1 00:00:00,020 --> 00:00:04,019 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. 2 00:00:04,019 --> 00:00:09,460 Mawaddah Association presents: 3 00:00:09,460 --> 00:00:12,460 "It Happened in Ramadan," 4 00:00:12,460 --> 00:00:16,850 by 'Abd al-Rahman Ra'fat al-Basha. 5 00:00:16,850 --> 00:00:21,449 "The Day of 'Ayn Jalut." 6 00:00:21,449 --> 00:00:26,449 “Say: If your fathers, and your sons, and your brethren, and your wives, and your tribe, and the wealth ye have acquired, and merchandise for which ye fear that there will no sale, and dwellings ye desire are dearer to you than Allah and His messenger and striving in His way: then wait till Allah bringeth His command to pass. Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:24) 7 00:00:26,449 --> 00:00:31,449 ◁and your brothers, your spouses, your clan,▷ 8 00:00:31,449 --> 00:00:36,450 ◁and wealth which you have acquired,▷ 9 00:00:36,450 --> 00:00:40,450 ◁and trade wherein you fear decline,▷ 10 00:00:40,450 --> 00:00:44,450 ◁and trade wherein you fear decline,▷ 11 00:00:44,450 --> 00:00:46,450 ◁and dwellings which you please,▷ 12 00:00:46,450 --> 00:00:54,450 “Say: If your fathers, and your sons, and your brethren, and your wives, and your tribe, and the wealth ye have acquired, and merchandise for which ye fear that there will no sale, and dwellings ye desire are dearer to you than Allah and His messenger and striving in His way: then wait till Allah bringeth His command to pass. Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:24) 13 00:00:54,450 --> 00:00:57,450 ◁and striving in His cause,▷ 14 00:00:57,450 --> 00:01:03,450 “Say: If your fathers, and your sons, and your brethren, and your wives, and your tribe, and the wealth ye have acquired, and merchandise for which ye fear that there will no sale, and dwellings ye desire are dearer to you than Allah and His messenger and striving in His way: then wait till Allah bringeth His command to pass. Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:24) 15 00:01:03,450 --> 00:01:07,450 ◁And Allah does not guide the defiantly disobedient people.▷ 16 00:01:07,450 --> 00:01:11,739 In the year 658 AH, 17 00:01:11,739 --> 00:01:15,739 the Islamic world witnessed one of the monumental days of Allah, 18 00:01:15,739 --> 00:01:18,739 in which Allah elevated the Muslims from humiliation to honor, 19 00:01:18,739 --> 00:01:20,739 strengthened them from weakness, 20 00:01:20,739 --> 00:01:22,739 granted them security from fear, 21 00:01:22,739 --> 00:01:26,930 and granted them victory over an enemy that surpassed them in arms and equipment, 22 00:01:26,930 --> 00:01:31,090 and vastly outnumbered them many times over. 23 00:01:31,090 --> 00:01:35,090 The hero of this day was a young man who grew up in obedience to Allah, 24 00:01:35,090 --> 00:01:37,090 dedicated himself sincerely to Allah, 25 00:01:37,090 --> 00:01:40,090 and resolved firmly to champion His religion. 26 00:01:40,090 --> 00:01:42,090 Allah accepted his intention, 27 00:01:42,090 --> 00:01:45,090 reinforced his resolve, elevated his renown, 28 00:01:45,090 --> 00:01:49,500 and honored him with a momentous day among the days of Allah. 29 00:01:49,500 --> 00:01:51,500 As for that momentous day, 30 00:01:51,500 --> 00:01:53,500 it was the Day of 'Ayn Jalut; 31 00:01:53,500 --> 00:01:55,500 and as for the hero of this day, 32 00:01:55,500 --> 00:01:57,500 he was al-Malik al-Muzaffar 33 00:01:57,500 --> 00:01:59,500 Sayf al-Din Qutuz. 