1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:05,169 --> 00:00:08,050 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 3 00:00:08,589 --> 00:00:12,710 Abridged by Dr. ‘Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammar. 4 00:00:12,910 --> 00:00:16,280 Surah Yunus. 5 00:00:16,280 --> 00:00:22,699 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 6 00:00:23,280 --> 00:00:28,000 And We took the Children of Israel across the sea. 7 00:00:28,000 --> 00:00:33,799 “And We brought the Children of Israel across the sea, and Pharaoh with his hosts pursued them in rebellion and transgression, till, when the (fate of) drowning overtook him, he exclaimed: I believe that there is no Allah save Him in Whom the Children of Israel believe, and I am of those who surrender (unto Him).” (10:90) 8 00:00:34,000 --> 00:00:36,960 “And We brought the Children of Israel across the sea, and Pharaoh with his hosts pursued them in rebellion and transgression, till, when the (fate of) drowning overtook him, he exclaimed: I believe that there is no Allah save Him in Whom the Children of Israel believe, and I am of those who surrender (unto Him).” (10:90) 9 00:00:36,960 --> 00:00:39,439 He said, "I believe." 10 00:00:39,439 --> 00:00:45,920 “And We brought the Children of Israel across the sea, and Pharaoh with his hosts pursued them in rebellion and transgression, till, when the (fate of) drowning overtook him, he exclaimed: I believe that there is no Allah save Him in Whom the Children of Israel believe, and I am of those who surrender (unto Him).” (10:90) 11 00:00:45,920 --> 00:00:51,479 [I believe in the God of] the Children of Israel, and I am of the Muslims. 12 00:00:52,579 --> 00:00:56,700 We led the Children of Israel across the sea until they had crossed it. 13 00:00:57,179 --> 00:01:01,539 Then Pharaoh and his soldiers pursued them, out of tyranny and aggression against Musa and Harun. 14 00:01:01,539 --> 00:01:03,659 And against those who were with them from their people. 15 00:01:03,859 --> 00:01:05,659 And in transgression against them. 16 00:01:06,019 --> 00:01:07,379 So We drowned him. 17 00:01:07,739 --> 00:01:10,620 “And We brought the Children of Israel across the sea, and Pharaoh with his hosts pursued them in rebellion and transgression, till, when the (fate of) drowning overtook him, he exclaimed: I believe that there is no Allah save Him in Whom the Children of Israel believe, and I am of those who surrender (unto Him).” (10:90) 18 00:01:11,060 --> 00:01:15,180 “And We brought the Children of Israel across the sea, and Pharaoh with his hosts pursued them in rebellion and transgression, till, when the (fate of) drowning overtook him, he exclaimed: I believe that there is no Allah save Him in Whom the Children of Israel believe, and I am of those who surrender (unto Him).” (10:90) 19 00:01:15,180 --> 00:01:18,939 [I believe in the God of] the Children of Israel, and I am of the Muslims. 20 00:01:20,250 --> 00:01:29,200 "Now? While you had disobeyed before and were of the corrupters?" 21 00:01:29,480 --> 00:01:35,480 “But this day We save thee in thy body that thou mayst be a portent for those after thee. Lo! most of mankind are heedless of Our portents.” (10:92) 22 00:01:35,799 --> 00:01:44,519 “But this day We save thee in thy body that thou mayst be a portent for those after thee. Lo! most of mankind are heedless of Our portents.” (10:92) 23 00:01:45,650 --> 00:01:48,650 Now you acknowledge servitude to Allah? 24 00:01:49,090 --> 00:01:51,209 And you submit to Him in humility? 25 00:01:51,650 --> 00:01:54,849 Yet you disobeyed Him before His punishment descended upon you. 26 00:01:55,250 --> 00:01:57,530 And you were of those who spread corruption in the land. 27 00:01:57,769 --> 00:01:59,730 Those who turned others away from His path. 28 00:02:00,329 --> 00:02:02,810 So today We will save you in your body. 29 00:02:02,849 --> 00:02:06,250 That is, We will place your body on a high place on the earth. 30 00:02:06,810 --> 00:02:10,129 So that those who denied your destruction may see you as a corpse. 31 00:02:10,770 --> 00:02:14,930 And you shall be a lesson for those who come after you, that they may take heed from you. 32 00:02:15,330 --> 00:02:18,449 And refrain from disobeying Allah and disbelieving in Him. 33 00:02:19,050 --> 00:02:22,889 Yet many of the people are heedless of Our signs and proofs. 34 00:02:23,210 --> 00:02:28,009 Which demonstrate that worship and divinity belong exclusively to Us. 35 00:02:28,530 --> 00:02:32,050 They do not reflect upon them, nor do they take heed from them. 36 00:02:33,680 --> 00:02:39,560 “And We verily did allot unto the Children of Israel a fixed abode, and did provide them with good things; and they differed not until the knowledge came unto them. Lo! thy Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that wherein they used to differ.” (10:93) 37 00:02:40,599 --> 00:02:46,080 And We provided them with good things. 38 00:02:46,360 --> 00:02:50,840 Yet they did not differ until knowledge came to them. 39 00:02:51,439 --> 00:03:00,400 Indeed, your Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that over which they used to differ. 40 00:03:01,819 --> 00:03:05,259 And We settled the Children of Israel in a blessed dwelling. 41 00:03:05,819 --> 00:03:09,020 For Allah established them in the Levant and the Holy Land (Bayt al-Maqdis). 42 00:03:09,460 --> 00:03:11,620 And provided them with lawful sustenance. 43 00:03:12,259 --> 00:03:17,500 Yet those of the Children of Israel upon whom We bestowed this favor differed. 44 00:03:18,060 --> 00:03:21,180 Until there came to them that which they already knew. 45 00:03:21,740 --> 00:03:27,460 This is because, before the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, was sent, they were. 46 00:03:27,900 --> 00:03:32,539 Unanimous regarding the prophethood of Muhammad, acknowledging him and his mission. 47 00:03:33,180 --> 00:03:38,460 But when that which they recognized came to them, some disbelieved in him, while others believed. 48 00:03:39,219 --> 00:03:45,699 Indeed, your Lord, O Muhammad, will judge between those of the Children of Israel who differed regarding you on the Day of Resurrection. 49 00:03:46,219 --> 00:03:49,979 Concerning the matters of my affair in this world over which they differed. 50 00:03:50,620 --> 00:03:53,659 By admitting those among them who denied you into the Fire. 51 00:03:54,219 --> 00:03:56,740 And those among them who believed in you into Paradise. 52 00:03:58,270 --> 00:04:07,030 “And if thou (Muhammad) art in doubt concerning that which We reveal unto thee, then question those who read the Scripture (that was) before thee. Verily the Truth from thy Lord hath come unto thee. So be not thou of the waverers.” (10:94) 53 00:04:07,550 --> 00:04:13,030 So ask those who read the Scripture before you. 54 00:04:13,669 --> 00:04:23,149 “And if thou (Muhammad) art in doubt concerning that which We reveal unto thee, then question those who read the Scripture (that was) before thee. Verily the Truth from thy Lord hath come unto thee. So be not thou of the waverers.” (10:94) 55 00:04:23,589 --> 00:04:33,310 “And be not thou of those who deny the revelations of Allah, for then wert thou of the losers.” (10:95) 56 00:04:34,589 --> 00:04:39,310 If you, O Muhammad, are in doubt regarding the truth of what We have revealed to you. 57 00:04:39,910 --> 00:04:43,149 Then ask those who read the Torah and the Gospel. 58 00:04:43,470 --> 00:04:46,149 From among those of them who are truthful and believe in you. 59 00:04:46,790 --> 00:04:52,670 I swear that the certain truth has come to you in the report that you are indeed a messenger of Allah. 60 00:04:53,310 --> 00:04:57,110 And that these Jews and Christians know that. 61 00:04:57,870 --> 00:05:02,629 So do not be among those who doubt the validity and truth of this. 62 00:05:03,230 --> 00:05:08,389 And do not be, O Muhammad, among those who denied the signs and proofs of Allah. 63 00:05:08,910 --> 00:05:10,990 For then you would be among those who have squandered their share. 64 00:05:11,509 --> 00:05:15,430 And traded the mercy of Allah and His pleasure for His wrath and punishment. 65 00:05:17,459 --> 00:05:24,500 “Lo! those for whom the word of thy Lord (concerning sinners) hath effect will not believe,” (10:96) 66 00:05:25,060 --> 00:05:33,579 “Though every token come unto them, till they see the painful doom.” (10:97) 67 00:05:35,310 --> 00:05:38,910 Indeed, those upon whom the curse of Allah has become due, O Muhammad. 68 00:05:39,509 --> 00:05:44,550 Do not believe in the signs of Allah, nor do they acknowledge the oneness of their Lord. 69 00:05:44,990 --> 00:05:51,550 Even if every admonition came to them, they would not witness it until they see the painful punishment. 70 00:05:53,129 --> 00:06:02,449 “If only there had been a community (of all those that were destroyed of old) that believed and profited by its belief as did the folk of Jonah! When they believed We drew off from them the torment of disgrace in the life of the world and gave them comfort for a while.” (10:98) 71 00:06:02,970 --> 00:06:10,250 “If only there had been a community (of all those that were destroyed of old) that believed and profited by its belief as did the folk of Jonah! When they believed We drew off from them the torment of disgrace in the life of the world and gave them comfort for a while.” (10:98) 72 00:06:10,250 --> 00:06:16,649 No town ever believed upon seeing the punishment and the descent of Allah’s wrath upon it. 73 00:06:17,050 --> 00:06:23,180 So that its belief benefited it at that time, except for the people of Yunus. 74 00:06:23,740 --> 00:06:29,180 For their belief did benefit them after the punishment had descended and the wrath had befallen them. 75 00:06:29,819 --> 00:06:35,899 When they believed in His messenger, their faith benefited them at that time. 76 00:06:35,899 --> 00:06:38,860 [After] the descent of the punishment and the arrival of the wrath upon them. 77 00:06:39,500 --> 00:06:46,139 When they believed in their messenger and acknowledged what he brought them after the punishment had overshadowed them. 78 00:06:46,779 --> 00:06:51,500 We removed from them the punishment of disgrace and humiliation in their worldly life. 79 00:06:52,060 --> 00:06:57,100 And We let them enjoy their lives in this world until their appointed time of death. 80 00:07:06,839 --> 00:07:14,120 “And if thy Lord willed, all who are in the earth would have believed together. Wouldst thou (Muhammad) compel men until they are believers?” (10:99) 81 00:07:15,420 --> 00:07:20,939 And had your Lord willed, O Muhammad, all those on earth would have believed in you. 82 00:07:21,420 --> 00:07:27,100 And they would have affirmed what you call them to regarding the oneness of Allah and the sincerity of worshiping Him alone. 83 00:07:27,740 --> 00:07:32,779 But He does not will that, because it has already been decreed by Allah. 84 00:07:33,180 --> 00:07:37,019 That none shall believe in you except those for whom happiness has been preordained. 85 00:07:37,660 --> 00:07:43,899 And none shall follow you except those whom your Lord has willed to believe, not by your forcing them. 86 00:07:44,379 --> 00:07:51,420 Do you, then, compel the people so that they become believers in what you have brought them from your Lord? 87 00:07:52,680 --> 00:08:06,600 “It is not for any soul to believe save by the permission of Allah. He hath set uncleanness upon those who have no sense.” (10:100) 88 00:08:07,819 --> 00:08:15,180 And no soul has any way to believe in you, O Muhammad, except by My permission for it to do so. 89 00:08:15,819 --> 00:08:18,860 So do not exhaust yourself in seeking their guidance. 90 00:08:19,420 --> 00:08:23,660 Indeed, Allah guides whom He wills of His creation to believe in you. 91 00:08:24,139 --> 00:08:29,740 And He places the punishment upon those who do not understand the signs and admonitions of Allah. 92 00:08:31,379 --> 00:08:36,100 “Say: Behold what is in the heavens and the earth! But revelations and warnings avail not folk who will not believe.” (10:101) 93 00:08:36,580 --> 00:08:46,600 “Say: Behold what is in the heavens and the earth! But revelations and warnings avail not folk who will not believe.” (10:101) 94 00:08:46,919 --> 00:08:49,799 Say, O Muhammad, to these polytheists: 95 00:08:50,360 --> 00:08:54,360 "Observe, O people, what is in the heavens of signs." 