WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.630 --> 00:00:12.710 Abridged by Dr. Aqil Ibn Salim al-Shammar. 00:00:14.089 --> 00:00:16.649 Surah al-Shams (The Sun). 00:00:18.410 --> 00:00:22.530 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:22.530 --> 00:00:25.170 By the sun and its brightness. 00:00:25.170 --> 00:00:28.250 And by the moon as it follows it. 00:00:28.250 --> 00:00:32.369 And by the day as it reveals it. 00:00:32.409 --> 00:00:35.689 And by the night as it covers it. 00:00:35.689 --> 00:00:40.689 And by the sky and He who built it. 00:00:40.689 --> 00:00:43.689 And by the earth and He who spread it. 00:00:43.689 --> 00:00:47.689 And by the soul and He who proportioned it. 00:00:47.689 --> 00:00:51.850 And inspired it with its wickedness and its righteousness. 00:00:53.219 --> 00:00:56.780 Allah, may His praise be exalted, swears by the sun and its daylight. 00:00:56.780 --> 00:01:00.140 This is because the light of the visible sun is what constitutes the day. 00:01:00.140 --> 00:01:02.789 And by the moon as it follows the sun. 00:01:02.990 --> 00:01:06.510 And by the day as it reveals the sun through its illumination. 00:01:06.510 --> 00:01:09.230 And by the night as it covers the sun. 00:01:09.230 --> 00:01:12.189 Until it sets and the horizons grow dark. 00:01:12.189 --> 00:01:14.859 And by the sky and He who built it. 00:01:14.859 --> 00:01:20.019 It is also permissible to interpret this as referring to the sky and its construction. 00:01:20.019 --> 00:01:25.250 And by the earth and He who spread it out to the right, to the left, and on every side. 00:01:25.250 --> 00:01:27.870 And by the soul and He who proportioned it. 00:01:27.870 --> 00:01:29.390 Meaning, Himself. 00:01:29.709 --> 00:01:34.870 For He is the One who proportioned the souls and created them, perfecting their form. 00:01:34.870 --> 00:01:37.870 It is also possible that the meaning is: 00:01:37.870 --> 00:01:40.390 By the soul and its proportioning. 00:01:40.390 --> 00:01:43.629 And inspired it with its wickedness and its righteousness. 00:01:43.629 --> 00:01:44.829 He says: 00:01:44.829 --> 00:01:50.150 He made clear to it what it should perform or avoid, whether good or evil. 00:01:50.150 --> 00:01:53.549 And what constitutes obedience or disobedience. 00:01:53.549 --> 00:01:57.790 “He is indeed successful who causeth it to grow,” (91:9) 00:01:57.790 --> 00:02:02.469 “And he is indeed a failure who stunteth it.” (91:10) 00:02:02.469 --> 00:02:05.829 He has succeeded who has purified his soul. 00:02:05.829 --> 00:02:09.469 By increasing its goodness through cleansing it of disbelief and sins. 00:02:09.469 --> 00:02:12.789 And by rectifying it through righteous deeds. 00:02:12.789 --> 00:02:14.870 And he has failed in his pursuit. 00:02:14.870 --> 00:02:18.669 He did not attain what he sought and desired for his soul in terms of righteousness. 00:02:18.669 --> 00:02:23.150 He who has corrupted his soul, debased it, and lowered it. 00:02:23.150 --> 00:02:25.789 By abandoning it and withholding guidance from it. 00:02:25.830 --> 00:02:30.449 Until it committed sins and abandoned the obedience of Allah. 00:02:30.449 --> 00:02:34.129 Thamud denied [the truth] through their transgression. 00:02:34.129 --> 00:02:37.810 When the most wretched of them was sent forth. 00:02:37.810 --> 00:02:44.050 “And the messenger of Allah said: It is the she-camel of Allah, so let her drink!” (91:13) 00:02:44.050 --> 00:02:46.569 But they denied him and hamstrung her. 00:02:46.569 --> 00:02:53.169 “But they denied him, and they hamstrung her, so Allah doomed them for their sin and rased (their dwellings).” (91:14) 00:02:53.169 --> 00:02:57.759 And he does not fear the consequences thereof. 00:02:57.759 --> 00:03:03.319 The people of Thamud denied the punishment that Salih, peace be upon him, had promised them. 00:03:03.319 --> 00:03:07.439 That punishment was overwhelming, as it surged over them. 00:03:07.439 --> 00:03:09.879 When the most wretched of Thamud rose up. 00:03:09.879 --> 00:03:12.199 And he is Qudar Ibn Salif. 00:03:12.199 --> 00:03:16.840 Salih, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said to them: 00:03:16.840 --> 00:03:20.039 Beware of the she-camel of Allah and her drink. 00:03:20.039 --> 00:03:22.840 He warned them specifically regarding the she-camel's share of water. 00:03:22.840 --> 00:03:26.560 Because he had previously conveyed to them, by the command of Allah: 00:03:26.560 --> 00:03:28.840 That the she-camel had a turn to drink on one day. 00:03:28.840 --> 00:03:32.949 And they had their turn to drink on a day other than the she-camel's day. 00:03:32.949 --> 00:03:36.909 Yet they denied Salih regarding the news he brought them. 00:03:36.909 --> 00:03:39.349 So their Lord destroyed them. 00:03:39.349 --> 00:03:43.949 This was due to their disbelief in Him and their denial of His messenger, Salih. 00:03:43.949 --> 00:03:45.949 And their hamstringing of His she-camel. 00:03:45.949 --> 00:03:49.110 He leveled the destruction upon them all. 00:03:49.110 --> 00:03:51.590 Not a single one of them escaped. 00:03:51.590 --> 00:03:54.949 And He does not fear the consequences of His destruction upon them.