WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful 00:00:05.169 --> 00:00:08.050 Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation 00:00:08.550 --> 00:00:12.710 It was summarized by Dr. Aqeel bin Salem Al-Shammari 00:00:13.919 --> 00:00:16.039 Surah Al-Baqarah 00:00:17.800 --> 00:00:22.800 In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful 00:00:23.390 --> 00:00:29.629 It is not righteousness to turn your faces towards the east and the west 00:00:29.629 --> 00:00:33.229 But righteousness is he who believes 00:00:33.429 --> 00:00:39.229 But righteousness is he who believes in God and the Last Day 00:00:39.229 --> 00:00:47.630 And the angels, the writers, and the prophets 00:00:47.630 --> 00:00:55.390 And give money out of love for his relatives and orphans 00:00:55.390 --> 00:01:02.270 And the poor and the wayfarers 00:01:02.270 --> 00:01:06.510 And the beggars and the necks 00:01:06.510 --> 00:01:12.510 And perform prayers and pay zakat 00:01:12.510 --> 00:01:16.510 And those who fulfill their promise when they make a covenant 00:01:16.510 --> 00:01:23.709 And those who are patient in times of hardship and adversity 00:01:23.709 --> 00:01:29.900 And in times of distress, those who are truthful 00:01:29.900 --> 00:01:36.909 And those are the righteous 00:02:01.549 --> 00:02:04.590 The one who passes by you while he is travelling 00:02:04.590 --> 00:02:07.150 And the seekers of food 00:02:07.150 --> 00:02:10.110 And in freeing slaves from slavery 00:02:10.110 --> 00:02:13.389 He perpetuated the work with prayer within its limits 00:02:13.389 --> 00:02:17.229 He gave zakat on what God imposed on him 00:02:17.229 --> 00:02:21.310 And those who do not break God's covenant after the treaty 00:02:21.310 --> 00:02:24.509 But they fulfill it and fulfill it 00:02:24.509 --> 00:02:28.750 And those who prevent themselves in the event of scarcity of funds 00:02:28.750 --> 00:02:30.590 And diseases in the bodies 00:02:30.669 --> 00:02:34.909 And when there is hardship, that is what God hates for them 00:02:34.909 --> 00:02:38.990 Those who held her captive obeyed what He commanded them to do 00:02:38.990 --> 00:02:42.990 And those who are patient in times of intense fighting in war 00:02:42.990 --> 00:02:46.750 Those who believed God in their faith 00:02:46.750 --> 00:02:49.870 They fulfilled their words with their actions 00:02:49.870 --> 00:02:52.830 And those who feared God's punishment 00:02:52.830 --> 00:02:55.069 So they avoided disobeying him 00:02:55.069 --> 00:02:58.669 They wereware of his promise and did not exceed its limits 00:02:58.669 --> 00:03:02.189 They feared him and performed his duties 00:03:03.139 --> 00:03:05.699 O you who believe! 00:03:05.699 --> 00:03:09.780 Retaliation for the dead has been decreed upon you 00:03:09.780 --> 00:03:13.300 Free for free and slave for slave 00:03:13.300 --> 00:03:17.780 And the female by the female 00:03:17.780 --> 00:03:21.699 Whoever is pardoned has nothing to do with his brother 00:03:21.699 --> 00:03:24.659 So follow what is right 00:03:24.659 --> 00:03:29.379 And do it kindly 00:03:29.379 --> 00:03:34.500 That is an alleviation from your Lord and His mercy 00:03:34.500 --> 00:03:37.060 Whoever assaults after that 00:03:37.060 --> 00:03:41.090 He will have a painful punishment 00:03:41.090 --> 00:03:45.330 Retaliation for the dead has been imposed on you, O believers 00:03:45.330 --> 00:03:47.490 To retaliate the free with the free 00:03:47.490 --> 00:03:49.250 And slave for slave 00:03:49.250 --> 00:03:51.569 And the female by the female 00:03:51.650 --> 00:03:56.210 Retaliation should not be extended to anyone other than the murderer or the perpetrator 00:03:56.210 --> 00:04:01.250 Whoever forgives him of the duty that his brother owed him in terms of food 00:04:01.250 --> 00:04:03.729 On the blood money he takes from him 00:04:03.729 --> 00:04:06.930 So follow what is right from the one who abstains from bloodshed 00:04:06.930 --> 00:04:09.090 As God has commanded 00:04:09.090 --> 00:04:14.050 Without adding to it what he does not have to do with regard to the obligations 00:04:14.050 --> 00:04:15.650 Or otherwise 00:04:15.650 --> 00:04:19.490 Or it imposes on him what God did not oblige him to do 00:04:19.490 --> 00:04:23.730 And the killer will give him what he owes with kindness 00:04:23.730 --> 00:04:26.449 Without really underestimating him 00:04:26.449 --> 00:04:30.129 Or it requires a requirement and a demand 00:04:30.129 --> 00:04:35.730 This is what I ruled regarding the permissibility of pardoning for blood money that you take 00:04:35.730 --> 00:04:37.810 Relieve me to you 00:04:37.810 --> 00:04:42.850 Which I burdened others with by forbidding them 00:04:42.850 --> 00:04:45.250 And my mercy to you 00:04:45.250 --> 00:04:49.410 Whoever transgresses what God has given him after taking the blood money 00:04:49.410 --> 00:04:51.490 Assault and darkness 00:04:51.490 --> 00:04:55.500 He will have a painful punishment, which is murder 00:04:55.500 --> 00:05:04.910 And there is life for you in retaliation, O people of understanding, that you may become righteous 00:05:04.910 --> 00:05:06.990 And to you, O people of intellect 00:05:06.990 --> 00:05:11.149 As it was imposed on you and made obligatory for some of you upon others 00:05:11.149 --> 00:05:14.910 From retaliation in souls, wounds and quarrels 00:05:14.910 --> 00:05:18.029 What prevented some of you from killing others? 00:05:18.110 --> 00:05:20.269 So you were greeted by that 00:05:20.269 --> 00:05:24.269 In my judgment, you will have life among yourselves 00:05:24.269 --> 00:05:29.100 Perhaps you will fear retaliation and refrain from killing 00:05:29.100 --> 00:05:33.100 It is decreed upon you when death approaches any of you 00:05:33.100 --> 00:05:41.660 If he leaves behind wealth, he will bequeath it to his parents and relatives in a reasonable manner 00:05:41.660 --> 00:05:46.779 Truly upon the righteous 00:05:46.860 --> 00:05:49.740 The commandment has been imposed on you, O believers 00:05:49.740 --> 00:05:53.579 If death approaches one of you if he leaves behind money 00:05:53.579 --> 00:05:58.540 The will is for parents and relatives who do not inherit from him 00:05:58.540 --> 00:06:02.379 What God has permitted and permitted in the will 00:06:02.379 --> 00:06:04.779 Which does not exceed a third 00:06:04.779 --> 00:06:08.220 The testator did not intend to wrong his heirs 00:06:08.220 --> 00:06:10.220 This is imposed on you 00:06:10.220 --> 00:06:14.689 He made it an obligation for those who fear God 00:06:14.689 --> 00:06:18.449 Who changed it after he heard it? 00:06:18.449 --> 00:06:24.129 Its sin is on those who change it 00:06:24.129 --> 00:06:29.939 God is All-Hearing, All-Knowing 00:06:29.939 --> 00:06:34.819 Other than what the testator recommended in his will, it is reasonable 00:06:34.819 --> 00:06:39.139 The sin of changing the will falls on the one who changes his will 00:06:39.139 --> 00:06:42.180 God hears your will 00:06:42.180 --> 00:06:48.300 He is All-Knowing of what your breasts conceal in terms of inclination towards truth and justice 00:06:48.300 --> 00:06:53.899 Whoever fears that the testator has committed misdeed or sin 00:06:53.899 --> 00:07:00.620 So he reconciled between them and there was no sin on him 00:07:00.620 --> 00:07:06.689 God is Forgiving and Merciful 00:07:06.689 --> 00:07:11.569 Whoever fears that the testator will incline towards something other than the truth by mistake on his part 00:07:11.569 --> 00:07:14.370 Or he intentionally commits a sin in his will 00:07:14.370 --> 00:07:19.009 To make a bequest to his parents and relatives who do not inherit from him 00:07:19.009 --> 00:07:23.649 More than it is permissible for him to bequeath to them from his money 00:07:23.649 --> 00:07:28.370 There is no problem for those who attend it to reconcile those to whom it is recommended 00:07:28.370 --> 00:07:31.730 And between the heirs of the deceased and the deceased 00:07:31.730 --> 00:07:34.449 To command the dead to do good 00:07:34.449 --> 00:07:40.930 God is Forgiving to the testator for whatever transgression and sin he caused himself 00:07:40.930 --> 00:07:46.850 He is merciful to the reconciliator between the testator and someone who wants to treat him unjustly 00:07:46.850 --> 00:07:49.389 Or he sins against him 00:07:49.389 --> 00:08:07.379 O you who have believed, fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may become righteous 00:08:07.459 --> 00:08:13.139 O you who have believed, it is obligatory upon you to fast the entire month of Ramadan 00:08:13.139 --> 00:08:17.620 It was also imposed on those before you from the People of the Book 00:08:17.620 --> 00:08:23.459 This is because those before us had the month of Ramadan imposed on them 00:08:23.459 --> 00:08:26.740 Just like what was imposed on us 00:08:26.740 --> 00:08:34.669 This is imposed so that you may avoid eating food, drinking beverages, or having sexual intercourse with women during your fast 00:08:34.669 --> 00:08:39.629 A few days 00:08:39.629 --> 00:08:49.870 Whoever of you is sick or on a journey, then a number of other days 00:08:49.870 --> 00:08:56.509 And those who can afford it must pay a ransom by feeding a poor person 00:08:56.509 --> 00:09:02.269 Whoever volunteers good, it will be better for him 00:09:02.269 --> 00:09:11.309 And that you fast is better for you, if you knew 00:09:11.309 --> 00:09:17.460 It is prescribed for you, O you who have believed, to fast for a number of days 00:09:17.460 --> 00:09:19.940 These are the days of Ramadan 00:09:19.940 --> 00:09:23.860 Whoever among you is sick, then he must fast 00:09:23.860 --> 00:09:26.419 Or he was healthy and not sick 00:09:26.419 --> 00:09:28.259 Or he was traveling 00:09:28.419 --> 00:09:33.700 He must fast several days that he broke his fast on other days 00:09:33.700 --> 00:09:36.580 And for those who are able to fast 00:09:36.580 --> 00:09:40.740 The reward of feeding a poor person for every day he breaks his fast 00:09:40.740 --> 00:09:44.659 Whoever volunteers good deeds must combine fasting with the ransom 00:09:44.659 --> 00:09:47.860 Or an increase for the poor person in addition to the ransom penalty 00:09:47.860 --> 00:09:49.620 It is better for him 00:09:49.620 --> 00:09:54.340 Because all of this comes from voluntary good deeds and voluntary acts of kindness 00:09:54.419 --> 00:09:58.259 And to fast what is prescribed for you during the month of Ramadan 00:09:58.259 --> 00:10:02.179 It is better for you than breaking your fast and making the ransom 00:10:02.179 --> 00:10:04.259 The verse has been abrogated 00:10:04.259 --> 00:10:10.340 If you knew the better of the two matters for you, O you who have believed 00:10:10.340 --> 00:10:15.620 The month of Ramadan in which the Qur’an was revealed 00:10:15.620 --> 00:10:18.820 Guidance for people 00:10:18.820 --> 00:10:27.059 Guidance for mankind and clear proofs of guidance and the Criterion 00:10:27.059 --> 00:10:33.059 Whoever among you witnesses the month should fast it 00:10:33.059 --> 00:10:37.539 Whoever is sick or traveling 00:10:37.539 --> 00:10:41.700 A number of other days 00:10:41.700 --> 00:10:44.580 God wants ease for you 00:10:44.580 --> 00:10:47.139 He does not want hardship for you 00:10:47.139 --> 00:10:51.620 And to complete the kit 00:10:51.620 --> 00:10:55.460 And glorify God for having guided you 00:10:55.460 --> 00:10:59.889 Perhaps you will be grateful 00:10:59.889 --> 00:11:02.370 The month of Ramadan has been prescribed for you 00:11:02.370 --> 00:11:07.090 Who sent down the Qur’an from the Preserved Tablet to the heaven of the world 00:11:07.090 --> 00:11:09.250 On the Night of Destiny 00:11:09.250 --> 00:11:13.649 Guiding people to the path of truth and the purpose of the method 00:11:13.730 --> 00:11:18.690 It is clear from the statement that indicates God’s limits and obligations 00:11:18.690 --> 00:11:20.850 And what is permissible and what is forbidden 00:11:20.850 --> 00:11:23.730 And the separation between truth and falsehood 00:11:23.730 --> 00:11:28.049 Whoever of you witnesses the month, let him fast what he witnesses 00:11:28.049 --> 00:11:32.529 Whoever is sick or traveling during the month, break his fast 00:11:32.529 --> 00:11:36.289 He must fast for the number of days that he broke his fast 00:11:36.289 --> 00:11:40.559 From days other than the days of Ramadan 00:11:40.720 --> 00:11:45.200 God wants you, O believers, to grant you permission 00:11:45.200 --> 00:11:48.159 Reducing and making it easier for you 00:11:48.159 --> 00:11:51.360 He does not want distress and hardship for you 00:11:51.360 --> 00:11:55.120 It will cost you to fast the month in these circumstances 00:11:55.120 --> 00:11:59.259 It would be a heavy burden for you if you were burdened with fasting 00:11:59.259 --> 00:12:03.500 And to complete the number of days you broke your fast on other days 00:12:03.500 --> 00:12:07.500 And glorify God with remembrance and glorification on the day of Fitr 00:12:07.500 --> 00:12:10.620 With the guidance He has bestowed upon you 00:12:10.620 --> 00:12:14.139 Which other boredom people have failed to do 00:12:14.139 --> 00:12:17.659 Those who are prescribed to fast the month of Ramadan 00:12:17.659 --> 00:12:21.340 They preferred him because God led them astray 00:12:21.340 --> 00:12:24.779 He distinguished you with His dignity and guided you to Him 00:12:24.779 --> 00:12:28.059 And thank God for what He has bestowed upon you 00:12:28.059 --> 00:12:30.620 Of guidance and success 00:12:30.620 --> 00:12:34.860 And He made things easy for you, and if He wished, they would be difficult for you 00:12:34.860 --> 00:12:42.379 And if My servants ask you about Me, I am near 00:12:42.379 --> 00:12:48.539 I answer the call of the supplicant when he calls 00:12:48.539 --> 00:12:58.019 Let them respond to Me and believe in Me, so that they may be guided 00:12:58.019 --> 00:13:02.740 And if he asks you, O Muhammad Abadi, about me, where am I? 00:13:02.740 --> 00:13:04.899 I am close to them 00:13:04.899 --> 00:13:09.139 I hear their prayers and answer the prayers of those who pray to them 00:13:09.139 --> 00:13:11.700 Let them respond to me with obedience 00:13:11.700 --> 00:13:15.139 And let them believe in me that I will answer them 00:13:15.139 --> 00:13:19.620 And so that they may be guided by their actions and thus guided 00:13:19.620 --> 00:13:26.419 It is permissible for you on the night of fasting to have sexual intercourse with your wives 00:13:26.419 --> 00:13:33.299 They are clothing for you and you are clothing for them 00:13:33.299 --> 00:13:40.500 God knew that you were betraying yourselves 00:13:40.500 --> 00:13:47.539 So He turned to you and pardoned you 00:13:47.539 --> 00:13:53.779 So now go ahead and seek what God has ordained for you 00:13:53.779 --> 00:13:59.379 And eat and drink until the white thread becomes clear to you 00:13:59.379 --> 00:14:03.220 From