96 00:08:55,080 --> 00:08:56,840 From its sun and its moon. 97 00:08:57,320 --> 00:08:59,639 And the alternation of its night and day. 98 00:09:00,120 --> 00:09:04,519 And what is in the earth of its mountains, its vegetation, and the sustenance of its inhabitants. 99 00:09:05,240 --> 00:09:10,600 But what do the signs and lessons avail a people for whom misery has already been decreed by Allah? 100 00:09:11,240 --> 00:09:15,240 And for whom it has been ordained in the Preserved Tablet (Umm al-Kitab) that they are among the people of the Fire. 101 00:09:15,799 --> 00:09:20,039 They will not believe in any of that, nor will they affirm it. 102 00:09:21,669 --> 00:09:29,429 “What expect they save the like of the days of those who passed away before them? Say: Expect then! I am with you among the expectant.” (10:102) 103 00:09:29,909 --> 00:09:38,070 “What expect they save the like of the days of those who passed away before them? Say: Expect then! I am with you among the expectant.” (10:102) 104 00:09:39,559 --> 00:09:46,360 So do these polytheists await, O Muhammad, anything but a day when they will witness the punishment of Allah? 105 00:09:46,840 --> 00:09:50,440 Like the days of their predecessors who passed away before them. 106 00:09:51,320 --> 00:09:55,960 Say to them, O Muhammad: "Then wait for the punishment of Allah upon you." 107 00:09:56,519 --> 00:10:03,320 "I am among those who wait for your destruction and ruin through the punishment that will befall you from Allah." 108 00:10:04,730 --> 00:10:18,169 “Then shall We save Our messengers and the believers, in like manner (as of old). It is incumbent upon Us to save believers.” (10:103) 109 00:10:19,700 --> 00:10:24,340 Wait for days like those of the people who passed away before you, through the punishment of Allah. 110 00:10:24,980 --> 00:10:29,620 Then We will save there Our messenger, Muhammad, peace be upon him. 111 00:10:30,259 --> 00:10:33,139 And those who believed in him and followed him in his religion. 112 00:10:33,860 --> 00:10:39,379 Just as We did with the messengers of the past, whom We saved along with the believers who were with them. 113 00:10:40,019 --> 00:10:47,860 And We destroyed their nations; likewise, We will save you and save the believers in you—this is a binding duty upon Us, without doubt. 114 00:10:49,700 --> 00:11:04,820 “Say (O Muhammad): O mankind! If ye are in doubt of my religion, then (know that) I worship not those whom ye worship instead of Allah, but I worship Allah Who causeth you to die, and I have been commanded to be of the believers.” (10:104) 115 00:11:04,820 --> 00:11:15,860 “Say (O Muhammad): O mankind! If ye are in doubt of my religion, then (know that) I worship not those whom ye worship instead of Allah, but I worship Allah Who causeth you to die, and I have been commanded to be of the believers.” (10:104) 116 00:11:16,100 --> 00:11:20,820 “Say (O Muhammad): O mankind! If ye are in doubt of my religion, then (know that) I worship not those whom ye worship instead of Allah, but I worship Allah Who causeth you to die, and I have been commanded to be of the believers.” (10:104) 117 00:11:21,299 --> 00:11:26,340 “Say (O Muhammad): O mankind! If ye are in doubt of my religion, then (know that) I worship not those whom ye worship instead of Allah, but I worship Allah Who causeth you to die, and I have been commanded to be of the believers.” (10:104) 118 00:11:27,700 --> 00:11:28,899 Say, O Muhammad: 119 00:11:29,620 --> 00:11:33,460 “Say (O Muhammad): O mankind! If ye are in doubt of my religion, then (know that) I worship not those whom ye worship instead of Allah, but I worship Allah Who causeth you to die, and I have been commanded to be of the believers.” (10:104) 120 00:11:34,100 --> 00:11:39,700 "For I do not worship those whom you worship besides Allah, from among the gods and idols." 121 00:11:40,340 --> 00:11:44,019 "But I worship Allah, who takes your souls." 