1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,200 In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful 2 00:00:05,169 --> 00:00:08,050 Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation 3 00:00:08,550 --> 00:00:12,710 It was summarized by Dr. Aqeel bin Salem Al-Shammari 4 00:00:13,919 --> 00:00:16,039 Surah Al-Baqarah 5 00:00:17,800 --> 00:00:22,800 In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful 6 00:00:23,390 --> 00:00:29,629 It is not righteousness to turn your faces towards the east and the west 7 00:00:29,629 --> 00:00:33,229 But righteousness is he who believes 8 00:00:33,429 --> 00:00:39,229 But righteousness is he who believes in God and the Last Day 9 00:00:39,229 --> 00:00:47,630 And the angels, the writers, and the prophets 10 00:00:47,630 --> 00:00:55,390 And give money out of love for his relatives and orphans 11 00:00:55,390 --> 00:01:02,270 And the poor and the wayfarers 12 00:01:02,270 --> 00:01:06,510 And the beggars and the necks 13 00:01:06,510 --> 00:01:12,510 And perform prayers and pay zakat 14 00:01:12,510 --> 00:01:16,510 And those who fulfill their promise when they make a covenant 15 00:01:16,510 --> 00:01:23,709 And those who are patient in times of hardship and adversity 16 00:01:23,709 --> 00:01:29,900 And in times of distress, those who are truthful 17 00:01:29,900 --> 00:01:36,909 And those are the righteous 18 00:02:01,549 --> 00:02:04,590 The one who passes by you while he is travelling 19 00:02:04,590 --> 00:02:07,150 And the seekers of food 20 00:02:07,150 --> 00:02:10,110 And in freeing slaves from slavery 21 00:02:10,110 --> 00:02:13,389 He perpetuated the work with prayer within its limits 22 00:02:13,389 --> 00:02:17,229 He gave zakat on what God imposed on him 23 00:02:17,229 --> 00:02:21,310 And those who do not break God's covenant after the treaty 24 00:02:21,310 --> 00:02:24,509 But they fulfill it and fulfill it 25 00:02:24,509 --> 00:02:28,750 And those who prevent themselves in the event of scarcity of funds 26 00:02:28,750 --> 00:02:30,590 And diseases in the bodies 27 00:02:30,669 --> 00:02:34,909 And when there is hardship, that is what God hates for them 28 00:02:34,909 --> 00:02:38,990 Those who held her captive obeyed what He commanded them to do 29 00:02:38,990 --> 00:02:42,990 And those who are patient in times of intense fighting in war 30 00:02:42,990 --> 00:02:46,750 Those who believed God in their faith 31 00:02:46,750 --> 00:02:49,870 They fulfilled their words with their actions 32 00:02:49,870 --> 00:02:52,830 And those who feared God's punishment 33 00:02:52,830 --> 00:02:55,069 So they avoided disobeying him 34 00:02:55,069 --> 00:02:58,669 They wereware of his promise and did not exceed its limits 35 00:02:58,669 --> 00:03:02,189 They feared him and performed his duties 36 00:03:03,139 --> 00:03:05,699 O you who believe! 37 00:03:05,699 --> 00:03:09,780 Retaliation for the dead has been decreed upon you 38 00:03:09,780 --> 00:03:13,300 Free for free and slave for slave 39 00:03:13,300 --> 00:03:17,780 And the female by the female 40 00:03:17,780 --> 00:03:21,699 Whoever is pardoned has nothing to do with his brother 41 00:03:21,699 --> 00:03:24,659 So follow what is right 42 00:03:24,659 --> 00:03:29,379 And do it kindly 43 00:03:29,379 --> 00:03:34,500 That is an alleviation from your Lord and His mercy 44 00:03:34,500 --> 00:03:37,060 Whoever assaults after that 45 00:03:37,060 --> 00:03:41,090 He will have a painful punishment 46 00:03:41,090 --> 00:03:45,330 Retaliation for the dead has been imposed on you, O believers 47 00:03:45,330 --> 00:03:47,490 To retaliate the free with the free 48 00:03:47,490 --> 00:03:49,250 And slave for slave 49 00:03:49,250 --> 00:03:51,569 And the female by the female 50 00:03:51,650 --> 00:03:56,210 Retaliation should not be extended to anyone other than the murderer or the perpetrator 51 00:03:56,210 --> 00:04:01,250 