the black thread of dawn 00:14:03.220 --> 00:14:08.820 Then they continued fasting until nightfall 00:14:08.820 --> 00:14:16.659 And do not associate with them while you are attending the mosques 00:14:16.659 --> 00:14:21.139 These are the limits of God, so do not approach them 00:14:21.139 --> 00:14:29.860 Thus God makes clear His signs to the people, so that they may fear 00:14:30.769 --> 00:14:34.289 I allow you to have intercourse on the night of fasting 00:14:34.289 --> 00:14:38.929 Your women are clothing for you and you are clothing for them 00:14:38.929 --> 00:14:43.009 God knows that you are betraying them 00:14:43.009 --> 00:14:46.049 Because they were eating and drinking 00:14:46.049 --> 00:14:49.330 They come to women unless they are asleep 00:14:49.330 --> 00:14:54.129 When they sleep, they stop eating, drinking, and going to women 00:14:54.129 --> 00:14:57.809 So God accepted your repentance and pardoned you 00:14:57.889 --> 00:15:02.769 Now, if I have made it permissible for you to have sexual intercourse with your wives 00:15:02.769 --> 00:15:08.210 They had intercourse with them during the nights of the month of Ramadan until dawn came 00:15:08.210 --> 00:15:14.129 And they asked for what God had decreed regarding your intercourse with them regarding children and offspring 00:15:14.129 --> 00:15:17.970 Eat and drink at night during your month of fasting 00:15:17.970 --> 00:15:23.490 And be intimate with your wives, seeking what God has ordained for you of children 00:15:23.570 --> 00:15:27.889 From the beginning of the night until daylight falls upon you 00:15:27.889 --> 00:15:31.730 The dawn rises from the darkness of the night 00:15:31.730 --> 00:15:35.490 Then complete the fast until nightfall 00:15:35.490 --> 00:15:42.690 And do not have intercourse with your wives if you confine yourselves to worshiping God in mosques 00:15:42.690 --> 00:15:45.570 These are the things I have shown 00:15:45.570 --> 00:15:48.289 From eating, drinking and sexual intercourse 00:15:48.289 --> 00:15:51.009 And I commanded you to avoid it 00:15:51.009 --> 00:15:52.529 Do not approach it 00:15:52.529 --> 00:15:58.049 So you deserve the punishment that someone who transgresses my limits deserves 00:15:58.049 --> 00:16:01.360 He disobeyed my command and committed sins 00:16:01.360 --> 00:16:06.799 And as I explained to you, people, I have imposed obligations on you, such as fasting 00:16:06.799 --> 00:16:09.759 I made you aware of its limits and times 00:16:09.759 --> 00:16:13.600 And you don't have to do it when you are at home, traveling, or sick 00:16:13.600 --> 00:16:17.919 Thus I explain My rulings, what is permissible and what is forbidden 00:16:18.000 --> 00:16:22.399 My limits, commands, and prohibitions are in My Book and My revelation 00:16:22.399 --> 00:16:27.039 And on the tongue of my Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace, to the people 00:16:27.039 --> 00:16:30.000 May he fear my sins and transgressions 00:16:30.000 --> 00:16:33.470 They avoid my wrath and anger 00:16:33.470 --> 00:16:38.830 And do not consume your wealth among yourselves unjustly 00:16:38.830 --> 00:16:45.549 And bring it to the rulers 00:16:45.549 --> 00:16:55.870 To consume a portion of people’s money sinfully while you know 00:16:55.870 --> 00:16:59.629 And do not consume each other’s wealth unjustly 00:16:59.629 --> 00:17:02.909 And dispute your money to the rulers 00:17:02.909 --> 00:17:06.910 To eat a group of people's money forbidden 00:17:06.910 --> 00:17:11.150 And you eat that intentionally and knowingly 00:17:11.150 --> 00:17:17.900 That your doing so is a disobedience to God and a sin 00:17:17.900 --> 00:17:21.900 Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation