:20.070 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: 00:00:20.070 --> 00:00:25.070 "Be more concerned with the acceptance of an action than with the action itself." 00:00:25.070 --> 00:00:29.070 "For no action performed with piety is ever small," 00:00:29.070 --> 00:00:33.520 "and how could an action that is accepted be considered small?" 00:00:33.520 --> 00:00:38.520 Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said concerning the verse of Allah Almighty: 00:00:38.520 --> 00:00:40.520 ◁ ...be mindful of Allah as He deserves to be minded... ▷ 00:00:40.520 --> 00:00:44.549 He said: "It means that He is obeyed and not disobeyed," 00:00:44.549 --> 00:00:46.549 "remembered and not forgotten," 00:00:46.549 --> 00:00:49.549 "and thanked and not disbelieved." 00:00:49.549 --> 00:00:52.939 Narrated 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her): 00:00:52.939 --> 00:00:57.939 She wrote to Mu'awiyah Ibn Abi Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him and his father): 00:00:57.939 --> 00:01:01.939 "If you fear Allah, He will suffice you against the people." 00:01:01.939 --> 00:01:03.939 "But if you fear the people," 00:01:03.939 --> 00:01:07.939 "they will avail you nothing against Allah." 00:01:07.939 --> 00:01:09.939 "So fear Allah." 00:01:09.939 --> 00:01:14.480 Abdullah Ibn al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) said: 00:01:14.480 --> 00:01:18.480 "Indeed, the people of piety have signs by which they are known," 00:01:18.480 --> 00:01:21.480 "and by which they recognize it within themselves:" 00:01:21.480 --> 00:01:23.609 "whoever shows patience in times of affliction," 00:01:23.609 --> 00:01:25.609 "is pleased with the divine decree," 00:01:25.609 --> 00:01:27.609 "gives thanks for blessings," 00:01:27.609 --> 00:01:30.609 "and humbles himself before the rulings of the Qur'an." 00:01:30.609 --> 00:01:34.060 Qatadah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: 00:01:34.060 --> 00:01:38.060 "Whoever fears Allah, Allah is with him." 00:01:38.060 --> 00:01:41.120 "And whoever has Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, with him," 00:01:41.120 --> 00:01:44.120 "has with him the party that can never be defeated," 00:01:44.120 --> 00:01:47.120 "the guardian who never sleeps," 00:01:47.120 --> 00:01:50.120 "and the guide who never strays." 00:01:50.120 --> 00:01:53.599 When the rebellion of Ibn al-Ash'ath occurred, 00:01:53.599 --> 00:01:57.599 Talq Ibn Habib (may Allah have mercy on him) said: 00:01:57.599 --> 00:01:59.599 "Protect yourselves from it with piety." 00:02:00.599 --> 00:02:02.700 It was said to him: 00:02:02.700 --> 00:02:04.700 "Describe piety to us." 00:02:04.700 --> 00:02:06.700 He replied: 00:02:06.700 --> 00:02:09.699 "Piety is acting in obedience to Allah," 00:02:09.699 --> 00:02:11.699 "upon light from Allah," 00:02:11.699 --> 00:02:13.699 "hoping for the mercy of Allah." 00:02:13.699 --> 00:02:16.759 "And it is abandoning disobedience to Allah," 00:02:16.759 --> 00:02:18.759 "upon light from Allah," 00:02:18.759 --> 00:02:20.759 "fearing the punishment of Allah." 00:02:20.759 --> 00:02:24.110 Al-Dhahabi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: 00:02:24.110 --> 00:02:26.110 "He spoke masterfully and concisely." 00:02:26.110 --> 00:02:29.110 "For there is no piety except through deed," 00:02:29.110 --> 00:02:34.110 "and no deed except through careful reflection upon knowledge and adherence to guidance." 00:02:34.110 --> 00:02:38.110 "And none of that profits except through sincerity to Allah," 00:02:38.110 --> 00:02:43.240 "not so that it is said, 'So-and-so abandons sins through the light of fiqh,'" 00:02:43.240 --> 00:02:48.240 "since avoiding sins requires knowledge of them;" 00:02:48.240 --> 00:02:51.240 "rather, the abandonment must be out of fear of Allah," 00:02:51.240 --> 00:02:53.240 "not to be praised for abandoning them." 00:02:53.240 --> 00:02:58.560 "Whoever adheres continuously to this counsel has indeed succeeded." 00:02:58.560 --> 00:03:02.560 Salam Ibn Abi Muti'—or someone else—said: 00:03:02.560 --> 00:03:09.560 "Yunus Ibn 'Ubayd (may Allah have mercy on him) was not the most frequent among them in prayer or fasting," 00:03:09.560 --> 00:03:13.560 "yet, by Allah, no right due to Allah ever presented itself" 00:03:13.560 --> 00:03:16.560 "except that he was fully prepared for it." 00:03:16.560 --> 00:03:21.009 'Umar Ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) said: 00:03:21.009 --> 00:03:23.009 "The pious person is bridled;" 00:03:23.009 --> 00:03:26.009 "he cannot do everything he desires." 00:03:26.009 --> 00:03:30.360 Dawud al-Ta'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: 00:03:30.360 --> 00:03:36.419 "Allah never takes a servant out of the humiliation of disobedience into the honor of piety" 00:03:36.419 --> 00:03:39.419 "except that He enriches him without wealth," 00:03:39.419 --> 00:03:41.419 "grants him honor without a tribe," 00:03:41.419 --> 00:03:44.419 "and bestows upon him comfort without a companion." 00:03:44.419 --> 00:03:50.819 Apologizing and Returning to the Truth. 00:03:50.819 --> 00:03:56.550 Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) used to say: 00:03:56.550 --> 00:04:00.550 "Whoever wakes up in a state of major ritual impurity should break his fast that day." 00:04:00.550 --> 00:04:05.650 'A'ishah and Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with them) were asked about that, 00:04:05.650 --> 00:04:07.650 and 'A'ishah said: 00:04:07.650 --> 00:04:13.650 "The Prophet (peace be upon him) would wake up in a state of major ritual impurity and then continue his fast." 00:04:13.650 --> 00:04:17.779 When Abu Hurairah was informed of what she said, 00:04:17.779 --> 00:04:20.779 he said: "They know better," 00:04:20.779 --> 00:04:25.060 and he retracted what he used to say regarding that matter. 00:04:25.060 --> 00:04:28.060 Ibn Kathir (may Allah have mercy on him) said: 00:04:28.060 --> 00:04:32.060 Abdullah Ibn al-Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked about a issue, 00:04:32.060 --> 00:04:34.060 and he answered mistakenly. 00:04:34.060 --> 00:04:37.060 Someone said to him: 00:04:37.060 --> 00:04:40.060 "The ruling on it is such and such." 00:04:40.060 --> 00:04:42.060 He lowered his head for a moment, 00:04:42.060 --> 00:04:44.060 then said: 00:04:44.060 --> 00:04:47.060 "Then I retract my statement willingly and humbly." 00:04:47.060 --> 00:04:50.060 "For me to be a follower in the truth" 00:04:50.060 --> 00:04:54.060 "is more beloved to me than to be a leader in falsehood." 00:04:54.060 --> 00:04:56.259 He (may Allah have mercy on him) also said: 00:04:56.259 --> 00:05:00.259 "Al-Hafiz 'Abd al-Ghani compiled a book" 00:05:00.259 --> 00:05:03.259 "noting the errors of al-Hakim al-Nishapuri (may Allah have mercy on them)." 00:05:03.259 --> 00:05:05.350 May Allah have mercy on them. 00:05:05.350 --> 00:05:08.350 When al-Hakim examined it, 00:05:08.350 --> 00:05:10.350 he began reading it aloud to the people, 00:05:10.350 --> 00:05:13.350 acknowledging 'Abd al-Ghani's merit and knowledge, 00:05:13.350 --> 00:05:16.350 thanking him for compiling it, 00:05:16.350 --> 00:05:20.350 and retracting his own former views wherever the critique was correct. 00:05:20.350 --> 00:05:22.350 May Allah have mercy on them. 00:05:22.699 --> 00:05:27.699 'Izz al-Din Ibn 'Abd al-Salam (may Allah have mercy on him) issued a legal verdict, 00:05:27.699 --> 00:05:30.699 but it later became clear to him that he had erred. 00:05:30.699 --> 00:05:34.740 So he had it announced publicly throughout Fustat and Cairo: 00:05:34.740 --> 00:05:37.800 "Whoever received a legal verdict from so-and-so stating such and such," 00:05:37.800 --> 00:05:39.800 "let him not act upon it," 00:05:39.800 --> 00:05:44.550 "for it was an error." 00:05:44.550 --> 00:05:48.829 Condemnation of Fools and Ignoble People. 00:05:48.829 --> 00:05:52.829 'Umar Ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) said to his companions: 00:05:52.829 --> 00:05:55.860 "Tell me, who is the most foolish of people?" 00:05:55.860 --> 00:06:00.860 They said: "A man who sold his Hereafter for his worldly life." 00:06:00.860 --> 00:06:02.860 'Umar said: 00:06:02.860 --> 00:06:05.930 "Shall I inform you of one even more foolish than him?" 00:06:05.930 --> 00:06:07.930 They said: "Yes." 00:06:07.930 --> 00:06:12.930 He said: "A man who sold his Hereafter for someone else's worldly life." 00:06:12.930 --> 00:06:17.410 Wahb Ibn Munabbih (may Allah have mercy on him) said: 00:06:17.410 --> 00:06:21.410 "When the fool speaks, his foolishness exposes him." 00:06:21.410 --> 00:06:24.410 "When he remains silent, his inability to speak exposes him." 00:06:24.410 --> 00:06:26.410 "When he acts, he causes corruption." 00:06:26.410 --> 00:06:29.410 "When he leaves a matter, he neglects it." 00:06:29.410 --> 00:06:31.410 "His own knowledge does not help him," 00:06:31.410 --> 00:06:34.410 "nor does the knowledge of others benefit him." 00:06:34.410 --> 00:06:37.500 "His mother wishes she had lost him at birth," 00:06:37.500 --> 00:06:39.500 "his wife wishes she were without him," 00:06:39.500 --> 00:06:43.500 "his neighbor wishes to be far removed from him," 00:06:43.500 --> 00:06:46.500 "and his companion feels distress in his presence." 00:06:46.500 --> 00:06:50.980 Sufyan al-Thawri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: 00:06:50.980 --> 00:06:53.980 "We found that the root of all enmity" 00:06:53.980 --> 00:06:56.980 "is doing favors for the ignoble." 00:06:56.980 --> 00:07:00.459 Ibn al-Sammak (may Allah have mercy on him) said: 00:07:00.459 --> 00:07:04.459 "The concern of the wise person is salvation and escape," 00:07:04.459 --> 00:07:07.459 "while the concern of the fool is amusement and revelry." 00:07:07.459 --> 00:07:13.740 The Conduct of the Salaf in Debate. 00:07:13.740 --> 00:07:18.410 Salman Ibn Rabi'ah was asked about a matter of estate division, 00:07:18.410 --> 00:07:21.410 and 'Umar Ibn Sharahbil disagreed with him. 00:07:21.410 --> 00:07:25.439 Salman Ibn Rabi'ah became angry and raised his voice, 00:07:25.439 --> 00:07:28.439 so 'Umar Ibn Sharahbil said: 00:07:28.439 --> 00:07:32.569 "By Allah, you have no right to do that; Allah Almighty revealed it thus." 00:07:32.569 --> 00:07:36.569 So they came to Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:07:36.569 --> 00:07:40.569 and he said: "The correct view is what Abu Maysarah said." 00:07:40.569 --> 00:07:43.600 He then said to Salman: 00:07:43.600 --> 00:07:47.600 "You should not have become angry when a man offered you guidance." 00:07:47.600 --> 00:07:49.600 And he said to 'Umar: 00:07:49.600 --> 00:07:52.600 "You ought to have spoken to him privately," 00:07:52.600 --> 00:07:55.600 "and not refuted him while the people were listening." 00:07:55.600 --> 00:08:01.180 When Hatim al-Asamm (may Allah have mercy on him) entered Baghdad, 00:08:01.180 --> 00:08:04.180 its people gathered around him 00:08:04.180 --> 00:08:08.180 and said to him: "You are a non-Arab man," 00:08:08.180 --> 00:08:11.180 "yet no one debates you without you silencing him." 00:08:11.180 --> 00:08:14.300 "For what reason is that?" 00:08:14.300 --> 00:08:17.300 Hatim said: "I possess three qualities" 00:08:17.300 --> 00:08:20.300 "by which I prevail over my opponent." 00:08:20.300 --> 00:08:22.300 They asked: "What are they?" 00:08:22.300 --> 00:08:26.430 He said: "I rejoice when my opponent is correct," 00:08:26.430 --> 00:08:28.430 "I feel grieved when he errs," 00:08:28.430 --> 00:08:32.429 "and I restrain myself from acting ignorantly toward him." 00:08:32.879 --> 00:08:35.879 Al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: 00:08:35.879 --> 00:08:39.879 "I never debated anyone and wished that he would make a mistake." 00:08:39.879 --> 00:08:43.009 He (may Allah have mercy on him) also said: 00:08:43.009 --> 00:08:47.009 "I never debated anyone except with the intention of sincere advice." 00:08:47.009 --> 00:08:51.740 The Lives of the Salaf 00:08:51.740 --> 00:08:53.740 Between Word and Deed.