Whoever forgives him of the duty that his brother owed him in terms of food 52 00:04:01,250 --> 00:04:03,729 On the blood money he takes from him 53 00:04:03,729 --> 00:04:06,930 So follow what is right from the one who abstains from bloodshed 54 00:04:06,930 --> 00:04:09,090 As God has commanded 55 00:04:09,090 --> 00:04:14,050 Without adding to it what he does not have to do with regard to the obligations 56 00:04:14,050 --> 00:04:15,650 Or otherwise 57 00:04:15,650 --> 00:04:19,490 Or it imposes on him what God did not oblige him to do 58 00:04:19,490 --> 00:04:23,730 And the killer will give him what he owes with kindness 59 00:04:23,730 --> 00:04:26,449 Without really underestimating him 60 00:04:26,449 --> 00:04:30,129 Or it requires a requirement and a demand 61 00:04:30,129 --> 00:04:35,730 This is what I ruled regarding the permissibility of pardoning for blood money that you take 62 00:04:35,730 --> 00:04:37,810 Relieve me to you 63 00:04:37,810 --> 00:04:42,850 Which I burdened others with by forbidding them 64 00:04:42,850 --> 00:04:45,250 And my mercy to you 65 00:04:45,250 --> 00:04:49,410 Whoever transgresses what God has given him after taking the blood money 66 00:04:49,410 --> 00:04:51,490 Assault and darkness 67 00:04:51,490 --> 00:04:55,500 He will have a painful punishment, which is murder 68 00:04:55,500 --> 00:05:04,910 And there is life for you in retaliation, O people of understanding, that you may become righteous 69 00:05:04,910 --> 00:05:06,990 And to you, O people of intellect 70 00:05:06,990 --> 00:05:11,149 As it was imposed on you and made obligatory for some of you upon others 71 00:05:11,149 --> 00:05:14,910 From retaliation in souls, wounds and quarrels 72 00:05:14,910 --> 00:05:18,029 What prevented some of you from killing others? 73 00:05:18,110 --> 00:05:20,269 So you were greeted by that 74 00:05:20,269 --> 00:05:24,269 In my judgment, you will have life among yourselves 75 00:05:24,269 --> 00:05:29,100 Perhaps you will fear retaliation and refrain from killing 76 00:05:29,100 --> 00:05:33,100 It is decreed upon you when death approaches any of you 77 00:05:33,100 --> 00:05:41,660 If he leaves behind wealth, he will bequeath it to his parents and relatives in a reasonable manner 78 00:05:41,660 --> 00:05:46,779 Truly upon the righteous 79 00:05:46,860 --> 00:05:49,740 The commandment has been imposed on you, O believers 80 00:05:49,740 --> 00:05:53,579 If death approaches one of you if he leaves behind money 81 00:05:53,579 --> 00:05:58,540 The will is for parents and relatives who do not inherit from him 82 00:05:58,540 --> 00:06:02,379 What God has permitted and permitted in the will 83 00:06:02,379 --> 00:06:04,779 Which does not exceed a third 84 00:06:04,779 --> 00:06:08,220 The testator did not intend to wrong his heirs 85 00:06:08,220 --> 00:06:10,220 This is imposed on you 86 00:06:10,220 --> 00:06:14,689 He made it an obligation for those who fear God 87 00:06:14,689 --> 00:06:18,449 Who changed it after he heard it? 88 00:06:18,449 --> 00:06:24,129 Its sin is on those who change it 89 00:06:24,129 --> 00:06:29,939 God is All-Hearing, All-Knowing 90 00:06:29,939 --> 00:06:34,819 Other than what the testator recommended in his will, it is reasonable 91 00:06:34,819 --> 00:06:39,139 The sin of changing the will falls on the one who changes his will 92 00:06:39,139 --> 00:06:42,180 God hears your will 93 00:06:42,180 --> 00:06:48,300 He is All-Knowing of what your breasts conceal in terms of inclination towards truth and justice 94 00:06:48,300 --> 00:06:53,899 Whoever fears that the testator has committed misdeed or sin 95 00:06:53,899 --> 00:07:00,620 So he reconciled between them and there was no sin on him 96 00:07:00,620 --> 00:07:06,689 God is Forgiving and Merciful 97 00:07:06,689 --> 00:07:11,569 Whoever fears that the testator will incline towards something other than the truth by mistake on his part 98 00:07:11,569 --> 00:07:14,370 Or he intentionally commits a sin in his will 99 00:07:14,370 --> 00:07:19,009 To make a bequest to his parents and relatives who do not inherit from him 100 00:07:19,009 --> 00:07:23,649 More than it is permissible for him to bequeath to them from his money 101 00:07:23,649 --> 00:07:28,370 There is no problem for those who attend it to reconcile those to whom it is recommended 102 00:07:28,370 --> 00:07:31,730 And between the heirs of the deceased and the deceased 103 00:07:31,730 --> 00:07:34,449 To command the dead to do good 104 00:07:34,449 --> 00:07:40,930 God is Forgiving to the testator for whatever transgression and sin he caused himself 105 00:07:40,930 --> 00:07:46,850 He is merciful to the reconciliator between the testator and someone who wants to treat him unjustly 106 00:07:46,850 --> 00:07:49,389 Or he sins against him 107 00:07:49,389 --> 00:08:07,379 O you who have believed, fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may become righteous 108 00:08:07,459 --> 00:08:13,139 O you who have believed, it is obligatory upon you to fast the entire month of Ramadan 109 00:08:13,139 --> 00:08:17,620 It was also imposed on those before you from the People of the Book 110 00:08:17,620 --> 00:08:23,459 This is because those before us had the month of Ramadan imposed on them 111 00:08:23,459 --> 00:08:26,740 Just like what was imposed on us 112 00:08:26,740 --> 00:08:34,669 This is imposed so that you may avoid eating food, drinking beverages, or having sexual intercourse with women during your fast 113 00:08:34,669 --> 00:08:39,629 A few days 114 00:08:39,629 --> 00:08:49,870 Whoever of you is sick or on a journey, then a number of other days 115 00:08:49,870 --> 00:08:56,509 And those who can afford it must pay a ransom by feeding a poor person 116 00:08:56,509 --> 00:09:02,269 Whoever volunteers good, it will be better for him 117 00:09:02,269 --> 00:09:11,309 And that you fast is better for you, if you knew 118 00:09:11,309 --> 00:09:17,460 It is prescribed for you, O you who have believed, to fast for a number of days 119 00:09:17,460 --> 00:09:19,940 These are the days of Ramadan 120 00:09:19,940 --> 00:09:23,860 Whoever among you is sick, then he must fast 121 00:09:23,860 --> 00:09:26,419 Or he was healthy and not sick 122 00:09:26,419 --> 00:09:28,259 Or he was traveling 123 00:09:28,419 --> 00:09:33,700 He must fast several days that he broke his fast on other days 124 00:09:33,700 --> 00:09:36,580 And for those who are able to fast 125 00:09:36,580 --> 00:09:40,740 The reward of feeding a poor person for every day he breaks his fast 126 00:09:40,740 --> 00:09:44,659 Whoever volunteers good deeds must combine fasting with the ransom 127 00:09:44,659 --> 00:09:47,860 Or an increase for the poor person in addition to the ransom penalty 128 00:09:47,860 --> 00:09:49,620 It is better for him 129 00:09:49,620 --> 00:09:54,340 Because all of this comes from voluntary good deeds and voluntary acts of kindness 130 00:09:54,419 --> 00:09:58,259 And to fast what is prescribed for you during the month of Ramadan 131 00:09:58,259 --> 00:10:02,179 It is better for you than breaking your fast and making the ransom 132 00:10:02,179 --> 00:10:04,259 The verse has been abrogated 133 00:10:04,259 --> 00:10:10,340 If you knew the better of the two matters for you, O you who have believed 134 00:10:10,340 --> 00:10:15,620 The month of Ramadan in which the Qur’an was revealed 135 00:10:15,620 --> 00:10:18,820 Guidance for people 136 00:10:18,820 --> 00:10:27,059 Guidance for mankind and clear proofs of guidance and the Criterion 137 00:10:27,059 --> 00:10:33,059 Whoever among you witnesses the month should fast it 138 00:10:33,059 --> 00:10:37,539 Whoever is sick or traveling 139 00:10:37,539 --> 00:10:41,700 A number of other days 140 00:10:41,700 --> 00:10:44,580 God wants ease for you 141 00:10:44,580 --> 00:10:47,139 He does not want hardship for you 142 00:10:47,139 --> 00:10:51,620 And to complete the kit 143 00:10:51,620 --> 00:10:55,460 And glorify God for having guided you 144 00:10:55,460 --> 00:10:59,889 Perhaps you will be grateful 145 00:10:59,889 --> 00:11:02,370 The month of Ramadan has been prescribed for you 146 00:11:02,370 --> 00:11:07,090 Who sent down the Qur’an from the Preserved Tablet to the heaven of the world 147 00:11:07,090 --> 00:11:09,250 On the Night of Destiny 148 00:11:09,250 --> 00:11:13,649 Guiding people to the path of truth and the purpose of the method 149 00:11:13,730 --> 00:11:18,690 It is clear from the statement that indicates God’s limits and obligations 150 00:11:18,690 --> 00:11:20,850 And what is permissible and what is forbidden 151 00:11:20,850 --> 00:11:23,730 And the separation between truth and falsehood 152 00:11:23,730 --> 00:11:28,049 Whoever of you witnesses the month, let him fast what he witnesses 153 00:11:28,049 --> 00:11:32,529 Whoever is sick or traveling during the month, break his fast 154 00:11:32,529 --> 00:11:36,289 He must fast for the number of days that he broke his fast 155 00:11:36,289 --> 00:11:40,559 From days other than the days of Ramadan 156 00:11:40,720 --> 00:11:45,200 God wants you, O believers, to grant you permission 157 00:11:45,200 --> 00:11:48,159 Reducing and making it easier for you 158 00:11:48,159 --> 00:11:51,360 He does not want distress and hardship for you 159 00:11:51,360 --> 00:11:55,120 It will cost you to fast the month in these circumstances 160 00:11:55,120 --> 00:11:59,259 It would be a heavy burden for you if you were burdened with fasting 161 00:11:59,259 --> 00:12:03,500 And to complete the number of days you broke your fast on other days 162 00:12:03,500 --> 00:12:07,500 And glorify God with remembrance and glorification on the day of Fitr 163 00:12:07,500 --> 00:12:10,620 With the guidance He has bestowed upon you 164 00:12:10,620 --> 00:12:14,139 Which other boredom people have failed to do 165 00:12:14,139 --> 00:12:17,659 Those who are prescribed to fast the month of Ramadan 166 00:12:17,659 --> 00:12:21,340 They preferred him because God led them astray 167 00:12:21,340 --> 00:12:24,779 He distinguished you with His dignity and guided you to Him 168 00:12:24,779 --> 00:12:28,059 And thank God for what He has bestowed upon you 169 00:12:28,059 --> 00:12:30,620 Of guidance and success 170 00:12:30,620 --> 00:12:34,860 And He made things easy for you, and if He wished, they would be difficult for you 171 00:12:34,860 --> 00:12:42,379 And if My servants ask you about Me, I am near 172 00:12:42,379 --> 00:12:48,539 I answer the call of the supplicant when he calls 173 00:12:48,539 --> 00:12:58,019 Let them respond to Me and believe in Me, so that they may be guided 174 00:12:58,019 --> 00:13:02,740 And if he asks you, O Muhammad Abadi, about me, where am I? 175 00:13:02,740 --> 00:13:04,899 I am close to them 176 00:13:04,899 --> 00:13:09,139 I hear their prayers and answer the prayers of those who pray to them 177 00:13:09,139 --> 00:13:11,700 Let them respond to me with obedience 178 00:13:11,700 --> 00:13:15,139 And let them believe in me that I will answer them 179 00:13:15,139 --> 00:13:19,620 And so that they may be guided by their actions and thus guided 180 00:13:19,620 --> 00:13:26,419 It is permissible for you on the night of fasting to have sexual intercourse with your wives 181 00:13:26,419 --> 00:13:33,299 They are clothing for you and you are clothing for them 182 00:13:33,299 --> 00:13:40,500 God knew that you were betraying yourselves 183 00:13:40,500 --> 00:13:47,539 So He turned to you and pardoned you 184 00:13:47,539 --> 00:13:53,779 So now go ahead and seek what God has ordained for you 185 00:13:53,779 --> 00:13:59,379 And eat and drink until the white thread becomes clear to you 186 00:13:59,379 --> 00:14:03,220 From the black thread of dawn 187 00:14:03,220 --> 00:14:08,820 Then they continued fasting until nightfall 188 00:14:08,820 --> 00:14:16,659 And do not associate with them while you are attending the mosques 189 00:14:16,659 --> 00:14:21,139 These are the limits of God, so do not approach them 190 00:14:21,139 --> 00:14:29,860 Thus God makes clear His signs to the people, so that they may fear 191 00:14:30,769 --> 00:14:34,289 I allow you to have intercourse on the night of fasting 192 00:14:34,289 --> 00:14:38,929 Your women are clothing for you and you are clothing for them 193 00:14:38,929 --> 00:14:43,009 God knows that you are betraying them 194 00:14:43,009 --> 00:14:46,049 Because they were eating and drinking 195 00:14:46,049 --> 00:14:49,330 They come to women unless they are asleep 196 00:14:49,330 --> 00:14:54,129 When they sleep, they stop eating, drinking, and going to women 197 00:14:54,129 --> 00:14:57,809 So God accepted your repentance and pardoned you 198 00:14:57,889 --> 00:15:02,769 Now, if I have made it permissible for you to have sexual intercourse with your wives 199 00:15:02,769 --> 00:15:08,210 They had intercourse with them during the nights of the month of Ramadan until dawn came 200 00:15:08,210 --> 00:15:14,129 And they asked for what God had decreed regarding your intercourse with them regarding children and offspring 201 00:15:14,129 --> 00:15:17,970 Eat and drink at night during your month of fasting 202 00:15:17,970 --> 00:15:23,490 And be intimate with your wives, seeking what God has ordained for you of children 203 00:15:23,570 --> 00:15:27,889 From the beginning of the night until daylight falls upon you 204 00:15:27,889 --> 00:15:31,730 The dawn rises from the darkness of the night 205 00:15:31,730 --> 00:15:35,490 Then complete the fast until nightfall 206 00:15:35,490 --> 00:15:42,690 And do not have intercourse with your wives if you confine yourselves to worshiping God in mosques 207 00:15:42,690 --> 00:15:45,570 These are the things I have shown 208 00:15:45,570 --> 00:15:48,289 From eating, drinking and sexual intercourse 209 00:15:48,289 --> 00:15:51,009 And I commanded you to avoid it 210 00:15:51,009 --> 00:15:52,529 Do not approach it 211 00:15:52,529 --> 00:15:58,049 So you deserve the punishment that someone who transgresses my limits deserves 212 00:15:58,049 --> 00:16:01,360 He disobeyed my command and committed sins 213 00:16:01,360 --> 00:16:06,799 And as I explained to you, people, I have imposed obligations on you, such as fasting 214 00:16:06,799 --> 00:16:09,759 I made you aware of its limits and times 215 00:16:09,759 --> 00:16:13,600 And you don't have to do it when you are at home, traveling, or sick 216 00:16:13,600 --> 00:16:17,919 Thus I explain My rulings, what is permissible and what is forbidden 217 00:16:18,000 --> 00:16:22,399 My limits, commands, and prohibitions are in My Book and My revelation 218 00:16:22,399 --> 00:16:27,039 And on the tongue of my Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace, to the people 219 00:16:27,039 --> 00:16:30,000 May he fear my sins and transgressions 220 00:16:30,000 --> 00:16:33,470 They avoid my wrath and anger 221 00:16:33,470 --> 00:16:38,830 And do not consume your wealth among yourselves unjustly 222 00:16:38,830 --> 00:16:45,549 And bring it to the rulers 223 00:16:45,549 --> 00:16:55,870 To consume a portion of people’s money sinfully while you know 224 00:16:55,870 --> 00:16:59,629 And do not consume each other’s wealth unjustly 225 00:16:59,629 --> 00:17:02,909 And dispute your money to the rulers 226 00:17:02,909 --> 00:17:06,910 To eat a group of people's money forbidden 227 00:17:06,910 --> 00:17:11,150 And you eat that intentionally and knowingly 228 00:17:11,150 --> 00:17:17,900 That your doing so is a disobedience to God and a sin 229 00:17:17,900 --> 00:17:21,900 Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation