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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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The Summary of Tafsir al-Tabari.

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Abridged by Dr. Aqeel Ibn Salim al-Shammari.

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Surah ar-Rahman.

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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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The Most Gracious.

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Taught the Qur'an.

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Created humanity.

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Taught him eloquent speech.

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The Most Gracious, O people, out of His mercy toward you,

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Has taught you the Qur'an,

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Thereby bestowing this immense favor upon you.

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He created Adam,

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Who is "humanity" according to the view of some scholars.

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It is also said:

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He meant all of humanity thereby.

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He taught man what he needs,

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Regarding his religious and worldly affairs, such as the lawful and the unlawful,

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Means of livelihood, articulate speech, and other matters.

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The sun and the moon move by precise calculation.

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And the stars and trees prostrate.

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The sun and the moon run according to a precise calculation and predetermined stations.

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Whatever plants sprout from the earth and spread across its surface

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Without a stalk,

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And whatever stands erect upon a stalk,

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Both prostrate to Allah through the submission of their shadows,

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So that all things prostrate to Him,

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Despite their varying forms.

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And the heaven He raised high above the earth,

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And established justice among His creation on earth:

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That you do not transgress or defraud in the balance.

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Establish the weight with justice,

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And do not make the scale deficient when you weigh for people.

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And the earth He laid out for creation.

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In the earth are fruits,

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And date palms with sheaths of fiber,

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Wrapped within their protective envelopes,

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Bearing spathes enclosed in their coverings.

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And therein is grain,

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Namely the grain of wheat and barley with leaves,

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Which becomes straw when dry,

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And sweet-smelling plants with fragrance.

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So which of the favors of your Lord,

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O assembly of jinn and mankind, will you deny?

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Allah created Adam from dry clay that was not baked;

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Because of its dryness, it produces a ringing sound when tapped or struck, like pottery.

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“And the jinn did He create of smokeless fire.” (55:15)

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And it was blended together,

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From various types of earth: red, yellow, and green.

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And it is the blazing flame of fire and its tongue.

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So which of the favors of your Lord, O two weighty races, among these blessings will you deny?

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“Lord of the two Easts, and Lord of the two Wests!” (55:17)

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So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

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That is, O two weighty races, the Lord of the two easts:

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The sunrise in winter and the sunrise in summer,

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And the Lord of the two wests: the sunset in winter and the sunset in summer.

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So which of the favors of your Lord, O assembly of jinn and mankind,

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Among these blessings which He has bestowed upon you, will you deny?

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He released the two bodies of water, meeting together.

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“There is a barrier between them. They encroach not (one upon the other).” (55:20)

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So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

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He sent forth and let flow the two waters:

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The water of the sky, which is rain,

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And the water of the earth, meeting one another.

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Between them is a barrier and a distance,

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So neither of them spoils the other,

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Nor does either transgress against the other,

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Nor do they exceed the boundary that Allah has set for them.

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So which of the favors of Allah your Lord, O assembly of jinn and mankind, will you deny,

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Among these blessings He has bestowed upon you by letting the two bodies of water flow,

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Whereby He provided ornaments for you to wear?

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Likewise,

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“There cometh forth from both of them the pearl and coral-stone.” (55:22)

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So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

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From both of these bodies of water come forth pearls,

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Extracted from seashells as precious gems,

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And coral, which are small pearls.

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So which of the favors of your Lord, O two weighty races, that He has bestowed upon you,

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Regarding the benefits He brought forth for you from the two waters, will you deny?

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“His are the ships displayed upon the sea, like banners.” (55:24)

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So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

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And to the Lord of the two easts and two wests belong the ships sailing across the seas,

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With elevated sails towering like mountains.

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So which of the favors of your Lord, O assembly of jinn and mankind, that He has bestowed upon you,

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By causing these majestic ships to sail in the sea for your benefit, will you deny?

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“Everyone that is thereon will pass away;” (55:26)

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“There remaineth but the Countenance of thy Lord of Might and Glory.” (55:27)

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So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

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Everyone upon the face of the earth, both jinn and mankind, will perish.

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“There remaineth but the Countenance of thy Lord of Might and Glory.” (55:27)

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So which of the favors of your Lord, O two weighty races, among these blessings will you deny?

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“All that are in the heavens and the earth entreat Him. Every day He exerciseth (universal) power.” (55:29)

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“All that are in the heavens and the earth entreat Him. Every day He exerciseth (universal) power.” (55:29)

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So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

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To Him all who are in the heavens and the earth turn in distress, asking for their needs.

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Every day He brings about a matter regarding His creation:

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He relieves the distress of the distressed,

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Exalts some people and humbles others,

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Along with other affairs of His creation.

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So which of the favors of your Lord, O assembly of jinn and mankind, that He has bestowed upon you,

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In directing your affairs for your welfare, will you deny?

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We shall attend to you, O two weighty races.

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So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

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We will hold you to account and settle your affairs, O mankind and jinn,

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Punishing the people of disobedience and rewarding the people of obedience.

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So which of the favors of your Lord, O two weighty races, that He has bestowed upon you,

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In rewarding those who obey Him and punishing those who disobey Him, will you deny?

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O assembly of jinn and mankind!

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“O company of jinn and men, if ye have power to penetrate (all) regions of the heavens and the earth, then penetrate (them)! Ye will never penetrate them save with (Our) sanction.” (55:33)

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“O company of jinn and men, if ye have power to penetrate (all) regions of the heavens and the earth, then penetrate (them)! Ye will never penetrate them save with (Our) sanction.” (55:33)

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“O company of jinn and men, if ye have power to penetrate (all) regions of the heavens and the earth, then penetrate (them)! Ye will never penetrate them save with (Our) sanction.” (55:33)

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So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

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It will be said to them on the Day of Resurrection:

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"O assembly of jinn and mankind!

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If you are able to pass beyond the bounds of the heavens and the earth,

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So as to escape your Lord so that He has no power over you,

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Then pass beyond them!

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But you cannot pass except with authority and clear proof."

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It is also said:

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"O assembly of jinn and mankind!

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“O company of jinn and men, if ye have power to penetrate (all) regions of the heavens and the earth, then penetrate (them)! Ye will never penetrate them save with (Our) sanction.” (55:33)

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Escape, then, fleeing from death!

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But you cannot escape except with authority and clear proof."

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It is also said:

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"If you are able to know what is in the heavens and the earth,

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Then know it!

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But you will never know it except with authority and clear proof."

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So which of the favors of your Lord, O two weighty races, that have been bestowed upon you,

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In making all of you equal in helplessness,

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Unable to resist any decree He wills for you, will you deny?

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“There will be sent, against you both, heat of fire and flash of brass, and ye will not escape.” (55:35)

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So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

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There will be sent against you, O two weighty races, on the Day of Resurrection, flames of fire and smoke,

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And you will not be able to defend yourselves, O jinn and mankind.

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So which power of your Lord, O assembly of jinn and mankind, regarding what He has informed you He will do to you, will you deny?

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And when the heaven splits open and becomes rosy red like burnt oil.

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So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

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When the sky tears apart and cleaves on the Day of Resurrection, its color turning like a reddish-bay horse, glowing like refined oil in its brilliance,

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So which power of your Lord, O assembly of jinn and mankind, regarding what He has informed you He will do to you, will you deny?

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On that Day, neither human nor jinn will be questioned about his sin; so which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

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On that Day, the angels will not question the criminals about their sins, for Allah has already fully recorded them,

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Nor will Allah question some of them about the sins of others.

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So which of the favors of your Lord, O two weighty races, that He has bestowed upon you in His perfect justice among you, will you deny?

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“The guilty will be known by their marks, and will be taken by the forelocks and the feet.” (55:41)

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So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

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The angels will recognize the criminals by their distinct marks and features that Allah marks them with,

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Such as black faces and blue eyes,

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And the angels of torment will seize them by their forelocks and feet, dragging them into Hell.

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00:12:40,940 --> 00:12:45,940
So which of the favors of your Lord, O assembly of jinn and mankind, that He has bestowed upon you,

150
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In making known to His angels the sinners distinct from the obedient among you,

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So that humiliation and disgrace are singled out for the criminals and none else, will you deny?

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“This is hell which the guilty deny.” (55:43)

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“They go circling round between it and fierce, boiling water.” (55:44)

154
00:13:11,580 --> 00:13:18,580
So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

155
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It will be said to these criminals:

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“This is hell which the guilty deny.” (55:43)

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These criminals will circle between the depths of Hell

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And scalding water that has been boiled until it has reached peak heat and intense boiling.

159
00:13:38,159 --> 00:13:43,220
So which of the favors of your Lord, O assembly of jinn and mankind, that He has bestowed upon you,

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In punishing those who disbelieve in Him and honoring those who believe in Him, will you deny?

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“But for him who feareth the standing before his Lord there are two gardens.” (55:46)

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So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

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And for whoever feared Allah among His servants and dreaded standing before Him,

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Obeying Him by fulfilling His obligations and avoiding His prohibitions, there are two gardens.

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So which of the favors of your Lord, O two weighty races, that He has bestowed upon you by rewarding the righteous among you, will you deny?

166
00:14:26,629 --> 00:14:36,820
Having lush branches. So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

167
00:14:38,820 --> 00:14:50,419
Having varied colors and delightful varieties. So which of the favors of your Lord, O two weighty races, that He has bestowed upon you by granting this reward to the obedient, will you deny?

168
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In both of them are two flowing springs. So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

169
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In these two gardens are two springs of water flowing through them. So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

170
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“Wherein is every kind of fruit in pairs.” (55:52)

171
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So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

172
00:15:27,250 --> 00:15:31,919
In both of them are two kinds of every fruit.

173
00:15:32,919 --> 00:15:38,919
So which of the favors of your Lord that He has bestowed upon the people of His obedience through that will you deny?

174
00:15:39,919 --> 00:15:52,460
“Reclining upon couches lined with silk brocade, the fruit of both the gardens near to hand.” (55:54)

175
00:15:53,460 --> 00:15:59,460
So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

176
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For whoever feared the standing before his Lord are two gardens wherein they will delight, reclining upon couches

177
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Whose inner linings are made of rich, thick brocade,

178
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And the harvest of both gardens hangs near them, so they can gather fruit while seated without any exertion.

179
00:16:21,230 --> 00:16:29,299
So which of the favors of your Lord, O two weighty races, that He has bestowed upon you by granting the obedient among you this reward

180
00:16:30,299 --> 00:16:33,299
And honoring them with this dignity, will you deny?

181
00:16:33,299 --> 00:17:00,429
Therein are women of modest gaze whom no human or jinn has touched before them. So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

182
00:17:01,429 --> 00:17:11,329
Upon these couches are women who restrict their gaze to their husbands, looking at no other men.

183
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No human or jinn has ever touched or had intimacy with them before them.

184
00:17:17,329 --> 00:17:26,329
So which of the favors of your Lord, O assembly of jinn and mankind, among these blessings He has granted the people of His obedience, will you deny?

185
00:17:27,329 --> 00:17:41,099
As if they were rubies and coral. So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

186
00:17:42,769 --> 00:17:53,769
As though these maidens of modest gaze are, in their purity, like clear rubies through which light shines, and in their beauty like rubies and coral.

187
00:17:54,769 --> 00:18:05,769
So which of the favors of your Lord that He has bestowed upon you, O two weighty races, by rewarding the obedient among you as described in these verses, will you deny?

188
00:18:07,700 --> 00:18:21,700
Is the reward for excellence anything but excellence? So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

189
00:18:23,240 --> 00:18:29,240
Is the reward for fearing the station of Allah—for one who feared Him, did righteous deeds in this world, and obeyed his Lord—

190
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Anything other than that his Lord treats him with excellence in the Hereafter by rewarding him for his good deeds?

191
00:18:35,240 --> 00:18:44,240
So which of the favors of your Lord, O two weighty races, that He has bestowed upon you by rewarding the doer of good among you for his excellence, will you deny?

192
00:18:45,240 --> 00:18:59,009
And besides these two are two other gardens. So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

193
00:19:00,009 --> 00:19:09,490
Below the two gardens mentioned for the one who feared standing before his Lord are two other gardens, lower in rank and virtue.

194
00:19:10,490 --> 00:19:19,519
So which of the favors of your Lord that He has bestowed upon you by rewarding the people of excellence with what is described of these two gardens will you deny?

195
00:19:19,519 --> 00:19:34,740
Dark green in color. So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

196
00:19:35,740 --> 00:19:48,220
Deeply dark green due to the intensity of their lushness. So which of the favors of your Lord that He has bestowed upon you by rewarding the people of excellence with what is described of these two gardens will you deny?

197
00:19:49,220 --> 00:20:00,180
In both of them are two gushing springs. So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

198
00:20:01,180 --> 00:20:16,720
In these two gardens, which are lower than the first two, are two springs bubbling with water. So which of the favors of your Lord that He has bestowed upon you by granting the righteous among you this immense reward will you deny?

199
00:20:17,720 --> 00:20:32,549
In both are fruit, date palms, and pomegranates. So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

200
00:20:33,549 --> 00:20:48,029
In these two dark green gardens are fruit, date palms, and pomegranates. So which of the favors of your Lord that He has bestowed upon you through this honor with which He has honored the righteous among you will you deny?

201
00:20:49,029 --> 00:21:00,799
In them are good and beautiful women. So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

202
00:21:01,799 --> 00:21:13,630
In these four gardens—the two for the one who feared the standing before his Lord and the other two dark-green ones below them—

203
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Are maidens of noble character and beautiful faces. So which of the favors of your Lord that He has bestowed upon you through what has been mentioned will you deny?

204
00:21:24,140 --> 00:21:36,140
Fair maidens reserved in pavilions. So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

205
00:21:37,140 --> 00:21:47,660
Fair-complexioned women kept within pavilions for their husbands, desiring no substitute for them nor raising their eyes to any other men.

206
00:21:47,660 --> 00:21:56,660
So which of the favors of your Lord that He has bestowed upon you of dignity by granting the righteous among you this honor will you deny?

207
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Untouched before them by any human or jinn. So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

208
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Untouched in marriage by any human or jinn before them. So which of the favors of your Lord that He has bestowed upon you from what has been described will you deny?

209
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Reclining on green cushions and beautiful fine carpets. So which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?

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Those whom Allah—exalted be His praise—has honored with this dignity will delight in the two gardens, reclining upon heavenly meadows—or it is said: green cushions—and reclining upon beautiful carpets.

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So which of the favors of your Lord that He has bestowed upon you by honoring the obedient among you with this dignity will you deny?

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“Blessed be the name of thy Lord, Mighty and glorious!” (55:78)

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Blessed is the Name of your Lord, O Muhammad, the Possessor of Majesty, to Whom all honor belongs from all His creation.

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The Summary of Tafsir al-Tabari.