1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:05,160 --> 00:00:08,039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 3 00:00:08,630 --> 00:00:12,710 Abridged by Dr. Aqil Ibn Salim al-Shammar. 4 00:00:14,089 --> 00:00:16,649 Surah al-Shams (The Sun). 5 00:00:18,410 --> 00:00:22,530 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 6 00:00:22,530 --> 00:00:25,170 By the sun and its brightness. 7 00:00:25,170 --> 00:00:28,250 And by the moon as it follows it. 8 00:00:28,250 --> 00:00:32,369 And by the day as it reveals it. 9 00:00:32,409 --> 00:00:35,689 And by the night as it covers it. 10 00:00:35,689 --> 00:00:40,689 And by the sky and He who built it. 11 00:00:40,689 --> 00:00:43,689 And by the earth and He who spread it. 12 00:00:43,689 --> 00:00:47,689 And by the soul and He who proportioned it. 13 00:00:47,689 --> 00:00:51,850 And inspired it with its wickedness and its righteousness. 14 00:00:53,219 --> 00:00:56,780 Allah, may His praise be exalted, swears by the sun and its daylight. 15 00:00:56,780 --> 00:01:00,140 This is because the light of the visible sun is what constitutes the day. 16 00:01:00,140 --> 00:01:02,789 And by the moon as it follows the sun. 17 00:01:02,990 --> 00:01:06,510 And by the day as it reveals the sun through its illumination. 18 00:01:06,510 --> 00:01:09,230 And by the night as it covers the sun. 19 00:01:09,230 --> 00:01:12,189 Until it sets and the horizons grow dark. 20 00:01:12,189 --> 00:01:14,859 And by the sky and He who built it. 21 00:01:14,859 --> 00:01:20,019 It is also permissible to interpret this as referring to the sky and its construction. 22 00:01:20,019 --> 00:01:25,250 And by the earth and He who spread it out to the right, to the left, and on every side. 23 00:01:25,250 --> 00:01:27,870 And by the soul and He who proportioned it. 24 00:01:27,870 --> 00:01:29,390 Meaning, Himself. 25 00:01:29,709 --> 00:01:34,870 For He is the One who proportioned the souls and created them, perfecting their form. 26 00:01:34,870 --> 00:01:37,870 It is also possible that the meaning is: 27 00:01:37,870 --> 00:01:40,390 By the soul and its proportioning. 28 00:01:40,390 --> 00:01:43,629 And inspired it with its wickedness and its righteousness. 29 00:01:43,629 --> 00:01:44,829 He says: 30 00:01:44,829 --> 00:01:50,150 He made clear to it what it should perform or avoid, whether good or evil. 31 00:01:50,150 --> 00:01:53,549 And what constitutes obedience or disobedience. 32 00:01:53,549 --> 00:01:57,790 “He is indeed successful who causeth it to grow,” (91:9) 33 00:01:57,790 --> 00:02:02,469 “And he is indeed a failure who stunteth it.” (91:10) 34 00:02:02,469 --> 00:02:05,829 He has succeeded who has purified his soul. 35 00:02:05,829 --> 00:02:09,469 By increasing its goodness through cleansing it of disbelief and sins. 36 00:02:09,469 --> 00:02:12,789 And by rectifying it through righteous deeds. 37 00:02:12,789 --> 00:02:14,870 And he has failed in his pursuit. 38 00:02:14,870 --> 00:02:18,669 He did not attain what he sought and desired for his soul in terms of righteousness. 39 00:02:18,669 --> 00:02:23,150 He who has corrupted his soul, debased it, and lowered it. 40 00:02:23,150 --> 00:02:25,789 By abandoning it and withholding guidance from it. 41 00:02:25,830 --> 00:02:30,449 Until it committed sins and abandoned the obedience of Allah. 42 00:02:30,449 --> 00:02:34,129 Thamud denied [the truth] through their transgression. 43 00:02:34,129 --> 00:02:37,810 When the most wretched of them was sent forth. 44 00:02:37,810 --> 00:02:44,050 “And the messenger of Allah said: It is the she-camel of Allah, so let her drink!” (91:13) 45 00:02:44,050 --> 00:02:46,569 But they denied him and hamstrung her. 46 00:02:46,569 --> 00:02:53,169 “But they denied him, and they hamstrung her, so Allah doomed them for their sin and rased (their dwellings).” (91:14) 47 00:02:53,169 --> 00:02:57,759 And he does not fear the consequences thereof. 48 00:02:57,759 --> 00:03:03,319 The people of Thamud denied the punishment that Salih, peace be upon him, had promised them. 49 00:03:03,319 --> 00:03:07,439 That punishment was overwhelming, as it surged over them. 50 00:03:07,439 --> 00:03:09,879 When the most wretched of Thamud rose up. 51 00:03:09,879 --> 00:03:12,199 And he is Qudar Ibn Salif. 52 00:03:12,199 --> 00:03:16,840 Salih, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said to them: 53 00:03:16,840 --> 00:03:20,039 Beware of the she-camel of Allah and her drink. 54 00:03:20,039 --> 00:03:22,840 He warned them specifically regarding the she-camel's share of water. 55 00:03:22,840 --> 00:03:26,560 Because he had previously conveyed to them, by the command of Allah: 56 00:03:26,560 --> 00:03:28,840 That the she-camel had a turn to drink on one day. 57 00:03:28,840 --> 00:03:32,949 And they had their turn to drink on a day other than the she-camel's day. 58 00:03:32,949 --> 00:03:36,909 Yet they denied Salih regarding the news he brought them. 59 00:03:36,909 --> 00:03:39,349 So their Lord destroyed them. 60 00:03:39,349 --> 00:03:43,949 This was due to their disbelief in Him and their denial of His messenger, Salih. 61 00:03:43,949 --> 00:03:45,949 And their hamstringing of His she-camel. 62 00:03:45,949 --> 00:03:49,110 He leveled the destruction upon them all. 63 00:03:49,110 --> 00:03:51,590 Not a single one of them escaped. 64 00:03:51,590 --> 00:03:54,949 And He does not fear the consequences of His destruction upon them.