34 00:01:59,500 --> 00:02:01,540 This glorious day, 35 00:02:01,540 --> 00:02:03,540 and its great hero, 36 00:02:03,540 --> 00:02:06,540 hold one of the most magnificent tales of valor. 37 00:02:06,540 --> 00:02:09,889 At the dawn of the seventh century of the Hijrah, 38 00:02:09,889 --> 00:02:12,889 an unruly, savage people surged forth from the outer fringes of China, 39 00:02:12,889 --> 00:02:14,889 too numerous to count, 40 00:02:14,889 --> 00:02:16,889 and impossible to reckon. 41 00:02:16,889 --> 00:02:19,889 They swept over mankind like a devastating hurricane, 42 00:02:19,889 --> 00:02:22,949 overrunning realms, toppling states, 43 00:02:22,949 --> 00:02:26,949 annihilating armies, and destroying crops and cattle. 44 00:02:26,949 --> 00:02:29,949 Within a remarkably short span of time, 45 00:02:29,949 --> 00:02:32,949 they succeeded in subjugating China and Korea, 46 00:02:32,949 --> 00:02:34,949 while sweeping in another direction 47 00:02:34,949 --> 00:02:36,949 across Bulgaria and Russia, 48 00:02:36,949 --> 00:02:38,949 Hungary and Poland; 49 00:02:38,949 --> 00:02:40,949 and in a third direction, bringing under their heel 50 00:02:40,949 --> 00:02:43,949 Turkestan, Samarqand, and Bukhara. 51 00:02:43,949 --> 00:02:45,949 Beyond all that, they swallowed up 52 00:02:45,949 --> 00:02:48,949 Rayy, Hamadan, and the mountainous lands of Jibal, 53 00:02:48,949 --> 00:02:51,949 devouring Sijistan, Kirman, Ghazna, 54 00:02:51,949 --> 00:02:54,949 and the neighboring lands of India, 55 00:02:54,949 --> 00:02:57,949 until there remained not a single nation on the face of the earth 56 00:02:57,949 --> 00:03:00,949 whose heart did not tremble with sheer terror before them, 57 00:03:00,949 --> 00:03:04,949 awaiting its impending doom at their hands. 58 00:03:04,949 --> 00:03:07,080 That was the nation of the Tatars, 59 00:03:07,080 --> 00:03:09,080 or rather, the nation of total ruin. 60 00:03:09,080 --> 00:03:13,430 Yet this nation brought upon the lands of the Muslims such destruction 61 00:03:13,430 --> 00:03:16,430 as it had visited upon no other land, 62 00:03:16,430 --> 00:03:18,430 and unleashed upon them horrors 63 00:03:18,430 --> 00:03:21,430 that made the skins of historians crawl, 64 00:03:21,430 --> 00:03:24,430 and their pens tremble as they wrote. 65 00:03:24,430 --> 00:03:27,430 Sir Thomas Arnold described 66 00:03:27,430 --> 00:03:31,430 what they committed during their invasion of the Islamic lands, 67 00:03:31,430 --> 00:03:34,430 stating that the history of Islam— 68 00:03:34,430 --> 00:03:37,430 despite the countless calamities that befell it— 69 00:03:37,430 --> 00:03:40,430 had never known a catastrophe more harrowing than the Tatar invasions. 70 00:03:40,430 --> 00:03:43,430 The hordes of Genghis Khan poured 71 00:03:43,430 --> 00:03:47,430 into the Muslim lands like avalanches cascading from mountain peaks, 72 00:03:47,430 --> 00:03:50,430 sweeping away the great Islamic metropolises in their path, 73 00:03:50,430 --> 00:03:54,430 obliterating all the civilization and culture they contained, 74 00:03:54,430 --> 00:03:57,430 and leaving behind throughout those lands 75 00:03:57,430 --> 00:04:00,430 nothing but ruins and desolation. 76 00:04:00,430 --> 00:04:02,460 He went on to say 77 00:04:02,460 --> 00:04:05,460 that the day they swept through the flourishing city of Herat, 78 00:04:05,460 --> 00:04:08,460 they reduced it to a leveled, barren plain; 79 00:04:08,460 --> 00:04:10,460 and when they finally withdrew from it, 80 00:04:10,460 --> 00:04:15,460 no more than forty men of its original inhabitants crawled out from their hideouts. 