WEBVTT 00:00:00.080 --> 00:00:03.480 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.480 --> 00:00:06.459 Ifadah Center 00:00:06.459 --> 00:00:09.619 for Studies and Human Research 00:00:09.619 --> 00:00:11.900 presents 00:00:11.900 --> 00:00:17.690 *Abridged Sahih al-Bukhari* 00:00:17.690 --> 00:00:22.550 Chapter: Traveling with Copies of the Qur'an to Enemy Territory 00:00:22.550 --> 00:00:26.149 On the authority of 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), 00:00:26.149 --> 00:00:34.140 that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) forbade traveling with the Qur'an into enemy territory. 00:00:34.460 --> 00:00:38.070 Commentary on the hadith: 00:00:38.070 --> 00:00:40.750 "Forbade traveling with the Qur'an" 00:00:40.750 --> 00:00:43.880 means for fear that the enemy might capture it. 00:00:43.880 --> 00:00:47.460 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:00:47.460 --> 00:00:49.659 It is derived from the hadith 00:00:49.659 --> 00:00:55.619 that it is forbidden to travel with a copy of the Qur'an to a place where it is feared it might be subjected to desecration. 00:00:55.619 --> 00:00:57.899 His saying, "with the Qur'an," 00:00:57.899 --> 00:01:01.420 is proof that the Qur'an is contained within the copy of the *mushaf*. 00:01:01.420 --> 00:01:04.620 It also indicates that part of honoring the Noble Qur'an 00:01:04.659 --> 00:01:08.700 is not allowing the enemies of Allah to inflict any harm upon it. 00:01:10.939 --> 00:01:15.540 Chapter: What is Disliked Regarding Raising One's Voice in Takbir 00:01:15.540 --> 00:01:19.700 On the authority of Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: 00:01:19.700 --> 00:01:24.420 When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) raided Khaybar— 00:01:24.420 --> 00:01:26.099 or he said: 00:01:26.099 --> 00:01:30.340 when the Messenger of Allah set out— 00:01:30.340 --> 00:01:32.859 the people came upon a valley, 00:01:32.859 --> 00:01:35.939 and they raised their voices in *takbir*: 00:01:35.980 --> 00:01:37.739 "Allah is Most Great! 00:01:37.739 --> 00:01:39.620 Allah is Most Great! 00:01:39.620 --> 00:01:42.420 There is no deity worthy of worship except Allah!" 00:01:42.420 --> 00:01:46.299 So the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said— 00:01:46.299 --> 00:01:47.700 and in a narration: 00:01:47.700 --> 00:01:49.700 "O people! 00:01:49.700 --> 00:01:52.500 Be merciful to yourselves! 00:01:52.500 --> 00:01:56.659 For you are not calling upon one who is deaf or absent, 00:01:56.659 --> 00:02:00.420 but you are calling upon One Who is All-Hearing and Near." 00:02:00.420 --> 00:02:01.819 In another narration: 00:02:01.819 --> 00:02:04.140 "All-Hearing, All-Seeing." 00:02:04.140 --> 00:02:05.620 And in a narration: 00:02:05.659 --> 00:02:09.090 "All-Hearing, All-Seeing, and Near." 00:02:09.090 --> 00:02:11.090 "And He is with you." 00:02:11.090 --> 00:02:12.689 In a narration: 00:02:12.689 --> 00:02:16.259 "Blessed is His Name, and Exalted is His Majesty." 00:02:16.259 --> 00:02:21.419 "And I was behind the riding beast of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 00:02:21.419 --> 00:02:24.099 so he heard me saying: 00:02:24.099 --> 00:02:27.659 'There is no power nor strength except through Allah.' 00:02:27.659 --> 00:02:29.139 So he said to me: 00:02:29.139 --> 00:02:31.620 'O 'Abdullah ibn Qays!' 00:02:31.620 --> 00:02:34.819 I replied, 'At your service, O Messenger of Allah!' 00:02:34.819 --> 00:02:36.060 He said: 00:02:36.060 --> 00:02:41.379 'Shall I not direct you to a word that is a treasure from the treasures of Paradise?' 00:02:41.379 --> 00:02:43.939 I said, 'Yes, O Messenger of Allah! 00:02:43.939 --> 00:02:46.539 May my father and mother be sacrificed for you!' 00:02:46.539 --> 00:02:47.699 He said: 00:02:47.699 --> 00:02:52.379 ''There is no power nor strength except through Allah.'' 00:02:52.379 --> 00:02:55.900 Commentary on the hadith: 00:02:55.900 --> 00:02:57.020 "Set out" (*tawajjaha*) 00:02:57.020 --> 00:02:59.099 means he departed and went forth. 00:02:59.099 --> 00:03:00.180 "Came upon" (*ashrafa*) 00:03:00.180 --> 00:03:02.409 means they overlooked or came upon [a valley]. 00:03:02.409 --> 00:03:04.849 "Be merciful to yourselves" (*irba'u 'ala anfusikum*) 00:03:04.889 --> 00:03:09.900 means show gentleness to yourselves, be kind to yourselves, and refrain from overexertion. 00:03:09.900 --> 00:03:11.740 "You are not calling upon one who is deaf" 00:03:11.740 --> 00:03:13.460 means one who cannot hear. 00:03:13.460 --> 00:03:15.139 "Nor absent" 00:03:15.139 --> 00:03:18.270 means one who is not present or witnessing. 00:03:18.270 --> 00:03:21.389 "There is no power nor strength except through Allah" 00:03:21.389 --> 00:03:26.229 is a statement of submission, entrustment of affairs, and acknowledgment of helplessness, 00:03:26.229 --> 00:03:29.430 and that the servant possesses nothing alongside Allah, 00:03:29.430 --> 00:03:32.810 nor does he possess anything besides Him. 00:03:32.810 --> 00:03:35.050 "At your service, O Messenger of Allah" (*Labbaik*) 00:03:35.050 --> 00:03:38.219 means I am steadfast in obeying you. 00:03:38.219 --> 00:03:40.020 "Exalted is His Majesty" (*Ta'ala jadduhu*) 00:03:40.020 --> 00:03:44.020 refers to His supreme majesty and greatness. 