122 00:11:44,500 --> 00:11:50,179 "And He is the One who commanded me to be among those who believe in what has come to me from Him." 123 00:11:51,820 --> 00:12:00,620 “And, (O Muhammad) set thy purpose resolutely for religion, as a man by nature upright, and be not of those who ascribe partners (to Allah).” (10:105) 124 00:12:01,259 --> 00:12:08,460 "And do not invoke, besides Allah, that which neither benefits you nor harms you." 125 00:12:08,860 --> 00:12:17,100 “And cry not, beside Allah, unto that which cannot profit thee nor hurt thee, for if thou didst so then wert thou of the wrong-doers.” (10:106) 126 00:12:18,379 --> 00:12:22,620 "And direct your face toward the religion of Islam, being upright in it." 127 00:12:23,019 --> 00:12:28,299 "And do not be among those who associate gods and rivals with their Lord in worship." 128 00:12:28,779 --> 00:12:30,779 "For then you would be among the losers." 129 00:12:31,340 --> 00:12:36,700 Do not invoke, O Muhammad, besides your Worshipped One and Creator, anything that does not benefit you. 130 00:12:36,779 --> 00:12:39,659 Nor harms you in your religion or your worldly life. 131 00:12:40,139 --> 00:12:43,500 For if you were to do that, and invoked them besides Allah. 132 00:12:44,059 --> 00:12:48,779 Then you would be among the polytheists who wrong their own souls. 133 00:13:09,019 --> 00:13:12,299 And if Allah touches you, O Muhammad, with adversity. 134 00:13:12,779 --> 00:13:17,019 Then there is no remover of it except your Lord, who inflicted it upon you. 135 00:13:17,580 --> 00:13:21,019 And if your Lord intends for you any ease or blessing. 136 00:13:21,500 --> 00:13:25,500 Then no one can prevent His bounty from reaching you. 137 00:13:26,059 --> 00:13:34,539 Your Lord, O Muhammad, inflicts ease and trial upon whom He wills, which causes Him to intervene between you [and your desires]. 138 00:13:35,500 --> 00:13:41,899 Your Lord, O Muhammad, inflicts ease and trial upon whom He wills and chooses among His servants. 139 00:13:42,379 --> 00:13:46,620 And He is the Forgiving of the sins of those among His servants who repent and turn to Him. 140 00:13:47,019 --> 00:13:50,460 The Merciful to those among them who believe in Him and obey Him. 141 00:14:05,720 --> 00:14:11,720 And whoever goes astray, he only goes astray to his own detriment. 142 00:14:12,039 --> 00:14:17,639 “Say: O mankind! Now hath the Truth from your Lord come unto you. So whosoever is guided, is guided only for (the good of) his soul, and whosoever erreth erreth only against it. And I am not a warder over you.” (10:108) 143 00:14:18,679 --> 00:14:21,220 Say, O Muhammad, to the people: 144 00:14:21,860 --> 00:14:25,220 "O mankind, the Book of Allah has come to you." 145 00:14:25,700 --> 00:14:30,259 "In it is the clarification of everything that people need regarding the affairs of their religion." 146 00:14:30,940 --> 00:14:33,740 So whoever is upright and follows the path of truth. 147 00:14:34,460 --> 00:14:37,580 He only follows the straight path for his own benefit. 148 00:14:38,059 --> 00:14:40,940 For it is his own soul that he seeks to benefit by that action. 149 00:14:41,659 --> 00:14:44,460 And whoever deviates from the truth and opposes His religion. 150 00:14:44,940 --> 00:14:47,179 He only harms his own soul. 151 00:14:47,740 --> 00:14:51,340 And I am not a guardian over you to set you straight. 152 00:14:51,899 --> 00:14:53,899 Your affair is only with Allah. 153 00:14:54,539 --> 00:14:56,940 And I am only a messenger who delivers. 154 00:14:57,419 --> 00:15:00,539 I deliver to you that with which I have been sent to you. 155 00:15:01,899 --> 00:15:04,379 And follow what is revealed to you. 156 00:15:04,700 --> 00:15:08,779 “And (O Muhammad) follow that which is inspired in thee, and forbear until Allah give judgment. And He is the Best of Judges.” (10:109) 157 00:15:09,259 --> 00:15:12,779 And He is the best of judges. 158 00:15:16,570 --> 00:15:20,409 And follow, O Muhammad, the revelation of Allah that He reveals to you. 159 00:15:20,970 --> 00:15:26,409 And be patient regarding the harm and adversity that befalls you for the sake of Allah from the polytheists of your people. 160 00:15:26,970 --> 00:15:30,809 Until Allah judges between them and you with a decisive action. 161 00:15:31,450 --> 00:15:33,450 And He is the best of judges. 162 00:15:33,450 --> 00:15:38,840 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.