81 00:04:15,460 --> 00:04:18,459 These wretched few 82 00:04:18,459 --> 00:04:21,459 were the sole remnants of a population 83 00:04:21,459 --> 00:04:25,459 that had once numbered well over one hundred thousand souls. 84 00:04:25,459 --> 00:04:27,660 And in the city of Bukhara, 85 00:04:27,660 --> 00:04:30,660 the sanctuary of scholars, the pious, and the righteous, 86 00:04:30,660 --> 00:04:32,660 the Tatars tore apart copies of the Qur'an, 87 00:04:32,660 --> 00:04:35,660 spreading them under the hooves of their horses in the stables 88 00:04:35,660 --> 00:04:37,660 to serve as litter, 89 00:04:37,660 --> 00:04:41,660 after slaughtering the men, enslaving the women, 90 00:04:41,660 --> 00:04:45,660 and reducing that ancient city to a mere trace of its former self. 91 00:04:45,660 --> 00:04:50,750 Yet the supreme catastrophe and greatest calamity struck Baghdad. 92 00:04:50,750 --> 00:04:52,750 In the month of Safar, 93 00:04:52,750 --> 00:04:55,750 in the year 656 AH, 94 00:04:55,750 --> 00:04:59,750 the capital of the world fell into the clutches of the Tatars— 95 00:04:59,750 --> 00:05:02,750 the seat of civilization, the sanctuary of the Caliphate, 96 00:05:02,750 --> 00:05:06,750 the city of al-Mansur, al-Rashid, and al-Mu'tasim. 97 00:05:06,750 --> 00:05:08,750 They brought down upon its magnificent quarters 98 00:05:08,750 --> 00:05:11,750 horrors that would turn newborn babes gray-haired, 99 00:05:11,750 --> 00:05:16,750 pillaging the ancient metropolis for forty consecutive days and nights. 100 00:05:16,750 --> 00:05:19,750 Throughout this rampage, they demolished palaces and mansions, 101 00:05:19,750 --> 00:05:21,750 blew up mosques and grand Friday prayer-halls, 102 00:05:21,750 --> 00:05:24,750 burned libraries and academies, 103 00:05:24,750 --> 00:05:27,750 destroyed hospitals and sufi hospices, 104 00:05:27,750 --> 00:05:29,750 and put their swords to necks 105 00:05:29,750 --> 00:05:33,750 until blood flowed through the alleyways like rivers. 106 00:05:33,750 --> 00:05:37,750 None were spared among its inhabitants save the Jews and Christians, 107 00:05:37,750 --> 00:05:42,910 whom they granted immunity for their lives and property to the exclusion of all others. 108 00:05:42,910 --> 00:05:47,910 They would summon a man from among the nobles and scholars of Baghdad, 109 00:05:47,910 --> 00:05:51,910 and he would emerge bringing his wife, sons, and daughters; 110 00:05:51,910 --> 00:05:56,910 then they would lay him on his brow and slaughter him like a sheep, 111 00:05:56,910 --> 00:06:01,910 enslaving whichever of his daughters they chose and slaughtering the rest. 112 00:06:01,910 --> 00:06:06,910 Among those they murdered was al-Musta'sim, the Caliph of the Muslims; 113 00:06:06,910 --> 00:06:10,910 they killed his two sons alongside him and took captive his three daughters: 114 00:06:10,910 --> 00:06:14,139 Fatimah, Khadijah, and Maryam. 115 00:06:14,139 --> 00:06:17,139 When those forty black days drew to a close, 116 00:06:17,139 --> 00:06:20,139 Baghdad had become a leveled, barren waste: 117 00:06:20,139 --> 00:06:23,139 no adhan was called from its minarets, 118 00:06:23,139 --> 00:06:26,139 no Qur'an was recited in its mosques, 119 00:06:26,139 --> 00:06:29,139 no Friday congregation was held in its grand sanctuaries, 120 00:06:29,139 --> 00:06:32,139 and no light of learning radiated from its academies. 121 00:06:32,139 --> 00:06:36,139 Historians differed regarding the number of its slain: 122 00:06:36,139 --> 00:06:40,139 one group estimated the dead at one million, 123 00:06:40,139 --> 00:06:45,139 while another held that they were a million or even more. 124 00:06:45,139 --> 00:06:48,259 When that decreed catastrophe had run its course, 125 00:06:48,259 --> 00:06:53,259 the corpses of the slain littered the roads like mounds. 126 00:06:53,259 --> 00:06:56,259 Soon afterward, rain fell upon them, 127 00:06:56,259 --> 00:06:59,259 disfiguring their forms and causing their rotting corpses to reek, 128 00:06:59,259 --> 00:07:03,259 which polluted the air and gave rise to a virulent plague. 129 00:07:03,259 --> 00:07:06,259 It spread from there to the lands of the Levant, 130 00:07:06,259 --> 00:07:09,259 and countless multitudes perished as a result. 131 00:07:09,259 --> 00:07:12,329 When a truce and safety were finally proclaimed in Baghdad, 132 00:07:12,329 --> 00:07:15,329 those who had been hiding beneath the earth emerged 133 00:07:15,329 --> 00:07:18,329 from pits, conduits, and tombs, 134 00:07:18,329 --> 00:07:20,329 appearing just like the dead. 135 00:07:20,329 --> 00:07:22,329 They failed to recognize one another, 136 00:07:22,329 --> 00:07:25,329 to the extent that a father did not know his own son, 137 00:07:25,329 --> 00:07:28,329 and a brother could not be certain of his brother. 138 00:07:28,329 --> 00:07:31,329 Yet before long, the plague harvested them too, 139 00:07:31,329 --> 00:07:34,329 and they joined those who had preceded them to the graves. 140 00:07:34,329 --> 00:07:38,459 Then the Tatars pushed their armies toward the Levant, 141 00:07:38,459 --> 00:07:41,459 and cities fell beneath their feet 142 00:07:41,459 --> 00:07:45,459 like autumn leaves falling from trees. 143 00:07:45,459 --> 00:07:49,459 Sheer terror marched before them, 144 00:07:49,459 --> 00:07:52,459 paralyzing the inhabitants and opening the gates of cities, 145 00:07:52,459 --> 00:07:54,459 which tempted them to invade Egypt, 146 00:07:54,459 --> 00:07:57,459 Allah's quiver on His earth, 147 00:07:57,459 --> 00:08:00,459 and to eliminate its ruler, Sayf al-Din Qutuz, 148 00:08:00,459 --> 00:08:03,459 the hero of the Battle of 'Ayn Jalut. 149 00:08:03,459 --> 00:08:06,779 So let us trace the life story of this commander— 150 00:08:06,779 --> 00:08:09,779 this singular warrior—from its very beginning. 151 00:08:09,779 --> 00:08:12,779 The young man, Mahmud Qutuz, 152 00:08:12,779 --> 00:08:15,779 traced his noble lineage back to the Khwarazmian kings. 153 00:08:15,779 --> 00:08:19,779 The Tatars had waged a devastating war against them, 154 00:08:19,779 --> 00:08:22,779 seizing their lands, widowing their women, 155 00:08:22,779 --> 00:08:24,779 and enslaving their children. 156 00:08:24,779 --> 00:08:26,779 Among those who were captured and enslaved 157 00:08:26,779 --> 00:08:28,779 was Mahmud Qutuz. 158 00:08:28,779 --> 00:08:31,779 He then passed through the hands of slave dealers, 159 00:08:31,779 --> 00:08:34,779 until he was bought by a prominent nobleman of Damascus, 160 00:08:34,779 --> 00:08:36,779 renowned for piety and righteousness, 161 00:08:36,779 --> 00:08:39,779 and known for his deep concern for the affairs of the Muslims, 162 00:08:39,779 --> 00:08:41,779 grieving over their misfortunes 163 00:08:41,779 --> 00:08:44,779 and caring for whatever troubled them. 164 00:08:44,779 --> 00:08:47,779 The young youth grew up under the care of this master, 165 00:08:47,779 --> 00:08:50,779 enjoying a noble, virtuous upbringing, 166 00:08:50,779 --> 00:08:53,779 combining brilliance of heart and nobility of spirit 167 00:08:53,779 --> 00:08:57,779 with sincerity of faith and the exalted guidance of Islam. 168 00:08:57,970 --> 00:09:01,970 He used to frequent the assemblies of the great scholar of Damascus, 169 00:09:01,970 --> 00:09:04,970 its venerable guide and practicing savant: 170 00:09:04,970 --> 00:09:07,970 'Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam, 171 00:09:07,970 --> 00:09:11,970 finding with him beneficial knowledge and sound admonition. 172 00:09:11,970 --> 00:09:14,970 He would listen eagerly to his discourses, 173 00:09:14,970 --> 00:09:17,970 which were ablaze with incitement to jihad, 174 00:09:17,970 --> 00:09:19,970 encouragement toward martyrdom, 175 00:09:19,970 --> 00:09:22,970 and censure of corrupt Muslim rulers. 176 00:09:23,970 --> 00:09:27,129 At that time, the lands of the Muslims 177 00:09:27,129 --> 00:09:30,129 were exposed to two massive, imminent invasions: 178 00:09:30,129 --> 00:09:33,129 an invasion coming from the West 179 00:09:33,129 --> 00:09:36,129 at the hands of the fanatical Crusaders, 180 00:09:36,129 --> 00:09:39,129 and an invasion coming from the East 181 00:09:39,129 --> 00:09:42,190 at the hands of the pagan Tatars. 182 00:09:42,190 --> 00:09:45,190 The Sheikh's sermons on jihad 183 00:09:45,190 --> 00:09:48,190 and martyrdom took complete hold of the youth, 184 00:09:48,190 --> 00:09:51,320 awakening his heart and intellect so profoundly 185 00:09:51,320 --> 00:09:55,320 that he saw the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, in a dream. 186 00:09:55,320 --> 00:09:59,320 He approached him amidst a troop of horsemen, 187 00:09:59,320 --> 00:10:03,320 with hair hanging down past his earlobes; 188 00:10:03,320 --> 00:10:07,320 as soon as he reached him, he dismounted from his horse, 189 00:10:07,320 --> 00:10:10,320 drew close to him, raised him firmly to his feet, 190 00:10:10,320 --> 00:10:13,320 struck him upon the chest, and said to him: 191 00:10:13,320 --> 00:10:17,320 "Rise, O Mahmud, and take this path to Egypt, 192 00:10:17,320 --> 00:10:20,450 for you will rule it and defeat the Tatars." 193 00:10:20,450 --> 00:10:25,450 Mahmud related his vision to his master, 'Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam, 194 00:10:25,450 --> 00:10:27,450 who rejoiced at it and prayed: 195 00:10:27,450 --> 00:10:30,450 "O Allah, fulfill the vision of Your servant Mahmud, 196 00:10:30,450 --> 00:10:36,669 just as You fulfilled the vision of Your servant and truthful Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him." 197 00:10:36,669 --> 00:10:38,669 From that day forth, 198 00:10:38,669 --> 00:10:41,669 Mahmud's soul yearned to travel to Egypt. 199 00:10:41,669 --> 00:10:44,669 His attachment to it grew all the stronger 200 00:10:44,669 --> 00:10:46,669 when his master departed for it; 201 00:10:46,669 --> 00:10:49,769 for al-Malik al-Salih Isma'il 202 00:10:49,769 --> 00:10:51,769 grew thoroughly weary of the shaykh, 203 00:10:51,769 --> 00:10:55,769 because he was inciting the people against him for abandoning jihad 204 00:10:55,769 --> 00:10:59,769 and for colluding with Allah's enemies among the Crusaders; 205 00:10:59,769 --> 00:11:01,769 so he banished him from the lands of the Levant, 206 00:11:01,769 --> 00:11:04,769 forcing him to depart for Egypt. 207 00:11:04,769 --> 00:11:10,149 Mahmud sought permission from his master to travel to the land of Egypt, 208 00:11:10,149 --> 00:11:12,149 to rejoin his shaykh. 209 00:11:12,149 --> 00:11:15,149 His master granted him leave, bid him farewell, and said: 210 00:11:15,149 --> 00:11:18,149 "Do not forget the vision you saw, O Mahmud; 211 00:11:18,149 --> 00:11:22,149 for whoever sees the Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in a dream 212 00:11:22,149 --> 00:11:24,149 has indeed seen him in truth." 213 00:11:24,149 --> 00:11:27,179 Mahmud entered the service of Egypt's rulers, 214 00:11:27,179 --> 00:11:30,179 where he began to display such diverse forms of valor 215 00:11:30,179 --> 00:11:33,179 and exhibit such varieties of wisdom and shrewdness 216 00:11:33,179 --> 00:11:35,179 as paved the way before him 217 00:11:35,179 --> 00:11:39,179 to become a major commander among the army's leaders, 218 00:11:39,179 --> 00:11:41,179 then the Sultan's deputy, 219 00:11:41,179 --> 00:11:43,179 and ultimately the King of Egypt, 220 00:11:43,179 --> 00:11:45,179 receiving the royal title al-Malik al-Muzaffar 221 00:11:45,179 --> 00:11:47,179 Sayf al-Din Qutuz. 222 00:11:47,179 --> 00:11:51,440 Barely had al-Malik al-Muzaffar established himself upon the throne of the land 223 00:11:51,440 --> 00:11:55,440 when Hulagu, the king of the Tatars, sent to him 224 00:11:55,440 --> 00:11:59,440 an epistle carried by five of his men, which read: 225 00:11:59,440 --> 00:12:02,440 "From the King of Kings of the East and the West, 226 00:12:02,440 --> 00:12:04,440 the Supreme Commander, 227 00:12:04,440 --> 00:12:06,440 to al-Malik al-Muzaffar 228 00:12:06,440 --> 00:12:10,440 and all the emirs of his realm in the Egyptian lands: 229 00:12:10,440 --> 00:12:13,440 Truly, you have an admonition in the fate of other lands, 230 00:12:13,440 --> 00:12:15,440 and a deterrent against resisting our resolve. 231 00:12:16,440 --> 00:12:18,440 Take heed, therefore, by the example of others, 232 00:12:18,440 --> 00:12:20,440 and surrender your affairs unto us. 233 00:12:20,440 --> 00:12:23,440 You have surely heard that we have conquered the lands 234 00:12:23,440 --> 00:12:26,440 and purged the earth of corruption; 235 00:12:26,440 --> 00:12:28,440 so flight is your only recourse, 236 00:12:28,440 --> 00:12:30,440 while relentless pursuit is ours. 237 00:12:30,440 --> 00:12:32,440 For our steeds are fleet of foot, 238 00:12:32,440 --> 00:12:34,440 our arrows pierce through all, 239 00:12:34,440 --> 00:12:36,440 our swords strike like thunderbolts, 240 00:12:36,440 --> 00:12:38,440 our hearts are unyielding as mountains, 241 00:12:38,440 --> 00:12:40,440 and our numbers are vast as the sands." 242 00:12:40,440 --> 00:12:43,440 Al-Malik al-Muzaffar gathered his emirs 243 00:12:43,440 --> 00:12:45,440 and consulted them regarding the matter, 244 00:12:45,440 --> 00:12:48,440 and their consensus was to meet the enemy in battle. 245 00:12:48,440 --> 00:12:51,570 He then ordered the execution of Hulagu's five emissaries, 246 00:12:51,570 --> 00:12:54,570 hung their heads upon the gate of Bab Zuwayla, 247 00:12:54,570 --> 00:12:58,570 and set about preparing for war with utmost vigor. 248 00:12:58,570 --> 00:13:02,600 Yet he observed the terror gripping the people regarding the Tatars 249 00:13:02,600 --> 00:13:05,600 and their dread that they and their cities would suffer 250 00:13:05,600 --> 00:13:07,600 the very same fate as Baghdad. 251 00:13:07,600 --> 00:13:09,600 So he hastened to address the matter 252 00:13:09,600 --> 00:13:12,600 by rekindling the flame of faith within their souls 253 00:13:12,600 --> 00:13:14,600 and turning the people back toward Allah. 254 00:13:14,600 --> 00:13:17,600 He established a bureau for jihad, 255 00:13:17,600 --> 00:13:20,600 entrusting its supervision to his teacher and the venerable shaykh of the Muslims, 256 00:13:20,600 --> 00:13:23,600 'Izz al-Din Ibn 'Abd al-Salam. 257 00:13:23,600 --> 00:13:26,820 'Izz al-Din Ibn 'Abd al-Salam relied upon the mosque 258 00:13:26,820 --> 00:13:29,820 to awaken slumbering hearts 259 00:13:29,820 --> 00:13:31,820 and invigorate their flagging resolve. 260 00:13:31,820 --> 00:13:33,820 He assembled the mosque preachers, 261 00:13:33,820 --> 00:13:37,820 instructed them on what they ought to deliver from the pulpits, 262 00:13:37,820 --> 00:13:40,820 and urged them to summon the people to jihad 263 00:13:40,820 --> 00:13:43,820 and inspire them with the desire for martyrdom. 264 00:13:43,820 --> 00:13:47,919 He refused to license any of those preachers 265 00:13:47,919 --> 00:13:49,919 until they had committed Surat al-Anfal 266 00:13:49,919 --> 00:13:52,919 and Surat al-Tawbah entirely to memory. 267 00:13:52,919 --> 00:13:54,919 As a result of this, 268 00:13:54,919 --> 00:13:57,919 the pulpits, homes, and marketplaces 269 00:13:57,919 --> 00:13:59,919 became vibrant with the recitation of the verses of battle, 270 00:13:59,919 --> 00:14:03,919 to the point that ordinary men, women, and children 271 00:14:03,919 --> 00:14:06,919 almost knew them entirely by heart. 272 00:14:06,919 --> 00:14:09,139 A profound religious fervor washed over 273 00:14:09,139 --> 00:14:11,139 the souls of all, 274 00:14:11,139 --> 00:14:13,139 encompassing every segment of society: 275 00:14:13,139 --> 00:14:16,139 the transgressive ceased committing sins, 276 00:14:16,139 --> 00:14:19,139 addicts abstained from drinking wine, 277 00:14:19,139 --> 00:14:21,139 the people turned back in penitence to Allah, 278 00:14:21,139 --> 00:14:24,139 the mosques overflowed with those bowing and prostrating, 279 00:14:24,139 --> 00:14:27,139 and the people had no talk left to occupy them 280 00:14:27,139 --> 00:14:30,139 except speaking of meeting the enemy of Allah and their enemy. 281 00:14:30,139 --> 00:14:35,460 Barely had al-Malik al-Muzaffar completed his military preparations 282 00:14:35,460 --> 00:14:37,460 when intelligence reached him 283 00:14:37,460 --> 00:14:40,460 of the Tatars advancing toward his lands 284 00:14:40,460 --> 00:14:43,460 to exact vengeance upon him for what he had done 285 00:14:43,460 --> 00:14:47,460 and to sack his realm as they had sacked Baghdad before. 286 00:14:47,460 --> 00:14:50,460 He rallied the people to jihad, 287 00:14:50,460 --> 00:14:53,460 and they answered his call, light and heavy, 288 00:14:53,460 --> 00:14:55,460 the elders and the youth, 289 00:14:55,460 --> 00:14:59,460 having pledged to themselves to attain one of the two best outcomes: 290 00:14:59,460 --> 00:15:01,460 victory or martyrdom. 291 00:15:01,460 --> 00:15:03,779 On Friday morning, 292 00:15:03,779 --> 00:15:06,779 five days remaining in Ramadan, 293 00:15:06,779 --> 00:15:09,779 in the year six hundred and fifty-eight, 294 00:15:09,779 --> 00:15:12,779 the two hosts met at 'Ayn Jalut, 295 00:15:12,779 --> 00:15:15,779 located between Baysan and Nablus. 296 00:15:15,779 --> 00:15:20,909 The Tatars' arrows began pouring relentlessly upon the heads of the Muslims, 297 00:15:20,909 --> 00:15:22,909 sundering their ranks, 298 00:15:22,909 --> 00:15:24,909 scattering their formations, 299 00:15:24,909 --> 00:15:26,909 and paralyzing their movement. 300 00:15:26,909 --> 00:15:28,980 When the distress grew severe upon them, 301 00:15:28,980 --> 00:15:33,980 the Sultan ordered them to charge the enemy of Allah and their enemy. 302 00:15:33,980 --> 00:15:36,980 Swords clashed violently against swords, 303 00:15:36,980 --> 00:15:39,980 spears became hopelessly entangled with spears, 304 00:15:39,980 --> 00:15:42,980 fierce slaughter broke out between both sides, 305 00:15:42,980 --> 00:15:45,980 and each fought with the utmost gallantry. 306 00:15:45,980 --> 00:15:50,009 When al-Malik al-Muzaffar beheld the sheer might of his enemy 307 00:15:50,009 --> 00:15:53,009 and their immense manpower and boundless equipment, 308 00:15:53,009 --> 00:15:55,009 he threw off his helmet from his head, 309 00:15:55,009 --> 00:15:57,009 cast it to the ground, 310 00:15:57,009 --> 00:16:00,009 and cried out in his roaring voice, proclaiming: 311 00:16:00,009 --> 00:16:03,009 "O Islam! O Islam!" 312 00:16:03,009 --> 00:16:06,009 Thus he inflamed his soldiers' hearts with the fire of faith 313 00:16:06,009 --> 00:16:10,009 and ignited their souls with zealous devotion for Islam. 314 00:16:10,009 --> 00:16:13,009 They swooped down upon their enemy like falling meteors, 315 00:16:13,009 --> 00:16:15,009 continuing to fight them with fierce resolve 316 00:16:15,009 --> 00:16:18,009 until they breached their dense battle lines 317 00:16:18,009 --> 00:16:21,009 and penetrated deep into their packed multitudes. 318 00:16:21,009 --> 00:16:24,009 Thereupon, Allah cast feebleness into the souls of the Tatars 319 00:16:24,009 --> 00:16:27,009 and struck dread into their hearts. 320 00:16:27,009 --> 00:16:30,009 Within an hour or so, 321 00:16:30,009 --> 00:16:33,009 the enemy began to fall back, 322 00:16:33,009 --> 00:16:35,009 then started to retreat in disarray, 323 00:16:35,009 --> 00:16:37,009 and ultimately turned their backs in full flight. 324 00:16:37,009 --> 00:16:39,009 The Muslims rode hard on their heels, 325 00:16:39,009 --> 00:16:42,009 putting their necks to the sword 326 00:16:42,009 --> 00:16:45,009 and routing them utterly. 327 00:16:45,009 --> 00:16:46,169 To conclude: 328 00:16:46,169 --> 00:16:48,169 the day of 'Ayn Jalut was indeed 329 00:16:48,169 --> 00:16:51,169 the first day the invincible conquerors were defeated 330 00:16:51,169 --> 00:16:54,169 and the subjugators themselves were overcome; 331 00:16:54,169 --> 00:16:57,169 after that day, they never stood tall again. 332 00:16:58,169 --> 00:17:00,169 And that Mamluk, 333 00:17:00,169 --> 00:17:02,169 Sayf al-Din Qutuz, 334 00:17:02,169 --> 00:17:05,170 was the first man to humiliate the tyrant Hulagu. 335 00:17:05,170 --> 00:17:08,170 Islam was, and remains, 336 00:17:08,170 --> 00:17:10,170 the wellspring of victory for the Muslims 337 00:17:10,170 --> 00:17:13,170 and the path of honor for the believers. 338 00:17:13,170 --> 00:17:16,170 True indeed are the words of Allah the Almighty when He says: 339 00:17:16,170 --> 00:17:20,170 "Say, 'O Allah, Owner of All Sovereignty, 340 00:17:20,170 --> 00:17:23,170 “Say: O Allah! Owner of Sovereignty! Thou givest sovereignty unto whom Thou wilt, and Thou withdrawest sovereignty from whom Thou wilt. Thou exaltest whom Thou wilt, and Thou abasest whom Thou wilt. In Thy hand is the good. Lo! Thou art Able to do all things.” (3:26) 341 00:17:23,170 --> 00:17:26,170 and You take away sovereignty 342 00:17:26,170 --> 00:17:29,170 from whom You will. 343 00:17:29,170 --> 00:17:33,170 You honor whom You will, 344 00:17:33,170 --> 00:17:37,170 and You humble whom You will. 345 00:17:37,170 --> 00:17:40,170 In Your hand is all good. 346 00:17:40,170 --> 00:17:44,170 Indeed, You are over all things competent.'"