00:03:44.020 --> 00:03:47.900 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:03:47.900 --> 00:03:50.020 It is derived from the hadith 00:03:50.020 --> 00:03:52.979 that it is disliked to raise one's voice excessively in supplication (*dua*). 00:03:52.979 --> 00:03:58.099 It also contains guidance to consistently recite "There is no power nor strength except through Allah," 00:03:58.099 --> 00:04:00.860 for through it heavy burdens are borne, 00:04:00.860 --> 00:04:02.939 terrors are endured, 00:04:02.939 --> 00:04:07.840 and high spiritual ranks are attained. 00:04:07.879 --> 00:04:12.069 Chapter: Saying Tasbih When Descending into a Valley 00:04:12.069 --> 00:04:16.420 On the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), he said: 00:04:16.420 --> 00:04:19.540 Whenever we ascended, we would proclaim *takbir* (*Allah-u Akbar*), 00:04:19.540 --> 00:04:21.500 and whenever we descended— 00:04:21.500 --> 00:04:22.860 and in a narration: 00:04:22.860 --> 00:04:24.339 descended downward (*tasawwabna*)— 00:04:24.339 --> 00:04:26.699 we would proclaim *tasbih* (*Subhan Allah*). 00:04:26.699 --> 00:04:30.120 Commentary on the hadith: 00:04:30.120 --> 00:04:31.839 "Whenever we ascended" 00:04:31.839 --> 00:04:36.839 means whenever we climbed a high place, such as a mountain or a hill. 00:04:36.839 --> 00:04:38.319 "We would proclaim *takbir*" 00:04:38.319 --> 00:04:41.269 means we said, "*Allah-u Akbar*." 00:04:41.269 --> 00:04:43.029 "And whenever we descended" 00:04:43.029 --> 00:04:46.670 means down to a low place, such as a valley bottom. 00:04:46.670 --> 00:04:48.230 "We would proclaim *tasbih*" 00:04:48.230 --> 00:04:50.829 means we said, "*Subhan Allah*." 00:04:50.829 --> 00:04:52.310 "Descended downward" (*tasawwabna*) 00:04:52.310 --> 00:04:54.269 means when we went downhill; 00:04:54.269 --> 00:04:57.399 *al-tasweeb* refers to descending. 00:04:57.399 --> 00:05:01.069 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:05:01.069 --> 00:05:03.149 It is derived from the hadith 00:05:03.149 --> 00:05:06.069 that it is recommended to say *takbir* when overlooking mountains, 00:05:06.069 --> 00:05:09.269 in consciousness of the grandeur of Allah Almighty, 00:05:09.269 --> 00:05:12.110 and that He is greater than all things; 00:05:12.110 --> 00:05:14.829 whereas saying *tasbih* in the depths of valleys 00:05:14.829 --> 00:05:17.990 is derived from the story of Yunus (peace be upon him) 00:05:17.990 --> 00:05:23.110 and his glorification of Allah in the belly of the whale. 00:05:23.110 --> 00:05:25.069 Chapter: Reward Written for the Traveler 00:05:25.069 --> 00:05:28.860 Equal to What He Used to Do While Resident 00:05:28.860 --> 00:05:31.139 On the authority of Abu Musa, he said: 00:05:31.139 --> 00:05:34.939 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:05:34.939 --> 00:05:37.899 "If a servant falls ill or travels, 00:05:37.899 --> 00:05:40.500 there is written for him the reward of what he used to do 00:05:40.540 --> 00:05:43.660 while resident and healthy." 00:05:43.660 --> 00:05:46.990 Commentary on the hadith: 00:05:46.990 --> 00:05:50.189 "Resident" means not traveling. 00:05:50.189 --> 00:05:54.259 "Healthy" means not sick. 00:05:54.259 --> 00:05:57.819 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:05:57.819 --> 00:05:59.819 It is derived from the hadith 00:05:59.819 --> 00:06:04.220 that one is guided to perform an abundance of acts of worship during times of health. 00:06:04.220 --> 00:06:08.699 The hadith also contains an indication to minimize travel without a necessity, 00:06:08.699 --> 00:06:13.220 because travel is a state wherein one is likely to fall short in fulfilling the rights of Allah Almighty. 00:06:13.220 --> 00:06:19.230 It also highlights the vastness of the mercy of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime. 00:06:19.230 --> 00:06:21.860 Chapter: Traveling Alone 00:06:21.860 --> 00:06:24.620 On the authority of Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), 00:06:24.620 --> 00:06:28.459 on the authority of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said: 00:06:28.459 --> 00:06:32.379 "If people knew what I know regarding traveling alone, 00:06:32.379 --> 00:06:36.639 no rider would ever travel by night alone." 00:06:36.639 --> 00:06:39.889 Commentary on the hadith: 00:06:39.970 --> 00:06:41.889 "Chapter: Traveling Alone" 00:06:41.889 --> 00:06:44.639 means without a companion alongside him. 00:06:44.639 --> 00:06:46.000 "What I know" 00:06:46.000 --> 00:06:49.839 refers to the expected harm that I know of. 00:06:49.839 --> 00:06:52.879 "Rider" means a traveler. 00:06:52.879 --> 00:06:56.420 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:06:56.420 --> 00:06:58.420 It is derived from the hadith 00:06:58.420 --> 00:07:00.899 that it is disliked to travel alone, 00:07:00.899 --> 00:07:04.019 except when a public benefit necessitates being alone— 00:07:04.019 --> 00:07:06.500 such as dispatching a spy or a scout— 00:07:06.500 --> 00:07:08.259 in which case there is no dislike. 00:07:08.259 --> 00:07:10.579 The hadith also points to the importance of seeking 00:07:10.579 --> 00:07:15.540 righteous companionship when traveling. 00:07:15.540 --> 00:07:19.310 Chapter: Participating in Jihad with the Permission of Both Parents 00:07:19.310 --> 00:07:23.629 On the authority of 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), he said: 00:07:23.629 --> 00:07:27.629 A man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 00:07:27.629 --> 00:07:30.189 and asked him for permission to join the *jihad*. 00:07:30.189 --> 00:07:33.670 He asked, "Are your parents alive?" 00:07:33.670 --> 00:07:35.310 The man replied, "Yes." 00:07:35.310 --> 00:07:39.540 He said, "Then strive in serving them both." 00:07:39.620 --> 00:07:43.009 Commentary on the hadith: 00:07:43.009 --> 00:07:48.699 "A man"—it is said that he was Jahimah ibn al-'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:07:48.699 --> 00:07:52.399 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:07:52.399 --> 00:07:54.399 It is derived from the hadith 00:07:54.399 --> 00:07:58.639 that dutifulness to parents is emphasized and their right is magnified, 00:07:58.639 --> 00:08:01.839 along with the immense reward for honoring them. 00:08:01.839 --> 00:08:04.639 The hadith is also evidence that parents 00:08:04.639 --> 00:08:06.959 have the right to prevent their child from participating in non-obligatory *jihad*, 00:08:06.959 --> 00:08:13.199 provided that it is not individually obligatory upon him and that both parents are Muslims. 00:08:13.199 --> 00:08:18.670 Chapter: What Has Been Said Regarding Bells and the Like on the Necks of Camels 00:08:18.670 --> 00:08:22.589 On the authority of Abu Bashir al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:08:22.589 --> 00:08:26.350 that he was with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 00:08:26.350 --> 00:08:28.189 on one of his journeys, 00:08:28.189 --> 00:08:30.829 while the people were at their night encampment. 00:08:30.829 --> 00:08:35.470 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) sent a messenger instructing: 00:08:35.470 --> 00:08:41.470 "Let no necklace of bowstring or necklace remain around the neck of any camel 00:08:41.470 --> 00:08:44.139 but that it must be cut off." 00:08:44.139 --> 00:08:47.470 Commentary on the hadith: 00:08:47.470 --> 00:08:52.509 A bell (*jaras*) is that which is attached to the neck of a riding beast and makes a sound. 00:08:52.509 --> 00:08:54.590 "Necklace of bowstring" 00:08:54.590 --> 00:09:00.269 refers to the bells or cords they used to hang on the necks of camels; 00:09:00.269 --> 00:09:01.470 and it is said 00:09:01.470 --> 00:09:04.590 that they used to put bowstrings around the necks of camels 00:09:04.590 --> 00:09:08.240 to protect them from the evil eye, according to their superstitious belief. 00:09:08.240 --> 00:09:11.889 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:09:11.889 --> 00:09:13.970 It is derived from the hadith 00:09:13.970 --> 00:09:19.090 that it is prohibited to place bells and bowstrings around the necks of livestock. 00:09:19.090 --> 00:09:23.330 The hadith also points to the prohibition of harming animals, 00:09:23.330 --> 00:09:29.070 because tying bowstrings around their necks may lead to strangulation when running fast. 00:09:29.070 --> 00:09:32.269 It also contains a prohibition against pre-Islamic custom (*Jahiliyyah*), 00:09:32.429 --> 00:09:36.830 including the belief that hanging bowstrings wards off the evil eye. 00:09:39.220 --> 00:09:42.220 Chapter: The Spy 00:09:42.220 --> 00:09:45.419 On the authority of 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: 00:09:45.419 --> 00:09:49.019 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) sent me, 00:09:49.019 --> 00:09:52.940 along with al-Zubayr and al-Miqdad ibn al-Aswad. 00:09:52.940 --> 00:09:54.379 In a narration: 00:09:54.379 --> 00:09:58.700 "The Prophet (peace be upon him) sent me and al-Zubayr." 00:09:58.700 --> 00:10:00.299 And in another narration: 00:10:00.379 --> 00:10:03.500 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) sent me, 00:10:03.500 --> 00:10:07.179 Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi, and al-Zubayr." 00:10:07.179 --> 00:10:08.379 He said: 00:10:08.379 --> 00:10:12.059 "Proceed until you reach Rawdat Khakh, 00:10:12.059 --> 00:10:15.580 for there is a woman riding a camel there who has a letter with her, 00:10:15.580 --> 00:10:17.789 so take it from her." 00:10:17.789 --> 00:10:19.230 In a narration: 00:10:19.230 --> 00:10:22.029 "For there is a woman from the polytheists there 00:10:22.029 --> 00:10:27.360 carrying a letter from Hatib ibn Abi Balta'ah to the polytheists." 00:10:27.360 --> 00:10:30.399 So we set off, our horses galloping at full speed, 00:10:30.399 --> 00:10:32.960 until we reached the garden (*al-Rawdah*), 00:10:32.960 --> 00:10:35.659 and there we found the woman riding the camel. 00:10:35.659 --> 00:10:38.940 So we said, "Produce the letter!" 00:10:38.940 --> 00:10:42.460 She replied, "I have no letter with me." 00:10:42.460 --> 00:10:45.659 We said, "You will certainly produce the letter, 00:10:45.659 --> 00:10:48.220 or we will strip off your clothes!" 00:10:48.220 --> 00:10:51.250 So she extracted it from her braid. 00:10:51.250 --> 00:10:52.610 In a narration: 00:10:52.610 --> 00:10:54.850 "or I will strip you bare!" 00:10:54.850 --> 00:10:57.700 So she extracted it from her waist-wrapper. 00:10:57.779 --> 00:11:02.259 We then brought it to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:11:02.259 --> 00:11:03.860 And behold, it contained: 00:11:03.860 --> 00:11:09.460 "From Hatib ibn Abi Balta'ah to certain people among the polytheists of Mecca..." 00:11:09.460 --> 00:11:14.590 informing them of some of the Messenger of Allah's plans. 00:11:14.590 --> 00:11:18.509 So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:11:18.509 --> 00:11:21.539 "O Hatib, what is this?" 00:11:21.539 --> 00:11:23.059 In a narration: 00:11:23.059 --> 00:11:26.080 "What induced you to do what you did?" 00:11:26.080 --> 00:11:27.120 He said: 00:11:27.120 --> 00:11:28.559 "O Messenger of Allah, 00:11:28.559 --> 00:11:30.559 do not be hasty with me. 00:11:30.559 --> 00:11:33.759 I was a man attached to the Quraysh by alliance, 00:11:33.759 --> 00:11:36.480 but I was not one of their native kin. 00:11:36.480 --> 00:11:39.039 Meanwhile, the Emigrants with you 00:11:39.039 --> 00:11:44.399 have relatives in Mecca who protect their families and wealth through them. 00:11:44.399 --> 00:11:48.320 So I wished, since I lacked that lineage among them, 00:11:48.320 --> 00:11:52.720 to gain a favor with them by which they might protect my kinship. 00:11:52.720 --> 00:11:55.759 I did not do this out of disbelief, nor apostasy, 00:11:55.840 --> 00:11:59.500 nor out of approval of disbelief after accepting Islam." 00:11:59.500 --> 00:12:03.259 Thereupon, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:12:03.259 --> 00:12:05.419 "He has spoken the truth to you." 00:12:05.419 --> 00:12:06.779 In a narration: 00:12:06.779 --> 00:12:07.820 "He has spoken the truth." 00:12:07.820 --> 00:12:11.379 "And do not say anything to him except good." 00:12:11.379 --> 00:12:12.740 'Umar said: 00:12:12.740 --> 00:12:14.419 "O Messenger of Allah, 00:12:14.419 --> 00:12:17.980 let me strike the neck of this hypocrite!" 00:12:17.980 --> 00:12:19.100 He replied: 00:12:19.100 --> 00:12:21.740 "He indeed attended Badr! 00:12:21.740 --> 00:12:28.379 And how do you know—perhaps Allah looked upon the people of Badr and said: 00:12:28.379 --> 00:12:32.539 'Do as you wish, for I have forgiven you'?" 00:12:32.539 --> 00:12:33.980 In a narration: 00:12:33.980 --> 00:12:36.620 "'Paradise has become guaranteed for you,' 00:12:36.620 --> 00:12:39.419 or 'for I have forgiven you'." 00:12:39.419 --> 00:12:41.580 Tears welled in 'Umar's eyes, 00:12:41.580 --> 00:12:43.019 and he said: 00:12:43.019 --> 00:12:45.980 "Allah and His Messenger know best." 00:12:45.980 --> 00:12:47.500 And in a narration: 00:12:47.500 --> 00:12:49.740 So Allah revealed the Surah... 00:12:49.740 --> 00:12:56.299 “O ye who believe! Choose not My enemy and your enemy for allies. Do ye give them friendship when they disbelieve in that truth which hath come unto you, driving out the messenger and you because ye believe in Allah, your Lord? If ye have come forth to strive in My way and seeking My good pleasure, (show them not friendship). Do ye show friendship unto them in secret, when I am Best Aware of what ye hide and what ye proclaim? And whosoever doeth it among you, he verily hath strayed from the right way.” (60:1) 00:12:56.299 --> 00:13:03.500 “O ye who believe! Choose not My enemy and your enemy for allies. Do ye give them friendship when they disbelieve in that truth which hath come unto you, driving out the messenger and you because ye believe in Allah, your Lord? If ye have come forth to strive in My way and seeking My good pleasure, (show them not friendship). Do ye show friendship unto them in secret, when I am Best Aware of what ye hide and what ye proclaim? And whosoever doeth it among you, he verily hath strayed from the right way.” (60:1) 00:13:03.500 --> 00:13:04.940 up to His saying: 00:13:04.940 --> 00:13:09.340 "...he has indeed strayed from the soundness of the way." 00:13:09.340 --> 00:13:12.929 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:13:12.929 --> 00:13:14.450 "The spy" (al-jasus): 00:13:14.450 --> 00:13:18.539 One who is sent to investigate the secret affairs of the enemy. 00:13:18.539 --> 00:13:19.899 "Proceed" (intaliqu): 00:13:19.980 --> 00:13:22.139 Meaning: Go quickly. 00:13:22.139 --> 00:13:23.659 "Rawdat Khakh": 00:13:23.659 --> 00:13:26.940 A location situated between Mecca and Medina. 00:13:26.940 --> 00:13:27.980 "A woman traveler" (da'inah): 00:13:27.980 --> 00:13:30.139 A woman traveling in a camel litter (hawdaj). 00:13:30.139 --> 00:13:32.220 Her name was Sarah; 00:13:32.220 --> 00:13:34.220 it is also said Ummu Sarah, 00:13:34.220 --> 00:13:36.659 among other opinions. 00:13:36.659 --> 00:13:38.820 "Our horses raced along with us" (tu'ada bina khailuna): 00:13:38.820 --> 00:13:41.539 Meaning: sprinted and galloped together. 00:13:41.539 --> 00:13:43.620 "Or we will strip off your clothes": 00:13:43.620 --> 00:13:46.340 Meaning: We will strip you bare of your garments. 00:13:46.340 --> 00:13:49.139 They said this as a threat. 00:13:49.139 --> 00:13:50.740 "From her braid" ('iqasiha): 00:13:50.740 --> 00:13:53.379 Meaning: From her braided hair. 00:13:53.379 --> 00:13:55.620 "Certain people among the polytheists": 00:13:55.620 --> 00:13:57.940 It is said they were Safwan ibn Umayyah, 00:13:57.940 --> 00:13:59.539 Suhayl ibn 'Amr, 00:13:59.539 --> 00:14:02.100 and 'Ikrimah ibn Abi Jahl. 00:14:02.100 --> 00:14:06.100 "Some of the Messenger of Allah's plans": 00:14:06.100 --> 00:14:08.740 Namely, his intention to launch a military expedition against them. 00:14:08.740 --> 00:14:10.500 "Do not be hasty with me": 00:14:10.500 --> 00:14:14.019 Meaning: Give me a moment until I tell you the true story. 00:14:14.019 --> 00:14:16.820 "I was a man attached to the Quraysh" (mulsaqan fi Quraysh): 00:14:16.899 --> 00:14:19.860 Meaning: Affiliated with them, though not one of them; 00:14:19.860 --> 00:14:22.740 it is also said: an ally to them. 00:14:22.740 --> 00:14:24.419 "Not one of their native kin": 00:14:24.419 --> 00:14:28.419 Meaning: He was not himself of Quraysh, nor was he among their blood relatives. 00:14:28.419 --> 00:14:29.700 "So I wished": 00:14:29.700 --> 00:14:31.379 Meaning: I wanted. 00:14:31.379 --> 00:14:34.659 "Since I lacked that lineage among them": 00:14:34.659 --> 00:14:37.460 Meaning: Because I was not a Qurayshite. 00:14:37.460 --> 00:14:39.860 "To gain a favor with them" (an attakhidha 'indahum yadan): 00:14:39.860 --> 00:14:42.980 Meaning: A conferred favor and obligation upon them. 00:14:42.980 --> 00:14:45.059 "I did not do this out of disbelief": 00:14:45.059 --> 00:14:49.460 Meaning: I did not do this because I became a disbeliever who abandoned faith, 00:14:49.460 --> 00:14:51.139 "nor apostasy": 00:14:51.139 --> 00:14:54.820 meaning: nor because I rejected faith after believing, 00:14:54.820 --> 00:14:57.779 "nor out of approval of disbelief after accepting Islam": 00:14:57.779 --> 00:15:01.649 meaning: nor because I approved of the disbelievers' actions. 00:15:01.649 --> 00:15:04.049 "Let me" (da'ni): The intended meaning is: 00:15:04.049 --> 00:15:06.529 Give me permission to do so. 00:15:06.529 --> 00:15:09.090 "Strike the neck of this hypocrite": 00:15:09.090 --> 00:15:11.789 Meaning: Execute him on account of his hypocrisy. 00:15:11.789 --> 00:15:13.230 "And how do you know" (wa ma yudrika): 00:15:13.230 --> 00:15:15.409 Meaning: What makes you realize? 00:15:15.409 --> 00:15:17.809 "So she extracted it from her waist-wrapper" (hujzatiha): 00:15:17.809 --> 00:15:19.090 The *hujzah* 00:15:19.090 --> 00:15:22.450 is the tied waistline of the trousers or waist-wrapper. 00:15:22.450 --> 00:15:26.049 Benefits Derived from the Hadith: 00:15:26.049 --> 00:15:28.850 The hadith contains signs of prophethood, 00:15:28.850 --> 00:15:31.970 seen in his (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) foretelling 00:15:31.970 --> 00:15:36.539 of the woman carrying the letter and her precise location. 00:15:36.539 --> 00:15:39.659 It establishes the permissibility of exposing the spy's secret, 00:15:39.659 --> 00:15:41.820 whether male or female, 00:15:41.820 --> 00:15:44.299 if doing so serves a public interest, 00:15:44.299 --> 00:15:47.139 or if concealing it causes harm. 00:15:47.139 --> 00:15:52.259 It shows that spying does not expel a person from faith. 00:15:52.259 --> 00:15:57.220 It demonstrates the permissibility of threatening a spy or captive when necessary. 00:15:57.220 --> 00:16:02.659 The hadith indicates that the ruling for one who acts upon a mistaken interpretation in committing a prohibited act 00:16:02.659 --> 00:16:04.899 differs from the ruling for one who acts deliberately, 00:16:04.899 --> 00:16:08.019 deeming it lawful without any misinterpretation. 00:16:08.019 --> 00:16:10.019 It shows that whoever commits a prohibited act 00:16:10.019 --> 00:16:13.220 and claims an excuse that admits plausible interpretation, 00:16:13.299 --> 00:16:16.019 his statement is accepted regarding it, 00:16:16.019 --> 00:16:19.059 even if the overwhelming probability suggests otherwise. 00:16:19.059 --> 00:16:24.100 It establishes the prescribed nature of weeping upon hearing an admonition and the like. 00:16:24.100 --> 00:16:26.740 It demonstrates the prohibition of taking disbelievers as allies 00:16:26.740 --> 00:16:29.940 and disclosing the Muslims' secrets to them. 00:16:29.940 --> 00:16:34.259 The hadith permits viewing what is uncovered of women 00:16:34.259 --> 00:16:39.059 for the purpose of executing a prescribed punishment, establishing testimony to prove a right, 00:16:39.059 --> 00:16:42.019 or similar necessary matters. 00:16:42.100 --> 00:16:45.539 It serves as evidence that whoever declares a Muslim to be an unbeliever 00:16:45.539 --> 00:16:49.299 or accuses him of hypocrisy based on personal interpretation, 00:16:49.299 --> 00:16:53.940 provided he is qualified for legal reasoning (ijtihad), incurs no criminal punishment. 00:16:53.940 --> 00:16:57.940 It shows that committing major sins does not constitute disbelief, 00:16:57.940 --> 00:17:02.019 short of polytheism (shirk) with Allah. 00:17:02.019 --> 00:17:05.660 Chapter: Binding Captives in Chains 00:17:05.660 --> 00:17:08.220 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:17:08.220 --> 00:17:12.140 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said: 00:17:12.140 --> 00:17:17.950 "Allah marvels at a people who enter Paradise in chains." 00:17:17.950 --> 00:17:21.250 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:17:21.250 --> 00:17:24.130 "They enter Paradise in chains": 00:17:24.130 --> 00:17:27.329 Meaning: They embrace Islam under compulsion, 00:17:27.329 --> 00:17:29.970 and Islam is named 'Paradise' 00:17:29.970 --> 00:17:31.730 because it is the cause for entering it; 00:17:31.730 --> 00:17:35.200 whoever embraces it enters Paradise. 00:17:35.200 --> 00:17:39.150 Benefits Derived from the Hadith: 00:17:39.150 --> 00:17:41.309 Derived from the hadith is: 00:17:41.309 --> 00:17:43.950 The permissibility of driving captives in chains 00:17:44.109 --> 00:17:46.029 and securing them firmly 00:17:46.029 --> 00:17:49.180 until the ruler decides their fate. 00:17:49.180 --> 00:17:54.059 It indicates that Allah's marveling at something highlights its immense significance, 00:17:54.059 --> 00:17:56.619 and because it departs from the norm, 00:17:56.619 --> 00:17:59.500 its rank and status are magnified. 00:17:59.500 --> 00:18:06.910 This shows that such an outcome is beloved to Allah and pleasing to Him. 00:18:06.910 --> 00:18:10.609 Chapter: Killing Children in War 00:18:10.609 --> 00:18:14.049 On the authority of Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: 00:18:14.130 --> 00:18:20.849 "A woman was found slain in one of the military expeditions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:18:20.849 --> 00:18:28.019 Thereupon, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) prohibited the killing of women and children." 00:18:28.019 --> 00:18:31.490 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:18:31.490 --> 00:18:37.410 "So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) prohibited the killing of women and children": 00:18:37.410 --> 00:18:42.640 Because the default rule regarding a woman and a child is that they do not fight. 00:18:42.640 --> 00:18:46.400 Benefits Derived from the Hadith: 00:18:46.400 --> 00:18:56.400 It is derived from the hadith that killing women is forbidden when they do not engage in combat; the hadith also implicitly prohibits the destruction of property. 00:18:58.809 --> 00:19:01.809 Chapter: Do Not Punish with Allah's Punishment 00:19:03.380 --> 00:19:10.380 On the authority of 'Ikrimah, who said: "Heretics were brought to 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and he burned them. 00:19:10.380 --> 00:19:14.380 When news of this reached Ibn 'Abbas, he said: 00:19:14.380 --> 00:19:17.380 'Had it been me, I would not have burned them, 00:19:17.380 --> 00:19:21.380 due to the prohibition of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): 00:19:21.380 --> 00:19:23.380 "Do not punish with Allah's punishment." 00:19:23.380 --> 00:19:25.380 But I would have executed them, 00:19:25.380 --> 00:19:29.380 due to the saying of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): 00:19:29.380 --> 00:19:32.380 "Whoever changes his religion, execute him."' 00:19:36.279 --> 00:19:38.279 "Heretics" (zanadiqah): 00:19:38.279 --> 00:19:43.279 A heretic (*zindiq*) applies to anyone who discards religions and denies divine laws, 00:19:43.279 --> 00:19:47.279 as well as anyone who outwardly professes Islam while concealing something else. 00:19:47.279 --> 00:19:51.279 The heretics whom 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) burned 00:19:51.279 --> 00:19:54.279 were a group that apostatized from Islam. 00:19:54.279 --> 00:19:57.759 Benefits Derived from the Hadith: 00:19:57.759 --> 00:20:03.460 It is derived from the hadith that prescribed punishments are not executed using fire. 00:20:03.460 --> 00:20:07.460 It establishes the prescription of the punishment for apostasy, which is execution. 00:20:07.460 --> 00:20:12.460 It shows the permissibility of objecting to anyone who opposes sacred text. 00:20:12.460 --> 00:20:16.420 Chapter 00:20:16.420 --> 00:20:19.509 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:20:19.509 --> 00:20:23.509 I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: 00:20:23.509 --> 00:20:27.509 "An ant bit one of the Prophets, 00:20:27.509 --> 00:20:31.509 so he ordered that an ant colony be burned with fire. 00:20:31.509 --> 00:20:33.509 Thereupon, Allah revealed to him: 00:20:33.509 --> 00:20:38.509 'Because a single ant bit you, you burned an entire community among communities that glorify Allah?'" 00:20:38.509 --> 00:20:40.700 In a narration: 00:20:40.700 --> 00:20:44.740 "A Prophet among the Prophets halted beneath a tree, 00:20:44.740 --> 00:20:46.740 and an ant bit him. 00:20:46.740 --> 00:20:49.740 He ordered his baggage to be moved from underneath it, 00:20:50.740 --> 00:20:53.740 then he ordered its nest to be burned with fire. 00:20:53.740 --> 00:20:55.740 So Allah revealed to him: 00:20:55.740 --> 00:20:58.740 'Why not just a single ant?'" 00:20:58.740 --> 00:21:02.339 Commentary on the Hadith: 00:21:02.339 --> 00:21:06.049 This chapter is a continuation of the two chapters: 00:21:06.049 --> 00:21:08.049 "If a polytheist burns a Muslim, 00:21:08.049 --> 00:21:09.049 is he to be burned?" 00:21:09.049 --> 00:21:10.339 "Bit" (qarasat): 00:21:10.339 --> 00:21:12.339 Meaning: Stung. 00:21:12.339 --> 00:21:14.339 "One of the Prophets": 00:21:14.339 --> 00:21:17.339 It is said he was Moses (peace be upon him). 00:21:17.339 --> 00:21:19.339 Because an ant bit you, 00:21:19.339 --> 00:21:22.339 Meaning, simply because a single ant bit you. 00:21:22.339 --> 00:21:24.339 A nation— 00:21:24.339 --> 00:21:28.339 It is said that every generation of human beings or animals is a nation. 00:21:28.339 --> 00:21:31.589 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:21:31.589 --> 00:21:34.359 Derived from the hadith is 00:21:34.359 --> 00:21:38.359 The permissibility of killing harmful animals. 00:21:38.359 --> 00:21:41.359 In the hadith is proof of the ants' glorification of Allah, 00:21:41.359 --> 00:21:46.359 Which indicates that all animals glorify Allah Almighty. 00:21:47.390 --> 00:21:51.390 In it is also a warning against transgressing bounds when exacting retribution. 00:21:51.390 --> 00:21:55.799 Chapter: Burning down houses and palm trees. 00:21:55.799 --> 00:22:00.660 On the authority of Jarir, who said in a narration: 00:22:00.660 --> 00:22:05.660 "The Prophet (peace be upon him) never screened himself from me since I accepted Islam, 00:22:05.660 --> 00:22:09.819 Nor did he ever see me without smiling at me. 00:22:09.819 --> 00:22:13.819 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said to me: 00:22:13.819 --> 00:22:16.819 'Will you not relieve me of Dhu al-Khalasah?' 00:22:16.819 --> 00:22:18.819 I replied, 'Yes, indeed.' 00:22:18.819 --> 00:22:22.819 So I set out with one hundred and fifty horsemen from Ahmas, 00:22:22.819 --> 00:22:24.819 And they were skilled horsemen, 00:22:24.819 --> 00:22:27.819 While I could not sit firmly on a horse. 00:22:27.819 --> 00:22:31.819 I mentioned that to the Prophet (peace be upon him), 00:22:31.819 --> 00:22:34.819 So he struck his hand against my chest 00:22:34.819 --> 00:22:37.819 Until I saw the mark of his hand on my chest, 00:22:37.819 --> 00:22:39.819 And he said: 00:22:39.819 --> 00:22:43.819 'O Allah, make him firm, and make him a guiding and rightly-guided leader.' 00:22:43.819 --> 00:22:44.819 He said: 00:22:44.819 --> 00:22:47.819 'And I never fell off a horse after that.' 00:22:47.819 --> 00:22:48.859 He said: 00:22:48.859 --> 00:22:51.859 'Dhu al-Khalasah was a house in Yemen 00:22:51.859 --> 00:22:53.859 Belonging to Khath'am and Bajilah, 00:22:53.859 --> 00:22:55.859 Containing idols that were worshipped, 00:22:55.859 --> 00:22:58.859 And it was called the Ka'bah.' 00:22:58.859 --> 00:22:59.920 In a narration: 00:22:59.920 --> 00:23:01.920 'There was a house in the Pre-Islamic Ignorance (Jahiliyyah) 00:23:01.920 --> 00:23:04.920 Called Dhu al-Khalasah, 00:23:04.920 --> 00:23:06.920 As well as the Yemeni Ka'bah 00:23:06.920 --> 00:23:09.920 And the Levant Ka'bah.' 00:23:09.920 --> 00:23:11.109 He said: 00:23:11.109 --> 00:23:15.109 'So he came to it, burned it with fire, and demolished it.' 00:23:15.109 --> 00:23:16.109 He said: 00:23:16.109 --> 00:23:19.109 'When Jarir arrived in Yemen, 00:23:19.109 --> 00:23:23.109 There was a man there seeking divinations using arrows. 00:23:23.109 --> 00:23:24.109 It was said to him: 00:23:24.109 --> 00:23:29.109 "The emissary of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) is here, 00:23:29.109 --> 00:23:32.109 And if he gets hold of you, he will strike off your neck." 00:23:32.109 --> 00:23:33.109 He said: 00:23:33.109 --> 00:23:36.109 While he was drawing them, 00:23:36.109 --> 00:23:38.109 Jarir came upon him 00:23:38.109 --> 00:23:39.109 And said: 00:23:39.109 --> 00:23:46.109 "You will surely break them and testify that there is no god but Allah, or I will strike off your neck!" 00:23:46.109 --> 00:23:47.140 He said: 00:23:47.140 --> 00:23:50.140 So he broke them and bore witness. 00:23:50.140 --> 00:23:53.180 Then Jarir dispatched a man from Ahmas, 00:23:53.180 --> 00:23:55.180 Whose agnomen was Abu Arta'ah, 00:23:55.180 --> 00:23:58.180 To the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 00:23:58.180 --> 00:24:00.180 To bring him the good news of that. 00:24:00.180 --> 00:24:03.180 When he reached the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 00:24:03.180 --> 00:24:04.180 He said: 00:24:04.180 --> 00:24:06.180 "O Messenger of Allah, 00:24:06.180 --> 00:24:08.180 By Him Who sent you with the truth, 00:24:08.180 --> 00:24:13.240 I did not come to you until I left it like a mangy camel." 00:24:13.240 --> 00:24:14.299 In a narration: 00:24:14.299 --> 00:24:18.299 "Like a hollow or mangy camel." 00:24:18.299 --> 00:24:19.299 He said: 00:24:19.299 --> 00:24:22.299 So the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) invoked blessings 00:24:22.299 --> 00:24:27.299 Upon the horses and men of Ahmas five times." 00:24:27.299 --> 00:24:30.660 Commentary on the hadith: 00:24:30.660 --> 00:24:32.170 "So I set out"— 00:24:32.170 --> 00:24:38.170 His departure was two months before the death of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:24:38.170 --> 00:24:40.230 "From Ahmas"— 00:24:40.230 --> 00:24:41.230 A well-known tribe, 00:24:41.230 --> 00:24:45.230 Which was the tribe of Jarir (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:24:45.230 --> 00:24:47.259 "I could not sit firmly on a horse"— 00:24:47.259 --> 00:24:48.259 Meaning: 00:24:48.259 --> 00:24:52.259 I was not skilled in horsemanship and horse riding. 00:24:52.259 --> 00:24:55.259 "And make him a guiding and rightly-guided leader"— 00:24:55.259 --> 00:24:59.259 Meaning, make him complete in himself and a means of guiding others. 00:24:59.259 --> 00:25:01.259 "Belonging to Khath'am and Bajilah"— 00:25:01.259 --> 00:25:04.259 These are two tribes in Yemen. 00:25:04.259 --> 00:25:05.259 "Idols" (Nusub)— 00:25:05.259 --> 00:25:11.259 Meaning, stones that they used to set up during the Pre-Islamic Ignorance, sacrifice upon, and worship. 00:25:11.259 --> 00:25:14.259 "So he burned it with fire and demolished it"— 00:25:14.259 --> 00:25:18.259 Metaphorical expression emphasizing the thorough eradication of evil. 00:25:18.259 --> 00:25:22.259 "There was a man there seeking divinations using arrows"— 00:25:22.259 --> 00:25:26.259 Meaning, seeking a share of good or evil through divination arrows. 00:25:26.259 --> 00:25:28.390 "So he broke them"— 00:25:28.390 --> 00:25:30.390 Meaning, he broke the arrows. 00:25:30.390 --> 00:25:31.390 "And bore witness"— 00:25:31.390 --> 00:25:33.390 That there is no god but Allah. 00:25:33.390 --> 00:25:38.390 Abu Arta'ah was Husayn ibn Rabi'ah (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:25:38.390 --> 00:25:39.390 "To bring him good news"— 00:25:39.390 --> 00:25:42.390 Meaning, to convey to him news that brings joy. 00:25:42.390 --> 00:25:45.460 "Like a mangy camel"— 00:25:45.460 --> 00:25:46.460 Meaning: 00:25:46.460 --> 00:25:50.460 It became like a camel smeared with pitch due to its mange, 00:25:50.460 --> 00:25:53.460 And that was after burning it. 00:25:53.460 --> 00:25:56.519 "So the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) invoked blessings"— 00:25:56.519 --> 00:25:59.519 Meaning, he prayed to Allah to bless them, 00:25:59.519 --> 00:26:02.519 And blessing (barakah) is the abundance and permanence of goodness. 00:26:02.519 --> 00:26:03.549 "Hollow" (Ajwaf)— 00:26:03.549 --> 00:26:06.549 Meaning, empty of everything that was inside it. 00:26:06.549 --> 00:26:09.710 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:26:09.710 --> 00:26:12.539 Derived from the hadith is 00:26:12.539 --> 00:26:18.539 The permissibility of demolishing anything that tempts people into fitnah, whether a building, a tree, or otherwise. 00:26:18.539 --> 00:26:21.539 In it is the acceptance of a single narrator's report. 00:26:21.539 --> 00:26:24.539 In it is the prescription of praying for the army. 00:26:24.539 --> 00:26:28.539 In it is the recommendation to dispatch a bearer of good news regarding conquest and victory. 00:26:29.539 --> 00:26:34.539 In it is the permissibility of demonstrating force by destroying falsehood and its traces, 00:26:34.539 --> 00:26:37.539 And being thorough in its eradication. 00:26:37.539 --> 00:26:41.539 In it is a demonstration of the humility of the Prophet (peace be upon him), 00:26:41.539 --> 00:26:46.539 And his gracious manner of greeting his Companions with a smile and a cheerful countenance. 00:26:46.539 --> 00:26:49.539 In the hadith is an indication of the censure of arrogance, 00:26:49.539 --> 00:26:52.539 And the prohibition of looking down upon creation. 00:26:52.539 --> 00:26:57.539 In it is the encouragement to adopt character traits that foster love and harmony. 00:26:57.539 --> 00:27:00.539 In it is an exposition of the virtue of horsemanship, 00:27:00.539 --> 00:27:03.539 And guidance toward learning how to ride horses. 00:27:03.539 --> 00:27:06.539 This hadith is among the signs of prophethood, 00:27:06.539 --> 00:27:10.539 For through the blessing of the Prophet's supplication (peace be upon him), 00:27:10.539 --> 00:27:14.539 Jarir (may Allah be pleased with him) never fell off a horse again. 00:27:14.539 --> 00:27:19.539 In the hadith is the permissibility of burning property and imposing financial penalties for a valid interest. 00:27:19.539 --> 00:27:21.539 In it is the prohibition of bad omens (tiyarah), 00:27:21.539 --> 00:27:24.539 And the prohibition of seeking divination through arrows. 00:27:24.539 --> 00:27:27.539 In it is the permissibility of taking an oath without being asked to do so. 00:27:27.539 --> 00:27:32.539 In it is the prescription of repeating a supplication more than three times.